ERIK ERIKSON
Psychosocial Developmental Theory
THEORY
Erikson’s (1959) theory of
psychosocial development has
eight distinct stages, taking in
five stages up to the age of 18
years and three further stages
beyond, well into adulthood.
Erikson suggests that there is
still plenty of room for
continued growth and
development throughout one’s
life. Erikson puts a great deal of
emphasis on the adolescent
period, feeling it was a crucial
stage for developing a person’s
identity.
According to the theory,
successful completion of each
stage results in a healthy
personality and the acquisition
of basic virtues. Basic virtues are
characteristic strengths which
the ego can use to resolve
subsequent crises.
Failure to successfully complete
a stage can result in a reduced
ability to complete further stages
and therefore a more unhealthy
personality and sense of
self. These stages, however, can
be resolved successfully at a
later time.
CENTRAL TASK PRESENTING
CHARACTERISTIC
Generativity vs. Mr. J is a fisher man, it is their
Stagnation family’s source of living. He is
During middle married to his wife and blessed
adulthood (ages 40 to 65 with children.
yrs), we establish our According to the patient’s wife,
Mr. J is able to do his duties and
careers, settle down
responsibilities as a father to his
within a relationship, family.
begin our own families
and develop a sense of Mr. J is working hard for them to
being a part of the bigger have a better life. He do believe
picture. that his condition will not be the
reason for him to stop from being
We give back to society a breadwinner of the family.
through raising our
children, being
productive at work, and
becoming involved in
community activities
and organizations.
By failing to achieve
these objectives, we
become stagnant and
feel unproductive.
Success in this stage will
lead to the virtue of care.
 Robert J. Havighurst
Developmental Stage and Task

THEORY CENTRAL TASK PRESENTING

CHARACTERISTIC
Havighurst’s main assertion is that Middle Age – 36 – Mr. J maintained their economic
development is continuous 60 years living by doing his work as
throughout the entire lifespan,  Maintaining fisherman.
occurring in stages, where an economic
individual move from one stage to standard of He is a father to his children, and
the next by means of successful doing everything he can to give
living
resolution of problems or them a better life.
 Performing
performance of developmental
tasks. These tasks are typically civic and social His wife also stated that they have
encountered by most people in the responsibilities a good relationship with each
culture where the individual  Relating to other, often have conflicts and
belongs. spouse as a deals with problems together.
When people successfully person
accomplish and master these “Sabi ng asawa ko, gusto nyang
 Adjusting to
developmental tasks, they feel pride matanggal na yung bukol sa muka
and satisfaction, and consequently physiological nya kesa mas lumalala pa. Kaya
earn the approval of their changes nya pa naman daw magtrabo
community or society. This success pagnaka-recover na sya”
provides a sound foundation which verbalized by the patient’s wife.
allows them to accomplish
developmental tasks that they will His statement shows that he fully
encounter at later stages. accepted his condition and
Conversely, when people fail to adjusting to what he is right now.
accomplishing a developmental
task, they’re often unhappy and are
not accorded the desired approval
by society, resulting in the
subsequent experience of difficulty
when faced with succeeding
developmental tasks.