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ABSTRACT
Unconventional (minimum) soil tillage (minimum tillage) and other
basic elements of sustainable agriculture (crop rotation, organic fertilizers,
integrated protection, etc.) have direct influence on crop plants (Guş 2001,
Marin 2008; Pop 2011, Rusu 2009, etc.).
Soil tillage should provide optimum conditions for the best
development of crop plants, as well as the increase in favourable soil
characteristics and conservation.
Research was performed on reddish preluvosoil within the
experimental area located in South-Eastern Romania (Moara Domnească -
Ilfov).
There was a three - year crop rotation, as follows: 1. annual
leguminous plants (peas); 2. grains (wheat); 3. weeding plants (maize).
Basic soil tillage consisted in four graduations: a1 - ploughing 20 cm
(control - conventional system), a2-chisel 20 cm, a3-chisel 40 cm, a4 - disk
10 cm (inconventional soil tillage).
The paper includes results obtained from the crops rotation between
2008 and 2010.
Chiselling at 40 cm resulted in yields between 97.2% and 102.9%,
compared with the yield resulting from conventional soil tillage. This
variant is an alternative tillage method which applies sustainable crop
technologies in the Moara Domnească area.
111
INTRODUCERE
MATERIAL ŞI METODĂ
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Sub aspect termic perioada 2008-2010 a fost mai caldă, temperatura
medie anuală depăşind normala zonei cu 1,49 0C.
Tabelul 1
Condiţiile climatice din zona Moara Domnească (2008-2010)
Climatic condition of Moara Domnească (2008-2010)
REZULTATE
113
Tabelul 2
Influenţa lucrării de bază a solului asupra culturii de mazăre - Moara
Domnească, media 2008-2010
Influence of soil tillage system upon peans crops – Moara Domnească,
average 2008-2010
Arat 105 100 393 100 3,74 100 3,79 100 3977 100 -
20
Cizel 108 102,8 402 102,2 3,72 99,5 3,62 95,5 3905 98,2 -72
20
Cizel 107 101,9 398 101,2 3,72 99,5 3,66 66,6 3917 98,5 -60
40
Disc 111 105,7 363 92,4 3,27 87,3 3,24 85,5 3601 90,5 -376
10
DL5% =188 kg/ha
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kg/ha. Între variantele experimentale nu sunt diferenţe asigurate din punct
de vedere statistic.
Tabelul 3
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lucrare a solului, aceasta este de 6355 kg/ha, cu 1095 kg sub nivelul
variantei convenţionale de lucrare a solului.
Tabelul 4
Influenţa lucrării de bază a solului asupra culturii de porumb - Moara
Domnească, media 2008-2010
Influence of soil tillage system upon maise crops -Moara Domnească,
average 2008-2010
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Tabelul 5
Influenţa lucrării solului asupra producţiei de boabe exprimată ca
medie pe rotaţie - Moara Domnească, 2008-2010
Influence of soil tillage system upon grains production, average crops
rotation - Moara Domnească, 2008-2010
CONCLUZII
BIBLIOGRAFIE
1. Guş P., Rusu T., Bogdan Ileana, Haţegan M, 2001- Sisteme
neconvenţionale de lucrare a solului, Ed. Risoprint, Cluj-Napoca.
2. Marin D.I., 2004 – Sisteme de lucrare a solului, Ed. Elisavaros, Bucureşti.
3. Marin D. I., T. Rusu. M. Mihalacle, 2008 - The effect of non-conservation
tillage up on the edaphic component of the Agricultural Ecosystem, Analele
Universităţii din Craiova. Lucrări ştiinţifice - Agricultură, Montanologie,
Cadastru, ISSN 1841-8317, pp. 399-402.
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4. Mihalache M., Marin D.I., Ilie L., Gheorghiţă Niculina – 2008, Cercetări
privind influenţa lucrărilor de bază ale solului asupra principalelor însuşiri fizice
ale preluvosolului roşcat de la Moara Domnească, Lucrări Ştiinţifice, Seria A, Vol.
LI, Facultatea de Agricultură, USAMV, Bucureşti, pp.426-433.
5. Pop A.I., P. Guş, T. Rusu, Ileana Bogdan, Paula Moraru, P. Cîmpean,
2011 - Influence of soil tillage system on weeding degree and corn yield. Scientific
Papers, UASVM Bucharest, Series A, Vol. LIV, ISSN 1222-5339, pp.230-234.
6. Rusu Teodor, Petru Gus, Ileana Bogdan, Paula Ioana Moraru, Adrian Ioan
Pop, Doina Clapa, Doru Ioan Marin, Ioan Oroian, Lavinia Ioana Pop, 2009 -
Implications of minimum tillage systems on sustainability of agricultural
production and soil conservation. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment
Vol.7(2), p. 335 – 338.
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