Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
• Varactor Operations
• Varactor Modulators
• Frequency-Modulating a Crystal Oscillator
• Voltage-Controlled Oscillator
Varactor Operations
• Phase angle
RC phase-shifter basics.
Varactor Phase Modulator
Example 2:
• A transmitter must operate at a frequency of
168.96 MHz with a deviation of 65 kHz. It uses
three frequency multipliers––a doubler, a tripler,
and a quadrupler. Phase modulation is used.
Calculate (a) the frequency of the carrier crystal
oscillator and (b) the phase shift ¢ϕ required to
produce the necessary deviation at a 2.8-kHz
modulation frequency.
• A.
fd = 5 5 kHz/24 5 6208.33 Hz
• B.
Example 3:
• For the transmitter in Example 6-2, a phase
shifter like that in Fig. 6-10 is used, where C is a
varactor and R 5 1 kV. Assume that the total
phase-shift range is centered on 45°. Calculate the
two capacitance values required to achieve the
total deviation. The phase range is centered on
45°, or 45°± 4.263° = 40.737°and 49.263°. The total
phase range is 49.263 - 40.737 = 8.526°. If ϕ = 5
tan^-1 (R/XC), then tan ϕ = R/XC.
III. FREQUENCY
DEMODULATORS
• Slope Detectors
• Pulse-Averaging Discrimators
• Quadrature Detectors
• Phase-Locked Loop
Slope Detectors
Phase-Locked Loop
Phase-Locked Loop
• free-running frequency, its normal operating
frequency as determined by internal frequency-
determining components