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The implementation of the Victim Compensation scheme in states leaves a lot to be desired. Fund release under the Central
Victim Compensation Fund(CVCF) does not seem to be based on any rationale.
India follows a criminal procedure code, commonly known as the CrPC to deal with criminal cases. It is the common code for
all states in India. In 2008, the code was amended to introduce a new section i.e., 357A that makes it mandatory for the state
governments to have a scheme/Act for victims. In this context, victim means, the one at the receiving end of crime, family of
the person who was murdered, the rape victim etc.
Every state started formulating a scheme for the victims, and allocated budget for the victim compensation fund, from which
the victims will be paid money to ‘ compensate ‘ for the misery they have gone through.
In 2015, to ward off the criticism over non utilization of the Nirbhaya Fund, the Government of India (GoI) setup the Central
Victim Compensation Fund(CVCF). The CVCF was also setup to streamline the compensation amount in various states for
different categories of crime. GoI issues guidelines for the CVCF in 2015 and allocated Rs 200 crore from the Nirbhaya Fund to
this scheme. The CVCF was aimed at harmonizing the state schemes with a minimum fixed amount of compensation for
victims of various crimes.
Even if one were to go by crimes against women, the most crimes against women (per every one lakh population) were
reported from Delhi & Assam from 2014 to 2016. Hence it looks as though the release of funds under CVCF had no rationale.
The victims availing compensation under the scheme is nowhere close to the incidents of rape being reported every year. As
per government data, close to 39000 case of rape were reported across the country in 2016. Even if we were to go with the
conviction rate of around 25%, we are talking about thousands of victims each year. And if compensation of Rs 3 lakh in each
case was extended to these victims, the total compensation for rape victims alone would be more than Rs 100 crore. The
allocation under CVCF has to be increased match the number of victims. Victim compensation has to become a right of the
victim and her family.
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