AS120/PHY130/TUTORIAL8/MAC18-JULY18/NSZ

TUTORIAL 8
MATTER

1.
a) Define stress and strain.

b) Using a scale, a piece of alloy has a measured mass of 90.0 g in air and 75.0 g
when immersed in water. Calculate its buoyant force(Ans: FB=1.4715 x 10-1 N)

2. A metal wire 2 m long and 2 mm in diameter is stretched 1 mm when a load of 185

N is hung on its end. What is the Young's modulus for the metal wire? (Ans: =
1.18 x 1011 Pa)

3. A block of metal weighs 50 N in air and 35 N in water. What is the buoyant force of
the water? (Ans: FB=15 N)

4. An aluminum wire 2.0 m in length and 2.0 mm in diameter supports a 10.0 kg mass.
What is the elongation of the wire? The Young's modulus for aluminum is 7.0x1010 Nm-2.
(Ans: x = 8.92 x 10-4 m)

5. A metal wire 1.5 m long and 0.2 cm in diameter stretches 0.036 cm when a load
of 5.0 kg is hung on its end. Calculate:

i) The stress of the wire.

ii) The strain of the wire.
iii) The Young's Modulus of the wire. (Ans: (a)  =1.562 x 107 Pa, (b) = 2.4 x 10-
4, (c)  = 6.51 x 1010 Nm-2)

6.
a) In a hydraulic press such as in Figure below, the larger piston has a cross-
sectional area A1 = 200 cm2 and the small piston has cross-sectional area A2 =
5.0 cm2. If a force F2 of 250N is applied to the small piston, find the force F1 on
the large piston. (Ans: F1= 10 000 N)

b) A solid aluminum cylinder with density p = 2700 kg m-3 has a measured mass of
67 g in air and 45 g when immersed in turpentine. Determine the density of
turpentine. (Mac 2012) (Ans:  = 8.86567 x 102 kgm-3)

7. A load of 30 kg is applied to the lower end of an aluminium rod 80 cm long and

0.40 cm in diameter. How much will the rod stretch? (Young's modulus for
aluminium =70 x 109 N m-2 ) (Ans: x=2.68 x 10-4 m)

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8. The piston of a hydraulic automobile lift is 0.30 m in diameter. What pressure is

require to lift a car with a mass of 800 kg ? (Ans: P =1.11 x 105 Pa)

9. A steel cable of diameter 2.0 cm has original length of 24 m. It is used to support

a load of 900 kg. Find the tensile stress of the cable. (Ans:  = 2.8104 x 107 Nm-2)
(Apr 2011)

10. Calculate the pressure at a depth of 110 cm from the surface of a lake. Given
water density = 1000 kgm-3) (Ans: P gauge=1.12 x 105 Pa)
(Apr2010)

11. A solid brass statue weighs 190 N in air and is suspended from a rope and totally
immersed in water,
i. what is its volume ? (Ans: v = 2.29 x 10-3 m3)
ii. what is the tension in the rope ? (Ans: T= 189.60 N)
(ρbrass = 8440 kg/m3, ρwater = 1000 kg/m3)

12. The diagram below shows a hydraulic jack that used to lift a car which has a mass
of 1500 kg. A and B are two pistons with round surfaces. If the surface area of B is
130cm2 and the force, F supplied to lift the car is 60 N, determine the radius of A
surface. (Ans: r1=4.10 x 10-3 m)

13. The piston of a hydraulic automobile lift is 0.30 m in diameter. What pressure is
require to lift a car with a mass of 800 kg ? (Ans: P = 1.11 x 105 Pa)

14. A 5.0 x 102 N object is hung from the end of a wire of cross-sectional area 0.010
cm2. The wire stretches from its original length of 200.00 cm to 200.50 cm as
shown in Figure below: (Apr 2009)

i) What is the stress on the wire? (Ans: (a) = 5.0 x 108 Nm-2)
ii) What is the elongation strain on the wire? (Ans: (b)x = 5 x 10-3 m)
iii) Determine the Young's modulus of the wire. Ans: (c)  = 2.0 x 1011 Nm-2 )

15.
a) The Young's modulus of wood is 13 x 109 N m-2. A force of 5 x 105 N is applied to a
wood specimen of length 2 m and cross sectional area 0.1 m 2. Compute the stress
and strain applied on the specimen. Ans:  = 3.8462 x 10-4)

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b) A force of 250 N is applied to a hydraulic jack piston that is 0.01 m in diameter. If

the piston that supports the load has a diameter of 0.10 m, approximately how much
mass can be lifted by the jack? Ignore any difference in height between the pistons.
(Ans: m= 2.55 x 103 kg) (Sept 2011)

16. A balloon is released from a tall building. The total mass of the balloon including the
enclosed gas is 2.0 kg. Its volume is 5.0 m3. The density of air is 1.3 kg/m3.
i) Find the buoyant force on the balloon. (Ans: FB=6.3765 x 101 N)
ii) What is the magnitude of the initial acceleration of the balloon? (Apr 2009)
(Ans: a =31.825 ms-1)

17. Water flows through a rubber hose which is has a cross sectional area of 0.2 m 2 at
a velocity of 6.0 ms-1.
i) Calculate the mass flow rate of water in the hose. (Ans: m =1200 kgs-1)
ii) Calculate the velocity of the water coming out if the cross sectional area of the
nozzle is 0.1 m2(Oct 2013) (Ans: v2 = 12 ms-1)

18. Water enters a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm with a velocity of 3.0 m/s. The water
encounters a constriction where its velocity is 12 m/s. (Apr 2009)
i) Find the volume flow rate of the water. (Ans: Q = 2.121 x 10-3 m3s-1)
ii) What is the diameter of the constricted portion of the pipe? (Ans: d = 0.015 m)

19. The diameter of the main water pipe that supplies water to a double storey house
is 4.00 cm. It supplies water at a rate of 500 cm 3/s. However, the diameter of the
pipe is reduce to 2.00 cm in the bathroom upstairs. Determine the speed of the
water flowing in the main pipe. (Ans: v1 = 3.978 x 10-1 ms-1)

20. An object has a weight of 8.80 N in air. It is suspended from a scale, which reads
7.40 N when it is submerged in hydraulic oil of density 950 kg/m3. (Acceleration due
to gravity =9.8 m/s2)
i) Determine the buoyant force on the object, (Ans: FB=1.40 N)
ii) What is the volume of the displaced oil? (Ans: V displaced = 1.5 x 10-4 m3)
iii) What is the density of the object? (Ans:  = 5.971 x 102 kgm-3)

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