1.

0 RESULTS

Agitation rate
Temperature: 30°C
Flowrate: 2.0 L/min
Time (s) RPM
800 680 560 440 320
5 16.6 9.8 18.0 5.24 4.26
10 35.8 24.8 28.3 12.4 7.93
15 44.7 38.8 37.1 23.7 14.4
20 56.9 48.5 43.3 25.2 17.5
25 62.1 57.7 50.5 30.1 22.2
30 69.9 64.6 56.8 37.0 25.6
35 75.2 71.0 61.4 42.5 30.5
40 80.7 75.7 65.8 48.1 33.9
45 84.9 79.1 69.4 52.2 38.1
50 88.1 81.8 72.1 56.1 41.6
55 89.5 83.9 74.7 59.2 44.7
60 91.5 85.5 76.4 61.8 47.1
65 92.4 87.0 78.0 64.5 49.7
70 93.4 88.0 79.4 66.9 57.5
75 94.0 88.7 80.6 68.8 54.5
80 94.5 89.3 81.6 70.6 56.6
85 95.0 89.8 82.3 72.1 59.0
90 95.6 90.3 83.0 73.4 60.3
95 95.8 90.7 83.6 74.7 62.4
100 95.9 91.1 83.9 75.9 63.7
105 96.0 91.3 84.4 76.6 65.3
PO2 (%) 110 96.4 91.6 84.7 77.2 66.3
115 96.6 91.8 85.1 78.3 67.4
120 96.7 91.9 85.3 78.7 68.7
125 96.9 92.0 85.6 79.2 70.0
130 97.0 92.2 85.8 79.8 70.6
135 97.1 92.4 86.0 80.1 71.4
140 97.3 92.6 86.3 80.6 72.2
145 97.5 92.7 86.3 80.8 73.0
150 97.5 92.7 86.4 81.1 73.7
155 97.5 92.8 86.5 81.5 74.3
160 92.9 86.7 81.6 74.7
165 93.0 86.7 81.9 75.3
170 93.1 86.9 82.0 75.8
175 93.1 87.0 82.2 76.4
180 93.2 87.0 82.5 76.6
185 93.3 87.0 82.6 76.8
190 93.3 82.7 77.1
195 93.3 82.9 77.5
200 82.9 77.6
 205 83.0 78.0
210 83.1 78.4
215 83.1 78.6
220 83.1 78.7
225 83.1 78.9
230 79.0
235 79.3
240 79.3
245 79.5
250 79.6
255 79.8
260 80.0
265 80.0
270 80.2
275 80.2
280 80.3
285 80.4
290 80.4
295 80.5
300 80.5
305 80.5

Time (s) RPM

800 680 560 440 320
[ln(C*-CL)] [ln(C*-CL)] [ln(C*-CL)] [ln(C*-CL)] [ln(C*-CL)]
5 4.423648 4.502029 4.406719 4.551347 4.561636
10 4.162003 4.320151 4.272491 4.472781 4.522549
15 4.012773 4.114147 4.141546 4.334673 4.449685
20 3.763523 3.941582 4.037774 4.314818 4.412798
25 3.634951 3.744787 3.901973 4.247066 4.354141
30 3.404525 3.566712 3.76584 4.143135 4.309456
35 3.210844 3.367296 3.653252 4.051785 4.241327
40 2.960105 3.190476 3.532226 3.949319 4.191169
45 2.714695 3.039749 3.421 3.867026 4.12552
50 2.476538 2.901422 3.328627 3.781914 4.067316
55 2.351375 2.778819 3.230804 3.708682 4.012773
60 2.140066 2.674149 3.161247 3.642836 3.968403
65 2.028148 2.564949 3.091042 3.569533 3.918005
70 1.88707 2.484907 3.025291 3.499533 3.749504
PO2 (%) 75 1.791759 2.424803 2.965273 3.440418 3.817712
80 1.704748 2.370244 2.912351 3.380995 3.770459
85 1.609438 2.322388 2.873565 3.328627 3.713572
90 1.481605 2.272126 2.833213 3.280911 3.681351
95 1.435085 2.230014 2.797281 3.230804 3.627004
100 1.410987 2.186051 2.778819 3.182212 3.591818
105 1.386294 2.163323 2.747271 3.152736 3.54674
110 1.280934 2.128232 2.727853 3.126761 3.517498
115 1.223775 2.104134 2.701361 3.077312 3.484312
120 1.193922 2.091864 2.687847 3.058707 3.443618
125 1.131402 2.079442 2.667228 3.034953 3.401197
130 1.098612 2.054124 2.653242 3.005683 3.380995
135 1.064711 2.028148 2.639057 2.99072 3.353407
140 0.993252 2.00148 2.617396 2.965273 3.325036
145 0.916291 1.987874 2.617396 2.95491 3.295837
150 0.916291 1.987874 2.61007 2.939162 3.269569
155 0.916291 1.974081 2.60269 2.917771 3.246491
160 1.960095 2.587764 2.912351 3.230804
165 1.94591 2.587764 2.895912 3.206803
170 1.931521 2.572612 2.890372 3.186353
175 1.931521 2.564949 2.879198 3.161247
180 1.916923 2.564949 2.862201 3.152736
185 1.902108 2.564949 2.85647 3.144152
190 1.902108 2.850707 3.131137
195 1.902108 2.839078 3.113515
200 2.839078 3.109061
205 2.833213 3.091042
210 2.827314 3.072693
215 2.827314 3.063391
220 2.827314 3.058707
225 2.827314 3.049273
230 3.044522
235 3.030134
240 3.030134
 245 3.020425
250 3.015535
255 3.005683
260 2.995732
265 2.995732
270 2.985682
275 2.985682
280 2.980619
285 2.97553
290 2.97553
295 2.970414
300 2.970414
305 2.970414

a) At 800 RPM

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
5
4.5
4
3.5
ln(C*-CL)

3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5 y = -0.0229x + 3.9192
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
time(t)
b) At 680 RPM

Graph of ln(C*-CL) VS t
5
4.5
4
3.5
ln(C*-CL)

3 y = -0.0362x + 4.6651
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
time(t)

c) At 560 RPM

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
5
4.5
4
3.5
ln(C*-CL)

3
2.5
y = -0.0092x + 3.927
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 50 100 150 200
Time (t)
d) At 440 RPM

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
5
4.5
4
3.5
ln(C*-CL)

3
2.5 y = -0.0075x + 4.1744
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Time (t)

e) At 320 RPM

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
5
4.5
4
3.5
ln(C*-CL)

3
2.5 y = -0.0051x + 4.2385
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Time (t)
AERATION
Temperature: 30°C
Agitation rate: 400 rpm
Time (s) Aeration (L/min)
0.6 1.0 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 1.67 0.68 1.17 1.31
15 1.71 0.72 5.51 4.35 6.06 5.64
20 5.32 3.27 10.2 9.51 11.3 10.8
25 9.23 3.00 16.4 15.3 17.7 17.9
30 13.9 7.21 22.7 21.9 24.0 25.6
35 18.3 12.6 28.0 26.8 30.1 33.8
40 23.7 18.2 33.5 32.8 37.5 41.1
45 28.2 24.3 38.7 40.1 43.0 46.9
50 32.2 35.1 43.8 45.7 48.7 53.0
55 36.7 40.1 48.6 50.7 53.8 58.2
60 40.9 44.6 53.4 55.2 58.8 63.1
65 44.5 49.1 57.8 59.6 63.3 68.0
PO2 (%) 70 48.5 53.5 61.2 63.3 67.3 71.4
75 51.9 57.1 64.6 66.8 70.7 75.8
80 55.3 60.6 67.6 70.4 74.2 78.3
85 58.3 64.0 70.3 73.8 77.1 81.1
90 61.2 67.7 73.2 76.6 79.5 83.4
95 63.7 69.9 75.5 78.7 82.1 85.8
100 66.2 72.6 77.8 80.9 84.0 87.8
105 68.6 75.1 79.9 83.0 86.0 89.1
110 70.7 77.0 81.6 84.8 87.7 90.7
115 72.6 79.2 83.4 86.6 89.3 92.1
120 74.3 81.1 84.9 88.1 90.4 93.2
125 76.2 82.7 86.3 89.3 91.8 94.5
130 77.9 84.2 87.7 90.7 92.8 95.1
135 79.4 85.6 88.9 91.8 93.7 95.9
140 90.9 87.1 90.1 92.8 94.5 96.6
145 82.0 88.2 91.0 93.6 95.2 97.2
150 83.4 89.3 92.0 94.5 96.0 97.7
155 84.5 90.4 92.7 95.1 96.6 98.0
160 85.5 91.2 93.4 95.6 97.2 98.5
165 86.6 92.1 94.1 96.3 97.7 98.9
170 87.5 92.8 94.8 96.9 98.1 99.2
175 88.4 93.5 95.3 97.4 98.6 99.5
180 89.3 94.2 95.9 97.9 98.8 99.8
185 89.9 94.9 96.4 98.2 99.1 100
190 90.6 95.3 96.8 98.5 99.5
195 91.4 95.9 97.3 98.8 99.7
200 92.0 96.3 97.6 99.1 100
205 92.5 96.7 98.0 99.4
210 93.2 97.1 98.3 99.6
 215 93.7 97.5 98.6 99.8
220 94.1 97.9 98.9 100
225 94.6 98.1 99.1
230 95.1 98.5 99.4
235 95.4 98.8 99.6
240 95.8 99.0 99.8
245 96.2 99.2 99.9
250 96.5 99.5 100
255 96.8 99.6
260 97.1 99.8
265 97.4 100
270 97.6
275 97.9
280 98.0
285 98.3
290 98.5
395 98.7
300 98.9
305 99.1
310 99.3
315 99.4
320 99.5
325 99.7
330 99.8
335 99.9
340 100

Time (s) Aeration (L/min)

0.6 1.0 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4
ln(C*-CL) ln(C*-CL) ln(C*-CL) ln(C*-CL) ln(C*-CL) ln(C*-CL)
5 4.60517 4.60517 4.60517 4.60517 4.60517 4.60517
10 4.60517 4.60517 4.588329 4.598347 4.593401 4.591984
15 4.60517 4.597944 4.548494 4.560696 4.542656 4.547117
20 4.587922 4.571924 4.497585 4.505239 4.48526 4.490881
25 4.550503 4.574711 4.426044 4.439116 4.410371 4.407938
30 4.508329 4.530339 4.347694 4.35799 4.330733 4.309456
35 4.455509 4.470495 4.276666 4.293195 4.247066 4.19268
40 4.403054 4.404277 4.197202 4.207673 4.135167 4.075841
45 4.334673 4.326778 4.11578 4.092677 4.043051 3.972177
50 4.273884 4.172848 4.028917 3.994524 3.937691 3.850148
PO2 (%)
55 4.216562 4.092677 3.939638 3.897924 3.83298 3.732896
60 4.147885 4.01458 3.841601 3.802208 3.718438 3.608212
65 4.079231 3.929863 3.74242 3.69883 3.602777 3.465736
70 4.016383 3.839452 3.65842 3.602777 3.487375 3.353407
75 3.941582 3.758872 3.566712 3.50255 3.377588 3.186353
80 3.873282 3.673766 3.478158 3.387774 3.250374 3.077312
85 3.799974 3.583519 3.391147 3.265759 3.131137 2.939162
90 3.730501 3.475067 3.288402 3.152736 3.020425 2.809403
95 3.65842 3.404525 3.198673 3.058707 2.884801 2.653242
100 3.591818 3.310543 3.100092 2.949688 2.772589 2.501436
105 3.520461 3.214868 3.00072 2.833213 2.639057 2.388763
110 3.446808 3.135494 2.912351 2.721295 2.509599 2.230014
115 3.377588 3.034953 2.809403 2.595255 2.370244 2.066863
120 3.310543 2.939162 2.714695 2.476538 2.261763 1.916923
125 3.246491 2.850707 2.617396 2.370244 2.104134 1.704748
130 3.169686 2.76001 2.509599 2.230014 1.974081 1.589235
135 3.095578 2.667228 2.406945 2.104134 1.84055 1.410987
140 3.025291 2.557227 2.292535 1.974081 1.704748 1.223775
145 2.208274 2.4681 2.197225 1.856298 1.568616 1.029619
150 2.890372 2.370244 2.079442 1.704748 1.386294 0.832909
155 2.809403 2.261763 1.987874 1.589235 1.223775 0.693147
160 2.74084 2.174752 1.88707 1.481605 1.029619 0.405465
165 2.674149 2.066863 1.774952 1.308333 0.832909 0.09531
170 2.595255 1.974081 1.648659 1.131402 0.641854 -0.22314
175 2.525729 1.871802 1.547563 0.955511 0.336472 -0.69315
180 2.451005 1.757858 1.410987 0.741937 0.182322 -1.60944
185 2.370244 1.629241 1.280934 0.587787 -0.10536 INFINITY
190 2.312535 1.547563 1.163151 0.405465 -0.69315
195 2.24071 1.410987 0.993252 0.182322 -1.20397
200 2.151762 1.308333 0.875469 -0.10536 INFINITY
205 2.079442 1.193922 0.693147 -0.51083
210 2.014903 1.064711 0.530628 -0.91629
215 1.916923 0.916291 0.336472 -1.60944
220 1.84055 0.741937 0.09531 INFINITY
225 1.774952 0.641854 -0.10536
230 1.686399 0.405465 -0.51083
235 1.589235 0.182322 -0.91629
240 1.526056 0 -1.60944
245 1.435085 -0.22314 -2.30259
250 1.335001 -0.69315 INFINITY
255 1.252763 -0.91629
260 1.163151 -1.60944
265 1.064711 INFINITY
270 0.955511
275 0.875469
280 0.741937
285 0.693147
290 0.530628
395 0.405465
300 0.262364
305 0.09531
310 -0.10536
315 -0.35667
320 -0.51083
325 -0.69315
330 -1.20397
335 -1.60944
340 -2.30259
a) At 0.6 L/min

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6
5
4
3
ln(C*-CL)

2
1 y = -0.0162x + 5.1559
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
-1
-2
-3
Time (t)

b) At 1.0 L/min

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6

3
ln(C*-CL)

2
y = -0.0211x + 5.2928
1

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
-1

-2
Time (t)
c) At 1.2 L/min

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6
5
4
3
ln(C*-CL)

2
1 y = -0.0232x + 5.2572
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
-1
-2
-3
Time (t)

d) At 1.6 L/min

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6

3
ln(C*-CL)

2
y = -0.0256x + 5.2862
1

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
-1

-2
Time (t)
e) At 2.0 L/min

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6

3
ln(C*-CL)

2
y = -0.0272x + 5.2661
1

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
-1

-2
Time (t)

f) At 2.4 L/min

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6

3
ln(C*-CL)

2
y = -0.0305x + 5.3163
1

0
0 50 100 150 200
-1

-2
Time (t)
TEMPERATURE
Flowrate = 2.0 L/min
Agitation rate: 400 rpm
Time (s) Temperature (°C)
35 40 45 50
5 5.36 6.61 1.73 0.80
10 10.1 13.60 7.22 6.08
15 15.6 19.20 14.7 13.0
20 20.2 26.70 22.9 20.1
25 26.1 34.70 29.0 28.5
30 32.0 41.50 36.7 36.9
35 38.4 50.40 42.3 44.8
40 41.4 57.80 47.5 52.9
45 44.8 62.90 52.5 59.8
50 48.0 66.80 57.4 65.6
55 51.1 70.90 61.4 71.8
60 53.9 74.90 64.9 76.6
65 56.2 78.80 70.2 80.3
70 58.4 81.60 72.8 84.2
75 60.1 84.50 75.9 87.8
PO2 (%) 80 61.6 86.70 78.8 90.3
85 63.4 89.90 81.4 92.4
90 64.1 90.90 83.9 94.4
95 65.2 92.60 86.5 96.1
100 66.2 94.00 88.3 97.7
105 67.0 95.30 90.1 99.1
110 67.7 96.40 91.6 100
115 68.3 97.50 93.2
120 69.0 98.10 94.6
125 69.4 98.80 96.0
130 70.0 99.40 97.1
135 70.3 99.80 97.9
140 70.6 100.00 99.4
145 70.9 100.00 100.0
150 71.1
155 71.3
160 71.7
165 72.0
170 72.0
175 72.2
180 72.4
185 72.5
190 72.6
195 72.7
200 72.7
205 72.7
 Time (s) Temperature (°C)
35 40 45 50
ln(C*-CL) ln(C*-CL) ln(C*-CL) ln(C*-CL)
5 4.55008 4.536784 4.587719 4.597138
10 4.498698 4.458988 4.530231 4.542443
15 4.435567 4.391977 4.446174 4.465908
20 4.379524 4.294561 4.345103 4.380776
25 4.302713 4.178992 4.26268 4.269697
30 4.219508 4.069027 4.147885 4.144721
35 4.120662 3.903991 4.055257 4.010963
40 4.070735 3.74242 3.960813 3.852273
45 4.010963 3.613617 3.86073 3.693867
50 3.951244 3.50255 3.751854 3.538057
PO2 (%) 55 3.889777 3.370738 3.653252 3.339322
60 3.830813 3.222868 3.558201 3.152736
65 3.779634 3.054001 3.394508 2.980619
70 3.7281 2.912351 3.303217 2.76001
75 3.686376 2.74084 3.182212 2.501436
80 3.648057 2.587764 3.054001 2.272126
85 3.600048 2.312535 2.923162 2.028148
90 3.580737 2.208274 2.778819 1.722767
95 3.549617 2.00148 2.60269 1.360977
100 3.520461 1.791759 2.459589 0.832909
105 3.496508 1.547563 2.292535 -0.10536
110 3.475067 1.280934 2.128232 INFINITY
115 3.456317 0.916291 1.916923
120 3.433987 0.641854 1.686399
125 3.421 0.182322 1.386294
130 3.401197 -0.51083 1.064711
135 3.391147 -1.60944 0.741937
140 3.380995 INFINITY -0.51083
145 3.370738 INFINITY #NUM!
150 3.363842
155 3.356897
160 3.342862
 165 3.332205
170 3.332205
175 3.325036
180 3.317816
185 3.314186
190 3.310543
195 3.306887
200 3.306887
205 3.306887

a) At 35 degree celcius

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
5
4.5
4 y = -0.0059x + 4.2848
3.5
ln(C*-CL)

3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Time (t)
b) At 40 degree celcius

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6

3
ln(C*-CL)

2
y = -0.0384x + 5.2698
1

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
-1

-2
Time (t)

c) At 45 degree celcius

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6

4
ln(C/8-CL)

2
y = -0.031x + 5.2073
1

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
-1
Time (t)
d) At 50 degree celcius

Graph of ln(C*-CL) vs t
6

4
ln(C*-CL)

2
y = -0.0429x + 5.3917
1

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
-1
Time (t)
Agitation rate
Temperature: 30°C
Flowrate: 2.0 L/min

Agitation (RPM) kLa

800 0.0229
680 0.0362
560 0.0092
440 0.0075
320 0.0051

Graph of kLa vs Agitation

0.04
0.035
0.03
0.025
kLa

0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Agitation (RPM)
AERATION
Temperature: 30°C
Agitation rate: 400 rpm

Aeration (L/min) kLa

0.6 0.0162
1.0 0.0211
1.2 0.0232
1.6 0.0256
2.0 0.0272
2.4 0.0305

Graph of kLa vs Aeration

0.035

0.03

0.025

0.02
kLa

0.015

0.01

0.005

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Aeration (L/min)
TEMPERATURE
Flowrate = 2.0 L/min
Agitation rate: 400 rpm

Temperature (ºc) kLa

35 0.0059
40 0.0384
45 0.0310
50 0.0429

Graph of kLa vs Temperature

0.05
0.045
0.04
0.035
0.03
kLa

0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Temperature (ºc)
Sample of Calculation:

Agitation rate
Temperature: 30°C
Flowrate: 2.0 L/min

By using ‘static gassing-out technique’ :

𝑚𝑔 𝑂2 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑂𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 = 𝐶𝐿 ( ⁄ )
𝐿 𝐿

𝑑𝐶𝐿
= 𝑂𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒(𝑂𝑇𝑅) − 𝑂𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑝𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒(𝑂𝑈𝑅)
𝑑𝑡

(OUR) is assumed to be zero since we are using distilled water instead of microorganism.

𝑑𝐶𝐿
= 𝑂𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒(𝑂𝑇𝑅)
𝑑𝑡

𝑂𝑇𝑅 = 𝑘𝐿 𝑎(𝐶 ∗ − 𝐶𝐿 )

𝑑𝐶𝐿
= 𝑘𝐿 𝑎(𝐶 ∗ − 𝐶𝐿 )
𝑑𝑡

By integrating:

𝑙𝑛(𝐶 ∗ − 𝐶𝐿 ) = −𝑘𝐿 𝑎𝑡

y-axis = ln (C*-CL)
gradient = -kLa
x-axis = t