 Introduction of eddy current.

 Introduction of eddy current brake.

 Types of eddy current brake.
 Circular eddy current brake.
 Linear eddy current brake.
 Working principle.
 Advantages and Disadvantages.
 Application and future aspects.
 conclusion

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 When a magnetic core ( or conductor ) is
subjected to a time varying magnetic
field , voltages are induced in all possible
paths enclosing the flux.
 Voltage produces circulating currents in
the core. These currents are known as
eddy currents.
 These circulating eddies of current
have inductance and thus induce
magnetic flux.

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 Itslows an object by creating eddy
currents .
 Braking action is made by varying the
strength of the magnetic field.
 Braking force depends on speed of
object.
 A braking force is possible when electric
current is passed through the
electromagnets.

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 Circular eddy current
brakes
 Linear eddy current
brakes

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 Brake assembly is circular in shape.
 Consist of a disc (rotor) made up of
magnetic material.
 Disc is placed between poles .
 Conductor coils are wound on poles to
create magnetic field.
 The movement of the disc through the
magnetic field of the electromagnets
creates eddy currents in the discs.

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 The principle of the linear eddy current
brake has been described by the French
physicist Foucault.
 The linear eddy current brake consists of
a magnetic yoke with electrical coils
positioned along the rail.
 This magnet does not touch the rail, but is
held at a constant small distance from the
rail (approximately 7 mm).

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 Eddy current brake is based on two basic
laws of electromagnetics , which are
 Faraday’s law

e = - d/dt

 Lenzlaw :- “An induced electromotive

force (emf) always gives rise to a current
whose magnetic field opposes the
original change in magnetic flux”

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Magnetic field lines across the
magnetic material inside a copper tube

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 Electromagnets produce magnetic field from
supplied current .
 Due to change in magnetic flux linkage(with
time) EMF is induced in conductor (disc).
 EMF produces eddy currents in disc.
 Eddy Currents produce another magnetic field
opposing the first field.
 Opposing magnetic fields create force that
reduces velocity.

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(Arrangement of ECB in high speed trains)
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 V =0 Pole core V>0

coil
S
N S N
F B

F F
F
N
A
A

Rail Flux lines

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 The braking energy of the vehicle is
converted in eddy current losses which
lead to a warming of the rail.
 Braking force is low at low speeds and
high at high speeds.
 Copper and aluminum is used as
winding materials.
 permanent magnets can be used
instead of electromagnets , thus not
requiring any power supply.

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No contact, therefore no wear or tear.
 No noise or smell.
 Adjustable brake force.
 High brake forces at high speeds.
 It uses electromagnetic force instead of
friction.
 Can be activated at will via electrical
signal.
 Low maintenance.
 Light weight.

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Braking force diminishes as speed
diminishes.
 no ability to hold the load in position at
standstill.
ECB is used with ordinary mechanical
brakes.
 very tough design and simulation.

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 In high speed trains.
 In roller coaster for
braking and smooth
functioning.
 It is also used in vehicles
but still not widely used.

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 Infuture ordinary brakes will be
replaced by the ECB completely.
 By the use of ECB in future we can control
high speed train completely.
 By some new invention of extra
mechanism we can use ECB for slow
speed vehicles also.

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 ECB is a good invention for the speed
control of high speed vehicles
 We can control the speed of high speed
vehicles without wear and tear .
 Drawback of ordinary mechanical
braking system can be overcome by
application of ECB.
 It makes use of opposing tendency
of eddy current.

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 www.google.co.in
 www.explainthatstuff.com/eddy-current-
brakes
 www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current_
brake/
 www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current

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