Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Ecosystem: Home
• Biotic factors • Abiotic factors
Directions: For the problems below identify the ecosystem and then list possible abiotic and biotic factors in the
ecosystem.
Ecosystem: Home
• Biotic Factors: • Abiotic Factors:
• man, woman, dog • carpet, lamp and television
Factors that affect global climate
• latitude
• heat
• area’s proximity to an ocean or mountain range.
Defining Biomes
The map shows the locations of the major biomes.
TROPICAL RAIN
FOREST
home to more species than all the other
biomes combined.
get at least 2 meters of rain a year!
Animals of tropical rainforests
• www.upf.edu900 × 600
TROPICAL RAIN
FOREST
Canopy:
Tall trees
dense, leafy covering
50 to 80 meters above the forest floor.
Understory:
below the canopy,
shorter trees and vines
TROPICAL RAIN FOREST
Biotic Factors – Animal Life
• Many use camouflage to hide
from predators or to match their
surroundings.
• Animals that live in the canopy
have adaptations for climbing,
jumping, and/or flight.
TROPICAL DRY FOREST
• Abiotic Factors
• warm year-round, with
alternating wet and dry seasons.
• rich soils which are subject to
erosion.
Biotic Factors – Plant Life
• Adaptations:
• extra thick waxy layer on leaves
to reduce water loss,
• or they store water in their
tissues.
• seasonal loss of leaves to survive
the dry season.
• A plant that sheds its leaves
during a particular season is
called deciduous.
Biotic Factors – Animal Life
• Adaptaions: • TROPICAL DRY FOREST
• Emigration of animals in dry
season
• reduce need for water by
estivation.
• Estivation long period of
inactivity.
• similar to hibernation, but
typically takes place during a dry
season. • Snails in estivation
TROPICAL
GRASSLAND/SAVANNA/SHRUBLAND
Abiotic Factors
–warm, with seasonal rainfall.
–Compact soil
–frequent fires set by lightning.
TROPICAL
GRASSLAND/SAVANNA/SHRUBLAND
Biotic Factors – Plant Life
Adaptations
waxy leaf coverings to
prevent water loss.
seasonal leaf loss.
Some grasses have a
high silica content that
makes them less
appetizing to grazing
herbivores.
TROPICAL
GRASSLAND/SAVANNA/SHRUBLAND
Biotic Factors – Animal
Life
Adaptations:
Migration in dry
season to search for
water.
Some smaller
animals burrow and
remain dormant
during the dry
season.
DESERT
Abiotic Factors
low precipitation and variable
temperatures.
Their soils are rich in
minerals, but poor in organic
material.
Biotic Factors – Plant Life
Adaptations:
Plants like cacti store water in
their tissues
Small leaf surface area to cut
down on water loss.
Cactus spines are actually
modified leaves.
Biotic Factors – Plant Life DESERT
–Modified photosynthesis--
some plants leaf pores open
only at night, so they can
conserve moisture on hot,
dry days.
Biotic Factors – Animal Life
–get the water from the food
they eat.
–nocturnal—to avoid the day
time heat.
–Large or elongated ears,
many blood vessels close to
the surface to help the
animal lose body heat and
regulate body temperature.
Long-eared Jerboa,
TEMPERATE GRASSLAND
Biotic Factors – Plant Life Biotic Factors – Animal
Life
–Grasses are resistant –Open, exposed
to grazing and fire. environments make
–Wind dispersal of predation a constant
seeds threat for smaller
–grassland plants help animals.
establish and retain –Camouflage and
deep, rich, fertile topsoil. burrowing are two
common protective
adaptations.
TEMPERATE WOODLAND AND SHRUBLAND
–Communities that are
more shrubland than
forest are known as
chaparral.
Abiotic Factors
–hot dry summers
–cool moist winters.
–thin, nutrient-poor soils
–periodic fires.
TEMPERATE WOODLAND AND SHRUBLAND
Biotic Factors – Plant Life Biotic Factors – Animal Life
–tough waxy leaves that –varied diets of grasses,
resist water loss. leaves, shrubs etc.
–Some seeds are fire –camouflage is common.
resistant
–Some seeds need fire
to germinate.
• Abiotic Factors
TEMPERATE FORESTS • cold to moderate winters and warm
summers.
• year-round precipitation and fertile
• Biotic Factors – Plant Life soils.
• Deciduous trees drop their leaves and • The fertile soils are rich in humus
go into a state of dormancy in winter. material formed from decaying leaves
• Conifers have needlelike leaves that and other organic matter.
minimize water loss in dry winter air.
• Biotic Factors – Animal Life
• Some animals hibernate,
• Others migrate to warmer climates.
• Animals that do not hibernate or
migrate may be camouflaged to
escape predation in the winter.
NORTHWESTERN CONIFEROUS FOREST
–moist air from the Pacific
Ocean influenced by the
Rocky Mountains provides
abundant rainfall to this
biome.
–Due to the lush
vegetation it is sometimes
called a “temperate rain
forest.”
NORTHWESTERN CONIFEROUS FOREST