TOPICS FOR EMERGENCIES FOR REVALIDA

1. CARDIOPULMONARY-CEREBRAL RESUSCITATION: Phases, objectives, steps.

Discuss one phase. Describe the principle, basic technique/s of endotracheal intubation
2. SHOCK: definition of shock. Enumerate the types of shock, discuss the etiology of each.
Discuss pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and management of at least one (1)
type. Pages 48-49, 41-45, 132-134
3. STATUS ASTHMATICUS/ACUTE ASTHMA: definition of terms, pathophysiology,
precipitating factors, clinical manifestations and management. Pages 13-22
4. ANAPHYLAXIS: definition, etiologic agents, clinical manifestations, diagnosis,
differential diagnosis, management, prevention. Pages 35-40
5. CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: definition, etiopathogenesis, clinical
manifestations, diagnosis and management. Pages 46-47, 106-108
6. ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: definition, pathologic types, clinical
manifestations, diagnosis, complications, differential diagnosis
7. ANGINA PECTORIS: definition, etiology, precipitating factors, differentiate between
stable, unstable and variant angina as to pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria and therapy
8. CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS (DYSARRHYTHMIAS): definition, classification,
ECG characteristics, etiology and treatment of life-threatening types
9. HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS: definition, clinical settings considered as emergencies and
urgencies, management
10. PERINATAL ASPHYXIA: definition, diagnostic criteria, etiology, sequence of events,
perinatal assessment of risk, and management
11. RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME: definition, incidence, risk factors,
pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prevention,
treatment, complications and prognosis
12. ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (ARDS): definition, causes,
clinical stages, diagnosis and treatment
13. UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION: definition, etiopathogenesis, clinical
manifestations, diagnosis and management. Pages 90-94, 299. Discuss
indications/procedure for tracheostomy. Page 374
14. DIARRHEAL DISEASES AND DEHYDRATION: definition, assessment of
dehydration, and management
15. GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and
treatment. Pages 60-68, 95-96, 234-236
16. INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN: etiology, clinical
manifestations, diagnosis and treatment for one type. Pages 252-260
17. INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION (ADULT): definition, causes, clinical manifestations,
diagnosis and treatment.
18. ACUTE INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTIONS: syndromes, pathophysiology,
conditions associated with secondary infections, etiologic agents, manifestations,
diagnosis and treatment
19. ACUTE ABDOMEN: clinical manifestations, recognition, diagnosis and treatment of at
least 2 gastro-intestinal causes
20. ACUTE SUPPURATIVE ASCENDING CHOLANGITIS: definition, etiology,
diagnosis and treatment
21. ACUTE PANCREATITIS: etiology, pathophysiology, manifestations, diagnosis,
criteria of severity and treatment
22. ACUTE HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: definition, etiology, precipitating factors,
manifestations, major features, complications, and treatment
23. DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS: definition, etiology, clinical manifestations,
management, monitoring, education of patients/family. Pages 50-51, 135-137
24. BLEEDING IN PREGNANCY: causes, diagnosis and management, general measures.
Pages 183-189
25. HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY: causes, diagnosis, management including
complications. Pages 183-189
26. SEIZURES IN PREGNANCY: causes, diagnosis and management
27. OB/GYN CAUSES OF ACUTE ABDOMEN: definition, clinical manifestations.
OB/Gyne causes. Discuss any 2 specific conditions in detail including management.
Pages 192-195
28. ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING: etiology, predisposing factors, diagnosis,
management
29. HEAD INJURIES: classification, principles of neurologic evaluation and management
30. MAXILLO FACIAL INJURIES: causes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and
management according to site of injury. Discuss one
31. THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR TRAUMA: classification of thoracic,
cardiac and vascular trauma and management. Describe the principles, procedures of
thoracentesis/thoracostomy. Pericardiocentesis. Pages 97+
32. ABDOMINAL TRAUMA: types, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and specific
management of at least 2 GI organ injuries. Pages 211-216. describe the
procedure/indications for peritoneal lavage.
33. GENITO URINARY TRAUMA: types of injuries, causes, clinical manifestations
according to site, diagnosis and treatment
34. FRACTURES: definition of open and closed fractures, etiology, clinical manifestations,
diagnosis and emergency treatment
35. BURNS (THERMAL): degree, emergency care, classification, indications for outpatient
care or hospital treatment, ethical dimensions of management
36. OCULAR TRAUMA: causes, history, PE and treatment
37. FOREIGN MATERIAL OCULAR INJURY: causes, clinical manifestations and
treatment
38. ACUTE URINARY RETENTION: definition, etiology, clinical manifestations and
treatment. Describe the technique of urethral catheterization
39. ACUTE SCROTAL PAIN: definition, differential diagnosis, etiopathogenesis, and
treatment and complications
40. EPISTAXIS: types according to site, causes, management
41. FOREIGN BODY IN THE ESOPHAGUS/AIRWAY: clinical manifestations,
differential diagnosis and management
42. STATUS EPILEPTICUS: definition, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations and
management, diagnosis
43. INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE: causes, clinical manifestations, and
treatment
44. DOG BITES: management of dogbites, rabies, clinical manifestations, management
45. SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION: causes, clinical syndromes, diagnostic tools and
treatment
46. TETANUS: etiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, treatment. Page 244
(table 1), page 161
47. PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCIES: definition, assessment and types, discuss the mode
of presentation and management of anyone one (1) type