ERS schematic description

(Mentioned in Thesis)
CMOS Camera with
Interface (UART)

Fisheye Lens
Debugging
Current Limit Current Sensor
12V Regulator 3.3V
Load Switch INA139/138
AT90CAN128
Crystal SPI/I2C
(<10MHz) Interface

CAN/RS422
Trancievers

Connector to
OBC

As seen in block diagram we need to do three communications, serial communication using UART, CAN
communication to send data to obc and we need to connect peripheral device (CMOS camera) using spi
or i2c protocol.

A UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) is the microchip with programming that controls
a computer's interface to its attached serial devices. Specifically, it provides the computer with the RS-
232C Data Terminal Equipment ( DTE ) interface so that it can "talk" to and exchange data with modems
and other serial devices1.

RS-232 Level Converters

Usually all the digital ICs works on TTL or CMOS voltage levels which cannot be used to communicate over RS-232
protocol. So a voltage or level converter is needed which can convert TTL to RS232 and RS232 to TTL voltage levels.
The most commonly used RS-232 level converter is MAX232. This IC includes charge pump which can generate
RS232 voltage levels (-10V and +10V) from 5V power supply. It also includes two receiver and two transmitters and
is capable of full-duplex UART/USART communication.2

MAX232 Interfacing with Microcontrollers

To communicate over UART or USART, we just need three basic signals which are namely, RXD (receive), TXD
(transmit), GND (common ground). So to interface MAX232 with any microcontroller (AVR, ARM, 8051, PIC etc..)

1
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/UART-Universal-Asynchronous-Receiver-Transmitter
2
http://www.8051projects.net/wiki/UART_Communication_Tutorial
we just need the basic signals. A simple schematic diagram of connections between a microcontroller and MAX232
is shown below3

Abbreviated CAN, a serial bus network of microcontrollers that connects devices, sensors and actuators
in a system or sub-system for real-time control application.There is no addressing scheme used in
controller area networks, as in the sense of conventional addressing in networks (such as Ethernet).
Control Area Network controls the security of the Electronic equipment’s using the RS-485 protocol. We
use CAN for Monitoring Sensors. Data can be stored in the System and the software is used for backup.
We can get reports on hourly, weekly and monthly basis. The Controller Area Network (CAN) bus is a
multi-master message broadcast system that is suitable for systems where data contained in short
messages are needed to be received at multiple locations simultaneously4. A simple schematic diagram of
connections is shown below

3
http://www.8051projects.net/wiki/UART_Communication_Tutorial
4
https://www.8051projects.net/download-d199-8051-controller-area-network-project-over-rs485-protocol.html
CMOS image sensor

We use M64282FP cmos module for taking images this module requires only a single 5-volt power
supply, has an effective resolution of 128 pixels across by 123 pixels vertically. The M64282FP interfaces
with the host via an interesting combination of digital and analog I/O. All control and clocking signals are
digital, but the intensity of each image pixel is output as an analog voltage.

So by taking the reference of above schematics we make our schematic.