Rad Frac Diap

RadFrac
Universidad
Objective: Autónoma de
Nuevo León
Discuss the minimum input
required for the RadFrac Departamento de
Ingeniería Química
fractionation model, and the use
of design specifications and
stage efficiencies
Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 1

Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
RadFrac: Rigorous Multistage Separation

Vapor-Liquid or Vapor-Liquid-Liquid phase simulation of:
Ordinary distillation
Absorption, reboiled absorption
Stripping, reboiled stripping
Azeotropic distillation
Reactive distillation
Configuration options:
Any number of feeds
Any number of side draws
Total liquid draw off and pumparounds
Any number of heaters
Any number of decanters

RadFrac Flowsheet Connectivity
Vapor Distillate
Top-Stage or 1
Condenser Heat Duty Heat (optional)
Liquid Distillate
Water Distillate (optional)
Feeds
Reflux
Heat (optional) Products (optional)

Pumparound
Decanters
Heat (optional)
Heat (optional) Product

Boil-up
Return
Bottom Stage or Nstage

Reboiler Heat Duty Heat (optional)
Bottoms

Some RadFrac Options

 To set up an absorber with no condenser or reboiler, set
condenser and reboiler to none on the RadFrac Setup
Configuration sheet
 Either Vaporization or Murphree efficiencies on either a
stage or component basis can be specified on the RadFrac
Efficiencies form
 Tray and packed column design and rating is possible
 A second liquid phase may be modeled if the user selects
Vapor-liquid-liquid as Valid phases
 Stage Wizard for adding/removing stages from column
 Option to select different reboiler configurations
 Reboiler and condenser heat curves can be generated

RadFrac Demonstration
Use the RKS-BM Property Method

RadFrac Setup Configuration Sheet

Specify:
 Number of stages
 Condenser and reboiler configuration
 Two column operating specifications
 Valid phases
 Convergence
 Two column operating
specifications
Defaults: Distillate
rate
and reflux ratio

RadFrac Setup Streams Sheet
Specify:
Feed stage location
Feed stream convention (see Help)
ABOVE-STAGE:
Vapor from feed goes to stage
above feed stage
Liquid goes to feed stage
ON-STAGE:
Vapor & Liquid from feed go to
specified feed stage

Feed Convention
Above-stage On-stage
(default)
n-1 n-1
Vapor
Feed to
Liquid stage n
n Feed
n
Ù Above-Stage: RadFrac introduces the material stream between adjacent stages - the liquid
portion flows to the specified stage and the vapor portion flows to the stage above
Ù On-Stage: RadFrac introduces both liquid and vapor portions of the feed flow to the stage
specified
Ù On-Stage-Liquid and On-Stage-Vapor are similar to On-Stage, but no flash is ever
performed with these specifications. Feed treated as being entirely in the phase specified.

RadFrac Setup Pressure Sheet

Specify one of:
 Column pressure profile
 Top/Bottom pressure
 Section pressure drop

Plot Wizard
a. The Plot Wizard guides you

in the basic operations for
generating a plot
b. In Step 2, click the plot type
you wish to generate, then
click Next> to continue
c. Click the Finish button to
generate a plot with default
settings

Plot Wizard
Use Plot Wizard (on the Plot menu) to quickly generate plots of results of a
simulation. You can use Plot Wizard for displaying results for the following
operations:
Physical property analysis
Data regression analysis
Profiles for all separation models RadFrac, MultiFrac, PetroFrac and RateFrac
Click the object of interest in the Data Browser to generate plots for that
particular object.
The wizard guides you in the basic operations for generating a plot.
Click on the Next button to continue. Click on the Finish button to generate a
plot with default settings.

Plot Wizard Demonstration

 Use the Plot Wizard to create plots of temperature, flows, and compositions
throughout the column

RadFrac DesignSpecs and Vary

 Design specifications can be specified and executed inside the
RadFrac block using the DesignSpecs and Vary forms.
 One or more RadFrac inputs can be manipulated to achieve
specifications on one or more RadFrac performance
parameters.
 The number of specs should, in general, be equal to the
number of varies.
 The DesignSpecs and Varys in a RadFrac are solved in a
“Middle loop.” If you get an error message saying that the
middle loop was not converged, check the DesignSpecs and
Varys you have entered.

Design Specs and Vary Demonstration

Part A
 – Record the molar composition of C3 in OVHD
stream._______
 – What reflux ratio is required so that this value is
0.41?_______
Part B
 Change the current Design Spec so that the sum of light key
(C1 + C2 + C3) molar compositions in the OVHD stream is set
to 0.99. What happens to the predicted reflux ratio given this
New specification?______________________________

RadFrac Stage Wizard
 Use the Stage Wizard to change

the number of stages in the column
while also updating stage numbers
throughout the specifications for
the block
 Enter the New total number of
stages
 Choose Above or Below and specify
a Stage number – the stages will
be added or deleted according to
the choices
 Click OK to update the
specifications

Thermosiphon Configuration in RadFrac

 RadFrac model supports various reboiler configurations

Thermosiphons and columns

Traditional method Rigorous reboiler modeling
 Reboiler appears as simple heat  Integrate heat exchanger model
input in column model into column model
 A Reboiler Wizard (Reboiler sheet)
 Column and reboiler designed and can be used to explicitly simulate
simulated separately the reboiler using a heat exchanger
 Feed composition to reboiler block (HeatX block - see Heat
estimated Exchangers section) or using a
rigorous Aspen Shell & Tube
 Reboiler and column models Exchanger model to design, rate, or
interact through: input liquid simulate the reboiler
level, estimated feed composition  Correctly models column/reboiler
and calculated flowrate and heat interaction
load
 Allows modelling of tower bottom
baffle arrangement

Specifying Efficiencies in RadFrac

 RadFrac Efficiencies Options sheet

Sizing and Rating for Trays and Packing

Extensive capabilities to size, rate, and perform pressure drop calculations for
trayed and packed columns
Calculations are based on vendor-recommended procedures when available.
When vendor procedures are not available, well-established literature methods
are used
ë Bubble Cap Trays
ë One pass tray
ë Tray Spacing = 2 ft
ë Diameter = 10 ft

RadFrac Options
 To set up an absorber with no condenser or reboiler, set
condenser and reboiler to none on the RadFrac Setup
Configuration sheet.
 Either Vaporization or Murphree efficiencies on either a stage
or component basis can be specified on the RadFrac
Efficiencies form.
 Tray and packed column design and rating is possible.
 A Second liquid phase may be modeled if the user selects
Vapor-liquid-liquid as Valid phases.
 Reboiler and condenser heat curves can be generated.

RadFrac Convergence Problems

If a RadFrac column fails to converge, doing one or more of the
following could help:
1. Check that physical property issues (choice of Property Method,

parameter availability, etc.) are properly addressed.
2. Ensure that column operating conditions are feasible.
3. If the column err/tol is decreasing fairly consistently, increase the

maximum iterations on the RadFrac Convergence Basic sheet.

RadFrac Convergence Problems (Continued)

4. Provide temperature estimates for some stages in the column using the
RadFrac Estimates Temperature sheet (useful for absorbers).
5. Provide composition estimates for some stages in the column using the
RadFrac Estimates Liquid Composition and Vapor Composition sheet (useful
for highly non-ideal systems).
6. Experiment with different convergence methods on the RadFrac Setup
Configuration sheet.
Note: When a column does not converge, it is usually beneficial to Reinitialize

after making changes.

Methanol-Water RadFrac Column
OVHD
RadFrac specifications
Total Condenser
FEED COLUMN
Kettle Reboiler
9 Stages
T = 65 C Reflux Ratio = 1
P = 1 bar Distillate to feed ratio = 0.5
BTMS Column pressure = 1 bar
Water: 100 kmol/hr
Feed stage = 6
Methanol: 100 kmol/hr
Use the NRTL-RK Property Method

Filename: RAD-EX.BKP

RadFrac Workshop Objective: Set up a Methanol tower
Perform a rating calculation of a Methanol tower using the following data:
Column specification:
DIST 38 trays (40 stages)
Feed tray = 23 (stage 24)
Total condenser
FEED COLUMN Top stage pressure = 16.1 psia
Pressure drop per stage = 0.1 psi
Feed: Distillate flowrate = 1245 lbmol/hr
63.2 wt% Water Molar reflux ratio = 1.3
36.8 wt% Methanol
Total flow = 120,000 lb/hr BTMS
Pressure 18 psia
Saturated liquid
Use the NRTL-RK Property Method

Filename: RADFRAC.BKP

RadFrac Workshop (2)

Part A
 Fix the simulation to eliminate any warning messages
 Record the column duties:
 Condenser Duty: _________ Reboiler Duty:_______
 Record compositions:
 Mass fraction of methanol in the distillate: __________
 Mass fraction of water in the bottoms: __________
 Make plots of temperature, flows, and composition


Part B
 Set up Design Specs within the column so that there is:
 99.95 wt% methanol in the distillate
 99.90 wt% water in the bottoms
 Vary the distillate rate (800-1700 lbmol/hr) and the reflux ratio
(0.8-2)
 Record the final values for:
 Distillate Rate: _________ Reflux Ratio: _________
 Condenser Duty: _________ Reboiler Duty:_________

Plot Wizard Demonstration

Use the plot wizard on the column to create a plot of the vapor phase
compositions throughout the column.
Block COLUMN: Vapor Composition Profiles
1
WATER
0.75 METHANOL
Y (mole frac)
0.25 0.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Stage


Part C
 Perform the same calculations after specifying a 65% Murphree
efficiency for each tray. Assume condenser and reboiler have
stage efficiencies of 90%. Determine how these efficiencies
affect the column duties:
 Condenser Duty: _________ Reboiler Duty:_________
Part D
 Perform a tray sizing calculation for the entire column, given
that Bubble Cap trays are used
 Record the predicted column diameter: _________

Rad Frac Diap

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RadFrac

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 1

RadFrac: Rigorous Multistage Separation

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 2

RadFrac Flowsheet Connectivity

Heat (optional) Products (optional)

Heat (optional) Product

Bottom Stage or Nstage

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 3

Some RadFrac Options

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 4

Use the RKS-BM Property Method

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 5

RadFrac Setup Configuration Sheet

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 6

RadFrac Setup Streams Sheet

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 7

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 8

RadFrac Setup Pressure Sheet

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 9

a. The Plot Wizard guides you

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 10

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 11

Plot Wizard Demonstration

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 12

RadFrac DesignSpecs and Vary

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 13

Design Specs and Vary Demonstration

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 14

RadFrac Stage Wizard

 Use the Stage Wizard to change

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 15

Thermosiphon Configuration in RadFrac

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 16

Thermosiphons and columns

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 17

Specifying Efficiencies in RadFrac

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 18

Sizing and Rating for Trays and Packing

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 19

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 20

RadFrac Convergence Problems

1. Check that physical property issues (choice of Property Method,

2. Ensure that column operating conditions are feasible.

3. If the column err/tol is decreasing fairly consistently, increase the

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 21

RadFrac Convergence Problems (Continued)

Note: When a column does not converge, it is usually beneficial to Reinitialize

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 22

Methanol-Water RadFrac Column

Use the NRTL-RK Property Method

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 23

RadFrac Workshop Objective: Set up a Methanol tower

Perform a rating calculation of a Methanol tower using the following data:

Use the NRTL-RK Property Method

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 24

RadFrac Workshop (2)

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 25

RadFrac Workshop (3)

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 26

Plot Wizard Demonstration

Rigorous Distillation: RadFrac 27

RadFrac Workshop (4)