DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL

Secunderabad
NACHARAM/ MAHENDRA HILLS

SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY CLASS : VIII

TOPIC : METALS AND NON-METALS WORKSHEET KEY

I) Define the following with2 examples:-

 Metalloids : The substances which exhibit the properties of metals and non-metals are called
Metalloids. Eg: Boron(B), Arsenic(As), Antimony(Sb) etc.

 2) Displacement reaction: Highly reactive metals displaces less reactive metals from its salt
solution. This type of reactions are called metal displacement reactions.

 Eg:1. CuSO4 + Fe ----------- FeSO4 + Cu.

 (Here Iron (Fe) is more reactive than Copper. Hence iron displaces copper from copper sulphate.

 Eg 2: CuSO4 + Zn---------------- ZnSO4 + Cu. Here Zinc is more reactive than copper. Hence Zinc
displaces Copper from its salt solution.

 3) Corrosion: The reaction in which metals react with atmospheric oxygen and moisture and forms
their respective oxide or hydroxide layer on their surface. This type of reactions are called corrosion
reactions. Eg: Rusting of iron, Tarnishing of silver etc.

 4) Tensile strength: The ability of metals to get stretched. Eg: Metals like Aluminium and copper
are made into thin wires and sheets due to their high tensile strength.

 5)Atom : The smallest particle of matter. Eg: Hydrogen atom(H), Oxygen atom(O) etc.

 6) Element: The substance made of identical atoms is called element. Eg: Iron (Fe), Copper ( Cu)
etc.

 7) Compound: When two or more elements combine in a fixed proportion by weight, then it forms a
substance called compound. Eg: H2O ( Water ), NaCl (Sodium chloride), CuSO 4 ( Copper Sulphate)
etc.

II) Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:-

1) Zinc with dil. Hydrochloric acid.

Ans: Zn + 2HCl ------------ ZnCl2 + H2↑( Zinc Chloride and Hydrogen).

2) Burning of sulphur.
 Ans: S + O2---------------- SO2↑ ( Sulphur dioxide)

3) Iron with copper sulphate solution.

 Ans: CuSO4 + Fe ----------- FeSO4 + Cu.(Ferrous Sulphate + Red deposit of Copper)

 4. Reaction of magnesium with oxygen.

 Ans: 2Mg + O2 --------------- 2MgO ( Magnesium Oxide)

4) Dissolution of Sulphur dioxide in water.

Ans: SO2 + H2O ------------- H2SO3 ( Sulphurous Acid)

5) Magnesium oxide added to water.

Ans: MgO + H2O --------- Mg(OH)2 ( Magnesium Hydroxide).

6)

Ans: Na + H2O ---------------- NaOH + H2↑ ( Sodium Hydroxide and Hydrogen gas)

III) Distinguish between the following: -

1) Cation and Anion.

Ans

Cation Anion

Positively charged ion. Negatively charged ion.

Formed by losing electrons from atoms. Formed by gaining electrons by atoms.

Eg: Na+ , Mg+2, Ca+2, K+, NH4 + etc. Eg: O-2, F-, Cl-, SO4-2 etc.

2) Malleability and Ductility.

Ans:

Malleability Ductility

The property by which metals can be drawn into The property by which metals can be drawn into
thin sheets. thin wires.

Making Aluminium foils and window frames, Making electrical wires with copper wires and
sheets of gold, silver etc. jewellery, plumbing pipes etc.

3) Metals and Non- Metals.

 Ans:

Metals Non - Metals

Capable of losing electrons. Capable of gaining electrons.

Always forms Cations (Positive ions). Always forms Anions ( Negative ions).

Good conductors of heat and electricity.
Eg: Sodium(Na), Iron(Fe), Gold(Au), Silver(Ag)
etc.
Bad conductors of heat and electricity, except
Graphite.
Eg: Oxygen (O), Flourine ( F ), Sulphur (S),
Phosphorus (P) , Chlorine (Cl) etc.

IV) Answer the following questions:-

1) Name a liquid metal and a liquid non- metal, with symbols.

Ans: The liquid metal is Mercury (Hydrargyrum Hg), and liquid non-metal is Bromine(Br).

2) Name two lustrous Non – metals.

Ans: Lustrous non-metals are Iodine (I) and Graphite (C).

3) Non-metal which is a good conductor of electricity. State any two uses of it.

Ans: Non-metal which is a good conductor of electricity is Graphite. It is used as lubricant and
in making pencil lids.

4) Most abundant elements in atmosphere and earth’s crust.

Ans: The most abundant element in atmosphere is Nitrogen and in the earth’s crust is Oxygen.

The most abundant metal is Aluminium.

5) Chemical name and formula of brown coating formed on iron on exposure to moist air.

Ans: Chemical name of Rusted Iron is Hydrated Ferric Oxide. Its formula is Fe2O3. XH2O.

6) Name two metals that can be cut with knife and stored in kerosene. Why is the metal stored
in kerosene?

Ans: The two metals that can be cut with knife are Sodium(Na) and Potassium(K). They are
highly reactive metals. Hence they are stored under kerosene.

7) What is Reactivity series? Write the list of elements in an order.

 Ans; The arrangement of metals in decreasing order of their reactivities is called as reactivity
series. The order is K>Na>Ca> Mg>Al>Zn>Fe>Pb> H> Cu> Hg> Ag> Au> Pt.

8) Karthik took three test tubes ‘X’ ,’Y’ , ‘Z’ With zinc sulphate solution in all the test tubes.
He dropped a piece of Copper, Aluminium and Iron in each test tube respectively.In
which test tube does the reaction take place? Why? Write the balanced equation for it.

Ans: Test tube Y = Zinc Sulphate + Aluminium.

Equation: 3ZnSO4 + 2Al ----------------- Al2(SO4)3 + 3Zn.

Here Aluminium is more reactive than Zinc. Hence the displacement reaction is possible.

Test tube X = Zinc sulphate + Copper.

Equation: ZnSO4 + Cu---------------- No reaction.

Here Zinc is more reactive than copper, hence the reaction is not possible.

Test tube Z: ZnSO4 + Fe ------------------ No reaction.

Here Fe is less reactive than Zinc. Hence the reaction is not possible.

9.An yellow powder ‘A’ when burnt in air produces a gas ‘B’. The gas when dissolved in
water forms a compound ‘C’. The compound turns blue litmus paper red.

(a) What are A, B and C ?

Ans: The Yellow powder A is Sulphur powder, B is Sulphrue dioxixe, and C is

Sulphurous acid.

(b) What type of element is ‘A’ ?

Ans: The element A is a non metal.

(c) Why did the compound ‘C’ turn blue litmus to red?

Ans: The compound C is acidic.

(d) Name two more compounds of the same nature as ‘C’.

Ans: Carbonic acid (CO2 + H2O) and Nitric acid (NO2 + H2O)

10. Classify the following elements into metals, non metals and metalloids:

a) Hydrogen(Nm) b) Helium(Nm) c) Boron(Metalloid) d) Iron (Metal)e) Copper(Metal) f)

Chlorine(Nm) g) Germanium (Metalloid) h) Oxygen(Nm) Zinc(Metal).
VI) Give reasons:-

1) Silver articles are tarnished after few days.

Ans: Silver articles react with atmospheric Hydrogen sulphide and forms a brown coating
called silver sulphide on them. So they get tarnished.

2Ag + H2S ---------------- Ag2S + H2.

2) Tungsten is used as a filament in electric bulbs.

Ans: Tungsten has high melting point and hence it will not be melted even if high currents
pass through it. Therefore it is used as a filament in electric bulbs.

3) Mercury is used in a clinical thermometer.

Ans: Mercury is a liquid metal and it has uniform rate of expansion and contraction. Hence it
is used in thermometers.

4) Name the metal used in electrical transmission wires. State the reason. Also write two
other uses of it.

Ans: Copper is used for making electrical transmission wires. It is also used for making
utensils and decorative items.

5) CuSO4 was stored in a Zinc can. After some time, it was observed that a solution started
leaking from the can. What might be reason? Name the solution started leaking.

Ans: Zinc reacts with Copper and forms Zinc Sulphate. The can gets damaged due to the
formation of Zinc Sulphate.

VII Observe the following pictures and answer the following:

1. What is the aim of the activity ?

Ans: Burning of Magnesium ribbon. Metal oxides are

basic in nature.

2. Identify the type of reaction shown in the picture and

define the reaction.

Ans; The type of reaction is combination reaction. Two

or more substances combine together to form a single
product.

3. Write the balanced equation for the reaction .

  Ans: : 2Mg + O2 --------------- 2MgO ( Magnesium Oxide)

4. What is the substance formed in the reaction?

Ans: The substance formed is Magnesium Oxide.

5. Identify whether the substance formed is acidic or basic.

Ans: The substance formed is basic. Metal Oxides are basic in nature.

6. What happens when that substance is made to react with water?

Ans: When the substance is made to react with water, magnesium hydroxide is formed.

Equation: MgO + H2O --------------------- Mg (OH)2

7. Write the colour changes takes place with the litmus paper.

Ans: Red litmus changes to blue.

VIII Observe the following picture and answer the following questions:

1. Write the aim of the experiment?

Ans: Non metallic oxides are acidic.

2. Write a balanced equation for the reaction.

Ans: S + O2 --------------- SO2

SO2 +H2O ---------- H2SO3

3. Write two more balanced equations of same type.

Ans: CO2 + H2O ------------- H2CO3( Carbonic acid)

P2O5 + 3 H2O------------ 2H3PO4( Phosphoric acid)