CYBERLAW

PROBLEMS OF POLICY
AND JURISPRUDENCE IN THE
INFORMATION AGE

Fourth Edition

By

Patricia L. Bellia
Professor of Law and Notre Dame Presidential Fellow
Notre Dame Law School

Paul Schiff Berman

Dean and Foundation Professor of Law
Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, Arizona State University

Brett M. Frischmann
Professor of Law
Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, Yeshiva University

David G. Post
I. Herman Stern Professor of Law
Beasley School of Law, Temple University
 Table of Cases
—————
The principal cases are in bold type.  Cases cited or discussed
in the text are roman type.  References are to pages.
—————
1-800-Contacts, Inc. v. WhenU.com, Inc.,
414 F.3d 400 (2d Cir. 2005), 60
A & M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc.,
239 F.3d 1004 (9th Cir. 2001), 350,
359, 360
Abrams v. United States, 250 U.S. 616
(1919), 532
Agnello v. United States, 269 U.S. 20
(1925), 312
ALS Scan v. RemarQ Communities, Inc.,
239 F.3d 619 (4th Cir. 2001), 472
ALS Scan, Inc. v. Digital Serv.
Consultants, Inc., 293 F.3d 707 (4th
Cir. 2002), 147
Amalgamated Food Employees Union v.
Logan Valley Plaza, Inc., 391 U.S. 308
(1968), 204
Amchem Prods., Inc. v. Windsor, 521
U.S. 592 (1997), 811, 813
America Online v. Superior Court, 108
Cal. Rptr. 2d 699 (2001), 200
America Online, Inc. v. Anonymous
Publicly Traded Co., 542 S.E.2d 377
(Va. 2001), 407
America Online, Inc. v. LCGM, Inc.,
46 F. Supp. 2d 444 (E.D. Va. 1998),
739
America Online, Inc. v. Pasieka, 870
So.2d 170 (Fl. App. Ct. 2004), 200
America Online, Inc., et al. v. Huang,
106 F. Supp. 2d 848 (E.D. Va. 2000),
291
American Civil Liberties Union v. Ash-
croft, 322 F.3d 240 (3d Cir. 2003), 129,
568
American Civil Liberties Union v. John-
son, 194 F.3d 1149 (10th Cir. 1999),
117
American Civil Liberties Union v.
Reno, 217 F.3d 162 (3d Cir. 2000),
119, 568
xix
  
 
American Civil Liberties Union v. Reno,
31 F. Supp. 2d 473 (E.D. Pa. 1999),
121, 395, 567
American Civil Liberties Union v. Reno,
929 F. Supp. 824 (E.D. Pa. 1996),
aff’d, 521 U.S. 844 (1997), 18
American Libraries Ass’n v. Pataki,
969 F. Supp. 160 (S.D.N.Y. 1997), 104,
114, 118, 123
American Library Ass’n, Inc. v. United
States, 201 F. Supp. 2d 401 (E.D. Pa.
2002), 583, 584, 587, 590
American Library Ass’n, Inc.,
United States v., 539 U.S. 194
(2003), 566, 571, 574, 582, 609
Arden v. Columbia Pictures Indus., Inc.,
908 F. Supp. 1248 (S.D.N.Y. 1995),
414
Arista Records LLC v. Lime Group LLC,
No. 06 Civ. 5936 (KMW), __ F. Supp.
2d __, 2010 WL 2291485 (S.D.N.Y.
May 25, 2010), 478
Arista Records LLC v. Usenet.com, Inc.,
633 F. Supp. 2d 124 (S.D.N.Y. 2009),
478
Arista Records v. Sakfield Holding Co.,
314 F. Supp. 2d 27 (D.D.C. 2004), 135
Arkansas Ed. Television Comm’n v.
Forbes, 523 U. S. 666 (1998), 585
Armendariz v. Foundation Health
Psychcare Servs., Inc., 6 P.3d 669
(Cal. 2000), 780
Armstrong v. United States, 364 U.S. 40
(1960), 206
Ashcroft v. American Civil Liberties
Union, 535 U.S. 564 (2002), 123, 135,
567, 568
Ashcroft v. American Civil Liber-
ties Union, 542 U.S. 656 (2004), 129,
566, 578
Associated Press v. United States, 326
U.S. 1 (1945), 210, 214, 215
xx TABLE OF CASES
AT & T Techs., Inc. v. Commcn’s Work-
ers of Am., 475 U.S. 643 (1986), 190
AT&T v. City of Portland, 216 F.3d 871
(9th Cir. 2000), 249
Baker v. Gen. Motors Corp., 522 U.S.
222 (1998), 151, 157
Bancroft & Masters Inc. v. Augusta
Nat’l Inc., 223 F.3d 1082 (9th Cir.
2000), 147
Bangoura v. Washington Post, 235
D.L.R. (4th) 564 (Ontario Super. Ct.
Justice 2004), 102
Bantam Books v. Sullivan, 372 U.S. 58
(1962), 607, 608
Barcelona.com Inc. v. Excelentisimo
Ayuntamiento de Barcelona, 330 F.3d
617 (4th Cir. 2003), 299
Barnes v. Yahoo!, Inc., 570 F.3d 1096
(9th Cir. 2009), 440
Barrett v. Rosenthal, 146 P.3d 510 (Cal.
2006), 440
Barrett v. Rosenthal, 9 Cal. Rptr. 3d
142, 152 (Cal. App. 1st Dist. 2004),
439
Batzel v. Smith, 333 F.3d 1018 (9th Cir.
2003), 439, 447
Ben Ezra, Weinstein & Co. v. America
Online, 206 F.3d 980 (10th Cir. 2003),
439, 457
Berger v. New York, 388 U.S. 41 (1967),
324, 666, 673, 674
Bernstein v. United States Department
of State, 922 F. Supp. 1426 (N.D. Cal.
1996), 525
Blumenthal v. Drudge, 992 F. Supp.
44 (D.D.C. 1998), 435, 439, 440
Board of Comm’rs, Wabaunsee Cty. v.
Umbehr, 518 U. S. 668 (1996), 587
Board of Education v. Pico, 457 U.S. 853
(1982), 64, 65, 66, 67, 594, 595
Board of Trustees of Stanford University
v. Sullivan, 773 F. Supp. 472 (D.D.C.
1991), 524
Bolger v. Youngs Drug Products Corp.,
463 U.S. 60 (1983), 559
Bowers v. Baystate Techs., Inc., 320
F.3d 1317 (Fed. Cir. 2003), 186, 761
Boyd v. United States, 116 U.S. 616
(1886), 308, 314
Bragg v. Linden Research, Inc., 487
F. Supp. 2d 593 (E.D. Pa. 2007), 775
Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665
(1972), 215
Broadrick v. Oklahoma, 413 U.S. 601
(1973), 538
Brookfield Commc’ns, Inc. v. West
Coast Entm’t Corp., 174 F.3d 1036
(9th Cir. 1999), 51, 62
Burger King v. Rudzewicz, 471 U.S. 462
(1985), 131
Butler v. Michigan, 352 U.S. 380 (1957),
534, 545, 546, 547, 564
Cable News Network L.P. v.
Cnnews.com, 162 F. Supp. 2d 484
(E.D. Va. 2001), 286
Cable/Home Communication Corp. v.
Network Prods., Inc., 902 F.2d 829
(11th Cir. 1990), 355
Calder v. Jones, 465 U.S. 783 (1984),
132, 134, 137, 138, 140, 141, 145, 146
California v. Ciraolo, 476 U.S. 207
(1986), 315
Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510
U.S. 569 (1994), 353, 720
Canda v. Michigan Malleable Iron Co.,
124 F. 486 (6th Cir. 1903), 367
Carafano v. Metrosplash.com, Inc., 339
F.3d 1119 (9th Cir. 2003), 455, 457
Carlin Commcn’s, Inc. v. FCC, 837 F.2d
546 (1988), 544
Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc. v. Shute, 499
U.S. 585 (1991), 200
Carroll v. United States, 267 U.S. 132
(1925), 317
CBS v. Democratic Nat’l Comm., 412
U.S. 94 (1973), 216
Center for Democracy and Techno-
logy v. Pappert, 337 F. Supp. 2d 606
(E.D. Pa. 2004), 103, 117, 599
Century Commc’ns Corp. v. FCC, 835
F.2d 292 (D.C. Cir. 1987), 217
Chamberlain Group, Inc. v. Skylink
Technologies, 381 F.3d 1178 (Fed. Cir.
2004), 756, 757
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire, 315 U.S.
568 (1942), 400, 538
Chicago Lawyers’ Comm. for Civil
Rights Under Law, Inc., v. Craigs-
list, Inc., 519 F.3d 666 (7th Cir.
2008), 441, 451
Cianci v. New Times Publ’g Co., 639
F.2d 54 (2d Cir. 1980), 421
Citron v. Zündel, T.D. 1/02 2002/01/18
(Canadian Human Rights Trib. Jan.
18, 2002), 159
City of Ladue v. Gilleo, 512 U.S. 43
(1994), 127, 395
City of Ontario v. Quon, 130 S. Ct. 2619
(2010), 332, 333
 TABLE OF CASES
Cmty. Television of Southern California
v. Gottfried, 459 U.S. 498 (1983), 338
Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971),
539, 540, 541
Colgain v. Oy-Partek Ab (In re Asbestos
Litig.), 799 A.2d 1151 (Del. 2002), 404
Columbia Pictures Indus., Inc. v. Fung,
No. 06 Civ. 5578, 2009 U.S. Dist.
LEXIS 122661 (C.D. Cal. Dec. 21,
2009), 478
Comb v. Pay Pal, Inc., 218 F. Supp. 2d
1165 (N.D. Cal. 2002), 199, 778, 779,
780, 781, 782
Comcast Corp. v. F.C.C., 600 F.3d 642
(D.C. Cir. 2010), 250
Commercial Factors Corp. v. Kurtzman
Bros., 131 Cal. App. 2d 133 (1955),
191
CompuServe, Inc. v. Cyber Promotions,
962 F. Supp. 1015 (S.D. Ohio 1997),
31, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 50, 710, 711
Consolidated Cigar Corp. v. Reilly, 218
F.3d 30 (1st Cir. 2000), 117
Corbis Corp. v. Amazon.com, Inc., 351 F.
Supp. 2d 1090 (W.D. Wash. 2004), 477
Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense &
Ed. Fund, Inc., 473 U. S. 788 (1985),
585, 586
CoStar v. LoopNet, Inc., 373 F.3d 544
(4th Cir. 2004), 466, 472
Councilman, United States v., 418 F.3d
67 (1st Cir. 2005) (en banc), 673
Cubby, Inc. v. CompuServe, Inc.,
776 F. Supp 135 (S.D.N.Y. 1991), 420,
424, 425, 433, 439
Cyberspace Commcn’s, Inc. v. Engler, 55
F. Supp. 2d 737 (E.D. Mich. 1999), 117
Dahlstrom, United States v., 713 F.2d
1423 (9th Cir. 1983), 524
Davidson & Assocs. v. Jung, 422 F.3d
630 (8th Cir. 2005), 757
Dawson Chem. Co. v. Rohm & Hass Co.,
448 U.S. 176 (1980), 335
Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc. v. Superior
Court, 259 Cal. Rptr. 789 (1989), 779
Dendrite Int’l v. Doe, 775 A.2d 756 (N.J.
App. Div. 2001), 402
Denver Area Ed. Telecomm.
Consortium, Inc. v. FCC, 518 U.S. 727
(1996), 558, 559, 560
Dial One of the Mid-South, Inc. v.
BellSouth Telecomm., Inc., 269 F.3d
523 (5th Cir. 2001), 495
Doe No. 1 v. Cahill, 884 A.2d 451 (Del.
2005), 399
xxi
Doe v. GTE Corp., 347 F.3d 655 (7th Cir.
2003), 439, 443
Doe v. United States, 253 F.3d 256 (6th
Cir. 2001), 323
Donovan v. Lone Steer, 464 U.S. 408
(1984), 323
Doran v. Salem Inn, Inc., 422 U.S. 922
(1975), 569
DoubleClick Privacy Litig., In re, 154 F.
Supp. 2d 497 (S.D.N.Y.2001), 679
Dow Chemical Co. v. United States, 476
U.S. 277 (1986), 315, 316
Dow Jones & Co., Inc. v. Gutnick
(2002) 210 C.L.R. 575 (Austl.), 102,
146, 617
Drew, United States v., 259 F.R.D. 449
(C.D. Cal. 2009), 746
eBay, Inc. v. Bidder’s Edge, Inc., 100
F. Supp. 2d 1058 (N.D. Cal. 2000), 27,
32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 45, 49, 50,
708, 710, 711, 716, 733
Edelman v. N2H2, No. Civ. A.02CV
11503RGS (D. Mass. Apr. 7, 2003).,
350
Edgar v. MITE Corp., 457 U.S. 624
(1982), 114
EF Cultural Travel BV v. Explorica,
Inc., 274 F.3d 577 (1st Cir. 2003),
741, 745
EF Cultural Travel BV v. Zefer Corp.,
318 F.3d 58 (1st Cir. 2003), 745
Ellison v. Robertson, 357 F.3d 1072 (9th
Cir. 2004), 473
Entick v. Carrington, 19 How. St. Tr.
1029 (K.B. 1765), 667
Erznoznik v. Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205
(1975), 542, 551
ESAB Group, Inc. v. Centricut, Inc., 126
F.3d 617 (4th Cir. 1997), 141
Estin v. Estin, 334 U.S. 541 (1948), 151
Evans v. Newton, 382 U.S. 296 (1966),
204
Ex parte Jackson, 96 U.S. 727 (1878),
308, 309, 326
Expeditors Int’l of Washington, Inc. v.
The Official Creditors Comm. (In re
CFLC. Inc.), 166 F.3d 1012 (9th
Cir.1999), 730
F.M. Corp. v. Corporate Aircraft Mgmt.,
626 F. Supp. 1533 (D. Mass. 1985),
175
Fair Housing Council of San Fer-
nando Valley v. Roommates.com,
LLC, 521 F.3d 1157 (9th Cir. 2008)
(en banc), 444
xxii TABLE OF CASES
Fauntleroy v. Lum, 210 U.S. 230 (1908),
151
FCC v. Pacifica Found., 438 U.S. 726
(1978), 533, 535, 542, 543, 545, 546,
547, 554, 555, 556, 557, 559, 560
Featherston, United States v., 461 F.2d
1119 (5th Cir. 1972), 524
Feist Publications, Inc. v. Rural
Telephone Service Co, Inc., 499 U.S.
340 (1991), 197, 719
Felten v. Recording Indus. Ass’n of Am.,
No. 01 CV 2669 (D.N.J. Nov. 28,
2001), 350
First Options of Chicago, Inc. v. Kaplan,
514 U.S. 938 (1995), 778
Fleetboston Financial Corp. v.
Fleetbostonfinancial.com, 138 F.
Supp. 2d 121 (D. Mass. 2001), 288
Fonovisa, Inc. v. Cherry Auction, Inc.,
76 F.3d 259 (9th Cir. 1996), 355, 357,
358, 416, 463, 502
Fort Wayne Books, Inc. v. Indiana, 489
U.S. 46 (1989), 607, 608
Franks & Son, Inc. v. Washington, 966
P.2d 1232 (Wash. 1998), 111
Fraser v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 135
F. Supp. 2d 623, aff’d on other
grounds, 351 F.3d 107 (3rd Cir. 2003),
678
Freedman v. Maryland, 380 U.S. 51
(1965), 607
Ga. High Sch. Ass’n v. Waddell, 285 S.E.
2d 7 (Ga. 1981), 880
Garrison v. Louisiana, 379 U.S. 64
(1964), 210
Gershwin Publ’g Corp. v. Columbia
Artists Mgmt., Inc., 443 F.2d 1159 (2d
Cir.1971), 355, 461
Gibbons v. Ogden, 9 Wheat. 1, 231
(1824), 105
Ginsberg v. New York, 390 U.S. 629
(1968), 533, 540, 542, 545, 554, 555,
560, 564, 565, 578
GlobalSantaFe Corp. v. Global-
santafe.com, 250 F. Supp. 2d 610
(E.D. Va. 2003), 289, 298, 299
Goldman v. United States, 316 U.S. 129
(1942), 310, 311
Gonzales v. Google, 234 F.R.D. 674
(N.D. Cal. 2006), 688
Green v. America Online, 318 F.3d 465
(3d Cir. 2003), 439
Gucci Am., Inc. v. Hall & Assocs., 135 F.
Supp. 2d 409 (S.D.N.Y. 2001), 495
Gutierrez v. Autowest, Inc., 7 Cal. Rptr.
3d 267 (2003), 779
Hamling v. United States, 418 U.S. 87
(1974), 122, 124
Handelsblatt v. Paperboy, Bundesge-
richtshof [BGH] [Federal Court of
Justice] July 17, 2003, No. 1 ZR
259/00, [2005] E.C.D.R. 7, 729
Hanson v. Denckla, 357 U.S. 235 (1958),
131
Hard Rock Café Licensing Corp. v.
Concession Servs., Inc., 955 F.2d 1143,
(7th Cir. 1992), 502
Harris v. McRae, 448 U. S. 297 (1980),
588
Hawes v. Network Solutions, Inc., 337
F.3d 377 (4th Cir. 2003), 299
Heckenkamp, United States v., 482 F.3d
1142 (9th Cir. 2007), 326, 327, 328
Helicopteros Nacionales de Colombia,
S.A. v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408 (1984), 145
Hendrickson v. Amazon.com, Inc., 298
F. Supp. 2d 914 (C.D. Cal. 2003), 481
Henry v. A.B. Dick Co., 224 U.S. 1
(1912), 336
Herceg v. Hustler Magazine, Inc., 814
F.2d 1017, 1020-25 (5th Cir. 1987),
524
Heroes, Inc. v. Heroes Found., 958 F.
Supp. 1 (D.D.C. 1996), 135
Hess v. Pawloski, 274 U.S. 352 (1927),
130
Hill v. Colorado, 530 U.S. 703 (2000),
526, 528
Hilton v. Guyot, 159 U.S. 113 (1895),
157
Hodge v. Mountain States Tel. & Tel.
Co., 555 F.2d 254 (9th Cir. 1977), 682
Holiday Inns, Inc. v. 800 Reservation, 86
F.3d 619 (6th Cir. 1997), 57
Hudgens v. NLRB, 424 U.S. 507 (1976),
204
Humphrey v. Granite Gate Resorts, Inc.,
568 N.W.2d 715 (Minn. 1997), 135
Hy Cite Corp. v. Badbusinessbureau.
com, 297 F. Supp. 2d 1154 (W.D. Wis.
2004), 137
Hy Cite Corp. v. Badbusinessbureau.
com, 418 F. Supp. 2d 1142 (D. Ariz.
2005), 457
Illinois Bd. of Elections v. Socialist
Workers Party, 440 U.S. 173 (1979),
576
In re Aimster Copyright Litig., 334 F.3d
643 (7th Cir. 2003), 360, 378
 TABLE OF CASES
In re Application of the United States of
America for a Search Warrant for
Contents of Electronic Mail, 665 F.
Supp. 2d 1210 (D. Or. 2009), 331
In re Charter Commc’ns, Inc., 393 F.3d
771 (8th Cir. 2005), 410
In re Commc’ns Assistance for Law
Enforcement Act and Broadband
Access Servs., 20 F.C.C.R. 14,989
(Aug. 5, 2005), 381
In re Nat’l Sec. Agency Telecomms.
Records Litig., 633 F. Supp. 2d 949
(N.D. Cal. 2009), 690
In re Subpoena Duces Tecum to
America Online, Inc., 52 Va. Cir.
26, 2000 WL 1210372 (Vir. Cir. 2000),
397, 402, 407, 415
In the Matters of Appropriate Frame-
work for Broadband Access to the
Internet Over Wireline Facilities, 20
F.C.C.R. 14,853 (2005), 250
In the Matters of Formal Complaint of
Free Press and Public Knowledge
Against Comcast Corp. for Secretly
Degrading Peer-to-Peer Applications,
23 F.C.C.R. 13,028 (2008), 250
Instructional Sys., Inc. v. Computer Cur-
riculum Corp., 35 F.3d 813 (3d Cir.
1994), 114, 135
Int’l Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S.
310 (1945), 130, 131, 133, 148, 285,
288, 291
Int’l Soc. for Krishna Consciousness,
Inc. v. Lee, 505 U. S. 672 (1992), 585
Intel Corp. v. Hamidi, 71 P.3d 296
(Cal. 2003), 36, 710
Inwood Labs., Inc. v. Ives Labs., Inc.,
456 U.S. 844 (1982), 501, 502, 503,
504, 505, 506, 507, 514
Io Group, Inc. v. Veoh Networks, Inc.,
586 F. Supp. 2d 1132 (N.D. Cal. 2008),
479
Ira S. Bushey & Sons, Inc. v. United
States, 398 F.2d 167 (2d Cir. 1968),
417, 420
J.K. Harris & Co. v. Kassel, 253 F. Supp.
2d 1120 (N.D. Cal. 2003), 62
Jacobsen, United States v., 466 U.S. 109
(1984), 323
Jefferson Cnty. Sch. Dist. No. R-1 v.
Moody’s Investor’s Servs., Inc., 175
F.3d 848 (10th Cir. 1999), 231, 232
Junger v. Daley, 209 F.3d 481 (6th Cir.
2000), 523
xxiii
Kalem Co. v. Harper Bros., 222 U.S. 55
(1911), 334, 335, 339
Karo, United States v., 468 U.S. 705
(1984), 316
Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347
(1967), 309, 313, 315, 316, 319, 324,
325, 326, 327, 328, 332, 380, 626, 629,
666, 673, 674, 679, 681, 683, 688, 693
Kelly v. Arriba Soft Corp., 280 F.3d 934
(9th Cir. 2002), 721, 728, 729
Konop v. Hawaiian Airlines, Inc., 302
F.3d 868 (9th Cir. 2002), 674
Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27
(2001), 313, 319
La Ligue Contre le Racisme et l’An-
tisémitisme v. Yahoo!, Inc. (Super.
Ct. Paris, May 22, 2000), 77, 99, 119,
128, 163
Lehman v. Shaker Heights, 418 U.S. 298
(1974), 541
Lerman v. Chuckleberry Publ’g, Inc.,
521 F. Supp. 228 (S.D.N.Y. 1981), 421
Lerman v. Flynt Distrib. Co., 745 F.2d
123 (2d Cir. 1984), 422
Lewis v. King, [2004] EWCA (Civ) 1329
(Eng.), 102, 138
Lexmark Int’l, Inc. v. Static Control
Components, Inc., 387 F.3d 522 (6th
Cir. 2004), 748, 756, 757, 763
Local Number 93, International
Association of Firefighters v. City of
Cleveland, 478 U.S. 501 (1986), 812,
814
Lockheed Martin Corp. v. Network
Solutions, Inc., 194 F.3d 980 (9th Cir.
1999), 502
Los Angeles v. Preferred Commc’ns,
Inc., 476 U.S. 488 (1986), 220
Louis Vuitton Malletier S.A. v. eBay
Inc., Case No. 2006077799, Commer-
cial Court of Paris, June 30, 2008, 507
Mainstream Loudoun v. Bd. of
Trustees of the Loudoun Cnty.
Public Library, 2 F. Supp. 2d 783
(E.D. Va. 1998), 63, 596
Marin Storage & Trucking, Inc. v. Benco
Trucking & Eng’g, Inc., 107 Cal. Rptr.
2d 645 (Cal. App. 1st Dist. 2001), 191
Maritz Inc. v. CyberGold, Inc., 947 F.
Supp. 1328 (E.D. Mo. 1996), 134, 135
Marsh v. Alabama, 326 U.S. 501 (1946),
204
Matthew Bender & Co. v. West Publ’g
Co., 158 F.3d 693 (2d Cir. 1998), 355
xxiv TABLE OF CASES
McAvoy v. Shufrin, 401 Mass. 593
(1987), 175
McCulloch v. Maryland, 4 Wheat. 316
(1819), 307
MCI Commc’ns Corp. v. Am. Tel. and
Tel. Co., 708 F.2d 1081 (7th Cir.
1983), 245
McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm’n, 514
U.S. 334 (1995), 394, 395, 396, 398,
400
Media3 Technologies, LLC v. Mail
Abuse Prevention Sys., LLC, No.
00-CV-12524-MEL, 2001 WL 92389
(D. Mass. 2001), 173
MediaOne Group, Inc. v. Cnty. of
Henrico, 57 F.3d 356 (4th Cir. 2001),
250
Metro-Goldwyn Mayer Studios Inc.
v. Grokster, Ltd., 545 U.S. 913
(2005), 360, 378, 478
Meyer v. Nebraska, 262 U.S. 390 (1923),
535
MGE UPS Sys., Inc. v. GE Consumer &
Indus., Inc., 612 F.3d 760 (6th Cir.
2010), 757
Miami Herald Publ'g Co. v. Tornillo,
418 U.S. 241 (1974), 212, 216, 217,
220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 226, 228, 244,
251, 260, 539
Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973),
118, 121, 123, 126, 324, 325, 326, 327,
328, 524, 558, 559, 683, 692
Miller, United States v., 425 U.S. 435
(1976), 323
Milliken v. Meyer, 311 U.S. 457 (1940),
133
Milwaukee County v. M.E. White Co.,
296 U.S. 268 (1935), 151
Mobil Oil Corp. v. Pegasus Petroleum
Corp., 818 F.2d 254 (2d Cir. 1987), 56
Morris, United States v., 928 F.2d 504
(2d Cir. 1991), 738, 740, 745
Moshe D., In re (Court of Cassation,
Italy, Dec. 27, 2000), 102
Motion Picture Patents Co. v. Universal
Film Mfg. Co., 243 U.S. 502 (1917),
336
Munn v. Illinois, 94 U.S. 113 (1876), 247
Nagrampa v. MailCoups, Inc., 469 F.3d
1257 (9th Cir. 2006), 778
National Broad. Co. v. United States,
319 U.S. 190 (1943), 209, 220
National Cable & Telecomm. Ass’n v.
Brand X Internet Servs., 545 U.S. 967
(2005), 250
National Endowment for Arts v. Finley,
524 U. S. 569 (1998), 585, 592
Near v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 697 (1931),
608, 609
Nelson v. American-West African Line,
86 F.2d 730 (2d Cir. 1936), 418
Net Global Mktg. v. Dialtone, Inc., 217
Fed. Appx. 598 (9th Cir. 2007), 780
New York Tel. Co., United States v., 434
U.S. 159 (1977), 380, 680, 681, 682
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376
U.S. 254 (1964), 216, 240, 622
New York Times Co. v. United States,
403 U.S. 713 (1971), 241
Noble State Bank v. Haskell, 219 U.S.
104 (1911), 535
O’Brien, United States v., 391 U.S. 367
(1968), 224, 227, 228, 529, 550, 606
Official Airline Guides, Inc. v. Goss, 6
F.3d 1385 (9th Cir. 1993), 55
Olmstead v. United States, 277 U.S.
438 (1928), 306, 310, 311, 312, 313,
332
Online Policy Group v. Diebold, Inc., 337
F. Supp. 2d 1195 (N.D. Cal. 2004), 482
OptInRealBig.com v. IronPort Systems,
Inc., 323 F. Supp. 2d 1037 (N.D. Cal.
2004), 440
Osborn v. United States, 385 U.S. 323
(1967), 311, 312
Pacific Gas & Elec. Co. v. Public Util.
Comm’n of Cal., 475 U.S. 1 (1986),
225, 226
Palsgraf v. Long Island R.R. Co., 248
N.Y. 339 (1928), 419
Parisi v. Netlearning, Inc., 139 F.
Supp.2d 745 (E.D. Va. 2001), 283
Par-Knit Mills, Inc. v. Stockbridge
Fabrics Co., Ltd., 636 F.2d 51 (3d
Cir.1980), 778
Payton v. New York, 445 U.S. 573
(1980), 317
Pennoyer v. Neff, 95 U.S. 714 (1877),
129, 130
People for the Ethical Treatment of
Animals (PETA) v. Doughney, 263
F.3d 359 (4th Cir. 2001), 61
People v. Barrows, 177 Misc. 2d 712,
729, 677 N.Y.S.2d 672 (N.Y. 1998),
120
Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC, 488 F.3d
1102 (9th Cir. 2007), 476, 481
Perry v. Sindermann, 408 U. S. 593
(1972), 587
 TABLE OF CASES
PGA Tour, Inc. v. Martin, 532 U.S. 661
(2001), 880
Phibbs, United States v., 999 F.2d 1053
(6th Cir. 1993), 323, 324, 326, 327, 329
Philadelphia & Reading Ry. Co. v.
McKibbin, 243 U.S. 264 (1917), 130
Phillips Petroleum Co v. Shutts, 472
U.S. 797 (1985), 91
Pike v. Bruce Church, Inc., 397 U.S. 137
(1970), 108, 111, 112, 113, 114, 116,
117, 118
Place, United States v., 462 U.S. 696
(1983), 318
Planned Parenthood Fed’n of Am. v.
Bucci, 42 U.S.P.Q.2d 1430 (S.D.N.Y.
1997), 61
Playboy Enters., Inc. v. Netscape
Commc’ns Corp., 354 F.3d 1020 (9th
Cir. 2004), 60
Playboy Entm’t Group, United States v.,
529 U.S. 803 (2000), 566, 568, 571,
572, 576, 577, 604, 605, 606
Police Dept. of Chicago v. Mosley, 408
U.S. 92 (1972), 550
Polymer Tech. Corp. v. Mimran, 37 F.3d
74 (2d Cir. 1994), 502
Polymer Tech. Corp. v. Mimran, 975
F.2d 58, 64 (2d Cir. 1992), 502
Prince v. Massachusetts, 321 U.S. 158
(1944), 535
ProCD, Inc. v. Zeidenberg, 86 F.3d
1447 (7th Cir. 1996), 184, 186, 187,
192, 193, 195, 708
Progressive, Inc., United States v., 467
F. Supp. 990 (W.D. Wis. 1979), 524
Promatek Indus., Ltd. v. Equitrac Corp.,
300 F.3d 808 (7th Cir. 2002), 59
PruneYard Shopping Ctr. v. Robins, 447
U.S. 74 (1980), 206, 207
PSINet, Inc. v. Chapman, 362 F.3d 227
(4th Cir. 2004), 116
Purdue Research Found. v. Sanofi-
Synthelabo, S.A., 338 F.3d 773 (7th
Cir. 2003), 144
Qualitex Co. v. Jacobson Products Co.,
Inc., 514 U.S. 159 (1995), 55
Quincy Cable TV, Inc. v. FCC, 768 F.2d
1434 (D.C. Cir. 1985), 217
R. A. V. v. St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992),
568
Raymond, United States v., 228 F.3d 804
(7th Cir. 2000), 524
Real Networks, Inc. v. Streambox,
Inc., 2000 WL 127311 (W.D. Wash.
2000), 343, 765
xxv
Recording Indus. Ass’n of Am. v.
Diamond Multimedia Sys., Inc., 180
F.3d 1072 (9th Cir. 1999), 354
Recording Indus. Ass’n of Am., Inc. v.
Verizon Internet Servs., Inc., 257 F.
Supp. 2d 244 (D.D.C. 2003), 413
Recording Indus. Ass’n of Am., Inc. v.
Verizon Internet Servs., Inc., 351 F.3d
1229 (D.C. Cir. 2003), 409, 410, 413
Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC,
395 U.S. 367 (1969), 207, 216, 217,
220, 221, 244, 528, 539, 556
Regan v. Taxation With Representation
of Wash., 461 U. S. 540 (1983), 588
Register.com, Inc. v. Verio, Inc., 126 F.
Supp. 2d 238 (S.D.N.Y. 2000), 39
Register.com, Inc. v. Verio, Inc., 356
F.3d 393 (2d Cir. 2004), 193, 722, 729,
730, 731, 732, 733
Rehberg v. Paulk, 598 F.3d 1268 (11th
Cir. 2010), 330, 331
Religious Tech. Ctr. v. Netcom On-
Line Commc’n Services, Inc., 907
F. Supp. 1361 (N.D. Cal. 1995), 356,
357, 458, 466, 472, 473
Religious Tech. Ctr. v. Netcom On-line
Commc’n Servs., 923 F. Supp. 1231
(N.D. Cal. 1995), 465
Reno v. American Civil Liberties
Union, 521 U.S. 844 (1997), 66, 119,
123, 426, 552, 565, 566, 567, 569, 571,
591, 592, 609
Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc.,
475 U.S. 41 (1986), 533, 548, 554, 556
Richardson v. Schwarzenegger, [2004]
EWHC (QB) 2422 (Eng.), 102
Riley v. Moyed, 529 A.2d 248 (Del.
1987)., 405
Riley v. National Fed’n of Blind of N.C.,
Inc., 487 U.S. 781 (1988), 220
Rosenberger v. Rector and Visitors of
Univ. of Va., 515 U. S. 819 (1995), 586
Rossi v. Motion Picture Ass’n of Am.,
391 F.3d 1000 (9th Cir. 2004), 482
Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476
(1957), 524, 534
Rust v. Sullivan, 500 U. S. 173 (1991),
588, 592
Sable Commc’ns of Cal. v. FCC, 492
U.S. 115 (1989), 122, 228, 525, 533,
543, 557, 559, 563, 572
Schaumburg v. Citizens for a Better
Env’t, 444 U.S. 620 (1980), 545
Schneider v. Amazon.com, 31 P.3d 37
(Wash. App. Div. 1 2001), 457
xxvi TABLE OF CASES
Schneider v. State of N.J. (Town of
Irvington), 308 U.S. 147 (1939), 562
Search King, Inc. v. Google Techno-
logy, Inc., No. CIV-02-1457-M, 2003
WL 21464568 (W.D. Okl. May 27,
2003), 230, 232, 235, 238, 239
SEC v. Jerry T. O’Brien, Inc., 467 U.S.
735 (1984), 328
Sec. and Exch. Comm’n v. Banner Fund
Int’l, 211 F.3d 602 (D.C. Cir. 2000),
298
Sega Enters. v. Accolade, Inc., 977 F.2d
1510 (9th Cir. 1992), 719, 720
Select Theatres Corp. v. Ronzoni
Macaroni Corp., 59 U.S.P.Q. 288
(S.D.N.Y. 1943), 463
Shaffer v. Heitner, 433 U.S. 186 (1977),
133, 287, 288
Shea v. Reno, 930 F. Supp. 916
(S.D.N.Y. 1996), 565
Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1 (1948),
158
Silverman v. United States, 365 U.S. 505
(1961), 310, 314, 316
Simons, United States v., 206 F.3d 392
(4th Cir. 2000), 326, 327, 328
Smith v. Maryland, 442 U.S. 735
(1979), 324, 325, 326, 680
Smolik v. Philadelphia & Reading Co.,
222 F. 148 (S.D.N.Y. 1915), 130
Sony Computer Entm’t, Inc. v. Connec-
tix Corp., 203 F.3d 596 (9th Cir.
2000), 719, 720
Sony Corp. of Am. v. Universal City
Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417 (1984),
334, 346, 347, 348, 349, 354, 355, 356,
357, 359, 360, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369,
370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377,
378, 461, 505
Sony Music Entm’t, Inc. v. Does 1-
40, 326 F. Supp. 2d 556 (S.D.N.Y.
2004), 412
South Dakota v. Dole, 483 U. S. 203
(1987), 584
Southeastern Promotions, Ltd. v.
Conrad, 420 U.S. 546 (1975), 556
Specht v. Netscape Commc’ns
Corp., 306 F.3d 17 (2d Cir. 2002),
187, 193, 194, 726, 727
Spence v. Washington, 418 U.S. 405
(1974), 526
Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557 (1969),
541
State of New York v. Network
Associates, 758 N.Y.S.2d 466 (N.Y.
Sup. Ct. 2003), 187
Step-Saver Data Sys., Inc. v. Wyse Tech.,
939 F.2d 91 (3d Cir. 1991), 195, 730
Steve Jackson Games, Inc. v. United
States Secret Serv., 36 F.3d 457 (5th
Cir. 1994), 674
Stratton Oakmont, Inc. v. Prodigy
Servs. Co., 1995 WL 323710 (N.Y.
Sup. Ct. May 24, 1995), 423, 426, 428,
431, 433, 434, 440, 445
Strick Corp. v. Strickland, 162 F. Supp.
2d 372 (E.D. Pa. 2001), 59
Talley v. California, 362 U.S. 60 (1960),
395
Telco Commc’ns v. An Apple a Day, 977
F. Supp. 404 (E.D. Va. 1997), 135
Theofel v. Farey-Jones, 359 F.3d 1066
(9th Cir. 2004), 677, 679
Thrifty-Tel v. Bezenek, 54 Cal. Rptr. 2d
468 (1996), 30, 37, 39, 47
Ticketmaster Corp. v. Tickets.com,
Inc., No. CV 99-7654, 2003 WL
21406289 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 7, 2003),
717, 728, 729
Ticketmaster Corp. v. Tickets.com, Inc.,
No. CV 99-7654, 2000 WL 525390
(C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2000), 193
Ticketmaster Corp. v. Tickets.com, Inc.,
No. CV99-7654, 2000 WL 1887522
(C.D. Cal. Aug. 10, 2000), 39, 726, 727
Tiffany (NJ) Inc. v. eBay Inc., 600
F.3d 93 (2d Cir. 2010), 477, 478, 496
Tiffany (NJ) Inc. v. eBay, Inc., 576 F.
Supp. 2d 463 (S.D.N.Y. 2008), 496
Ting v. AT&T, 319 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir.
2003), 781, 782
Toys “R” Us, Inc. v. Step Two, S.A., 318
F.3d 446 (3d Cir. 2003), 147
Turner Broad. Sys., Inc. v. FCC, 512
U.S. 622 (1994), 217, 228, 229, 244,
251, 260, 526, 529, 572
Turner Broad. Sys., Inc. v. FCC, 516
U.S. 1110 (1996), 229
Turner Broad. Sys., Inc. v. FCC, 910 F.
Supp. 734 (D.D.C. 1995), 229
uBid, Inc. v. The GoDaddy Group,
Inc., 673 F. Supp. 2d 621 (N.D. Ill.
2009), 142, 150
UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Veoh Net-
works, Inc., 665 F. Supp. 2d 1099
(C.D. Cal. 2009), 476, 480
United States District Court for the
Eastern District of Michigan (Keith,
 TABLE OF CASES
J.), United States v., 407 U.S. 297
(1972), 688
United States Telecom Ass’n v. FCC,
227 F.3d 450 (D.C. Cir. 2000), 381
Universal City Studios v. Corley,
273 F.3d 429 (2d Cir. 2001), 349, 503,
522, 530, 531, 755
Universal Commc’n Sys., Inc. v. Lycos,
Inc., 478 F.3d 413 (1st Cir. 2007), 439
Vance v. Universal Amusement Co., 445
U.S. 308 (1980), 608
Vault v. Quaid Software Ltd., 847 F.2d
255 (5th Cir. 1988), 761
Viacom Int'l Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.,
Nos. 07 Civ. 2103, 07 Civ. 3582, __ F.
Supp. 2d __, 2010 WL 2532404
(S.D.N.Y. June 23, 2010), 474
Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.,
272 U.S. 365 (1926), 307, 540
Virginia Pharmacy Bd. v. Virginia Citi-
zens Consumer Council, Inc., 425 U.S.
748 (1976), 550
Ward v. Rock Against Racism, 491 U.S.
781 (1989), 227, 228, 526, 529
Warden v. Hayden, 387 U.S. 294 (1967),
310
Warshak v. United States, 490 F.3d
455 (6th Cir. 2007), 320, 330, 331
Warshak v. United States, 532 F.3d 521
(6th Cir. 2008) (en banc), 330
Warshak, United States v., No. 1:06-CR-
00111, 2007 WL 4410237 (S.D. Ohio
Dec. 13, 2007), 330
xxvii
Washington v. Heckel, 24 P.3d 404
(Wash. 2001), 110, 111, 112, 113, 114,
115, 116
Watchtower Bible & Tract Soc. of N. Y.,
Inc. v. Village of Stratton, 536 U. S.
150 (2002), 591
Weems v. United States, 217 U.S. 349
(1910), 307, 308
Windsor Mills, Inc. v. Collins & Aikman
Corp., 25 Cal. App. 3d 987 (1972), 191,
192
Wong Sun v. United States, 371 U.S. 471
(1963), 312
World-Wide Volkswagen Corp. v.
Woodson, 444 U.S. 286 (1980), 131
Yahoo!, Inc. v. La Ligue Contre le
Racisme et l’Antisémitisme, 169 F.
Supp. 2d 1181 (N.D. Cal. 2001), 152,
159
Yahoo!, Inc. v. La Ligue Contre le
Racisme et l’Antisémitisme, 433 F.3d
1199 (9th Cir. 2006), 158
Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc.,
427 U.S. 50 (1976), 549, 550, 551, 556
Young v. New Haven Advocate, 315
F.3d 256 (4th Cir. 2002), 138, 146, 150
Zeran v. America Online, Inc., 129
F.3d 327 (4th Cir. 1997), 429, 438,
439, 440
Zippo Mfg. v. Zippo Dot Com, 952 F.
Supp. 1119 (W.D. Pa. 1997), 136, 137