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ENGG.
Two Port Networks
Course Instructors:
Seshan Srirangarajan, Sumantra Duttaroy, S. Janardhanan
and Jun Bae Seo
Department of Electrical Engineering, IITD
Refresh : Ports in a Network
• Port : A pair of terminals through which an electrical
network can be connected to external circuit.
Port condition: the currents
flowing into the two nodes must
be equal and opposite
2
Two Port Network:
There are 4 variables here : Two voltages and
two currents.
However, only two of them can be independent
of one another. The other two will be
dependent.
Two Port Network:
Two Port Network:
i2
Two Port Network:
i2
Two Port Network:
i2
Two Port Network – Z Parameters
Two Port Network – Z Parameters
Z11 and Z22 are termed as the open circuit input and
output impedances. Also called driving point
impedances.
Z12 and Z21 are termed as open circuit transfer
impedances
Two Port Network – Z Parameters
Z11 and Z22 are termed as the open circuit input and
output impedances. Also called driving point
impedances.
Z12 and Z21 are termed as open circuit transfer
impedances
If the network is linear and can be represented without
dependent sources, then Z12=Z21.
Network is said to be reciprocal.
Network Representation : Z Parameters
General Case
Reciprocal Network
Two Port Network ‐ Parameters
Y11 and Y22 are termed as the short circuit input and
output admittances. Also called driving point
admittances.
Y12 and Y21 are termed as short circuit transfer
admittances
If the network is linear and can be represented without
dependent sources, then Y12=Y21.
Network is said to be reciprocal.
Two Port Network ‐ Parameters
Two Port Network:
T Network = Wye Network = Star Network
Π Network = Δ Network
Two Port Network:
Two Port Network:
Two Port Network:
Reciprocity Theorem
Assume a two port network, in which V1 terminals are connected to a source
Va and V2 terminals are shorted (V2=0) and I2 is measured using an ammeter.
Reciprocity Theorem
~ A
Assume a two port network, in which V1 terminals are connected to a source
Va and V2 terminals are shorted (V2=0) and I2 is measured using an ammeter.
Using the T network notation
Reciprocity Theorem
~ A
Assume a two port network, in which V1 terminals are connected to a source
Va and V2 terminals are shorted (V2=0) and I2 is measured using an ammeter.
Using the T network notation
Reciprocity Theorem
A ~
Now exchange the positions of the voltage source and the ammeter.
Using the T network notation
Reciprocity Theorem
• Reciprocity Theorem states that –
• In any branch of a network or circuit, the current due to a single
source of voltage (V) in the network is equal to the current through
that branch in which the source was originally placed when the
source is again put in the branch in which the current was
originally.
Reciprocity Theorem
• Reciprocity Theorem states that –
• In any branch of a network or circuit, the current due to a single
source of voltage (V) in the network is equal to the current through
that branch in which the source was originally placed when the
source is again put in the branch in which the current was
originally.
• In other words – If a circuit has a single voltage source, and
current is measured in any branch, the measurement value
remains the same when the location of voltage source and the
ammeter are interchanged.
Δ to Y (π to T) Conversion
Δ to Y (π to T) Conversion
Δ to Y (π to T) Conversion
Y to Δ (T to π ) Conversion
Two Port Network (Ex 1)
Given Za = Zb = Zc = 10 60°. Determine the impedance of the equivalent Δ.
Za Zb
Zc
Two Port Network (Ex 1)
Given Za = Zb = Zc = 10 60°. Determine the impedance of the equivalent Δ.
Za Zb
Zc
Two Port Network (Ex 1)
Given Za = Zb = Zc = 10 60°. Determine the impedance of the equivalent Δ.
Two Port Network (Ex 1)
Given Za = Zb = Zc = 10 60°. Determine the impedance of the equivalent Δ.
Two Port Network (Ex 1)
Given Za = Zb = Zc = 10 60°. Determine the impedance of the equivalent Δ.
Two Port Network (Ex 2)
Determine equivalent series resistance of the bridge network.
Two Port Network (Ex 2)
Determine equivalent series resistance of the bridge network.
STEP 1:
Two Port Network (Ex 2)
Determine equivalent series resistance of the bridge network.
STEP 1:
Two Port Network (Ex 2)
Determine equivalent series resistance of the bridge network.
STEP 1:
Two Port Network (Ex 2)
Determine equivalent series resistance of the bridge network.
STEP 2:
Two Port Network (Ex 2)
Determine equivalent series resistance of the bridge network.
STEP 2:
Two Port Network ‐ Exceptions
• Not all two port networks have impedance or admittance
parameters.
Two Port Network ‐ Exceptions
• Not all two port networks have impedance or admittance
parameters.
• Eg : Ideal Transformer
Two Port Network ‐ Exceptions
• Not all two port networks have impedance or admittance
parameters.
• Eg : Ideal Transformer
Two Port Network ‐ Exceptions
• Not all two port networks have impedance or admittance
parameters.
• Eg : Ideal Transformer
Hybrid Parameters : Make V1 and I2 as the
dependent variables
Two Port Network – Hybrid Parameters
• h‐parameter relations
Two Port Network – Hybrid Parameters
• h‐parameter relations
Two Port Network – Hybrid Parameters
• h‐parameter relations
Two Port Network –Parameter Relations
END
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