ME 322 Machine Design (2-0-2-6) Prerequisite: ME 314 or equivalent

Design of Gears; Lubrication and Wear consideration in Design; Design and selection of Bearings:
Hydrodynamic lubrication theory, Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic bearings (e.g., journal), Rolling
Element Bearings; Systems Approach to Design: Decision Making, Simulation of mechanical
systems using CAD tools, Sensitivity analysis of design parameters, Value Analysis and Value
Addition to designed components and systems; Exercises of mechanical systems design with
examples; Overview of Optimization in Design; Reliability and Robust Design; Communicating
the Design.

Texts:
1. Design Data Book of Engineers, Compiled by Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, PSG College of Technology,
Publisher Kalaikathir Achchagam, Coimbataore, 2009
2. J. E. Shigley, Mechanical Engineering Design, McGraw Hill, 1989
References:
1. G.M Maitra Handbook of gear Design Second Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited,
new Delhi, 1994
2. D.W Dudley, Handbook of Practical Gear Design, CRC Press, 2009
3. M.F Spotts, T.E Shoup, L.E. Hornberger, S.R Jayram and C V Venkatesh, Design of Machine Elements, 8th Ed.,
Person Education,2006.
4. V. B. Bhandari, Design of Machine Elements, 2nd Ed., Tata Mcgraw Hill, 2007.
5. R. C. Juvinall and K. M Marshek, Fundamentals of Machine Component Design, 3rd Ed., Wiley Student Edition,
2007.
6. V. Ramamurti, Computer Aided Mechanical Design and Analysis, 3rd Ed., Tata McGraw Hill, 1996.
7. A. H. Burr and J. B. Cheatham, Mechanical Analysis and Design, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall, 1997.
8. J. R. Dixon, Design Engineering: Inventiveness, Analysis and Decision Making, TMH, New Delhi, 1980.

Grading: 1/3 Term Project, 2/3 Written Exam( 2 Quiz: 25 %, MidSem:35% and End Sem 40 %
 Tooth-face width: 300 µm.
Tip diameter of planetary wheels: 560 µm
Axle diameter : 180 µm
Output shaft diameter: 500 µm.

Planetary gear head composed of POM microinjection

molded gears and planet carrier.

A 13.2 metre diameter, 73.5-tonne was

recently produced and delivered to China
from the Australian Western Shores. (source:
http://www.hofmannengineering.com

An exploded view of the 1.9-mm

electromagnetic micromotor.
Gear box importance

Design aspects of gear

Lewis equation
Buckingham’s equation
Transmitted torque and dynamic load
AGMA/DIN Standard

Mechanical drives
Two groups based on the principle of operation

Gear drives Definition

Velocity ratio
Center distance
Power
Speed
Efficiency
Identify!
 4 Major Groups
Radial and Thrust loads
Identify! Speed reduction ratio/velocity ratio
Single and Multiple stage
Noise
The basic requirement of gear tooth geometry is the provision of angular velocity ratios that are
exactly constant. The action of a pair of gear teeth satisfying this requirement is termed conjugate
gear tooth action

The basic law of conjugate gear tooth action states that “ As the gears rotate, the common
normal to the surfaces at the point of contact must always intersect the line of centers at the
same point P, called the pitch point

This law can be satisfied by many curves, one of such curves, the epicycloid was proposed by
famous Danish astronomer Olaf Roemer. The involute curve which is the most common curve used
today was first suggested by Swiss mathematician, Leonard Euler, later Prof Rober Willis of
Cambridge University gave a practical shape.
The involute of a circle is defined as the curve which is generated by the end point of a cord which
is kept taut while being unwound from a circle. Any other point on the cord will also generate a
similar involute curve as the cord is progressively unwrapped from the circle.

The involute is a spiral beginning from the periphery of

a circle called the "base circle" which is the heart of the
involute

Cycloid: Curve traced by a point on the

circumference of a generating circle as it rolls
without slipping along the inside and outside of
another circle.
If a tangent is drawn to the involute profile of a tooth at any point on the curve and if a radial
line is drawn through this point of tangency, connecting this point with centre of the gear, then
the acute angle included between this tangent and the radial is defined as the pressure angle at
that point
This pressure angle is denoted commonly by the
Greek letter  A pressure angle at any other point is
designated by a subscript, e.g.  A for the point A and
so on. The symbol  for the pressure angle at the
pitch point carries no subscript.

Since the involute is generated from the

base circle, the pressure angle at the
starting point is zero.

An involute curve has been generated

from the base circle of radius rb. A and
B are two points on this involute at
distances of rA and rB respectively from
the base circle centre 0.
From geometry, rb = rA cos A

rb = rB cos B rb = rA cos A = rB cos B

Some important relations of the involute curve which are relevant to gearing are given

 Pressure angle at P

 Roll angle at P

Arc AB BP
inv        
rb OB

R
inv     tan   
rb
Involute vs Cycloidal
Single/Double curve
Contact area
Pressure angle definition and variation
Interference and Minimum no of teeth
 Gear Nomenclature

Contact ratio
 Size of gear
tooth for
various
modules

Diametral Pitch is term used in FPS system, it is ratio of

Module the number of teeth to the pitch diameter in inch. The
Size of the gear tooth unit is inverse of inch 1 25 .4
DP(inch ) 
Module(mm )

Uneven distribution of pressure along the

face width
Machining error
Distortion during heat treatment
Assembly errors
Elastic deflection of shaft