Composition Czechoslovakia

The history of the former Czechoslovakia is an interesting example of political

conflict resolution, for it encompass the disintegration of this country in 1993
peacefully, what constituted an alternative approach to disintegration. It was different,
for example, former Yugoslavia’ bloody process of disintegration, which occurred in a
similar period. The historical background period of the former Czechoslovakia, its
creation, Communist Revolution, redemocratization, disintegration and the current
history of the Czech and Slovakia give us important lessons to reflection about our own
Brazilian historical process.
The Czechoslovakia was constituted of the Austro-Hungarian Empire’s division
in 1980, after of the First World War. The new country and gathered two nations,
Czechs and Slovaks, as well as other ethnic minorities. The territory embraced the
current Czech, Slovakia and the Ruthenia’s ones. The Slovaks resented of the Czechs’
prominence and proclaimed an Independent State during the Second World War. The
leader this State was Father Joseph Tiso, Nazi Germany’ sympathizer. However the
country was reunited after the Second World War and the Ruthenia was transferred to
the Soviet Union. In 1948 the communists had taken power and the Czechoslovakia
joined the Soviet Union’ sphere and the Iron Curtain.
The world knew an admirable movement for more freedom in 1968, the Prague
Spring, which was severely repressed by Soviets. Nevertheless, the Czechoslovakian
endeavors were not void, because in 1980s Gorbatchev took over in the Soviet Union
and his liberalizing reforms were inspired in Prague Spring’ ones. The Soviet new Commented [D1]: As traduções vêm mesmo sem apóstrofo
entre Prague e Spring, mas eu coloquei depois para sinalizar que as
policy of tolerance enabled the Czechoslovakia to make its own redemocratization in reformas de Prague Spring que inspiraram as reformas do
Gorbatchev. Dá para entender isso?
1989 by means Velvet Revolution, a pacific process. In 1993 happened a
Czechoslovakia’s division in Czech and Slovakia, encouraged by politicians, known as
the Velvet Divorce, which also had a friendly development.
Czech and Slovakia had adhered to European Union in 2004, thus confirming
this new phase in history of two countries. Both States are developed and have
advanced economies. They have opened their markets, have done big privatizations and
have been participating in Schengen Agreements, leading to their opening frontier. The
two republics have a strong assets in education and draw foreign direct investment
(FDI). The Czech conquered an important asset in 2007, a creation of the Institute for
the Study of Totalitarian Regimes to study the history of the Nazi and Communist had
deployed in Czechoslovakia. It is a formidable example of the importance of the
memory to avoid repeating the same errors.
Whilst we see many political conflicts, the Czechoslovakia and its new republics
are sample of exercise of sovereignty, self determinism and successful struggle for
democracy and development.