India –US relations

2+2 Dialogue

Krishti Education
• Recently , India-US 2+2 dialogue held in New
Delhi
• The 2+2 format -> defence &foreign ministers
of 2 countries took part
• Major takeaways were signing of the long
pending COMCASA & setting up a hotline b/w
MEA & Min. of Defence of 2 countries
• The greater convergence –in the field of
Defence & Security
 Focus of the Dialogue
1. Defence
2. Strategic Policy
3. Foreign Policy

• India has similar agreement with Japan

 COMCASA
• COMmunications CompAtibility and Security
Agreement
• COMCASA is part of Four foundational
agreement US makes with others to create a
foolproof security relationship
• The other 3 agreements are –
1. General Security of Military Information
Agreement
2. Logistics Exchange Memorandum of
Agreement
3. CISMOA -communications interoperability
and security memorandum of agreement.
4. BECA - Basic Exchange and Cooperation
Agreement
• If a country wants to make closer defence
relationship with US ,the US govt. wants that
the country would sign these 4 basic
foundational agreement with US
• All NATO countries ,Brazil,UAE have already
signed these agreements
• By signing COMCASA India will access–
1. Encrypted American Technologies
2. It will enhance India’s Defence Potency
3. Recently ,India has bought Air crafts like P-
8I,C-130J from US
• P-8I –long range
maritime
surveillance plane of
the Navy
• Crucial for Anti-
Submarine war fare
• Can find lurking
submarine under
water through sono
voice
• Can destroy
submarines as well
as ships
• India installing low tech communication
equipment in it
• US could not provide India with high tech
encrypted American communication technologies
due to domestic legal restrictions
• India by signing COMCASA will get access of that
• Interoperability (the ability of military equipment
or groups to operate in conjunction with each
other)b/w 2 forces
4.Better preparedness & situational awareness
especially in IOR to balance China
5.It will help to monitor the region
 India’s Concerns
• Installation of US communication system
would compromise the secrecy of Indian
Military Communication system like-
Information share with the same platform
users
• US assured India that informations will be
kept secured
 Russian Angle
• In August 2017 ,US passed CAATSA
(Countering America's Adversaries Through
Sanctions Act) is a United States federal law
that imposed sanctions on Iran, North Korea,
and Russia.
• Sanction on Russia –
1. For instigating conflict in Syria & Ukraine
2. Influencing 2016 US elections
• CAATSA has also provision to impose
secondary sanction on the countries which
import weapons from Russia
• India has planned to import S-400(Anti-air
craft missile )from Russia
• US President can grant Presidential Waiver
• India’s request for this special waiver
• Russia- old friend of India
• India buys most of its Defence equipment
from Russia
• India has to deal it very carefully
• Any counter move by Russia like seeking Pak
as an outlet for its defence purchase will not
be beneficial for India
 Iran Angle
• Other area of tension
• US imposed sanction on Iran because of its
Nuclear programme
• The matter was resolved in 2015 when P5 +1
signed JCPOA- aimed at preventing Iran from
building Nuclear Weapon
• US lifted sanction
• Recently Donald Trump unilaterally withdrew
from JCPOA & re-imposed sanction on Iran –
1. It can’t prevent Iran nuclear bomb
2. Deal is defective @ its core as it doesn’t
target Iran’s ballistic missile
• US insist India to scale down its oil import to
Zero from Iran
• India is dissatisfied needs time to take such
measures
• India-Iran relation is also very old
• Third largest oil supplier
• Strategically important has border with Af-Pak
 India-US trade dispute
• US imposed import tariffs on imports from the
countries with trade surplus
• Hampering- India’s export to US
• India has brought up the issue -against WTO
norms
• Higher interest rate in US –Capital Flight
H-1B visa issue
• Our foreign ministry has expressed hope that
US would not ‘act against ’ the interest of
Indian
NSG
• US will help in India’s entry in NSG
 Krishti Education
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