Introduction: Tock model.

Basically Tick represents

advances in process technology[65nm –
Today the World wants to be more Techie. 45nm]. With faster, intelligent multi-core
So to reach to the acme position people technology that dynamically accelerates
want to be more efficient and skilful i.e. performance to match your workload.
this new environment has more far- Quad core processing of core i7 provides
reaching technological advances and we as four complete execution cores in a single
a consumer have adjusted ourselves to this processor package. Four dedicated
quicker pace. It all started with 4-bit physical cores help operating systems and
processors from INTEL i.e. 4004[first applications deliver additional
single chip microprocessor] and then came performance, so users can experience
to i7[64-bit processor]. As predicted by better multitasking performance across
Gordon Moore[Co-Founder of INTEL] many types of applications.
one such need fulfilled by INTEL in
doubling the processing speed of
computers every 18 months has being
successful. Presently, INTEL worked on
45 nm Technology[ i7 Processor ] is more
faster then the previous generation
processors. This allows Transistors to be
packed more densely, leak less energy,
produce less heat and switch faster which
leads to processors that run faster, use less
power and are more energy efficient. This
made researchers to develop various
technologies to mount millions of
transistor on a single chip of a design.
More number of transistors on a single
chip better the performance of the chip.

The Design of the core i7 codenamed

Nehalem in the lab consists of number of
innovations such as introducing Power
gate transistors, Power management i.e.
Turbo boost Technology[Dynamic
performance automatically], Hyper
threading Technology and lastly more
frames per second[Fast Gaming action].
New Microarchitecture is used in
designing core i7 i.e. Nehalem
Microarchitecture. Microarchitecture is the
way a given instruction set
architecture(ISA) is implemented on a
processor. Intel delivers its chips on Tick
Features:

1) Turbo Boost
Technology[Dynamic
performance]

Core i7 provides four complete

execution cores. Historically Intel set
the frequency targets of the processor
they assumed that every processor is
running a high performance
application simultaneously. They
considered Multi-threaded applications
where each core is running certain
applications and the Activity of each of
this core is different. The purpose of
Turbo Boost Technology is to take
advantage when the cores are idle and And if single threaded application comes
turn it that into higher frequency on the into picture only one core works on turbo
other core. mode and the rest of the cores are idle.
This is how the power management takes
place also it brings optimal energy
efficiency to new desktop computers.

On the other hand if two single threaded

applications come into picture than two
cores work on turbo mode which
dynamically increases processors speed
and the other two cores are idle.
2) Hyper-Threading Technology

The term Hyper-Threading

Technology means simultaneous
multithreading in its Core i7.

Hyper-threading is an Intel-
proprietary technology used to
improve parallelization of
computations(doing multiple tasks
at once) performed on PC
microprocessors. For each
Processor core that is physically
present, the operating system
addresses two virtual processors,
and shares the workload between When execution resources would
them when possible. Hyper- not be used by the current task in a
threading works by duplicating processor without hyper-threading ,
certain sections of the processor- and especially when the processor
those that store the architectural is stalled, a hyper-threading
state- [architectural state is a part equipped processor can use those
of CPU which holds the state of execution resources to execute
process which include control and another scheduled task.
general purpose registers] but not
duplicating the main execution
resources. This allows a hyper-
threading processor to appear as
two “logical” processors to the host
operating system, allowing the
operating system to schedule two
processes simultaneously.
3) Integrated Power Gate[Enabling
Energy Efficient Integration] Lower latency and higher memory
bandwidth improves performance
for data intensive applications also
allocates large cache to match the
One of the major benefits of
needs of each core. Efficient data
Nehalem on the desktop is that it is
storage and manipulation.
extremely efficient. We can finally
get high-performance laptop CPUs
that don’t kill battery life. If you
are only doing minor document
editing, your Quad-core processor
can just shut down three of the
cores to conserve power. Since the
current quad-core CPUs require
noticeably more power than dual-
core parts, it results in poor battery
life.

4) Matrix storage technology
Provides enhanced performance for
quicker access to digital photo,
video and data files plus greater
data protection against HDD
failure.
Provides support for Intel Rapid
Recover technology which
provides a recovery point that can
be used to quickly recover a systm
should a hard drive fail or if there
is data corruption.
5) USB 2.0 ports Support for upto 14
ports with ability to disable
individual ports for added
protection of data.
Why is Core i7 Processor better than
previous Generation Processors?
Frame rate or frame frequency is the rate at
which an imaging device produces unique
consecutive images called frames. The
term applies equally to computer graphics,
motion capture systems, etc. Frame rate is
most often expressed in frames per
second[FPS].
The Micro architecture used in core i7 is
Nehalem µarch. Power management which
attempts to “TURN OFF” or place certain
or all portions of the device in some lower-
power state when inactivity is present. But
in case of core 2 quad its different. It is not
as energy efficient as compared to core i7.
 2) Apple has finally updated its Mac
Book Pro line of notebook
computers with Intel’s latest chips
and several other improvements
across the Board.

3) As mobile computers are available

with core i7, Desktop computers
are also containing core i7
processor.

Turbo Boost Technology used in core i7

because of Nehalem microarchitecture is
absent in core 2 quad. Turbo boost can
provide on average up to a 6% reduction in
execution time. Hence, core i7 consume
less power compared to core 2 quad.

Also Hyper-threading technology used in

core i7 is absent in core 2 quad.

Applications:

1) Because of the two new

technologies used in core i7 also
since mobile computing is
becoming more ubiquitous, power
management is becoming more
important in mobile electrical
devices such as laptops, cell
phones and personal digital
assistants.