Greenhouse Farming in India (beginner guide 2018)

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About the author View All Posts amar sawant March 13, 2018

Nowadays many farmers are shifting farming to other professions due to insufficient
financial protection. Climatic change is a significant challenge for the farmer. More than
95% farmer uses the traditional farming technique in India. If we wanted to earn more profit
from agriculture, we have to adopt modern farming techniques such as greenhouse
farming ( polyhouse farming), hydroponic farming.

In India, we import many fruits, vegetables, and flower from other countries and pay them
very good money. If we grow this flower vegetable & fruit in our country with the help of
modern techniques, we can earn an outstanding amount of money, so I say this modern
technique like greenhouse farming will improve the living standard of our Indian farmer.

Table of Contents

Introduction of Greenhouse:
what is Greenhouse?
1) Overview Of Greenhouse
I ) Types of Greenhouse:
A) Greenhouse type based on Shape
B) Greenhouse type based on construction
C) Greenhouse type based on covering materials
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 D) Greenhouse type based on ventilation
II) Point to consider before Selecting Greenhouse site
III) Which Crop Suitable for Greenhouse Farming
2) Apply For Bank Loan
Download Greenhouse Farming project report pdf –
List Of the Bank Providing Horticulture Loan
3) Apply for Greenhouse Subsidy
4) Place an order Greenhouse construction company.
Required Cost to set a Polyhouse
List of a reputed Greenhouse construction company.
5) Plant Booking/ Ordering
List Of Hi-tech Nursery Company
6) Safe Work Practices
7) Marketing:
List Of Major Flower Agent/ Broker

Introduction of Greenhouse:
Before start greenhouse farming lets clear some concept.

what is Greenhouse?
A Greenhouse is a framed structure covered with transparent material and large enough to
grow crops under partial or fully controlled environmental conditions to get optimum
growth and productivity.

Greenhouse Technology is the technique of providing favorable environment condition to

the plants.

Of all agricultural production activities, the greenhouse industry is worldwide the fastest
growing sector. The greenhouse is goldmines that offer the most profitable business
opportunities.

The use of the greenhouse is mainly for the production of seasonal and non- seasonal
crops, for the production of high-quality flower, vegetable and the preparation of nursery
prepared by tissue culture.

Greenhouses offer many advantages

Advantages of Greenhouse:

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 The yield may be 10-12 times higher than that of outdoor cultivation depending upon
the type of greenhouse, type of crop, environmental control facilities.
Reliability of crop increases under greenhouse cultivation.
Ideally suited for vegetables and flower crops.
Year round production of floricultural crops.
Off-season production of vegetable and fruit crops.
Disease-free and genetically superior transplants can be produced continuously.
Efficient utilization of chemicals, pesticides to control pest and diseases.
Water requirement of crops very limited and easy to control

How to start greenhouse farming?

To start greenhouse farming is required heavy expenditure on infrastructure, equipment,

labor, a raw material also greenhouse farmer must have technical, economical & marketing
knowledge hence you must finish a practical training program.

In India, there is various government & NGO organization provide, Greenhouse farming (
polyhouse Farming) training. However, HTC is a pioneer institute provide a Five-day
greenhouse farming training programme.

To start greenhouse farming follow this step.

1) Overview Of Greenhouse
Difference between polyhouse and greenhouse?
There is no such difference between polyhouse and greenhouse. The greenhouse is the
broad term, Polyhouse is among the kinds of Greenhouse in which polyethylene is used as
the main material for construction. The durability of the polyhouse is more compared to
other types of Greenhouse.
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Let ‘s understand which are the different type of greenhouse –

I ) Types of Greenhouse:
There are different types of greenhouses available based on shape, construction, material,
and ventilation. Each greenhouse has own advantage. Different types of a greenhouse are
designed to match the specific needs.

generally, in India sawtooth Natural Vent Greenhouse is used for cut flower, vegetable
production purpose

A) Greenhouse type based on Shape

1. Sawtooth type Greenhouse
2. Ridge and furrow type greenhouse
3. Uneven span type greenhouse
4. Even span type greenhouse.
5. Sawtooth type.
6. Quonset greenhouse.
7. Interlocking ridges greenhouse.
8. Ground to ground greenhouse

B) Greenhouse type based on construction

1. Wooden framed structures
2. Pipe framed structures

C) Greenhouse type based on covering materials

1. Glass greenhouse
2. plastic greenhouse

D) Greenhouse type based on ventilation

1. Natural Vent Greenhouse –

This type of greenhouse is based on natural ventilation and depending on the crops the
temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide gas can be maintained as per the requirement.

In this Greenhouse, plastic nets are used to prevent insect and bacterial access.

This type greenhouse used for the production of cut flower like Gerbera, Dutch rose,
Carnation, Lily & Vegetable like Colour capsicum, Tomato, Cucumber, Exotic vegetables.

2. Climate control Greenhouse: –

In such a greenhouse, temperature and humidity are controlled by using micro-irrigation

techniques. The in this type greenhouse internal environment is fully managed. This type of
greenhouse mostly uses for Hi-tech Nursery.

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II) Point to consider before Selecting Greenhouse site
Before deciding to start greenhouse farming, you have to consider the following point to
become successful in greenhouse farming

1. Soil PH Should be between 5.5 to 6.5 and EC (Volatility) 0.3 to 0.5 mm cm/cm
2. Good water quality is continuously available.
3. The irrigation water samples should be range from PH 5.5 to 7.0 and E.C. 0.1 to 0.3
4. The selected place should be pollution-free.
5. There should be roads for transportation and shipping of goods in the market.
6. The place should be large enough for the upcoming expansion.
7. Workers should be available easily and cheap.
8. There should be excellent communication facilities in place.
9. The drainage of the soil should be excellent.

III) Which Crop Suitable for Greenhouse Farming

To star Greenhouse farming required high investment hence though the crop is having high
commercial value & sustainable market demand this crop cultivated in the Greenhouse.
Floriculture crop like all cut flower & vegetable is mostly grown in the greenhouse.

Which are the top profitable crop in the greenhouse? The profitability of greenhouse each
crop depends upon the various factors such as market, climatic condition, labour, raw
material availability.

List of Most Popular Floriculture and vegetable crop Grow in a Greenhouse.

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 Floriculture Vegetable & Fruit

Gerbera Colour Capsicum

Dutch Rose cucumber

Carnations tomato

Anthurium exotic vegetable

Lily Strawberry

Orchids

Gypsophila

Limonium

Alstroemeria

2) Apply For Bank Loan

The initial investment for greenhouse farming is enormous. To start Greenhouse farming
cost per acre is come to approximately 45 Lac- 60 Lac.

Many banks are interested in providing Horticulture loans to farmers.

To get a loan for the greenhouse, you have to Create Greenhouse farming project report
with the help of the chartered accountant or any agency and present to the bank for loan
officer also this project report is useful for an apply subsidy for the greenhouse.

Steps for creating a project report

1. Introduction about Greenhouse farmer

2. The need of Greenhouse project
3. Technical analysis
4. Economical analysis

Download Greenhouse Farming project report pdf –

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Greenhouse farming project report
Also, the following document needed for the bank loan.

1. Detailed Project Report

2. 7/12 of land

Bank provide Loan with 12%-14% interest, for the 5-7 year period and mostly many bank
offer EMI (equated monthly installment) option quarterly or every six months.

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For the subsidy, purpose takes the loan from nationals bank, district bank and this is
precondition government stated in subsidy norm

List Of the Bank Providing Horticulture Loan

1. State Bank Of India
2. Bank of Baroda
3. Bank of India
4. Maharashtra Bank
5. IDBI Bank

3) Apply for Greenhouse Subsidy

Our Indian government is promoting greenhouse farming they offered a subsidy for
greenhouse farming.

The government gives subsidy from 50%-60% to the project cost of the greenhouse.
Subsidy percentage varies with the state to state. For subsidy-related information read
guideline NHM & NHB website or contact the nearest government agriculture office they
guide you.

before applying subsidy following document required

1. Detailed Project Report

2. Certified Copy of record of rights over the piece of project-land ( 7/12 of land)
3. loan sanctioned letter issued by the bank with complete terms & condition

For NHB you can apply online here click

National Horticulture Board subsidy norm

source: NHB

National Horticulture Mission subsidy norm

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 Source: NHM

4) Place an order Greenhouse construction company.

After government approvesLetter of Intent (LOI) forsubsidy & passing bank loan Next step
is to Start greenhouse construction there are many greenhouse construction companies
available in market contact them and check past company project ( work quality) &
negotiated for greenhouse construction rate.

Required Cost to set a Polyhouse

To establish a Polyhouse (greenhouse), it costs around Rs.700 to Rs.1000 per square
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meter. The cost depends on some factors like quality of the material quality, size, shape,
transport, and structure.

List of a reputed Greenhouse construction company.

1. Indian Greenhouse
2. Govind Greenhouse
3. Shrihari Polyhouse
4. Waman Enterprises

5) Plant Booking/ Ordering

source: Rise n’ Shine

To produce a good quality flower and vegetable plant quality must superior quality and free
from any disease.

In India, there are very few nurseries who are providing the excellent quality plant for the
greenhouse so place booking order before setup plastic cover on the greenhouse to avoid
delay in the plantation.

before plant booking following point should be considered

1. which variety has market demand

2. variety production yield performance
3. which variety suitable for our climate

You can collect this information form nursery representative also form another greenhouse
owner also remember plant nursery company not only sell plant they entirely give plant
cultivation guidance so don’t hesitate any plant related query.

List Of Hi-tech Nursery Company

KF Bioplants
Florance Flora
Rise & Shine
kimya biotech

6) Safe Work Practices

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Every crop has a different cultivation and management procedure. Plant nursery company
provide detail guidelines for fertilization schedule, pest & disease control management
procedure.

you can find greenhouse crop cultivation guide here gerbera cultivation guide, dutch rose
cultivation guide, carnation cultivation and capsicum cultivation

The Key to become a successful greenhouse farmer is “Evey day close monitoring crop” it
is helpful for understanding any pest, disease attack on the crop at an early stage. also it
helps to understand nutrients deficiency in the plant.

There are some important tools must be required for every greenhouse farmer

EC-PH Meter – This meter is helpful for soil and water analysis it is important to
decide fertilizer dose combination. Buy – EC-PH Meter
Hygrometer -Thermometer – This device show humidity and a temperature inside
the greenhouse. Buy – Hygrometer -Thermometer

7) Marketing:

Export quality product produces in the greenhouse as per market specification create
packaging and market them with own marketing or with the help of an agent or broker.

For cut flower & vegetable the major market is in a metro city like Hyderabad, Mumbai,
Delhi, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Pune, Banglore.

Most of the greenhouse grower market their product with the help of broker/agent. For cut
flower agent work on 10% commission.

List Of Major Flower Agent/ Broker

1. BABA FLOWER, Hyderabad

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 Contact No: 09849078633
2. NIZAM-FLOWER Hyderabad
Contact No: 9866346807
3. THAKUR FLOWERS: Shop No.15/16, Vijay Nagar Building, Tulsi Pipe Road, Dadar
West, Mumbai – 400028
contact No: 02224309897, 8450990650
4. NIKHIL BHOITE
Old Flower Market, Bhuleshwar, Mumbai- 400002(Mah.) INDIA.
Tel : 91-22-22423373, 22428266.
5. VIVEK FLORA
Shop No. 1, Upendra Nagar, Old Phool Market, S.B Marg.,
Dadar (W), Mumbai – 400 028
Tel : +91-22-24329648/ 65936195
6. ROSARY WORLD
House No.437/3a, Divison No.3 Benjamin Road, Near CMC Hospital.
Ludhiana Punjab 141008
Tel : 0161-2729186.
7. VARLAK AGRO-TECH PVT. LTD.
Sy. No. 13, Village Navarathna Agrahara, Sadahalli Post, Devanhalli Road
Bangalore Karnataka 562110
Phone : 08032719559

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