Pasero Opioid-induced Sedation Scale (POSS) with Interventions*

S = Sleep, easy to arouse

Acceptable; no action necessary; may increase opioid dose if needed
1 = Awake and alert
Acceptable; no action necessary; may increase opioid dose if needed
2 = Slightly drowsy, easily aroused
Acceptable; no action necessary; may increase opioid dose if needed
3 = Frequently drowsy, arousable, drifts off to sleep during conversation
Unacceptable; monitor respiratory status and sedation level closely until
sedation level is stable at less than 3 and respiratory status is satisfactory;
decrease opioid dose 25% to 50% or notify prescriber or anesthesiologist
for orders; consider administering a non-sedating, opioid-sparing
nonopioid, such as acetaminophen or a NSAID, if not contraindicated.
4 = Somnolent, minimal or no response to verbal and physical stimulation
Unacceptable; stop opioid; consider administering naloxone; notify
prescriber2 or anesthesiologist; monitor respiratory status and sedation
level closely until sedation level is stable at less than 3 and respiratory
status is satisfactory.
*See appropriate action in italics at each level of sedation

*See appropriate action in italics at each level of sedation.

Nisbet AT, Mooney-Cotter F. Comparison of selected sedation scales for reporting
opioidinduced
sedation assessment. Pain Manag Nurs. 2009 Sep;10(3):154-64.
Kobelt P, Burke K, Renker P. Evaluation of a standardized sedation assessment for opioid
administration in the post anesthesia care unit. Pain Manag Nurs. 2014 Sep;15(3):672-81
Pasero C. Assessment of sedation during opioid administration for pain management. J
PeriAnesthesia Nurs. 2009 Jun;24(3):186-90.

Pasero opioid-induced Skala Sedasi (POSS) dengan Intervensi *

S = Sleep, mudah untuk membangkitkan
diterima; tidak ada tindakan yang diperlukan; mungkin meningkatkan dosis opioid jika diperlukan
1 = Awake dan waspada
diterima; tidak ada tindakan yang diperlukan; mungkin meningkatkan dosis opioid jika diperlukan
2 = Sedikit mengantuk, mudah terangsang
diterima; tidak ada tindakan yang diperlukan; mungkin meningkatkan dosis opioid jika diperlukan
3 = Sering mengantuk, arousable, hanyut tertidur selama percakapan
tidak dapat diterima; memonitor status pernapasan dan tingkat sedasi erat sampai
tingkat sedasi stabil kurang dari 3 dan status pernapasan memuaskan;
menurunkan opioid dosis 25% sampai 50% atau memberitahu prescriber atau anestesi
untuk pesanan; pertimbangkan pemberian non-penenang, opioid-sparing
nonopioid, seperti acetaminophen atau NSAID, jika tidak kontraindikasi.
4 = mengantuk, sedikit atau tidak ada respon terhadap rangsangan verbal dan fisik