Two Phase Running Protection of Three Phase Auto- Compensated Power

Voltage Stabilizer

Wei Wu, Fellow, IEEE

Wenzhou Metallurgical Machinery Plant
Wenzhou, Zhejiang
P. R. China

phases. As result, unbalanced current that

ABSTRACT may damage the transformer increases
It is well know that the three phases shortly. In this paper we introduce a new
auto-compensated power voltage stabilizer, method to detect above lack phase fault.
as well as the equipment attaching to the A prototype o f the new lack phase
stabilizer, may be damaged when one of detecting device is also introduced.
three phase’s power supplies turns to
wrong with only two phase working. There I. Introduction
is a lot of lack phase protecting
devices available but all of theses fail The three phases auto-compensated power
to work on the three-phase power voltage stabilizer is wildly used in
stabilizer. Because when one phase of recent years due to the high voltage
power supply failing, the three-phase stability requirement of electronic
voltage transformer, a key device in the equipment and the shortage of power
stabilizer, produces a new phase power in supply Considering that the voltage
the same amplitude and phase as lacked stabilizers play an important roller in
power has, which masks the fact that there power supply, lots of fault protecting
are only two phase powers supplying the devices including over load protect, high
power that should be the duty of three voltage protect, low voltage protect and

control
ect
uit

Fig 1 Typical Three Phase Auto-compensated Power Voltage Stabilizer

7803-3773-.5/97/$10.00 0 1997 YEEE

lack phase protect are developed. Fig. 2 shown. When the stabilizer is on
light load and one phase of power fault
There are lots of type lack phase occurs, for example, phase C is lacking,
protecting devices available in market coils of phase A and B in the three phase'
today. All of them or measure the phases voltage transformer will act as the first
of power, or check the voltage of the sides of the transformer and generate a
power on-line to monitor whether the power new voltage in the coil of phase C that
phase changed greatly or one phase voltage acts as the second side of the
falls to low. Unfortunately, all of transformer. The result of phase A and B
those devices, performing very well in overlaying should be C" in Fig 2 but
other equipment, may fail to work, finally appears in the coil C as C' due to
particularly under the low load the direction of coil C.
condition.

2. A Virtual Phase Deceive The Lack Phase

Detect Device Bz--J=i=
A

A typical three phases auto-compensated

power voltage stabilizer is shown as Fig
1. Here, the voltage monitor circuit
compares the output voltage with standard
voltage parameter and, if the difference
exit, sends compensation signal to drive
C' 4 C"

motor M, the motor rotating. Because the

motor axle is connected with the three
phases contact regulator, the regulator
also acts and outputs a compensation N I
voltage that finally overlays the output
Fig 2 Transformer Deduced Virtual Phase
voltage through the three phases and Its Vector Chart
compensating transformer. The output
voltage adjusted. The process of It is appear in the Fig. 2 that the C' is
adjusting goes on until there is no in the same direction as the true power
difference between output voltage and phase C, due to coil A, B, C having the
standard voltage. The stable output same circle number, their voltage
voltage is maintained. amplitudes are also the same. In other
words, there is no deference between
To simplify the problem, let's convert virtual phase C' and original phase C, so
the contact regulator and voltage that the lack phase detecting devices fail
transformer into a voltage transformer as to work.

+9v

yp:
c
I I I
N
ir

Fig. 3 New lack phase protector by means of monitoring current of virtual voltage
Considering that when the load of that the possible damage caused by lack
stabilizer increase, the amplitude of C 1 phase is avoid.
will decrease shortly, we called this
deduced phase as "virtual phase. A

3. A New Method To Detect Lack Phase Fail In

Three Phase Stabilizer
1

Now we face the difficulty to detect the 0 / 6 ms/ ' t

lack phase fault in old way. The trouble ( a )
comes from the three phases voltage
transformer. If we were able to detect
when the transformer generating the
"virtual phase, we are successful to
detect the lack phase fault.

After observe the transformer carefully,

we find that although the voltage of the
transformer has no change when it
generating the virtual voltage, its
working statue already changed. The Fig. 4 Current Signal of Three Phase
transformer no longer acts as the load of Stabilizer
the power and draws current in, it
generates the power and puts out current! 5. CONCLUSIONS
In other words, we could detect the lack
phase fault by means of detecting the
direction of current that directly Our researches in this paper reveal the
indicates the lack phase fault of the fact that when lacking phase failure
power. occur, the three phases transformer, a key
part in the three phases stabilizer,
generates a virtual voltage that makes
4. Designing A New Lack Phase Protect Device general lack phase detector fail to work.
We also design a new lack phase detector
According to above opinion , we design a
that can monitor the opposite current
new lack phase detect device as Fig. 3
caused by the virtual voltage and switch
shown. In the Fig 3, the current signals
off the stabilizer in time. In this way,
coming from current-couplers L1 L2 L3 are
we are successful in protecting the
cut into current pulses by diodes D1 D2
stabilizer from lack phase damage and get
D3. The transistor BG1 inputting port b
satisfactory results.
gets the pulse current signal ranking
uniformly as Fig 4 (a) shown. When one References
of three phase powers fails, the
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causes an opposite current. The current Power Voltage-Stabilizer, China Tong Guang Electronic
signal in the transformer port b is shown Co.
as Fig. 4 (b). Time-base IC IC1 and
BG1, C1, R1, W1 consist pulse detecting [Z] Electronics Teaching Office, Zhejiang University,
circuit. The C1 charge time Tdl = 1.1
Electronics, The People's Educational Press, 1979.
(Rl+Wl)C1>6.6 ms so that the C1 is shorted [3] China Electronic society, English Chinese Computer
by BG1 every 6.6 ms before being charged dictionary, People's Post and Telecommunications
high enough to turn IC1 output level Publisher, 1984.
high, the relay J keeping inactive. When
lack phase occurring, the current signal [4] Jin Xianhong, 555 Timebase IC 500 Applications,
in Fig. 4 has a inter-pulse gap as Fig. Chendu Science and Technology University Press. T1994.
4 (b) shown. During this gap time, the
voltage of C1 is charged high enough to
turn the IC1 output level high; the relay
acts and cuts the stabilizer control
power. T h e stabilizer is switched off so