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SYNCHRONIZATION
OF 85KW
DARAMKHOLA
MICROHYDROPOWER
PLANT IN GULMI
Submitted To:
AEPC
Submitted By:
Rabin Dahal
Contents
CHAPTER – ONE INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 2
1.1 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
1.2 Background ........................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Objective of the Study .......................................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Methodology .......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.4.1 Literature Review .......................................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER-TWO TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF PROJECT .................................................................. 4
2.1 General Features ................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Civil Component ................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2.1 Penstock .......................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2.2 Powerhouse building ...................................................................................................................... 4
2.2.3 Fore bay .......................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2.4 Canal ............................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Electromechanical Works .................................................................................................................... 7
2.3.1 Turbine and flat belt Drive System .............................................................................................. 7
2.3.2 Generator ........................................................................................................................................ 8
2.3.3 Transformers .................................................................................................................................. 9
2.3.4 Control System ............................................................................................................................... 9
2.3.5 Earthing ........................................................................................................................................ 11
2.3.6 Protection System......................................................................................................................... 12
CHAPTER-THREE: GRID SYNCHRONIZATION OPTIONS ......................................................... 13
3.1 Grid Synchronization with Existing Y-Tech Synchronization Panel ......................................... 13
3.2 Grid Synchronization with general method ................................................................................. 13
3.3 Possible nearby Grid Connection point and Voltage Level ........................................................ 14
3.4 Sellable power and Energy ............................................................................................................. 15
CHAPTER FOUR: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION .................................................... 16
ANNEX:1 Single Line Diagram ............................................................................................................... 17
ANNEX:2 Existing Y-Tech Synchronization Panel ................................................................................. 0
ANNEX:3 Synchronization with general method .................................................................................... 7
CHAPTER – ONE INTRODUCTION
1.1 Executive Summary
Daramkhola Micro hydro Power Project is located in located in Musikot Municipality -1, in the
north-west part of Gulmi Nepal. The 85-kW project is supplying electricity to 815 No. of
households. There was a local mini-grid with another 135 kW MHP under Paropakar
Cooperative. The synchronizing panel made up Y-Tech India is not in operation now and the
MHP is operating in isolated mode. The major Load centres of the project include Paudi Amari,
Musikot Deurali, Musikot Amari etc. village.
1.2 Background
To provide the electricity at the off-grid area of Nepal, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre is
promoting Micro Hydro Technology since its establishment. Till date about 15 MW capacities
has been installed and 70 % of them are in operation.
According to Energy Ministry, Nepal, about 84.9 percent of population in Nepal has access to
electricity in with access to electricity in the urban areas has reached 99 percent of the total
population in 2017, up from 94 percent of population in 2010. Likewise, in rural areas, access to
electricity reached 85.6 percent of the population in 2017 from 62.1 percent in 2010. Nepal’s
micro-hydro village electrification programme has emerged as a successful scheme for scaling
up the deployment of mini-hydro systems.
Nepal Electricity Authority is accelerating the rural electrification program now days. So the
areas under micro hydro electrification are also covered by national grid. It would better to
connect these micro hydro projects to national grid than operate in off grid technically and
economically. Recently, Nepal government has passed a bill to connect these micro hydro
projects to national grid even in low voltage (11 kV) distribution line. Till date, following micro
hydro are already connected in National Grid.
B. Leguwa Khola Micro Hydro Project (40 kW), Dhunkuta ( Grid connection process)
1.3 Objective of the Study
Following are the major objectives of the study:
1.4 Methodology
The entire work of detailed feasibility study was carried out in two stages:
Survey team with all supporting tools and equipment reached on the site 26 May, 2018. At the
beginning the team made a comprehensive reconnaissance survey around the project area. The
team initially reached the power house and had some interaction with the operators. Here they
collected all the required specifications of the Turbines, Generators, Control system, and other
accessories structure of Power house, Penstock length and some operational data of the
transmission and distribution. The team also observed the intake, fore bay, penstock, head race,
tail race etc. and collected the required data.
The survey team was also assisted by the engineers from distribution and consumers service,
Tamghas, Gulmi.
Fig-4: Forebay
2.2.4 Canal
The headrace canal is stone masonry and has sufficient thickness to covey water with minimum
loss. The headrace canal is designed as economical rectangular section. The canal is started from
tailrace of Paropakar Co-operative MHP. Canal is stable from landslide and also there is no any
cross-drainage structure.
Fig- 5: Headrace Canal
The Electronic Load Controller is used to maintain the speed and frequency of electricity
generated. An ELC with ballast unit is well performing to control the system load such that the
generator is always operating at full load. In other words, it is well performing to keep the supply
in balance with the demand in order to avoid the over loading and under loading of the
generators.
Frequency : 50 Hz
Accessories : Thyristor
The box enclosing ELC (Panel Board) contains meter showing current, Voltage(Generator,
Ballast, and Consumer) and frequency output of the generator, kW meter and one energy
meter(kWh meter).
2.3.5 Earthing
The exposed metal parts of the generating equipment and generator neutral terminal are earthed
separately in a proper manner. Similarly, each lightening arrestors installed are separately
earthed apart from earth continuity from powerhouse through the cable armoured up to the main
distribution board, each distribution box is proposed to be properly connected to the earth. A
single earthing mat along with same conductor is used to all type of earthing. The earthing mat
is used for high discharge and low voltage lightening arrestors (LA) if they are at the same
location.
Neutral Earthing
Equipment Earthing(Body Earthing)
Lightening Arrester Earthing
Specifications:
For earthing at the power house and for L.T., 600mm*600mm*3mm copper plate.
Earthing wire: 8 SWG copper wires
Lightening Arrestor for 11 kV 12 pcs
Lightening Arrestor for 0.5 kV 69 pcs
Previously they had tried to make mini-grid between Daram Khola MHP and Paropakar Co-
operative MHP using protection system of Y-TEK. But now this system is not operating and the
MHP has its own protection system as below:
The Micro Hydro Owner wants be like an Independent Power Producer. That is, they want to
handover the other infrastructure including existing transmission and distribution line including
the whole consumers to Nepal Electricity Authority. They only want to take ownership of power
plants. They wanted to place the energy meter at power house. They are ready to sell electricity
as the policy driven by NEA.
The mini-grid synchronizing panel supplied by Y-Tech is not in operation now. Actually, it was
not because of big issues. During mini-grid operation, the frequency had to maintain by the
system according to the load. The cumulative peak demand of the mini-grid was greater than the
cumulative capacity of these two plants (Paropakar MHP (135 kW) and Daram Khola (85 kW)).
There is an already set frequency limitation for mini-grid. When the load increases than the
overall capacity, it goes down. Sometimes its goes less than that of preset value; which
ultimately brings the generator to stop the power generation. The MHP operators were unable to
handle the situation. Y-Tech has suggested the operators to decrease the system load by making
load shedding to some customers or by massive distribution of LED light. The mini-grid
manager chooses to boycott mini-grid operation than doing all of these stuffs. So, the Y-Tech
system is still in better position.
-
2 Supply and Delivery of 400V AC Generator panel in MS Set 0 Use Existing Panel
Generaror Control and sheet freestanding cubicle capable to - -
protection panel handle at least plant rated power,
Consisting of following rated to withstand SC power
items (Refer SLD) complete with all necessary control
switches/fuses, protection relays,
instrumentation meters, indicating
lamps and switchgear, terminal
connectors, power and control
cabling and accessoies all complete;
a. Grid Synchronizable Elecrtronic Set 0 Change/Modify the
Load Controller with Driver card - - controller of Existing
and Thyrister ELC
b. Automatic Voltage Regulator cum Set 0 Use Existing AVR
Automatic Power Factor Regulator - - system
Suitable for grid Synchronization
c. Micro processor based digital set 0 Add/upgradesome
relay/Individual type relay - - relay and use existing
consisting of Over/Under Voltage Relaying system
Relay, Over/Under Frequency
Relay, Reverse Power Relay, Phase
Unbalance Relay, Mail Fall Relay,
Generator Earth Fault Relay, Over
Current Relay and CTs et.al (refer
SLD)
D kW, PF, Frequency meter, Ammeter set 0 Modify/upgrade and
& Voltmeter with selector, switches - - use existing Metering
and LT side Digital kWH Meter system
5 Supply and Delivery of Inverter Cum Battery Charger with Set 0 Use/ Upgrade
DC Panel 24 V Battery System, Input 230 V s - - Existing DC Panel
and Outpur 230 V sinusoidal, DC
panel in MS sheet steel free standing
cubicle including 100Ah lead acid
battery, batter charger, MCBs/fuses,
instrumentation, protection,
indicator, terminals, power and
control cabling complete with
accessories
-
6 Supply and Delivery of 175 kVA, 3 Phase, YNd11, 11/0.4 No 0 Use Existing
Transformer kV step up transformer, ONAN s - - Transformer
-
7 Supply and Delivery of 12 kV, 630 Amp, 25 kA VCB Panel Set 1
Vaccum Circuit Breaker with Over Under Voltage Relay, 1,100,000 1,100,000.
Panel Over Current Relay, Earth Fault .00 00
Relay with Indoor Panel (Refer:
AEPC Guidelines for more detail).
8 11 kV Metering Unit Current transformer, Potential Set
consisting of Following Transformer and Bi-directional
items Energy meter (As per NEA
Standard)
a. Current transformer, 10/5-5 Amp, Set 2
Accuracy Class 0.5 & Potential 190,000.0 380,000.00
Transforer, 11/0.11 kV, Accuracy 0
Class 0.5
b. Main & Check Energy Meter No 2
s 28,000.00 56,000.00
c. Wiring Cables, Meter Box etc. Set 1
10,000.00 10,000.00
8 Supply and delivery of 3x1/2 core 120mm2 PVC armored mt 0 Use Existing Cables
power Cables copper power cables to connect r - -
generator-Generator control panel,
Generator control panel-
synchronising panel terminal, and
synchronizing panel terminal- LT of
step up transformer in the substation
yard
Cable Head and bimetallic Cable Set 0
socket - -
-
9 Supply and delivery of 12 kV, 630 Amp, 25 KA, Gang Set 0 Use Existing Isolator
MV disconnecting operated, nominal voltage 11KV, - -
switch / Isolator, TP pole mounted, single break, outdoor
type, 3 Phase, 50 Hz Isolator with
post insulators
-
10 Supply and delivery of 12 kV, Nominal voltage 11KV, Set 0 Use Existing DO fuse
MV 50Hz, - -
drop-out fuse cut-outs, 3 pole mounted, DO fuse cut-out, 5A
x 1p fuse; 1 set between stepup
per set transformer and 11KV Isolator with
operating rod
-
11 Supply and delivery of Rated voltage 9KV rms, 10KA Set 0 Use Existing LA
MV discharge, - -
lightning arresters, station type gap less type, Class II,
suitable
for 11KV nominal 50Hz 3 phase
system,
Pole mounting
-
11 Supply and delivery of Design and supply of materials for Set 0 Maintain Existing
earthing materials at equipotential grounding in and - - Earthing
Generator Neutral, Body around
and Transformer earthing powerhouse
-
12 Supply and Delivery of 1100V PVC unarmored 3x50 mm2 mt 0 Use Existing Cables
HT Power Cables Cu cable for connecting r - -
Transformer HT-VCB and VCB-DO
Fuse terminal
Cable Head and bimetallic Cable Set 0
socket - -
-
13 Supply and Delivery of 11-meter steel tubular Double poles No 0 Use Existing Poles
11-meter Steel tubular suitable for transformer, DO Fuse s - -
poles and Isolator mounting
-
14 Supply and delivery of Suitable MS channel for mounting LS 0 Use Existing
mounting channels DO fuse, LAs, insulators, DS, - - Structure
VCB, CTs, PTs and Transformer,
Nut Bolts and Accessories
-
15 Supply and Delivery of Disc Insulator, Pin Insulator, Stay LS 0 Use Existing System
Line Material set, Conductor etc - -
-
16 Modification/repair/insta Modification/upgrade/repair and LS 1
llation maintenance the existing 450,000.0 450,000.00
equipment’s as stated above, 0
Installation of VCB, Metering unit,
Cost of expert from existing panel
suppliers et.al.
-
17 Testing & Grid Synchronization LS 1
commissioning 100,000.0 100,000.00
0
18 Total
2,096,000.
00
19 Vat @ 13 %
314,400.00
20 Grand Total
2,510,400.
00
ANNEX:3 Synchronization with general method
Detail Estimates of Bill of Quantity ((Using New Generator Control/Protection/Synchronizing Panel))
Parapokar Sahakari Micro Hydro Project (135 kW)
-
2 Supply and Delivery of 400V AC Generator panel in MS Set 1
Generator Control and sheet freestanding cubicle capable 250,000.0 250,000.0
protection panel to handle at least plant rated power, 0 0
Consisting of following rated to withstand SC power
items (Refer SLD) complete with all necessary control
switches/fuses, protection relays,
instrumentation meters, indicating
lamps and switchgear, terminal
connectors, power and control
cabling and accessories all
complete;
a. Grid Synchronizable Electronic Set 1
Load Controller with Driver card 275,000.0 275,000.0
and Thyrister 0 0
b. Automatic Voltage Regulator cum Set 1
Automatic Power Factor Regulator 150,000.0 150,000.0
Suitable for grid Synchronization 0 0
c. Micro processor based digital set 1
relay/Individual type relay 275,000.0 275,000.0
consisting of Over/Under Voltage 0 0
Relay, Over/Under Frequency
Relay, Reverse Power Relay, Phase
Unbalance Relay, Mail Fall Relay,
Generator Earth Fault Relay, Over
Current Relay and CTs et.al (refer
SLD)
D kW, PF, Frequency meter, set 1
Ammeter & Voltmeter with 80,000.00 80,000.00
selector, switches and LT side
Digital KWH Meter
-
6 Supply and Delivery of 175 kVA, 3 Phase, YNd11, 11/0.4 No 0 Option: Use Existing
Transformer kV step up transformer, ONAN s 650,000.0 - Transformer
0
-
7 Supply and Delivery of 12 kV, 630 Amp, 25 kA VCB Panel Set 1
Vacuum Circuit Breaker with Over Under Voltage Relay, 1,100,000 1,100,000.
Panel Over Current Relay, Earth Fault .00 00
Relay with Indoor Panel (Refer:
AEPC Guidelines for more detail).
-
8 11 kV Metering Unit Current transformer, Potential Set
consisting of Following Transformer and Bi-directional
items Energy meter (As per NEA
Standard)
a. Current transformer, 10/5-5 Amp, Set 2
Accuracy Class 0.5 & Potential 190,000.0 380,000.0
Transformer, 11/0.11 kV, Accuracy 0 0
Class 0.5
b. Main & Check Energy Meter No 2
s 28,000.00 56,000.00
c. Wiring Cables, Meter Box etc. Set 1
10,000.00 10,000.00
8 Supply and delivery of 3x1/2 core 120mm2 PVC armoured mt 0 Option: Use Existing
power Cables copper power cables to connect r 6,200.00 - Cables
generator-Generator control panel,
Generator control panel-
synchronising panel terminal, and
synchronizing panel terminal- LT
of step up transformer in the
substation yard
Cable Head and bimetallic Cable Set 0
socket 18,000.00 -
-
9 Supply and delivery of 12 kV, 630 Amp, 25 KA, Gang Set 0 Option: Use Existing
MV disconnecting operated, nominal voltage 11KV, 35,000.00 - Isolator
switch / Isolator, TP pole mounted, single break, outdoor
type, 3 Phase, 50 Hz Isolator with
post insulators
-
10 Supply and delivery of 12 kV, Nominal voltage 11KV, Set 0 Option: Use Existing
MV 50Hz, 25,000.00 - DO fuse
drop-out fuse cut-outs, 3 pole mounted, DO fuse cut-out, 5A
x 1p fuse; 1 set between step-up
per set transformer and 11KV Isolator with
operating rod
-
11 Supply and delivery of Rated voltage 9KV rms, 10KA Set 0 Option: Use Existing
MV discharge, 12,000.00 - LA
lightning arresters, station type gap less type, Class II,
suitable
for 11KV nominal 50Hz 3 phase
system,
Pole mounting
-
11 Supply and delivery of Design and supply of materials for Set 0 Option: Maintain
earthing materials at equipotential grounding in and 20,000.00 - Existing Earthing
Generator Neutral, Body around
and Transformer powerhouse
earthing
-
12 Supply and Delivery of 1100V PVC unarmoured 3x50 mt 0 Option: Use Existing
HT Power Cables mm2 Cu cable for connecting r 6,500.00 - Cables
Transformer HT-VCB and VCB-
DO Fuse terminal
Cable Head and bimetallic Cable Set 0
socket 18,000.00 -
-
13 Supply and Delivery of 11-meter steel tubular Double poles No 0 Use Existing Poles
11-meter Steel tubular suitable for transformer, DO Fuse s 30,000.00 -
poles and Isolator mounting
-
14 Supply and delivery of Suitable MS channel for mounting LS 0 Use Existing Structure
mounting channels DO fuse, LAs, insulators, DS, 3,000.00 -
VCB, CTs, PTs and Transformer,
Nut Bolts and Accessories
-
15 Supply and Delivery of Disc Insulator, Pin Insulator, Stay LS 0 Use Existing System
Line Material set, Conductor etc 30,000.00 -
-
16 Modification/repair Modification/upgrade/repair/installa LS 1
tion and maintenance the existing 300,000.0 300,000.0
equipment’s as stated, Mounting 0 0
VDB, Panels, Metering unit,
-
17 Testing & Grid Synchronization LS 1
commissioning 100,000.0 100,000.0
0 0
18 Total
3,581,000.
00
19 Vat @ 13 %
537,150.0
0
20 Grand Total
4,218,150.
00