1.

Define "theory" discuss purpose of, importance of developing, and using nursing

theory

As nursing is a professional discipline, nursing theory is a framework designed to

organize knowledge and explain phenomena in nursing, at a more concrete and specific

level.

2. Compare and contrast systems theory, adaptation theory, and developmental theory.

Systems theory, patient safety and quality of healthcare is an emergent property of the

entire healthcare system [14], it follows that the improvement of health care outcomes

needs to be based in a systematic appreciation of the whole system that contributes to

those outcomes.

Adaptation theory, also known as survival theory or survival of the fittest, is an

organism's ability to adapt to changes in its environment and adjust accordingly over

time.

Developmental systems theory (DST) is an overarching theoretical perspective on

biological development, heredity, and evolution.

3. Discuss how knowledge of various theories are used in planning and giving holistic

care to patients.

4. Describe evidence-based practice in nursing, the rationale for its use, and the steps in

implementing an evidence-based practice

.5. Explain the importance of the four concepts common to all nursing theories.

.Person

Environment
Health

Nursing

6. Discuss the evolution of nursing research.

7. Discuss the QSEN competencies: what they are, why they were developed, and how

they can be used to improve health care delivery

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses

Patient-centered care

Evidence-based practice

Teamwork and collaboration

Safety

Quality improvement

Informatics.

8. Describe the nursing process including each of its five steps and the benefits of

using the nursing process

Involves 5 interrelated

steps:AssessmentDiagnosisPlanningImplementationEvaluation

9. Discuss the importance of “baseline data” in the assessment area.

Know your baseline assessment

Enhances your ability to notice the small changes, and therefore make changes

10. Differentiate between subjective and objective data.

Objective

What you see, feel, hear, or measure

Signs

Subjective

What the client tells you

Symptoms

11. Differentiate between a nursing diagnosis, a medical diagnosis, and a collaborative

problem.

Medical

Identify diseases

Treated by physicians

Remains the same as long as disease is presen

tExample: Myocardial Infarction

Nursing

Focus on unhealthy responses to health and illness

Treated by nurses in their scope of practice

Change as the client’s responds

Example: Fear, pain, altered tissue perfusion

12. Prioritize patient health problems and nursing responses.

13. List guidelines for writing patient goals

Specific

Measurable

Attainable

Relevant
Timely

.14. Discuss types of nursing interventions.1

15.Describe the purpose of evaluation and its relation to the other steps in the nursing

process.

“The nurse and patient together measure how well the patient has achieved the

outcomes specified in the plan of care”

The purpose “is to allow the patient’s achievement of expected outcomes to direct

future nurse – patient interactions”

Has the goal been met?

If not, why not?

Was data complete, validated and

accurate?

Were the nursing diagnoses correct?

 Were nursing orders clear and specific

to the problem?

 Were the nursing orders implemented correctly?

Were the goals realistic?