DESIGN OF DECKSLAB

Clear Span = 7.450 m

Thickness of slab = 65 cm
(assumed)
Thickness of w.c = 75 mm
Clear cover = 4.00 cm
(as per clause 304.3.1 and table 10 of IRC bridge code 21-2000
section III )
Main reinforcement = 20 mm dia. HYSD bars conforming to IS-1786
(Deformed bars)
Concrete Mix is M 20 grade
Bearing(assumed) = 49 cm

Effective depth = 65 - 4.00 - 1.00

= 60 cm
Effective Span
As per clause 305.1.2 of IRC code 21-2000
Effective span shall be the least of the following

i). Effective span = l1 + d

where l1 = clear span

= 7.45 m
d = effective depth
= 0.6 m
Effective span = 7.45 + 0.6000
= 8.050 m
ii) l = distance from centre of supports
= 7.45 + 2x 0.490
2
= 7.940 m
Effective span shall be least of (i) and (ii)
Effective span = 7.940 m
Carriage way width = 4.25 m
(clause 113.1 of IRC 5-1985)

Kerb width = 0.225 m

Width of slab = 4.25 + 0.225 x 2
= 4.700 m
Loading IRC class 'A'
As per clause 303.1 and Table 6 of IRC code 21-2000, for M 20 grade RCC
Permissible flexural compressive stresses 66.67
c allowable = 6.667 M.Pa
= 66.67 kg/cm2
Modular ratio = Es = 10.00
Ec
As per clause 303.2.1 of IRC code 21-2000
Permissible tensile stress in steel for combined bending
For steel S 415 t = 200 M.Pa
m = 10.00
n = mc / (mc+t)
n = 10.00 x 66.67
66.67 x 10.00 + 2000
= 0.250
j = 1 - n/3
= 1 - 0.25 /3 Q = 1/2*c*n*j
= 0.917 = 7.640
As per clause 211.2 of IRC code 6
Impact factor fraction = 4.5
6+L
where L is Effective span= 7.940 m
Impact factor fraction = 4.5
6 + 7.940
= 0.323

Dead Load Bending Moment

Weight of slab = 0.65 * 2500 = 1625 kg/m

Weight of w.c = 0.075 * 2400 = 180 kg/m
Total dead load 1805 kg/m

Bending Moment = wl2 = 1805 x 7.940 x 7.94

due to dead load 8 8
= 14224.21225 kg-m
= 1422421.225 kg-cm
Live Load Bending Moment
As per clause 305.13.2.1 of IRC code 21-2000
Ratio b / lo
where b = width of slab = 4.70 m
lo = Effective span = 7.940 m

Ratio = 4.70 = 0.592

7.94

b/lo for simply supported slab

0.5 1.72
0.6 1.96

For b/lo = 1.72 + 0.24 * 0.092

0.1
= 1.941

As per clause 305.1.3.2(1) IRC 21-2000

Solid slabs spanning in one direction
For a single concentrated load, the effective width may be calculated
in accordance with the following equation

bef = a (1 - a/lo) +b1

where bef = The effective width of slab on which the load acts.
lo = The effective span as indicated in clause 305.1
a = The distance of the centre of gravity of the concentrated load
from the nearer support
b1 = The breadth of concentration area of the load, i.e the dimension
 of the tyre or track contact area over the road surface of the slab
in a direction at right angles to the span plus twice the thickness
of the wearing coat or surface finish above the structural slab.
= a constant depending upon the ratio
b/lo where b is the width of the slab

2.7 11.4 11.4 6.8 6.8

3.2 1.2 4.3 3

Class 'A' Train

For maximum bending moment, the two loads of 11.40 t should be kept such that the resultant of
the load system and the load under consideration should be equidistant from the centre of span.

Position of Loads
2.7 11.4 11.4
3.2 1.2
A C D E B
7.940
CG of the load sytem from C
= (11.4 x 3.2)+(11.4 x 4.4) = 86.64 = 3.398
(2.7 + 11.4 + 11.4) 25.5
CG from D = 0.198
2.7 11.4 R 11.4
0.099 0.099 1.002
0.671 3.2 1.2 2.869
A C D E B
3.970 3.970
7.940

Dispersion Width Under 'C' 2.7 t load

bef = a( 1 - a/lo) + b1
= 1.941 a from A = 0.671
a = 0.671 a from B = 7.269
lo = 7.94
b1 = 0.35 m
bef = 1.543 m < 1.8 m
Dispersion Widths do not overlap

0.225 0.2 0.1 1.8

0.2 0.2

4.70
Left Dispersion calculated (bef/2) = 0.7713
left dispersion means the possible dispersion on the left side from the centre
 of the left wheel of the vehicle.= kerb width + kerb to wheel gap + tyre width / 2 =
= 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.2/2 0.475 < 0.7713
here left is going beyond the slab edge, hence the left dispersion is limited to 0.48

Dispersion width under one wheel

= 0.475 + 1.543 /2 + 0 = 1.246 m
Intensity of load under 'C' = 1.35 (1.00 + 0.323 )
1.246
= 1.433 t
Dispersion Width Under D 11.4 t load
bef = a (1 - a/lo) +b1
= 1.941 a from A = 3.871
a = 3.871 a from B = 4.069
lo = 7.94
b1 = 0.65 m
bef = 4.500 m > 1.8 m
Dispersion Widths overlap
 0.225 0.2 0.25 1.8

0.5 0.5

4.70
Left Dispersion calculated (bef/2) = 2.250
here left dispersion means the possible dispersion on the left side from the centre
of the left wheel of the vehicle. = kerb width + kerb to wheel gap + tyre width / 2 =
= 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.5/2 0.625 < 2.250
here left is going beyond the slab edge, hence the left dispersion is limited to 0.6250
Combined dispersion width = 0.6250 + 4.500 /2 + 1.8
= 4.675 m
Intensity of load under 'D' = 11.4 ( 1.00 + 0.323 )
4.675
= 3.226 t
Dispersion Width Under 'E' 11.4 t load
bef = a (1 - a/lo) +b1
= 1.941 a from A = 5.071
a = 2.869 a from B = 2.869
lo = 7.940
b1 = 0.65 m
bef = 4.206 m > 1.8 m
Dispersion Widths overlap

0.225 0.2 0.25 1.8

0.5 0.5

4.70
Left Dispersion calculated (bef/2) = 2.103
left dispersion means the possible dispersion on the left side from the centre
of the left wheel of the vehicle. = kerb width + kerb to wheel gap + tyre width / 2 =
0.225 + 0.15 + 0.5/2 0.625 < 2.103
here left dispersion is going beyond the slab edge, hence the left dispersion is limited 0.6250
Combined dispersion width = 0.625 + 4.206 /2 + 1.8
= 4.528 m
Intensity of load under 'E' = 11.4 ( 1.00 + 0.323 )
4.528
= 3.330 t

1.433 3.226 R 3.330

0.099 0.099 1.002
0.671 3.2 1.2 2.869
C D E
3.97 3.970
A 7.94 B
 Taking moments about 'B'
Ra x 7.9 = 3.330 * 2.869 + 3.226 * 4.07
1.433 * 7.269
Ra x 7.9 = 33.219
Ra = 4.184 t
Rb = 1.433 + 3.226 + 3.330 - 4.184
Rb = 3.805 t
Maximum live load Bending Moment
= ( 4.184 * 3.871 ) - ( 1.433 * ### )
= 16.196 - 4.585
= 11.61078 t-m
= 1161078 kg-cm
Total B.M = Dead load B.M + Live Load B.M
= 1422421.2 + 1161077.5
= 2583499 kg-cm

Effective depth = M = 2583499

required Q*b 7.640 x100

= 58.153 cm < 60 cm
Steel OK
steel at bottom
Main steel reinforcement required = M = 2583499
tjd 2000 x 0.917 x 60
2
= 23.486 cm
As per clause 305.19 of IRC code 21-2000
Minimum area of tension
reinforcement = 0.12 % of total cross sectional area
On each face = 0.12 * 100 * 65
* 100
2
= 7.80 cm < 23.486 cm2
provide 20 mm dia. HYSD bars at 130 mm c/c

2
Ast provided = 24.15 cm OK
Distribution Steel
As per clause 305.18.1 of IRC code 21-2000
Resisting moment
= 0.3 times the moment due to concentrated live loads plus 0.2 times the moment
due to other loads such as dead load, shrinkage, temperature etc.
= 0.3 * L.L B. Mom. + 0.2*D.L B. Mom.
= 0.3x 1161077.5 + 0.2x 1422421.23
= 632807.4993 kg-cm
Assuming the dia. Of distribution 12 mm HYSD
Effective depth = 58.40 cm
Ast required = M = 632807.50
tjd 2000 x 0.917 x 58.4
2
= 5.910 cm
As per clause 305.19 of IRC code 21-2000
Minimum distribution reinforcem = 0.12 % of total cross section area
= 0.12 x 100 x 58.40
100
2 2
= 7.008 cm > 5.910 cm
 2
Hence provide minimun distribution reinforceme 7.008 cm
provide 12 mm dia. HYSD bars at 130 mm c/c
2
Ast provided = 8.695 cm OK
 Top Reinforcement
2
Min. Reinforcement = 7.008 cm
Provide 12 mm dia. HYSD bars at 130 mm c/c
Also provide distribution steel of 12 mm dia. HYSD bars at 130 mm c/c

Check for shear

As per clause 305.13.3 of IRC code 21-2000
Dispersion of loads along the span
Longitudinal dispersion =
The effect of contact of wheel or track load in the direction of span
length shall be taken as equal to the dimension of the tyre contact
area over the wearing surface of the slab in the direction of the span
plus twice the overall depth of the slab inclusive of the thickness of
the wearing surface.
Longitudinal dispersion = 0.25 + 2 ( 0.65 + 0.075 )
= 1.70 m
so 11 t load may be k 0.85 m from the support to get max. shear
11.4 11.4 6.8 t

0.85 1.2 4.3 1.590

C D E
3.970 3.970
A 7.940 B

The load of 11.40 t may be kept at 1.70 /2 = 0.85 m from the support to
Dispersion Width Under 'C' 11.4 t get max. shear
bef = a (1 - a/lo) +b1
= 1.941 a from A = 0.850
a = 0.850 a from B = 7.090
lo = 7.940
b1 = 0.65 m
bef = 2.123 m > 1.8 m
Dispersion Widths overlap

0.225 0.15 0.25 1.8

0.5 0.5

4.70

Left Dispersion (bef/2) = 1.0616

left dispersion means the possible dispersion on the left side from the centre
of the left wheel of the vehicle. = kerb width + kerb to wheel gap + tyre width / 2 =
= 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.5/2 = 0.625 < 1.0616
here left is going beyond the slab edge, hence the left dispersion is limited to 0.625
Combined dispersion widt= 0.625 + 2.123 /2 + 1.8
= 3.487 m
 Intensity of load under 'C' = 11.4 ( 1.00 + 0.323 )
3.487
= 4.325 t
Dispersion Width Under 'D' 11.4 t
bef = a (1 - a/lo) +b1
= 1.94 a from A = 2.05
a = 2.050 a from B = 5.890
lo = 7.94
b1 = 0.65 m
bef = 3.602 m > 1.8 m
Dispersion Widths overlap
Left calculated Dispersion (bef/2) = 1.8009
left dispersion means the possible dispersion on the left side from the centre
of the left wheel of the vehicle. = kerb width + kerb to wheel gap + tyre width / 2 =
= 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.5/2 0.625 < 1.8009
here left is going beyond the slab edge, hence the left dispersion is limited to 0.6250
Combined dispersion width 0.6250 + 3.602 /2 + 1.80
= 4.226 m
Intensity of load under 'D' = 11.4 ( 1.0 + 0.323 )
4.226
= 3.569 t
Dispersion Width Under 'E' 6.8 t
bef = a (1 - a/lo) +b1
= 1.941 a from A = 6.350
a = 1.590 a from B = 1.590
lo = 7.940
b1 = 0.53 m
bef = 2.998 m > 1.8 m
Dispersion Widths overlap

0.225 0.2 0.19 1.8

0.38 0.5

4.70

Left Dispersion calculated (bef/2) = 1.4991

left dispersion means the possible dispersion on the left side from the centre
of the left wheel of the vehicle. = kerb width + kerb to wheel gap + tyre width / 2 =
0.225 + 0.15 + 0.38/2 = 0.565 < 1.4991
here left is going beyond the slab edge, hence the left dispersion is limited to 0.565
Combined dispersion width = 0.565 + 2.998 /2 + 1.8
= 3.864 m
Intensity of load under 'E' = 6.8 ( 1.00 + 0.323 )
3.864
 = 2.328 t

4.325 3.569 2.328

0.85 1.2 4.3 1.59

C D E
3.970 3.970
A 7.940 B
 Taking moments about 'B'
Ra x 7.94 = 4.325 * 7.09 + 3.569 * 5.89
+ 2.328 * 1.59

Ra x 7.94 = 55.385
Ra = 6.975 t
Rb = 3.246 t
Shear due to dead load = wl
2
= 1805 x 7.940
2
= 7165.9 kgs
Total shear due to dead load & live loa = 6975.45 + 7165.850
14141.301 kgs
As per clause 304.7.1 of IRC 21-2000
Design shear stress τc = V
bd
where V = The design shear across the section
d = The depth of the section
b = The breadth of the rectangular beam or slab, or
the breadth of the rib in the case of flanged beam
here V = 14141 kgs
b = 100 cms
d = 60 cms
= 14141
100x 60
= 2.36 kg/cm2
As per clause 304.7.1.1 of IRC 21-2000 Max. permissible shear s 20 grade concrete
τcmax = 1.8 N/mm2
for solid slabs the permissible shear stress shall not exceed half the value of
τcmax given in Table 12 A
Hence τcmax = 0.5 x 1.8
= 0.9 N/mm2
Hence max. permissible stress = 9.0 kg/cm2
2
Ast provided = 24.154 cm

100 Ast / b d = 0.403

from Table 12B of IRC:21-2000
τc = 0.269 N/mm2
2
= 2.690 kg/cm
For solid slabs the permissible shear in concrete k * τc
(vide cl. 304.7.1.3.2 of IRC:21-2000)
k for solid slab of 65 cm thick = 1.00 (Table 12C of IRC:21-2000)

2 2
k* τc= 1.0 x 2.690 = 2.690 Kg/cm > 2.36 kg/cm
Hence safe against shear.