Result and data

Laminar Flow

Volume ( L ) Time ( s ) Flow rate , Q Flow rate , Q Fluid velocity , Reynold’s

( L/s ) ( m3/s ) U ( m/s ) Number

0.3 51 0.0058 5.8824 x 10-6 0.0308 539.8652

0.3 50 0.0060 6.0000 x 10-6 0.0314 550.3820

0.3 53 0.0056 5.6000 x 10-6 0.0293 513.5730

Transitional Flow

Volume ( L ) Time ( s ) Flow rate , Q Flow rate , Q Fluid velocity , Reynold’s

( L/s ) ( m3/s ) U ( m/s ) Number

0.3 12.4 0.0242 2.4200 x 10-5 0.1267 2220.8090

0.3 12.1 0.0248 2.4800 x 10-5 0.1298 2275.1460

0.3 12.3 0.0244 2.4390 x 10-5 0.1277 2238.3370

Turbulence flow

Volume ( L ) Time ( s ) Flow rate , Q Flow rate , Q Fluid velocity , Reynold’s

( L/s ) ( m3/s ) U ( m/s ) Number

0.3 5.1 0.0588 5.8800 x 10-5 0.3079 5396.8989

0.3 5.4 0.0556 5.5600 x 10-5 0.2911 5102.4270

0.3 5.2 0.0577 5.7700 x 10-5 0.3021 5295.2360

Area = 1.91 x 10-4 m2

Reynold’s number = UD / V

Fluid velocity ( U )

Kinematics Viscosity ( V ) = 0.89 x 10-6 m/s

Glass tube diameter ( D ) = 0.0156 m

Calculations

Sample calculation of flow rate,Q.

Flow rate,Q ( L/s ) = Volume ( L ) / TIme ( sec )

*1000 L = 1 m3

Laminar flow Transitional flow Turbulence flow

0.3L L 0.3L L 0.3L L

Q1   0.0058 Q1   0.0242 Q1   0.0588
51sec sec 12.4 sec sec 5.1sec sec
0.0058L  1m 
3
0.0242 L  1m 3
0.0588 L  1m 
3
Q1    Q1    Q1   
sec  1000 L  sec  1000 L  sec  1000 L 
3 3 3
Q1  5.8824 10 6 m Q1  2.4200 10 5 m Q1  5.8800 10 5 m
sec sec sec
0.3L L 0.3L L 0.3L L
Q2   0.0060 Q2   0.0248 Q2   0.0556
50 sec sec 12.1sec sec 5.4 sec sec
0.0060 L  1m 3  0.0248 L  1m 3  0.0556 L  1m3 
Q2    Q2    Q2   
sec  1000 L  sec  1000 L  sec  1000 L 
3 3 3
Q2  6.0000 10 6 m Q2  2.4800 10 5 m Q2  5.5600 10 5 m
sec sec sec
0.3L L 0.3L L 0.3L L
Q3   0.0056 Q3   0.0244 Q3   0.0577
53 sec sec 12.3 sec sec 5.2 sec sec
0.0056 L  1m 
3
0.0244 L  1m 3
0.0577 L  1m 3
Q3    Q3    Q3   
sec  1000 L  sec  1000 L  sec  1000 L 
3 3 3
Q3  5.6000 10 6 m Q3  2.4390 10 5 m Q3  5.7700 10 5 m
sec sec sec
Sample calculations of fluid velocity, U.
3
Flowrate, Q(m )
s
Fluid velocity, U ( m/s ) =
Area m 2  

*Area = 1.91 x 10-4 m2

Laminar flow Transitional flow Turbulence flow

3 3 3
5.8824 10 6 m 2.4200 105 m 5.8800 10 5 m
U1  s U1  s U1  s
1.9110 4 m 2 1.9110  4 m 2 1.9110 4 m 2
m m m
U1  0.0308 U1  0.1267 U1  0.3079
s s s
3 3 3
6.0000 10 6 m 2.4800 10 5 m 5.5600 10 5 m
U2  s U2  s U2  s
4 4 4
1.9110 m 2
1.9110 m 2
1.9110 m 2

m m m
U 2  0.0314 U 2  0.1298 U 2  0.2911
s s s
3 3 3
5.6000 10 6 m 2.4390 10 5 m 5.7700 10 5 m
U3  s U3  s U3  s
4 4 4
1.9110 m 2
1.9110 m 2
1.9110 m 2

m m m
U 3  0.0293 U 3  0.1277 U 3  0.3021
s s s
Sample calculations of the Reynold’s number,Re

UD
Reynold’s number,Re =
V

* Where

U = Fluid Velocity ( m/s )

D = Diameter , 0.0156 m

V = Kinematics Viscosity ,0.89 x 10-6 m2/s

Laminar flow Transitional flow Turbulence flow

Re1 
0.0308m / s 0.0156m   R 
0.1267m / s 0.0156m  R 
0.3079m / s 0.0156m 
6 6
0.89 10 m / s 0.89 10 m / s 0.89 10 6 m 2 / s
2 e1 2 e1

 539.8652  2220.80  5396.8989

Re 2 
0.0314m / s 0.0156m  R 
0.1298m / s 0.0156m  R 
0.2911m / s 0.0156m 
6 6
0.89 10 m / s 0.89 10 m / s 0.89 10 6 m 2 / s
2 e2 2 e2

 550.3820  2275.1460  5102.4270

Re3 
0.0293m / s 0.0156m  R 
0.1277m / s 0.0156m  R 
0.3021m / s 0.0156m  
6 6
0.89 10 m / s 0.89  10 m / s 0.89 10 6 m 2 / s
2 e3 2 e3

 513.5730  2238.3370  5295.2360