Kate Andrews High School

Biology 20 Unit C
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Exam

Name: _____________________

Multiple Choice _____ / ______ marks

Numerical Response _____ / ______ marks
Written Response _____/ ______ marks
Total _____/ ______ marks
1. In what form does the energy used by most organisms enter the system?
A. chemical energy
B. mechanical energy
C. geothermal energy
D. solar energy

2. Stacks of thylakoid disks are called

A. grana
B. cristae
C. stroma
D. stomata

3. Chlorophyll appears green because it

A. absorbs only green wavelengths of light
B. absorbs all wavelengths except yellow and blue
C. reflects all wavelengths except green
D. reflects green wavelengths

4. The chloroplast is composed of membrane bound disks called __________ which are
surrounded by a semi-liquid substance called the ___________.
A. thylakoid disks; grana
B. matrix; grana
C. matrix; stroma
D. thylakoid disks; stroma

5. Photosynthesis uses _______________ as reactants

A. O2 and H2O
B. Glucose and O2
C. CO2 and H2O
D. CO2 and O2

6. The oxygen released during photosynthesis is derived from

A. carbon dioxide
B. water
C. chlorophyll
D. NADP
7. The statement that best describes the use of light in photosynthesis is
A. light splits RuBP into 2 PGAL
B. light excites the electrons in the photosystems
C. light combines carbon dioxide with hydrogen
D. light converts molecules of ATP to ADP

8. When light in the light reaction of photosynthesis

A. ATP is reduced to ADP, releasing energy that will be used in the grana to produce glucose
B. electrons of chlorophyll are energized and the energy is transferred to produce ATP and
NADPH
C. there is a transfer of electrons that result in a production of carbon dioxide and water
D. photolysis can be carried out so that the Calvin cycle is not necessary

9. The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis can occur without

A. NADP+
B. water
C. carbon dioxide
D. chlorophyll

10. The dark reaction is dependent on the light reaction to provide

A. CO2
B. NADPH
C. ATP and NADPH
D. ATP and CO2

11. The function of ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) during photosynthesis is to

A. produce the CO2 necessary for the Calvin cycle
B. combine with CO2 to produce a 6-carbon compound
C. break down to form PGAL
D. eliminate O2 from the Calvin cycle
 Use the following information to answer the next question.

The sun’s energy is captured during photosynthesis. All organisms then use cellular
respiration to release the energy stored by photosynthesis. Put the following
processes in order, starting at the beginning of photosynthesis.

1. Glycolysis
2. Calvin cycle
3. Photosystems I and II
4. Krebs cycle and Electron Transport Chain

Numerical Response
12. The order of processes, starting with photosynthesis, is _________, ________, _________,
and _________.

13. When energy is stored long-term in plant cells, it is stored in the form of
A. ATP
B. glucose
C. glycogen
D. starch

14. One mole of glucose yields approximately 2000 kJ of free energy, yet only about 1100 kJ of
energy are utilized in the formation of ATP. Most of the remaining energy is
A. lost as heat
B. used to increase O2 absorption into the ECF
C. excreted with body wastes
D. used to convert glucose to CO2 and H2O

15. The end products of aerobic cellular respiration are

A. water, oxygen and ATP
B. water, oxygen and ADP
C. water, carbon dioxide and ADP
D. water, carbon dioxide and ATP

16. Glycolysis occurs in the

A. thylakoid disks
B. cytoplasm
C. mitochondria
D. chloroplast
17. Glycolysis occurs in the absence of
A. ATP
B. glucose
C. oxygen
D. NAD+

18. The molecule that acts as an electron carrier is

A. Coenzyme A
B. Citric Acid
C. NADH
D. ADP

Numerical Response

19. The net number of ATP directly produced in Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle including Pyruvate
Oxidation (for 2 pyruvate molecules), and the Electron Transport Chain is, respectively
_________, ________, and _________.

20. The Kreb’s Cycle functions within the

A. cytoplasm
B. mitochondrial matrix
C. inner mitochondrial membrane
D. mitochondrial intermembrane space

21. A lab experiment involved growing eukaryotic cells in a nutrient medium that contained only
carbohydrates. Once a culture was established, a chemical treatment was used to disable all
mitochondrial functions. After carefully determining ATP production in each cell after
treatment with the chemical it was noticed that
A. no further ATP production occurred since all stages of cellular respiration occur in the
mitochondria
B. ATP production was reduced because Krebs cycle was not operating but glycolysis was
C. ATP production was not affected because similar reactions occur inside and outside of the
mitochondria
D. ATP production was increased since the mitochondria use more energy than they produce
 Use the following information to answer the next question.

1. NADP+
2. ATP
3. C6H12O6
4. FADH2

Numerical Response
22. The final electron acceptor in the light reaction, the molecule made in the dark reaction, a
molecule made only during the Krebs Cycle, and the molecule made during both the light
reaction and cellular respiration are, respectively_________, ________, _________, and
_________.

23. The electron transport chain functions within the

A. cytoplasm
B. mitochondrial matrix
C. inner mitochondrial membrane
D. chloroplast

24. The poison rotenone is isolated from the root of a South American plant. It prevents NADH
from transferring electrons through the electron transport chain. The effect of rotenone
would be to produce
A. more ATP because anaerobic fermentation would occur
B. less ATP because only glycolysis could function
C. no ATP as glucose could not be oxidized at all
D. the same amount of ATP because Krebs cycle would compensate

25. The greatest amount of ATP production occurs directly during

A. glycolysis
B. electron transport chain
C. Krebs cycle
D. Calvin cycle

26. During cellular respiration, the electrons in the electron transport chain are passed through a
series of carrier molecules to the final electron acceptor which is
A. oxygen
B. carbon dioxide
C. pyruvic acid
D. NAD+
27. In aerobic cellular respiration, the net total number of ATP produced is
A. 6
B. 18
C. 32
D. 36

28. Anaerobic respiration

A. results in the production of large amounts of ATP
B. uses water as a temporary hydrogen acceptor
C. takes place in the absence of oxygen
D. uses only the krebs cycle to produce ATP

29. All of the following statements about anaerobic respiration are true except
A. it includes glycolysis
B. it produces 34 ATP
C. it produces lactic acid
D. it includes alcohol fermentation

30. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration are similar because both produce
A. ATP
B. lactic acid
C. water
D. alcohol

31. When compared to aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration

A. requires oxygen and releases less energy
B. requires oxygen and releases more energy
C. does not require oxygen and releases less energy
D. does not require oxygen and releases more energy
Written Response: Short Answer

1. Write the equation for the photosynthesis reaction in the space below. Write the chemical
formulas AND names of the molecules. (2 marks)

2. Write the equation for the cellular respiration reaction in the space below. Write the chemical
formulas AND names of the molecules. (2 marks)

3. Why are photosynthesis and respiration considered complementary reactions? (1 mark)

4. Why is cellular respiration essential to life? (1 mark)

5. Why is photosynthesis essential to life? (1 mark)

6. Using words or a diagram, explain the process of ADP changing to ATP and ATP changing
back to ADP. (2 marks)
Written Response: Long Answer
7. Of the five (5) main reactions we have studied, choose ONE of those reactions of your liking
and:
 Describe the main reactants in the cycle
 Describe the main products
 Indicate if ATP is produced and/or consumed in the reaction.
 Indicate the NET ATP production for the cycle (if ATP is produced)
 What is the purpose of the reaction? Where are the products used?
(6 marks)

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 Use the following information to answer the following question
Carbohydrate Loading

Anyone interested in sport is likely to have heard of the term 'carbohydrate loading'. However it is
probably one of the most misunderstood terms in sports nutrition. People commonly think anyone
involved in sport needs to 'carb up' and the way to do this is to eat 'flat out' in the days leading up to
an event. Read on to get the facts on carbohydrate loading.

Carbohydrate loading is a strategy involving changes to training and nutrition that can maximize
muscle glycogen (carbohydrate) stores prior to endurance competition. The technique was originally
developed in the late 1960's and typically involved a 3-4 day 'depletion phase' and a 3-4 day 'loading
phase'. Ongoing research has allowed the method to be refined so that modern day carbohydrate
loading is now more manageable for athletes.

Anyone exercising continuously for 90 minutes or longer is likely to benefit from carbohydrate
loading. Typically, sports such as cycling, marathon running, longer distance triathlon, cross-
country skiing and endurance swimming benefit from carbohydrate loading. Shorter term exercise is
unlikely to benefit as the body's usual carbohydrate stores are adequate. Carbohydrate loading is
generally not practical to achieve in team sports where games are played every 3-4 days. It would be
impossible to achieve a full carbohydrate protocol within the weekly schedule of training and games.

Today's endurance athletes use a modified carbohydrate loading method. Ongoing research has
demonstrated that the depletion phase is no longer necessary. This is a bonus for athletes as the
depletion phase was very difficult. Australian marathon runner, Steve Moneghetti has described the
depletion phase as making him feel like "death warmed up". Today, 3-4 days of exercise taper while
following a high carbohydrate diet (7-10g/kg body weight) is sufficient to elevate muscle glycogen
levels.

8.Read the above passage on carbohydrate loading and then write a unified response in the space
provided that includes the following information. Please write in full sentences.

 What is glycogen and why is it formed in human (animal) bodies? (2 marks)

 In terms of cellular respiration, why does “carbohydrate (glycogen) loading” increase
endurance? (2 marks)
 What happens to an athlete’s body during strenuous exercise, in terms of cellular
respiration, when the muscles demand more ATP than is supplied by aerobic respiration?
(2 marks)
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