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1.

Adding large numbers


Adding large numbers just in your head can be
difficult. This method shows how to simplify this
process by making all the numbers a multiple of
10. Here is an example:
644 + 238
While these numbers are hard to contend with,
rounding them up will make them more
manageable. So, 644 becomes 650 and 238
becomes 240.
Now, add 650 and 240 together. The total is
890. To find the answer to the original equation,
it must be determined how much we added to
the numbers to round them up.
650 – 644 = 6 and 240 – 238 = 2
Now, add 6 and 2 together for a total of 8
To find the answer to the original equation, 8
must be subtracted from the 890.
890 – 8 = 882
So the answer to 644 +238 is 882.
2. Subtracting from 1,000
Here’s a basic rule to subtract a large
number from 1,000: Subtract every
number except the last from 9 and
subtract the final number from 10
For example:
1,000 – 556
Step 1: Subtract 5 from 9 = 4
Step 2: Subtract 5 from 9 = 4
Step 3: Subtract 6 from 10 = 4
The answer is 444.
3. Multiplying 5 times any
number
When multiplying the number 5 by an even
number, there is a quick way to find the answer.
For example, 5 x 4 =
 Step 1: Take the number being multiplied by 5
and cut it in half, this makes the number 4
become the number 2.
 Step 2: Add a zero to the number to find the
answer. In this case, the answer is 20.
5 x 4 = 20
When multiplying an odd number times 5, the
formula is a bit different.
For instance, consider 5 x 3.
 Step 1: Subtract one from the number being
multiplied by 5, in this instance the number 3
becomes the number 2.
 Step 2: Now halve the number 2, which makes
it the number 1. Make 5 the last digit. The
number produced is 15, which is the answer.
5 x 3 = 15
4. Division tricks
Here’s a quick way to know when a
number can be evenly divided by these
certain numbers:
 10 if the number ends in 0
 9 when the digits are added together
and the total is evenly divisible by 9
 8 if the last three digits are evenly
divisible by 8 or are 000
 6 if it is an even number and when the
digits are added together the answer is
evenly divisible by 3
 5 if it ends in a 0 or 5
 4 if it ends in 00 or a two digit number
that is evenly divisible by 4
 3 when the digits are added together
and the result is evenly divisible by the
number 3
 2 if it ends in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8

5. Multiplying by 9
This is an easy method that is helpful for
multiplying any number by 9. Here is
how it works:
Let’s use the example of 9 x 3.
Step 1: Subtract 1 from the number that
is being multiplied by 9.
3–1=2
The number 2 is the first number in the
answer to the equation.
Step 2: Subtract that number from the
number 9.
9–2=7
The number 7 is the second number in
the answer to the equation.
So, 9 x 3 = 27
6. 10 and 11 times tricks
The trick to multiplying any number by 10 is to add a zero to the
end of the number. For example, 62 x 10 = 620.

There is also an easy trick for multiplying any two-digit number by


11. Here it is:

11 x 25

Take the original two-digit number and put a space between the
digits. In this example, that number is 25.

2_5

Now add those two numbers together and put the result in the
center:

2_(2 + 5)_5

2_7_5

The answer to 11 x 25 is 275.

If the numbers in the center add up to a number with two digits,


insert the second number and add 1 to the first one. Here is an
example for the equation 11 x 88

8_(8 +8)_8

(8 + 1)_6_8

9_6_8

There is the answer to 11 x 88: 968


7. Percentage
Finding a percentage of a number
can be somewhat tricky, but thinking
about it in the right terms makes it
much easier to understand. For
instance, to find out what 5% of 235
is, follow this method:
 Step 1: Move the decimal point over
by one place, 235 becomes 23.5.
 Step 2: Divide 23.5 by the number 2,
the answer is 11.75. That is also the
answer to the original equation.
8. Quickly square a two-
digit number that ends in 5
Let’s use the number 35 as an
example.
 Step 1: Multiply the first digit by itself
plus 1.
 Step 2: Put a 25 at the end.
35 squared = [3 x (3 + 1)] & 25
[3 x (3 + 1)] = 12
12 & 25 = 1225
35 squared = 1225
9. Tough multiplication
When multiplying large numbers, if one
of the numbers is even, divide the first
number in half, and then double the
second number. This method will solve
the problem quickly. For instance,
consider
20 x 120
Step 1: Divide the 20 by 2, which equals
10. Double 120, which equals 240.
Then multiply your two answers
together.
10 x 240 = 2400
The answer to 20 x 120 is 2,400.
10. Multiplying numbers
that end in zero
Multiplying numbers that end in zero is
actually quite simple. It involves
multiplying the other numbers together
and then adding the zeros at the end.
For instance, consider:
200 x 400
Step 1: Multiply the 2 times the 4
2x4=8
Step 2: Put all four of the zeros after the
8
80,000
200 x 400= 80,000

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