Parallelization of Hyperspectral Image Compression Standard For Execution Time Reduction

PARALLELIZATION OF HYPERSPECTRAL
IMAGE COMPRESSION STANDARD FOR

EXECUTION TIME REDUCTION
by
JANE BINTI DOE & JOHN BIN DOE
Report submitted for

EEM102 – Mechatronic Engineering Practice
August 2018
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, we would like to thank our dean of School of Electric and
Electronic, Professor Ir. Dr. Mohd Rizal Bin Arshad, for giving us the opportunity to
complete this project successfully. By completing this project, we learnt something
new through research on internet, books and journals.
Besides, we would really like to thank our lecturer, En. Mohd Nadzri Bin Mamat for
providing us information about OrCAD PSPICE Capture CIS. He taught us many
precious things such as Schimatic , Layout and PCB. We would also like to
achnowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of the staff of {Pn. Zammira
Binti Khairuddin / En. Kamarulzaman Bin Abu Bakar }, who gave the permission to
use all required equipment and guided us through the whole proccess to complete this
project .
Next , thanks to our friends , seniors and even juniors. They are always there if we
have problems before we refer to our lecture. Our friends always suggest ideas and
keep helping us to improvise it. Seniors love to share their experiences, information
and knowledge in their courses, which help us to innovate our idea.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgement........................................................................................................ ii
Table of Contents ........................................................................................................ iii
List of Tables............................................................................................................... vi
List of Figures ............................................................................................................ vii
List of Abbreviations................................................................................................. viii
Abstrak ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Abstract ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1
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not pretty, only use if you have to .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1.1 Sample section with too long title, should have been avoided, please,
they are not pretty, ugly, only use if you have to ................................. 1
1.1.1 (a) Sample section with too long title, should have been avoided,
please avoid, not pretty, ugly, only use if you have to .. Error!
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1.4.1 Blehhh................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4.1 (a) Bleh Bleh Bleh Bleh ............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
iii
1.5 Bleh Bleh .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 3
2.3 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 4
2.4 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 6
2.5 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 7
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ........... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 8
3.3 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 10
3.4 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 11
3.5 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 12
CHAPTER 4: RESULT & DISCUSSIONERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
4.1 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 14
4.2 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 15
4.3 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 16
4.4 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 16
4.5 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 18
CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY & FUTURE WORKSERROR! BOOKMARK NOT
DEFINED.
5.1 Section Test ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
iv
References .................................................................................................................. 19
APPENDIX A: ............................................................................................ TESTING
........................................................................................................... 20
A.1 Tesging ............................................................................................................. 20
A.1.1 Tesging ............................................................................................... 20
A.1.1 (a) Tesging .............................................................................. 21
APPENDIX B: ............................................................................................ TESTING
........................................................................................................... 23
B.1 TesTing ............................................................................................................. 23
B.1.1 TesTing ............................................................................................... 23
B.1.1 (a)TesTing................................................................................. 23
v
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: Bleh bleh bleh.......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 2.1: Sample of Table, note, the title is at the top .............................................. 6
Table 3.1: Sample Table ........................................................................................... 11
vi
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: Pick a Style .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.2: Modify your Normal Text Formatting HereError! Bookmark not
defined.
Figure 2.1: When paste from Visio, Paste  Paste Special  Visio Object .............. 3
Figure 2.2: When paste from Visio, Paste  Paste Special  Visio Object .............. 4
Figure 2.3: Figure Caption Example............................................................................ 5
vii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
2D two-dimensional
3D three-dimensional
ABFT algorithm-based fault tolerance
AMC Advanced Mezzanine Card
ANSI American National Standards Institute
API application programming interface
ARM Advanced RISC Machine
ARTEMIS Advanced Responsive Tactically Effective Imaging Spectrometer
AVIRIS Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer
BIL band interleaved by line
BIP band interleaved by pixel
bpp bits per pixel
bpppb bits per pixel per band
BSQ band sequential
C&DH command and data handling subsystem
CALIC Context-based Adaptive Lossless Image Codec
viii
ABSTRACT
The project aims at building a system which will protect your valuables from thieves
by engaging the alarm when somebody attempts to pick up the luggage. When we
travel by train or bus we are always skeptical about theft of our luggage as locking our
luggage many times might not be always enough. This project is affordable, reliable
and compact system which can guard your luggage in your absence mindedness. Using
only a single IC, switch, resistors, diode, buzzer and battery.
This project is useful in terms of providing safety to luggage and other useful things.
It can be implemented in house on door lock and other places from preventing any
intruder to come in your premises. It is very while placing or putting our luggage or
any other important item in trains, buses, clock rooms, stations and other places.
ix
CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION
1.1.1 While travelling by a train or bus, we carry many important things and all the
time we are afraid that somebody may lift our luggage. So, to protect our
baggage, we generally lock our luggage using a chain-and-lock arrangement.
But, still we are under tension, apprehending that somebody might cut and
slash the chain and take away our valuable luggage as number of incidence
of theft and robbery has increased to a greater extent and it is a serious
offense. The only way to stop this is by alert people with proper certificate
arrangements. Using chains, lock as security arrangements to secure the
luggage might be a nice try but still it is not sufficient to reassure ourselves
that we are in safe hands and our holding is in safe zone. Locks and chains
can be easily recess and our effort for safety goes in vain. Here is a simple
circuit, which is based on the logic NAND gate, to overcome this problem
and alarm us when someone tries to cut the chain by generating a warning
alarm.
1
CHAPTER 2:
METHODOLOGY
2.1 Introduction
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Vivamus a tellus. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada
fames ac turpis egestas. Proin pharetra nonummy pede. Mauris et orci. Aenean nec
lorem.
In porttitor. Donec laoreet nonummy augue. Suspendisse dui purus, scelerisque at,
vulputate vitae, pretium mattis, nunc. Mauris eget neque at sem venenatis eleifend. Ut
nonummy. Fusce aliquet pede non pede. Suspendisse dapibus lorem pellentesque
magna. Integer nulla. Donec blandit feugiat ligula. Donec hendrerit, felis et imperdiet
euismod, purus ipsum pretium metus, in lacinia nulla nisl eget sapien.
Donec ut est in lectus consequat consequat. Etiam eget dui. Aliquam erat volutpat. Sed
at lorem in nunc porta tristique. Proin nec augue. Quisque aliquam tempor magna.
Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis
egestas. Nunc ac magna. Maecenas odio dolor, vulputate vel, auctor ac, accumsan id,
felis. Pellentesque cursus sagittis felis.
2
2.2 Section Test
lorem. In porttitor. Donec laoreet nonummy augue. Suspendisse dui purus, scelerisque
at, vulputate vitae, pretium mattis, nunc. Mauris eget neque at sem venenatis eleifend.
Ut nonummy.
Fusce aliquet pede non pede. Suspendisse dapibus lorem pellentesque magna. Integer
nulla. Donec blandit feugiat ligula. Donec hendrerit, felis et imperdiet euismod, purus
ipsum pretium metus, in lacinia nulla nisl eget sapien. Donec ut est in lectus consequat
consequat. Etiam eget dui. Aliquam erat volutpat. Sed at lorem in nunc porta tristique.
Proin nec augue. Quisque aliquam tempor magna. Pellentesque habitant morbi
tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc ac magna.
Maecenas odio dolor, vulputate vel, auctor ac, accumsan id, felis. Pellentesque cursus
sagittis felis.
Figure 2.1: When paste from Visio, Paste  Paste Special  Visio Object
Pellentesque porttitor, velit lacinia egestas auctor, diam eros tempus arcu, nec
vulputate augue magna vel risus. Cras non magna vel ante adipiscing rhoncus.
3
Vivamus a mi. Morbi neque. Aliquam erat volutpat. Integer ultrices lobortis eros.
egestas. Proin semper, ante vitae sollicitudin posuere, metus quam iaculis nibh, vitae
scelerisque nunc massa eget pede. Sed velit urna, interdum vel, ultricies vel, faucibus
at, quam. Donec elit est, consectetuer eget, consequat quis, tempus quis, wisi. In in
nunc. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos
hymenaeos. Donec ullamcorper fringilla eros. Fusce in sapien eu purus dapibus
commodo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur
ridiculus mus.
Figure 2.2: When paste from Visio, Paste  Paste Special  Visio Object
2.3 Section Test
Ut nonummy.
4
sagittis felis.
Figure 2.3: Figure Caption Example
ridiculus mus.
5
2.4 Section Test
Ut nonummy.
sagittis felis.
Table 2.1: Sample of Table, note, the title is at the top
Stage Cost (in flops)

Remove: Equation) 𝑀𝑀(2𝑍 2 − 𝑍)
Mean restoration: Equation) 𝑀𝑀𝑍
Total 2𝑀𝑀𝑍 2
6
ridiculus mus.
2.5 Section Test
fames ac turpis egestas. Proin pharetra nonummy pede.
Mauris et orci. Aenean nec lorem. In porttitor. Donec laoreet nonummy augue.
Suspendisse dui purus, scelerisque at, vulputate vitae, pretium mattis, nunc. Mauris
eget neque at sem venenatis eleifend. Ut nonummy. Fusce aliquet pede non pede.
Suspendisse dapibus lorem pellentesque magna. Integer nulla. Donec blandit feugiat
ligula. Donec hendrerit, felis et imperdiet euismod, purus ipsum pretium metus, in
lacinia nulla nisl eget sapien. Donec ut est in lectus consequat consequat. Etiam eget
dui. Aliquam erat volutpat. Sed at lorem in nunc porta tristique.
7
CHAPTER 3:
RESULT & DISCUSSION
3.1 Introduction
fames ac turpis egestas.
3.2 Section Test
8
Ut nonummy.
sagittis felis.
ridiculus mus.
9
3.3 Section Test
lorem.
at, quam. Donec elit est, consectetuer eget, consequat quis, tempus quis, wisi.
10
Table 3.1: Sample Table
Stage Cost (in flops)

Step I : Mean calculation 2𝑀𝑀𝑍
Step II: Covariance matrix
𝑀𝑀(𝑍 2 + 𝑍 + 4)
calculation
Step III: SVD ≅ 9𝑍 3
step IV: Apply 𝑀𝑀(2𝑍 2 − 𝑍)
Total (≅) 9𝑍 3 + 3𝑀𝑀𝑍 2 + 2𝑀𝑀𝑍 + 4
3.4 Section Test
Ut nonummy (Isa et al., 2008; Mat Isa et al., 2008; Mat Isa et al., 2006a; Mat Isa et
al., 2006b; Mat Noor, 2008; Mat Noor, 2015; Mat Noor et al., 2008).
11
sagittis felis.
ridiculus mus.
3.5 Section Test
12
13
CHAPTER 4:
SUMMARY
4.1 Section Test
lorem.
14
4.2 Section Test
fames ac turpis egestas. Proin pharetra nonummy pede. Mauris et orci.
Aenean nec lorem. In porttitor. Donec laoreet nonummy augue. Suspendisse dui purus,
scelerisque at, vulputate vitae, pretium mattis, nunc. Mauris eget neque at sem
venenatis eleifend. Ut nonummy. Fusce aliquet pede non pede. Suspendisse dapibus
lorem pellentesque magna. Integer nulla.
Donec blandit feugiat ligula. Donec hendrerit, felis et imperdiet euismod, purus ipsum
pretium metus, in lacinia nulla nisl eget sapien. Donec ut est in lectus consequat
tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas.
Nunc ac magna. Maecenas odio dolor, vulputate vel, auctor ac, accumsan id, felis.
Pellentesque cursus sagittis felis. Pellentesque porttitor, velit lacinia egestas auctor,
diam eros tempus arcu, nec vulputate augue magna vel risus. Cras non magna vel ante
adipiscing rhoncus. Vivamus a mi. Morbi neque. Aliquam erat volutpat. Integer
ultrices lobortis eros.
15
4.3 Section Test
sagittis felis. Pellentesque porttitor, velit lacinia egestas auctor, diam eros tempus arcu,
nec vulputate augue magna vel risus. Cras non magna vel ante adipiscing rhoncus.
4.4 Section Test
16
lorem.
In in nunc. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per
inceptos hymenaeos. Donec ullamcorper fringilla eros. Fusce in sapien eu purus
dapibus commodo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes,
17
nascetur ridiculus mus. Cras faucibus condimentum odio. Sed ac ligula. Aliquam at
eros. Etiam at ligula et tellus ullamcorper ultrices. In fermentum, lorem non cursus
porttitor, diam urna accumsan lacus, sed interdum wisi nibh nec nisl.
4.5 Section Test
fames ac turpis egestas. Proin pharetra nonummy pede. Mauris et orci.
Aenean nec lorem. In porttitor. Donec laoreet nonummy augue. Suspendisse dui purus,
scelerisque at, vulputate vitae, pretium mattis, nunc. Mauris eget neque at sem
venenatis eleifend. Ut nonummy. Fusce aliquet pede non pede. Suspendisse dapibus
lorem pellentesque magna. Integer nulla.
Donec blandit feugiat ligula. Donec hendrerit, felis et imperdiet euismod, purus ipsum
pretium metus, in lacinia nulla nisl eget sapien. Donec ut est in lectus consequat
tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas.
18
REFERENCES
Isa, N. A. M., Ai-Batah, M. S., Zamli, K. Z., Azizli, K. A., Joret, A. & Noor, N. R. M.
(2008). Suitable features selection for the HMLP and MLP networks to identify the
shape of aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, 22(3), 402-410. doi:
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.08.005
Mat Isa, N. A., Al-Batah, M. S., Zamli, K. Z., Azizli, K. A., Joret, A. & Mat Noor, N.
R. (2008). Suitable features selection for the HMLP and MLP networks to identify the
shape of aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, 22(3), 402-410. doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.08.005
Mat Isa, N. A., Mashor, M. Y., Ghafar, R., Othman, N. H. & Mat Noor, N. R. (2006a).
Supplementary and Alternative Techniques to Interpret Pap Smear: A Review.
International Journal of Factory Automation, Robotics and Soft Computing, 2, 27-34.
Mat Isa, N. A., Mashor, M. Y., Zamli, K. Z., Mat Noor, N. R. & Othman, N. H.
(2006b). Supplementary and Alternative Techniques to Interpret Pap Smear: A
Review. In: Pennacchio, S. (ed.), Recent Advances in Control Systems, Robotics and
Automation. Italy: INTERNATIONALSAR, pp 52-59.
Mat Noor, N. R. (2008). Design of an Automated Slide Capturing System with a DSP-
based Automatic Features Extraction of ThinPrep® Images for Cervical Cancer.
(Dissertation). Master of Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains
Malaysia.pages 195
Mat Noor, N. R. (2015). Karhunen-Loève Transform based Lossless Hyperspectral

Image Compression for Space Applications. (Dissertation). PhD, University of
Leicester, Leicester.pages 304
Mat Noor, N. R., Mat Isa, N. A., Mashor, M. Y., Othman, N. H., Zamli, K. Z. & Al-
Batah, M. S. (2008). Automatic Glass-Slide Capturing System for Cervical Cancer
Pre-Screening Program. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 5(5), 461-467. doi:
10.3844/ajassp.2008.461.467
19
APPENDIX A: TESTING
A.1 Tesging
lorem.
nonummy.
A.1.1 Tesging
lorem.
20
A.1.1 (a) Tesging
In in nunc. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per
inceptos hymenaeos. Donec ullamcorper fringilla eros. Fusce in sapien eu purus
dapibus commodo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes,
nascetur ridiculus mus. Cras faucibus condimentum odio. Sed ac ligula. Aliquam at
eros. Etiam at ligula et tellus ullamcorper ultrices. In fermentum, lorem non cursus
porttitor, diam urna accumsan lacus, sed interdum wisi nibh nec nisl.
21
lorem.
22
APPENDIX B: TESTING
B.1 TesTing
B.1.1 TesTing
B.1.1 (a) TesTing
23

Parallelization of Hyperspectral Image Compression Standard For Execution Time Reduction

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PARALLELIZATION OF HYPERSPECTRAL

IMAGE COMPRESSION STANDARD FOR

JANE BINTI DOE & JOHN BIN DOE

Report submitted for

complete this project successfully. By completing this project, we learnt something

new through research on internet, books and journals.

providing us information about OrCAD PSPICE Capture CIS. He taught us many

and knowledge in their courses, which help us to innovate our idea.

Table of Contents ........................................................................................................ iii

List of Figures ............................................................................................................ vii

List of Abbreviations................................................................................................. viii

Abstrak ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abstract ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1

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1.4 Bleh Bleh Bleh .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.4.1 Blehhh................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

2.2 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 3

2.3 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 4

2.4 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 6

2.5 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 7

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ........... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

3.2 Section Test ........................................................................................................ 8

3.3 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 10

3.4 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 11

3.5 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 12

CHAPTER 4: RESULT & DISCUSSIONERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

4.1 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 14

4.2 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 15

4.3 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 16

4.4 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 16

4.5 Section Test ...................................................................................................... 18

CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY & FUTURE WORKSERROR! BOOKMARK NOT

5.1 Section Test ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.3 Section Test ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4 Section Test ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.5 Section Test ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

APPENDIX A: ............................................................................................ TESTING

A.1 Tesging ............................................................................................................. 20

A.1.1 Tesging ............................................................................................... 20

A.1.1 (a) Tesging .............................................................................. 21

APPENDIX B: ............................................................................................ TESTING

B.1 TesTing ............................................................................................................. 23

B.1.1 TesTing ............................................................................................... 23

Table 1.1: Bleh bleh bleh.......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Table 3.1: Sample Table ........................................................................................... 11

Figure 1.1: Pick a Style .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Figure 2.3: Figure Caption Example............................................................................ 5

ABFT algorithm-based fault tolerance

AMC Advanced Mezzanine Card

ANSI American National Standards Institute

API application programming interface

ARM Advanced RISC Machine

ARTEMIS Advanced Responsive Tactically Effective Imaging Spectrometer

AVIRIS Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer

BIL band interleaved by line

BIP band interleaved by pixel

bpp bits per pixel

bpppb bits per pixel per band

BSQ band sequential