RULE 116

hU P °Q '
ple^ o[
•him not
1m
^no
ARRAIGNMENT AND PLEA * < n) i 0r
1°} When th*
S ETCTfO W 1 . Arratffnmtnt find preventive ihjiBrui 0T| wi 'Btl * ^ ndtr '
rftffloil *nrt lla recemi w **"* '"Wl u
plea; how nitric.^ *
]ud 0O to whom \ he * Um
-
' m
(a ) The Accused mum be within three (3) tiny* lro '"a a
-
1
!
arraigned before the court where the
complaint or Information was fifod oi-
tho Information er
BCcUiod shell be err a )
mirvg «
Th*&

^
days from the tlnto v< U ) ltr
. ( 10 ) * lee
nssigned for trial The arraignment shall h
be made In open court by the Judge or -
pre trial conloronco oi hu
i clerk by furnishing the accused with a
hold within
inn
.
( 0]
| '1yiUalltu
iy
>*s
i
c o p y of the complaint or Information,
arraignment [ n ) '
reading the same In the language or
(I) The private
dialect known to him , mid asking him offended Party
shall be required u>
whether ho plonds guilty or not guilty. War at lh(t
arraignment for purpose
Tint prosecution mny call at tho trlnl * plea
vvltnossCri other than those named in the
bargaining , dotermlriatloTi of civil
complaint or Information. liability , and other numer
* requiring his
presence . In case of (allure of the
( b) Tho accused must be present offended party to appear despite due
at the arraignment and must personally notice , the court may allow the accused
enter his plea. Both arraignment and to enter n plea of gulhy leK 6| „
plen shell he mode of record , hut failure offense which Vs necessarily Included In
to do so shell not affect tho validity of the offense charged with the conformity
the proceedings. of tho trial prosecutor atone, Jctr. I B?)

(c)When tho accused refuses to ( g ) Unless a shorter period is

plead or makes a conditional plea , a plea
of not guilty shall be entered for him.
HnJ
(dj When the accused pleads
guilty but presents exculpatory evidence ,
434
provided by special law or Supreme
Court circular, tho arraignment shall be
>
held within thirty ( 30 days horn the due
tho court acquires Jurisdiction over the
person of the accused . The time ol tho
a
pendency of a motion to quash or for
bill of particulars or olhoi causes
 •43« ARHAlONMIlVT ANU PLKTA
.
"“ ’•I * |l« a
'
ll *

Jurtifyina *u *p<ms(on of tlio arral nnmni

^ „nAIONMENT. , , W( Er
4JT

ihrtll b« excluded In computing Hi

period, (sac. 2. dr, 3S- 9S ) *
A
.
,,,
ttrtirtn 3uiil
Un <l « S0(nitm
« fi
Tlllh t - .

NOTES AND CASES

%vkh*

.
t ) rinVn ftolTl thH n' 9 fllms
lh<»,dntn» «
Kh o u
rim
*»
ACCUH
^ „I h
l
lnS oi
> »•
H
^ V *r U
' *

ARRAIGNMENT, EXPLAINED
in
“
plenwms
- > Sec,ton
'
- nScatC3 7
“
lift
,
.of 8433 mean* Court *, * *, ^»'* ,,,
^
' “ ” « 1»
“
^ to

Arraiimment is the forma )

mode arid ma
implementing the constitutional right of an accused
informed of the nature and cause of the actrL . **
1
against him and his right to speedy trial 3
lD
? f

lSfJbon
" °
*
RA
shall
th« Rulo of

bo counted
the

jurisdiction oveif Ut *
hM
^a»
^
,Iron, , **»- n > £
i i* 9
imt Uy
.*
G* VVi 1
at
tl &
•

? -^4
P

a
^^
The proper conduct of the arraignment
provided in Rule 116 of the Revised Rules oil
Crirniml
whon the accU5 appears
PLEA OF GUILTY
^ ‘ Wo
on; the
^
court
"

Procedure A perusal of the provision shows thnt

arraignment is not a mere formality, but an integral pan ll Is the essence of
accused admits absolutely
* pl^ of ,. !»
*
of due process J ft is that stage where an accused , for ihG
first time, is granted the opportunity to know Lhe precis
charge that confronts him. The accused is formally
informed of the charges against him. to which he enters
*
and responsibility f0 r
an accused may not fDist «
« » court by adm ttoB mS
d
* - iti0
Un

,
unpu
°
,
m*
^
^r‘“ ^
“
s gulls

an
^
^
umoS
a plea of guilty or not guilty , "

The purpose of arraignment , as a vital stage in

penalty will be meted
undoubtedly a conditional
that a certain
Uch a plea ol gu&y is

In People vs. More SabUuV \haIe _

^
criminal proceedings, is to apprise the accused of the
^ i ££ Z
misunderstanding as to the entry Cf d p
possible Joss of freedom , even of his life, depending on *
the accused . The accused pleaded guilty to
the nature of the crime imputed to him. or at the very
least to inform him of why the prosecuting arm of the but prayed to be sentenced to a lessei penalty. The
Supreme Court , in its ruling , quoted the decision in
State is mobilized against Jiim ,1
United States vs. Jamad ' that, having in mind the

3
foetid;! N (2 ), Article IH , ] Ps7 FfciJjppmn
Handbook gp Crmaiml ProcwlLtiftfp. 331 )
- CcnstttulJiOn: - <
App lk* Z0C?!(.
f

1
Speedy Trial Ac: of 1998 112 Fsbnuuy 15383
Ramises), Jr vis , Sarx33ganbay&JX 630 SCRA 5G 5 115 SeptisrJser 201DS
T

-
Pwp!e V3. Du Luna . 17 1 SCRA 204122 Jura 1565 )
Lirnwnlaw vir Pcr^jiii , Jr , 43? SCRA 395 { S 3 February 2COT ). Sai» n
* Peop3ovtf Estjwriflcs 255 SCRA 42 ] f 22 Ap/il 1?P5 ) Peoplo V 5- Albert , 251 SCPA 135 111 t w«pi»i W51 Usnwi >
* Albert vs SandjgTiinbniyaUt. SCKA 275 {25 February 2005 ). EftabiDo, ot aJ . 9 Phil 6£6 121 January 1506)
u
540 ( 22 Augrjrt 2012 j; Feaplc? vs. Momeron, 37a *3 Phil 567 131 July 1SS3)
.
3
Tap lay va Di> /Ay. 573
u 37 Phil
SCRA 345 (6 Match 2062) 305115 Dflcemtor 1917 }
 AJUtAlG TMKNT ANtJ PLKA ,tnA» >
*13 ^ * 116
^ Mi (ttl
A
'rk
^
enuv « tnttWOVidont pl*»B of - guuw
danJ?* , of (

cases, the P1' £nl and advisable -

in
IFJnc!ot **fj
teopardy W|1 , £
*»> *
»14

‘SUuv coutiw double ^

and the cjr
m cases
^
^ uni
•’
ianCGS
£ ve cnmes aro

.
to the
Tucndmwould
chaigad, .
euiM of ihe
' > »indicate
po BCCUBOU
coramlwo
„
,, «,
t Nonet haiw
arraignment ot ule Q„c -
,
piw\
**“»»*4 ,'
m
r
- y

the crame The bolter practice? ,

t| m he -
wasttiwutiW
nJ » BpIlftVUin
* hd ent -
uirt W&
v URIIVJ to bft 'ii #
<iu \
upP Uam did n t
praciscabte. such adcimonaJ Bvidsn.ee should ® & *1ftrJ «
twi ^n vjV .'

denied whavo .,, , VuuiUlte^V ft^^

t o sustain a judgement OI, be thft
» m -
$ii/ficiem arraignment «
Convict
independently of the plea of guilty, or at least to|eavo ion
/list WOC
* «sx kcwiMA
1 AJ

do^ * b*
io f
ah; *
\ \
room for reasonable doubt in the nund of either th ^ 5n
e
^
U » ml *v«i th9 6 rrOTS Jt UQYW\ V
>c ttfi A
ot the appellate court as to the possibility ^0
trial * l^ aisrac s, IJA
f * ^^
misunderstanding on the part o f the? accused ras
^
preejse nature o f the charges to which he pleaded utility
the BELATED ARRAIG«MEN Noti-PiutavDi
In the case of P0opJg ClAi
But HI the event that no evidence is taken , this court g
^ffOUia „. aPP*U»nVs
p
called upon to review the proceedings had in the couu belated arraignment rf ,ri ^
below, may reverse and sen: back for a new trial , if , 0J1 procedural defect Was
the whole record , a reasonable doubt arises as to participated in the trial
?°ut ro
**rt
<*un
»»
whether the accused did in fact enter the plea of guilty that his client had yGt .
^
counsel even crosa.eXanu, d th* P awuttn,J, °',zri
b
^ a
with full knowledge of meaning and consequences of the
n^ln tha
~

^ ^
-
'
His counsel s active c - ,
'

clear indication that he wJPafU°

acts.

fesr ^ss
sa
L^ iWaie4ofh>>;S ’
‘
'

Thus, in the case of People vs Magat,:i the . against him; otherwise hrS
Supreme Court held that the Inal court should have *•«« ted

vacated such a plea and entered a plea of not guilty for a

conditional plea of guilty, or one subject to the proviso
Moreover , no protest was narin .
08 ,vbaa »PP»flaat
'
that a certain penalty be imposed upon him , A
conditional plea of not guilty is equivalent to a plea of not
guilty and would , therefore, require a full - blown trial
was subsequently arraigned
quesiira the procedure nmrenaken

death
.
«dy now Oder being convict and
sentences, that appellant cn83 tha Yus
^ reTOnoSm.
1 ?S “
i
‘

before judgment may be rendered .

',
constitutional right has been violated It is s, ,,
late to raise this procedural detect. The Supreme*Caun
tM
In effect , the judgment rendered by the trial court
which was based on a void plea bargaining is also void will not allow it .
eh initio and cannot be considered to have attained
finality for the simple reason that a void judgment has no
legality from its inception. Thus, since the judgment of
|J

11
11
Zacarms vs. Crui , 30 SCRA 72B [25 Rovembw 19631 F«fw *i
SCRA 5S5 ( 20 Octabor 1957|
u 332 S2RA 517\33 May 2000 } !i
!<
United Stales vs Sobcevifias , 35 Phil. 32 ill Ccicl*t 1916 V
1J
P&op\& vs Eslomaca. 256 SCRA 421 (22 ApnJ 510 SCRA 35S Match 2007 }

J
 440 AKAAIQNMENT AND PtKA
nil
^ tTrr *UA,
In People vx C& hafo and PscpJtf Vr l}lfJ
.
iwult of tho 1 <ntv
MI

uru£f te
^ ^
# nrf Class ' * where ch <* sam* issu© was raised u fc
iimiJar cftcunisumraft the Supreme Coxiti
whilo the Hiraijfinmenc of appellant was conducted that
the* cases had b&en submitted for dec[sjant the
non - pieiuclKjjaJ and has been fully curofi
alt *
error
Suite
tg
,
5*. <«* iCSsr* ^ Stt,

£
appellant 's rights and interests were not pr© jtiding
this Japan in procedure, it only foi ] oWg 131
constitutional right to be informed of the nmuri?
cause of the accusation against him was not viofoteti and
bv
hiB
.
£ecu**
hc 15 - 1 be dMn»d to
“«l** 0»» KM,
stralyriotl and QHCJ
ulTS ,.
“ ^
^^sio^
«•
;
£
*
!
**
__ n
u

^ ^^
»• «
PROVISIONAL ARRAIGNMENT, ALLOWED
*» tng Oil. A . the time Dl * w " "
*
„
While it
Sandiganbayan
"conditional
of
is that the practice of lha
true
conducting
arraignment nf
'
the
' provisional"
accused is not
Qr
^ plictt waiver

jeopardy as a co Mi
,agttUwn forlhshis travel
‘^ &Sa n!a ,
***4*
<

SECTION 2 „
specifically sanctioned by th<? Revised internal Rules 0f Jesser offense. —
the Procedure of the Sandiganbayan or by the tegular Accused, with the co
,
Rules of Procedure, the Supreme Court had tangentially
recognized such practice in People vs. Espinosa.
provided that die alleged conditions attached to the
arraignment should be " unmistakable , express, informed
party and th0 pro
by the trial court t„ pleM
*
lesser offense which ks necess&
^ °
riiv^
and enlightened " The Court further required that the
conditions must be expressly stated in the order
included in the otfon charQei
^
arraignment hut before trial, the
ftcraitrl
may still be allowed to plead guilty to n\&
^
disposing of arraignment, otherwise, it should be leaser offense after withdrawing his plea
deemed simple and unconditionaL ^ of not guilty. No amendment ol the
complaint or Information Is necessary.
In this case, since it is the accused who wishes to (Sec . 4 , clr . 38-98)
travel even while his case is pending review, and in
order that the Court might not lose jurisdiction over him
while he is abroad , the accused and counsel are advised NOTES AND CASES
as part of the arraignment process, that the arraignment
is 'conditionalr. i e., that arraignment is without prejudice
.

REQUISITES OF PLEA BARGAINING

n IS5 SCRA W0 (SMay 1990)
u aSPhjJ
11
“
57flfl? Jtino 1950 ) ,
$ 09 5RA £ 56 ( IS August 3003) .
Br,iia vs . Santfiganhayan ( I " Division ) , $91 SCFtA 47\ ( 20 February 2013 .
)
Section 2 , Rule
the basic requisites upon w>
“ •srS’S .
Albert vs. Sandjgaehayan. SfiO SCRA 279 ( 2*5 February 2009 )-
 443 AflAAIGNOTNT ArJfi PLtA
ho
Apitj

.
nmdo /, &, that It should be with the Ml
consent
affouded pari )’ and tiw prosecutor , 1 and tli it ulQ or Ui.
r n ot
„ cfl
^
&* P* «
raty , iho

'
*,*
[
Ho
h
, r
^ , lmJ '
Vi r.
guilt should 10 a lessor offense which in
, ^
p oCGorNng s i . o. iirniu
fiecoS »,
5 rjty <
>
l ait
included m tlio offense charter! ° conviction , ocetirrr
^ tlT( .^
. '
61 r >
Ps|
*f [j Ml
It*.
The rules however use word may m thf
Sr,r . As elwuly WDt [)
rsri
^* |
t Bli
riLfig

7=^ ?it
sontonce of Section 2 ^ deiioUng an exercise of
upon the trial court on whether to allow the ar Cr <Jl Qh
tlia n0thin(| in 11M lnw V4 r .
" '
^
U
make such pfea . ^ Trial courts BTQ exhorted to^U ** l
p hibitB the trim coi
(0
bju pl 5 1 on ^ an
°
. n Pi^,t " *witiq
J

mind that a ptea of guilty for a iigluor offensD

actually charged is not supposed to bo a||aW 4
sci n a
1 EU ihaTTS (» »
.
ehanB° , ' ,'
•“ “ • .. T
1 1
Mroam nn aBfM mm
»* *« • •
M J|
"» 9 U% « itK,,, .W"*
> * «««» tin umow
.
,
. ,
'

^^^J^ .
matter of bargaining or compromise for the
. •an ®
of the accused .JJ convGniflnca
an'1 lt 5
“ , “
mpIlanM w,th
ramnJ ‘ ho aAimtig
Plea bargaining is authorized under this

stage of the proceedings , But it may also beJ

section
Ordinarily, plea bargaining is made during the pre-
trial
made
during the trial proper and even after the prosecution
piriston ),'

the
-
pjB trial stage
Sandiganbayan
.ja
In the case
the plea bare ^

d
f
>

his
S
. The PMlticnmU , ,
pkaw,,
tr
Dj

tha
a !J < V.
by ^
....
““ -
1
WD

has finished presenting its evidence and rested its case .

Thus , the Court has held that it is immaterial that p|Pa
Supreme Court held that the
'
prrjpc5al T<
discretion should neither 1» MEAIARY TIOT
^ UisiL
should it
bargaining was noL made during the pre trial stage or - amount to a capricious ana
discretion .
vrtdmsscal eistr st.
that it was made only after the prosecution already
presented several witnesses,34
In the said case, the Sandicanbuycn
reacted
- .
Jn Bug atan vs People petitioner challenged petitioner 's plea olfer an the ground that p fcUDuar and
*
the prosecution failed LO dernQii5i.r5iA that the prcposal
his conviction on the ground that after the arraignment ,
"

in the morning, the trial court hastily heard and
approved the plea bargain motion in the afternoon
leading to his conviction on the same day The Supreme
Court ruled that there is no legal flaw in the assailed
actions of the trial court . At the outset , the petitioners
failed to point out any rule of procedure or provision of
law that was transgressed by the trial court. On the
would redound to the benefit of the public. Th«
Sandiganbayan believes that approving the proposal
. would " only serve to trivialize the seriousness at the
charges against them and send the wrong signal to
potential grafters in public oifice that the penalties they
are likely to face would be lighter than what then
criminal acts would have merited at that the economic
rennu

21
People vs. Dawrttort. 333 SCRA 277 ( ( 7 Seprember 2002 )

17 People vs
.
Ppeple V 9 fiesenra $ £2 SCRA 21015 February 2004 J .
<

Eavannn. S3 SCRA 417 [3 ] May* 1973}

benefits they are likely w deove from c
activities far outweigh the risks
them; thus , setting to naught the
theyacein
detertamva ^ ^- ^
51 People vs -
Mimarion. 41USCRA 433 [ 1 Ociohe: 2001 } :s SSO
SCRA 2 33123 Man 2W3
}
x 630 SCRA 337 ( 15 September J ) .
20 0 *
 Afltf AJONJMEWT ANI> PULA «
iiA
,
P « i*
ii

Jmvs imouelmd
panjTTunem ,
to curb graft finri .
com pUcjl ) ( dlllllKI
;otl , i ?
Liiiht
In Feopia VB
« « « m *da aJt
-
A^ r
*+\

_
ami lh (f ,
«MJ

^
UIE? Sandipanbaynn lo ploari
Apparently . has ilM oho * tT ' iihv «lin t '
,
, tJflW ° bV lhe * lv
^»4d£
PTQfft

^ ;^;
valid reasons m ^ ^ wS*'
rejecting petiuoiiF? i u j ln
Pitta d r«
4D( ****
° ^ ^at ls a
-
However. subsequent events and higher &r
intoroa 1 fllter
justice and /air play dictate that petitioners ph' 1 ''
.-f rlsprwd,‘nctl » * P ovtd th
should be accepted The case cq|l 3 for the jud Df c
^ *nr_ h *
!> »
'I'( the Prosecutor with ^ya,
^^
1
exercise of the Courts equity jurisdiction OIJ 3
and k l 3
power of control and supervision over the proceeds *
? may be prap *rly di ” ^ S S^
*
lower courts/ ' in order to afford equal justice °f Scurt* cmlV
. in
, “ * *1*1
^ E£t
petitioner Equity as the complement of legal jurist when tha pra acmirjn
pie
seeks to reach and do complete justice where courts
Jaw, through the inflexibility of their rules and want
of Evidence to establish the tmiU
ol
of OF PLEA
power to adapt their judgments to the special EFFECT
circumstances of cases , are incompetent so to do Equity OF THE ACCUSED
BARGAINING ON tHE
LIABILITY Civn.
regards the spirit of and not the Jetter , the intent and ;
the form , the substance rather than the circumstance, as
it is variously expressed by different courts.1 1

In the case Ladino vs, Garris ** the accused

of
pleaded not guilty when arraigned . However , at the
/
not

a
relevant
js
"“ ... xr
°nalhls -
.
:,r
P mt lhe «» I
° Com°
Accoithng to the Supra
. «

hearing of the case , both accused offered to plead guilty not entirely bereft ot solutions n> 5uch "
to the lesser offense. In open court , the private instances vyltete a literal ,, ,
uppi canon a a p,
law would lead to injustice or to a rssuh so ^
r
^
complainant and the assistant provincial prosecutor directly in
opposition which the dictates of icgtc zrA everyday
representing the People in the case expressed their
conformity thereto. The agreement was unqualifiedly common sense as to be unconscionable , the Civil Ctrfe
admonishes judges to take principles cl right and
approved by respondent judge. The fact that the lessee
offense, and its necessarily lower penalty , resulted from justice at heart . In case of doubt, the intent u to
a plea bargaining agreement is of no moment as far as promote right and justice . Stated differently , whet a
the penalty to be imposed is concerned , That provision of law is silent or ambiguous , judges ought to
downgraded offense and its lower penalty shall control invoke a solution responsive to the vehement uige of
the judgment of and any further proceedings before the conscience . These are fundamental tenets of law.
court a quo ,

11
Madnjai Transpirt . Inc vs Lapanday Holdings Corporation, 436 SCRA 123 * 210 SCRA 24 B < 23 June 19*2) .
51
( 11 Aupcst 2004 J. 93 SCRA 437 ( 31 May 1570 ]
T
Peso vs, Meja / es. 28? SCRA 372 ( IS Augusi 2002 ],
5
24 G SCRA 511 ( 27 September lSriS ) .
h
=
26 SCRA 422 ( 6 December J 595J , Uy VB. DiZDD 'Capulong . 221 SCRA Bit f 71’
 440 ARRAIGNMENT AND PLEA
", l
]

- 11
*
APr,
^mu

orrenM J-
Th« failure to Ti'ecipnl ij such
^ . morion ,
amounts ro ignorance? of tlie* |Aw nnc , nc Ptttq
' ' cdpit ni
0, Pi*n
judge s f & ck ^ ,
---
respondent ' of prudnnco. t r 001 1
competence , in the performance of his n t
is rue, as
( respondent lurfgo
duties
Applied the rule id the letter , the palpably
ought to have been a red flag
' -
^ '^
contends, that he , h
jnConm
e
3 r0
^
v
'
:r=hlruv £^‘Vl r,: £*^.'
conaoqusnqii!
Oi
er ,li ,ln c*
*
11 1
*
result " Pina *ny btJM
the possibility of injustice.
alortinfJ m &f requlro the bro . ft
l
* *U
guilt mm to
culpability . Thft ,
hi the case of Heirs of Mario
Govoro 0 VltjQnco ln bl b, ,
b . «* tV.
d Brt
TtUly
* Qf v
Gufiling Agricultural & Development Corpora
the accused was allowed to plead guilty ro
offense from reckless Imprudence resulting In
to reckless imprudence resulting in damage *
tie

homicfd* ^ n
°TE5 ftNfc CASES
i

property. The offense of reckless imprudence r jfLiiLiii °

in homicide necessarily produces death ; the offense^ IjyiFROVlDENCE OF GUILTY
or PLEA
reckless imprudence resulting in damage to property
does not . In limiting the crvil liability of the accused to in People w. DumnQ
VJhel an a« « »«6 ra
j
^ ,
the cost of the damaged bicycle , it clearly ignored iht
. ,nal«
* ' “ surtl
. said
/act of death of the victim Obviously , the fact of death
of the victim cannot be reconciled with the accused 's
plea of guilty to the lesser offense of reckless
imprudence resulting In damage to property . Indeed ,
court is mandated to K Vn

Based on this rule, there KQ thiw (|

the Court of Appeals should have realized outright that
a grave injustice will be committed against the heirs of
the victim if the accused will only be fined P200.GQ
corresponding to the cost of damage to the victim's
bicycle , without awarding his heirs civil liabilities
corresponding to the fact of his death. Common sense
dictates that the civil liability arising from the death of
a person cannot be pegged to the cost of damage to a
bicycle .
erscutuj
standards laid down by the rules artt- auicfty obstr
3 condition
’pd
^ .
that the trial court must cbssrje to ob'iiate an
improvident plea of guilt by the accused
(1)it must conduct a searching raquixy into
the voluntariness and full comprehension by the accused
of the consequences ol his plea ;
it must requite the prosecution to pie sent
( 2)
evidence to ptave the guilt o‘ the accused and im -
precise degree of his culpability ; and

499 5CRA 301 ( IB ALIJUS 2005J. * 3J9 SCRA 75815 April 2QO0V
 44 « AflMIOrtMFPfT AND PLEA

” ^tjrr *****
f 3; II LJifl
mutfi iiak . * Ml
cfMiros ro rrps^ m avldmce
,
iadini(uflifl 3odaslft i '°
on ( us JWhuff ,
fmri -tJ5 *wr > m
lLJ|ft
Alth & Ugh tUiim

Htfl rnuonnJrt Iwhmd

'
the rul*? it) ff,lloW
. a <J Cnu
^lLqon ^ u 11 *vnvrUss',
iiinfli prorat'd wJth mot® carr> where ^
ulp CQUrva
U) Ascertw-
piimnlimniii is in ILP severest form, namn|y death
.
- , h® ***< 7
reason (hut the execution
LrrevertfibJo The primordial purpose ts Lo,
improvjtJoot pleas of guilt on Lhe ptm of an
of eucb n Mtllg 01
r‘ ”
**
hoVj ha was hrcrtiQbt ir
bethOT ho h«i the nnjftaJr
^tlorinp il^ cusiodLai a 1 j * *' **
( Cl under What
[ [

ccmlL
jci

^ k

tt,5
^
CCttn
„
i )
it,}

]- ^ mV ^
whore grave crimes arc involved since ho
^ £*
1
** ***
Admitting his guilt before the court and thus
forfeit
hx<r fife end liberty without having fully under stood
.
meaning significance and copsequEccQ of iiiE plea 71,
the*
.
^
j lt 0 rrogated
| dating

cDcrcet! 01 placed undei n XJI JT ,****** ba

tbreatE of physieol hartu stJr B *, <&**?
^
.^
Moreover, the requirement of taking further OVirJeqcn
wouJd aid this Court on appelJats review m determine
-
rtuart c ^
robes-
or simply tc
beuaito H
"
m

rfie propriety or impropriety of tha plea , 5* 0

( 31 th* d«fen
Anent the first requisite , the searching inquiry questions as to whether he wi
OMU > wnts
ert ^ (
^
comp!cieW explained to. tha « \Uiija lhe with ari
determines whether the plea of guilt was based nn a f [Ce
=
,

and informed judgment . The inquiry must focus cn this consequences of a plea &( g j y .
Tntaiur g and .
voluntariness 0/ the plea and the full comprehension of
^
( 31
Elicit inhumation about
the consequences of the plea . This Court finds no cogent ... , petsir iitj
^
reason for deviating from Lhe guidelines provided hy
jurisprudence -' and thus, adopts the same
1
.
profile of the
status , and educational background, which may Krvo as
^ :
accused , such as bis ant> , soaq ewnotolt
-
a trustworthy index of his capably to give a tea and
informed plea of guilty.
Peof ^a vs. GUtrtimba 5 l 7 SCR>\ 2 5 (J7 FflhltJJHV 2M" ). Pf -iplt? WFI Fsplftcl. Inform the accused the exact length pi
( 4)
-5 A2 SCRA 360 ( 1 ? Nov*mbi‘r 00-aj: PcopJi' vi) Alania 335 SCRAly 643 ,
^ imprisonment or nature ot the penalty under the lew and
Sejil intpr 30011 PPC IP vs SamqiUJrtor , SCHA 837 f 4 I>rcen! J 2000 ) ]
^
TeopJo vs JtifruioM. ^M 3 SCRA S&7 t ’ fl Ociiibtr 2flG!l) vn Magai ,
Piwpl ? lhe certainly that he vnh serve such sentence . Fct ml
m
.

332 SChA 5 ) 7 (31 MJ / SOUOi, Rmipl? VK M.inpita . 3£5 ECRA 536 ( 15 infrequently, an accused pleads $ late hope of i
-
February 3000}, Pmila v # Wadura , Jr , 33 1 S.CRA AW ( 2 Febmaiy 2003) :
lentenl treatment ot upon tad a M w
- ^ ^-
SCRA C 37 ( 20 July I 9K }, PeOpfO V5 Verano. Jr .163 5CRA 6 M (28 July
-
Pe*j3l? vs BelJo, 316 SCrtA 80 1 (13 OvrlchCr T BSJl I c ptr va , Day or , 137
premises ot the auihont es ot pomes
a « . ^°
'' J
I &0SJ , Puuple vs . Qim.iy, lS2 SCRA 43 ] ( 28 July 1 &S 7 > ,
should he admit guilt or expiesh
77 Feapfe
ts Oumirrba . 517 5CHA 35 ( 27 Febojnrv 2M 7 ) , People v * Ernas,
the judge to ensure that the
accused sees not labw
4CSSCSA 3? T [6 Ausust ZKttJ
!*
Prepin vs Taiwan, EP 2 SCHA TOO fH July 2005 ): Pmpb VJL Bflun, E 53
5CRA 5S4 ( 20 AupUSl 3000 ); P opJe vs A -juJUr. WO SGFLA 553 ( 14 MoicJl
^
2m\ People vs Odea . 427 SCftA 534 ( 14 April 2004 ).
K People
va . Pastcj. 37S 5CivA 10 j M 2 Mare 2002J .
p
705 SCRA SOSfVOnntw ®W
*
 4» ARKAlGKUXNT AND|*LtA

**"> KfcA
u.idt> r ir.i5t:Oc» n impress ions
a t
rtV|cl «l , lUT VJUUld bo
st the
comes mth it no: Thr admission erf nu
ptcp® r In!i also of the
nfmriw ^ ^^ tf
15
?AalriNO
Bp ()
‘ns&r -
11
*ul asifln
«tvc
* hm ' a*«h

-
.nen
yr

^
arfe-odmj it . that increase puniaKnp U
O
Contiary LQ
' •"‘n ttUq*
(S >Inquire ti the accused knows th by tha mm
convicwd T * 11
.
*
with tvh. h h& i $ chAfSr&d Arid hilly explain t 0 h > »crina* SSuv . bul 011 »
**
?
^ ^^ .SS
J,
i the
eJercenfs ef tSw crime which ts it* bas M ( HDBccuiion As c
Pt*« q!
.
iccsrtir e . « Failure ci ih& coun TO do sa would
#4 ^ his °r oOft'Tictions based cn p! by br
^ ^ , J 111 *° ft<**SitfL
Ca ?TM Vihile
i 1

Osutute U
5 v2 o:3tiO£3 cf ins fundamental right to bo inf 0 ini
, . . ^
ofth0" h*ve I*
fiel
faW * becuw
*5* twmdmus
precise nature of tbe accusation against him and a
den Q -* plea , mo same hold*
pUs o E the iUdB m*Bl s Cni¥ % ^
cfhis

be in a
ngbt to dee process.

All questions posed to the accused

fSI
language
should
iciOwa and understood by the lattej
'1

IN heft the lum crJUn r

c , edible evidence to
convict
^ =
^ .
«* h p a
* tf fr in 6

and
leasofiable doubt , the sam* TOUs,^ beyond
The trial judge must satisfy himself that simple tea son that the conviction U*
IV *
the accused , m pleading guilty, is truly guilty , The
accused must be required to narrate the tragedy or
reenact the crime or furnish its missing details .
the gutfly plea of accused but
evidence plowing his cocnmission
charged . ^ 1“ *CGnyinong
* EVt
°* ttte » < G MS ia
CO

Anent to Che second requisite, the prosecution

of guilt
,
_
Moreover , there can only te an unjncvniscr,
under Section 3, Ruk m wtere
ptea
must present evidence to prove the guilt of the accused thae is a
possibility of an accused being meted out the supieme
and the precise degree of his culpability. penalty of death . Again, the obvicua lationala fci ibis is
IQ ascertain that accused truly und & isr.ar.ds the due
In the case of People vs. Ceredon? appellant consequences of his plea . ConrideriEg that R.A No,
claims that the trial court based its ruling of conviction ',:
9345 = has prohibited the imposition ol the death penalty .
on his “ improvident plea of guilt " He argues that when
*
the raison d' etie behind said rale is absent in the case cE
-
he was re arraigned and he pleaded ’ guilty ", he was not Ceredon.
fully apprised of the consequences of his change of plea
from "not guilty" to "guilty." According to him , the trial
court did not inquire as to the voluntariness of his plea « An Act tv Impc tho Death Peaahy C«w»
^ ,
ta|that Purpose tte R«v ?e4 ?*iul Uv« a ^
teM M*
^ •
and that it failed to explain fully to him that once

- Lav;s. and (or CTUET Purpose, it! - « ^gpu n

“ iS f

13
Peep !* vs Beharaa 639 SCRA 157 ( 10 Jamtftfy 20 t 3 ; People vs . Francisco.
>
,
pgopte V . Tahcp, 3H SCtA ®
Lainndamim. j05 SCZA ^ 1
SPPJl tU KW .
iiU
,
'JM

=
63SSCHA «O ( l 7 Novflinlyir 2m 0i ; ?ROf £e VB , Picquinto. 520 SCRA 712 ( lt
Apnl Ecoin. R‘Jop£r? vs ManUa , 43 SCRA 342 ( 14 July 2 KM }: People vs
*
1962 ) .
An Act Piotutriusg the Icnpcultwn
, remli ?&&t
. ^ **
Ton itao, «3 SCRA St 3 (7 July 2CC4 )
* ^
&42 SCRA SSOt'JS January 20031
Jyne 2006),
r

<111 A UJ i rt HIM MK Hr A N i > i i , > A

Mh A rjHu
‘
«1
Annul 10 IU« iftirrl imruNiiO, th« nccuhArfc
"
Kott*
fl /kHVrvi in jwwmu imHonc* on him
J ^
1 ll %
l>i
SQ
PJJCAPTION OPlCVibETgct
Lint . (Hie wfo lurLAucog, such nn \n prto
fin to vJhQlly, T
Lakfatisttttm.* whmf > cvim iv I ion th

- Court *
the iuripf * w /is rotrtiss in hit; rimy io cron duet ti Kri
Vm.
StSfl Hot*
, °
,,lv
( from a cuisaty rtndl
tt
S**ta it* atom“t-
1

Tth|l Q
'
inquiry and ivorso, rho judgn in LUia C EO
.
informed the accused ili it bv pluadmg ( yuiity
flrro " #lLElV ^ 0*> ^ailEed **• «« ' fcttfU
*1f ** Uni
flfcp the applicable* ryU

^
«
foifiutod Jus right to testify mid to adduce ^
evidence CJCi \
on .

s
defense the. coma niton was sustained m ihe While the °l FtiVi nq .

justice. The Supremo Court cannot, cm mere

interest of p. j
Pnjpftduisl gmwtatiuy Eoi ih* court wWyu* M Cran ftitoi
grounds. alJow the revolting perversion of the capital cffiecse , lQ Vri
appellant m go unpunished .
. accuse to fi
pullt Oi the accused and ^ , al
W giiaHiy
CLlnimt* anoiHi
upon the commission til th cnm
In People vs. Mira * * the Court once ^
of guilty. that , s nut ss iri tvari
& At
«P *
afffltn
reminded trial judges of their obligation to conduct a ^ *
latter, the reception oj evidtmo n A CHen . la ihe
^
ii
court /" It cannot then be s& thai
^
*:9**17 w'b *
"

= *
searching inquiry when confronted with a plea ofgutlt to
: ial
s capital offense, At the same time, it also reiterates ihat when 11 failed to tequut u piosecutijon DTjrt trc<Ml
*
-

evidence in order to have 5Jome bs tot the ta

the improvidence of the guilty plea wUI not prevent tho
conviction of the accused if the evidence duly presented ^ dsdihmMlil
doss establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt. In the case of People
its settled ttillajtta

SECTION 4. Ple& of guilty to non-

capita! offense; reception of evidence,
Court
merely
buL
reiterated
joints
ELILIOXITITS
le j
the issues oi the cmwleuu « tetonummi,
to Sr. adsTLiLssiou guj+t sun c . ttic
"

facts alleged m the complaint or lulotmatipn and In 1V113

^^
discretionary. When the accused
^
sense takes the place of the trial teeil Sut;h plea
pleads guilty to a non-capital offense , the removes the necessity of prestutinig furthet evl'clmce and
court may receive evidence from the for all intents and puiposes the ssse is deemed uitd on
parties to determine the penalty to be its merits and submitted fot decision , It Isavw me cojn
imposed. ( 4 ) with LIO alternative bat to impose the penalty ptsscribed
by law , K

M
=
Rogaiada , F. D . { 15951, BfiliiM i l UW
i ^
s^nu
- »1K:RA
r 53SBCRAS
f to Much M j.
« fi0 ddober 30<
M
345 SCKA 145
Peopie vs . Bipuap.
W 7 )
,
5 3 {21 J
infill .

^ SCRA &33 US 1
)
 4W AJ RAinWMfNT AND FLEA
^

Thus , vvlion farmBlIy cmered on nnflltmtnnn

Wul

,
- ito H
--
* **
1
**» Ajri
’^ tfTT At^ H^
. jhnn

-- -
sustain n c?HWtiOn (or any offanso * > tun c
sijfiicisiii io
tfiu utfarmation . without Lho necessity or * aic t*i , ^guilW bacauae tft

**1*
Vj
.
' tv> #'!U>C.V SLjhji» .r ,
ttlBtnt «od to Plenri VllJ £
;„•?r
in
additional endimce. since by so pEoaduifl . iho dofa mened to , <* I3).-U » «« vk
" *_ WAI '

tu f has supp IietJ :h & n Qiressary proa f _ M nclam '

^ Such
1( f

_ ^fcli s «rA n nl‘

V
' P* FHC lt

teslimottv fl

. dllti «Wrtea | C««1

^ ntA 1. ptAlt.V*
SECTION
improvident pies of
5

—
JWfAdVsHVf ?/ 0 /r
guilty, At Any tlm ©
before the Judgment of conviction
becomes final, the court may permit an
withdrawing his p> a
pCL on
was withdrawing
Bppo Ha nt ' a own
01
his part , the UlUi W'JJU
* m-X* .

^
-
' 'HSU S ' '***

^
ll ,?d ht3
^ntenuon thftt « *«»
^ *
improvident plea of guilty to be he ^
enw fl athought
guilty plea. i hn ,
^ ^«««*. ta»4,
’
withdrawn and be substituted by a plea 1 tTRO
.
of not guilty (5) net 1»** of

Even assuming th« to

ar, < subseciUDnUy
^
^
"Uttomui,
4.

NOTES AND CASES of

operate to
^ vmMt*;; tT BliCb. fart >=a
automatically Pxciripats
p
- -
not bJiri ttom criminal
liability . Convictions based & rk sn
ptea &.
guilty are set asid<i Ollly ii such rg„^ L*» the sgta
nptcnndpCit
CATEGORICAL DECLARATION OF WITHDRAWAL,
REQUIRED
baiiiB
the judgment . II the trial court teueti QTi au+trataLl and
credible evidence to, .convict the accused, caaviedoa
.
ol
^ 1

muEL be sustained because then U LS jusAWJni HRAT

The tenor of the above provision is clear. There merely on the guilty plea of the accused hut era evidence
should be 3 categorical declaration from the accused that proving his commission of the olfanss chugcd "
he is withdrawing his plea of guilty and substituting it
with a plea of not guilty. In the instant case , ths trial court, in da '.etmiTUTig
the guilt of the appellant , rehc-d on the extensive
In People vs. Solamillo^ appellant maintained evidence of the contending paitsas not mei&ly on .
that the trial court erred in disregarding his tacit plea of guilty . Indeed bis conviction, can be sustained
withdrawal of his guilty plea - However, there is nothing based on independent evidence othet than his plea
.
imptovideutly
in the records to show that he filed a motion to withdraw Thus , whether or not his plea of guilty vras
his plea of guilty or that her in any manner, manifested made is inconsequential lot the simple
teason ib&t tos
« 0 5
unequivocally that he was withdrawing his pleai HB conviction was based on other evidence P
:
contended though that he made such manifestation culpability tot the offense charged

fjflipl SflSCSA
Fecplo VS . Monukdo 2S SCRA M 2 ( 20 Juns 1969): People vs. Salazar.
.
11 IG &
Phi] , ! D&0 ( 2D June 1959].
404 SCHA 2\ 1 (!3 JLUIO 21M3J,
 450 ARRAIGNMENT AND l" LEA
put" 1
, 0

** n >i* K
SECTION .
R Duty pf
court to
vVtlftn
,° tim,
tl JI (f > r
tVi,p
W

inform jenMwf his right tp cauuitnf

of r
Hofor* nrralpnruoni
of hl
.
Dio court
hall
« rlflht lo coujihai "
Inform tho ACCWiofS
nnd fink him If ho doilroi to hnvo oha , A
R1(1BT TO COUMSIL
UnleM th accuiod In allowed in
*
pomon or has employed
dofona
Lika Other pflrJWri)
Tfc .'"MVABU
himself In
tarij . tU
!ll
counsel of his cholco, the parte lB walvobl i nrj
cotin
assign n counnoi tlo ollclo to dofaari him ,
munt do
(1) tllS
^
waiver LH Hoi
bic5 ^ * public policy , Rior
r «*>*
prejudicial Ihlltl
^
IQ Q .stQrrta;
'viih ‘
( i Jni ^ *7
NOTES AND CASES low: and fey

(2 ) the waiver is

—
unoermvocatty. Wmgly
COUNSEL DE OFICIO DURING ARRAIGNMENT
ond intelligently made *
In Ebnlllt vs. Paasr xh* w.
Under ou; rules of procedure , it Is not enough for appoint a c ' „,

^-
pt H
the Court to apprise an accused of his right to have an
the judae 'e decision to
the « mta «
*
, "
attorney , It is not enough to asli liim whether he desires
W
“ duhp 9 ha s , , “
the aid of an attorney. But it is essential that tho court
should assign one de oficio for him if he so desires and he
is poor, or grant him a reasonable time tD procure an
5
vehement ebiecttons Iron the Cou ;
that the ledge s action did not violate he defendant's
right to have counsel of hoi own choice. ^
attorney of his awn /
SECTION 7 . Appointment of
The appointment of a counsel de oficio in tho counsel de oficioThe court ,
absence of tho defendant ’s counsel de parte is not considering the gravity of tho ohense
prohibited / 4 not even by the Constitution /’ especially and the difficulty of the questions that
when the accused themselves request that appointment , may arise, shall appoint as counsel de
In fact , the court has a mandatory duty to appoint a oficio such members ot the bar Is good
counsel de oficio when the accused has no counsel of standing who , by reason of theli
53
choice at the time of their arraignment . No such duty
exists where the accused has proceeded to arraignment « LibuLl vs . Poop
*. 469 5CRA 61 l1 & « « IHSjj Uitf-Sd Sia’- * ^
Q p

E & iV ? a Plus 133 iaa *• *SUM «*

,
and then trial with a counsel of his own choice. Thus , . (
w People vs SOT
Ktlaykc , 31 Phil August l 15 Utotri
371 ( 2fl * = i.

Cauit d
« 19 HI 1966V.
ys
5 (8 February
H Psapfflvs . Maqveda . 242 5CRA SS 5 [ 22 Match 1 S 9S1 - * People vs 141 5CRA 2Vi 111 Pftunsn
Nicardto,
w ELMJJJI vs. .is , 362 SCRA 38$ ( 9 August 2001 ) .
ra ’
Appeals. 24 SCBA 663 ( 15 .
iT People
vs EaircLftatrJ . 421 SCRA G3D ( 3 February 2004 ), n 362 ECetA 385 A 0 uSl
M Ssysoti
vs. People, 16 G SCRA 660 (28 October 1988 ) ,
^
 • ,
AnnAKirmrNT ANP IM-EA
4S
* #*( » 11
1
*"*M0" Ut
^
experience nnd ability. can compatenily at:cuiifH
*Vt
a cowed . dint tho |f
.
defend lb* But In localities
June
' Ei trado=. nt » Sli.
where such member* oT tho bar flfo nQt qiinlillwl to nvfin fWt*rU aii.il
available, the court may appoint liny
person, resident of the provinca «^nt of
good reputo for probity and ability,* to
dofend tho accusod . ( 7a )
«» ? d|Bc
‘°uon. , r- 4; r,;° .

occuaetl . Tho |WIU6 a(veto to uw

^
Llb
NOTES AND CASES roupondom centnut *« »
Wavrj *
ir,
vjWwVi n
amounting to lock 0 [ HY/UJI1 cl ^ 5t ncrt.
‘ dn to n
the two PAQ lawyer aa a! Vansdistirsn \!\ ^
, 1
f
Q!

CORIUMAr fj*? often) for the . ^

FL ccufiocl who am lQl tr)dIQQUX
HOLE OF PAO LAWYERS IlKAS
^

S5S“§;£:.
PAO conienttad
An accused may exercise hts right to counsel tv
ejecting to be represented either by a court - appointed
lawyer or by one of his own choice. While his right to bo
represented by counsel is immutable , his option to respondent to appoint and wa. ol
. ? ^A lawV»r ».
secure the
if
services of counsel de parte , however , is not
absolute The court is obliged to balance the privilege
to retain a counsel of choice against the states’ and the
offended party’s equally important right to speedy and
counsels tfe oficro, )s limited bv s
Implementation ( LOl ) No
and Presidential Deciee No.
H, .^^^ ? 0{ Uue: ot
1572
afftembat
ai

1980 «

adequate justice . Thus, the court may restrict the

accused 's option to retain a counsel cfe pane if the In the implementation ol ihs said provisions ct
accused insists on an attorney he cannot afford , or the law, PAO issued Memoiatidum Cn <mlai Mo b. S^nos ol
chosen counsel is not a member of the bar , or the 1997 , as amended by Mcrnvsiandum Circular No. 12 .
attorney declines to represent the accused for a valid
reason , e g. conflict of interest and the like /
4
w &5C 20, The Ciuians L gsl
Office)
*
shall represoni , !C?H> ot
-
hm AAtea Gfttt tew
chaig«
tea Pulftti: Mteis&tft
pffTtw i . in
fomiiT. a alt
Republic Ac* f 2 a 6025 , OT OW imitate * asn£ n t1 trail
In the case of Public Attorney's vs. Office iSm Ao* mwisgauen tta
civil. administrative- and cnrottiAi cma
Sandipanbayon, Special Divisioneight ( 6 ) PAO
lawyers filed an Ex - Parte Motion to be relieved as court -
LtllCC Ml of justice wifi bo nwv«l itw*
dofinod by Republic Ac 3BM, 4S inwiwi
by aet
d
-^*^
vita*»* 1 Mall to
OTI aw M
rsmd ^
'/rtl tori*

- .
Bureau of Aptian Ugnl ASMU« « ! P
appointed counsels with respondent court on the ground ond such cases as arft nowhirdW bv
WHEREAS » CiOKI W.,
Govenimeftt o! tl«
, «
“ d « hgi «
° .
Twenty - Fourth Ar miii] Hdvt &W cf Criminal Pioceriuf ? Lfnited
-
1

Ceorgerawn
pereonn , performs a
State
vrtAl
in uptinldir .g i ^ rij‘fr Cl
/lBl
, , 1 ttio pi tcma
the ciiirwrv
- &M
m ^ -
^

Supror^cr Court and Courts of Appeals 1 9 9 3

-
Journal rMarch Apnl I 99 EJ Vn S3,
] 3 fpp 1095-1087 )
program of the ,

safeguarding !ih^ matiiutwcid *

1 14 salami
ivSte®*
-
119 Ul
^
adjriin:5t ; & r-i rjfl ot
*

the officisni and spwdy

M P*O?JP vs Zeno . Jt , 274 SCRA 553 ( 2 D June 1997 ) ,
df
545 SCftA 432 |15 F riiiir/ 200S )
^
 •440 AftftAl (IWMENT AND PLEA
iIC

Series of 2001 , and subsequently by Men)Q

Circular No. 13 . Senes of 2002 , defUimvr who aie C
Persons qualified to avail them selvas of clio SGrv . 7lRtnt in ctofonni), t
PAO Section 3 thereof provides dial il1& f0 nQwinlr"3 of Sandigonhayar.
. * Ulfil * 2lb, tf,H Qlf
aKJ[ ^ ^
tw? cOn.Tidared indigent persons ( 1 ) ihos* r(?
Metro Manila
-
whose fairniy income
exceed Pi 3 ,000 00 a month; ( 2 ) those residing m
cities whose family income does not
dot^' 1 H1

°
exceed Pia DOO n ^f
<
not
11
Tl
Fro5 eCmot , oi au
discretion since u rl* “ J* hut
»nd
pesolauotifi it .
'

“n
^ fan
lh*
rt th4 j
w ti

fiiibinct
month; pj These residing in all other places wh a ° When respondent issy
the ^ lh «a nib um
^
* n^ * ciLa'.u
-
.
^^
time,
family income rices not exceed P 12.000, 00 a mont
further provides that the term family income " aE |1& ri II
" T ttlQt
inllOVOd tllF? S^ r' JCr; ^ if hmterm/
/
r
TS ^wluti*n \i * P

n television Subsequently th« coungo

^^ ^
,
employed shall be understood to refer to the * B
***»«W*
income of the litigant and that of lus or her spouse accused Jose fcsttada c
_| J? ^
rdof M-
shall not include the income of the other members of tj.
,
were adamant aSfairi5t h i ‘ Hrjds btaai reused
"

family.

According to PAO, the Statement of Assets and

Liabilities attached to the records of the cases of th
trust the Sandiganbayvi Thr c, . nit
duty ta decide the case5 bu ^^
the trial since the accused \^V& r « CjQl
n
j .?!
counsels because they atta . *Q ^rvic«2 fl ot ntva
. m and
; JjBsnbatTun
F

had the
Hild r.Dt oj jiijQfi ;
V hh -
* counsel. Thus, respondent «6TCMd wssstej b?
accused show that they were not qualified to avaM under Section 7 of Ruin prajogativ
m old ! to ptetm ^
themselves of the services of PAO. since they could constitutional right ct the 3"C\ j-s*d**v be heasd the by
afford the services of private? counsels of their own himsell and counsel. Respondom
choice It also argued that the only exception when it can
appear on behalf of a non -indigent client is when Lhere is
no available lawyer to assist such client in a particular
petitioners to petfomi their duty *=
and officers of the court to dSSlEt
efficient administration of justice ,
mstsly leqjnisd
ol lh Bw
CuUTt IB tflS
-
stage of the case, that is, during arraignment or during
the taking of the direct testimony of any prosecution The Supreme Court held that respondent did not
witness subject to cross- examination by the private gravely abuse its discretion in exercising a judgment
counsel on record . Thus, the appearance of PAO is only call to protect the constitutional right ol ihe accused to
provisional in those instances. be beard by themselves and counsel during the tha\ ol
0
the cases. Respondent reduced the number ol P ^
, in view ol
PAO asserted that the sole reliance of respondent lawyers directed lo represent the accused
on Sec. 7 of Rule 116 is improper, and that respondent the engagement ol oew counsels tie
pane, ton
should have not only considered the character of PAO obviously » ravel
two ol the eight PAO lawyers
again relie g
lawyers as members of the Bar , but especially their possible exigency as the accused
mandate to serve only indigent persons. In so doing, the or all of their private counsels.
contradiction in the exercise of PAO’s duties and
responsibilities could have been avoided ,
 AIINAIGTNMJFWT ANU FLEA
4 G2
Ruj
*n , |tui » 116
fr
^ t a *ni TLIA
|
}

«1
SECTION 8. Time for
counsel tie
oftcio to prepare for arraignment

VVhonever a counsel do oflclo [,

. .-
*
Ijcforo procoorilnu AMl
}ianri <n
i
«l to 0 lVl> lh
* aV p< *A $* >
tppainted by the court to defend th 6 fenttemiiblr> limn tQ
. Crjnisuli * imt
- vv
. mbwil U
V!
l
ccun JJJ

accused at the nrralgmttent. he shnll be

S ploii V IVU \ ! ^ oNcio
** to tfla
given a reasonable time to consult wlm Altet all a| b. . ^ ,
the accused as to his plea before can taft consider
proceeding with the arraignment . ( 8} - nn
contempl uion of ultl ^ f
G
l?A < W«>f
^

NOTES AND CASES

counsel
interest is admittydlv

" Thus,
& n
,
ol thy pa|c„ c,Publl ct Pnv'
'Unic l - . nrI
=
<0 ^C7 ^
^
*

^ p:G!l
1»

BCCUMHI
u
w.

satisfies the
constuWl0 rJ .- x
si
d! fc F ftQ lav y
^
*

FLEXIBILITY AS REGARDS CONTINGENCIES and independetu counsel acciiawi r -

»
-ClQlp^ ttlVl

==
case of Lvmanfaw vs. Peralta , Jr. « the
rs ;cr‘:s
Jn the
;ss“ / rss
Sgnment. . of tIie
"
petitioner to proceed with the
SECTION 9, Bui of particular
The accused belorg tTTS.
move for a bill ot particular to
him properly to plead and prepare
itrnmcTiV
ettable
—.
rs w ch «ta
" “ * dander ° ’ «P W f
ground th « the puutiomr was already
represented by a counsel depart*
, .
trial The motion shall speedy the alleged
defects of the complaint or Information
and the details desired.{I0a|
tor

The Supreme Court held that the postponement of

the arraignment had no substantial basis. Thus, the NOTES AND CASES
postponement , initially caused by the absence of
petitioner 's counsel, became unreasonable and
ultimately attributable to respondent’s inflexibility as BILL OF PARTICULARS , EXPLAINED
regards contingencies. The respondent judge should
In general , a bill of paiticulats is tte , which
have appointed a counsel de oficia for purposes of further
.
arraignment only This course of action became more an action
specification of the charges or claims in artaignmeirt. to
before
compelling in this case when petitioner himself an accused may avail of by motion prepare for trial. U
requested the appointment . To be sure , he would not enable him LO properly plead
and
the
have been prejudiced by the postponement , provided items ot specific conduct not recited in
details
there was proper observance of Rifle 116 of the Revised
15«' 'Kpln
Rules of Criminal Procedure. Under Section 8 of Rule 116 , r People
’ vs , 224 SCRA 7 3 137 K7
Orasoy, =
SCRA 566 {27 Msy 1994}. 522|3Q Apnl 1 5)
74 People vs Bacor 305 SCRA
. , *
°
* SOFIA 396 ( 13 February 20D5 J.
 AflRAjONMKNT AND PLEA
4W

uu,
Information taut nortotheltf ^s poxtdin to or QTG |i
1cl In triLtninnl
the flnmo ch ^ tged . lr,
Realms ^111111'^,, ,
4 Ul ,+

In Vint* v*- Saudiffanbayan, tho Sun

'1 ot
aCC^d
( piTDO wiili
di« cricn
nultlci*. ^,‘
PWUaUU^
J
i
£Vn m tfert<*
Court expounded on the*
According to the Court , it
purpose of a bill of paitiQ '^1
is the DIUCP or
Junction
a bill of partaculais to ^ ^J ' c0ljrt lO PtQ
^
spch th*i peiiion* fJl
^
tU lUdrj
Tt" 1
^^
llh
*
aT
. -a Ji taint
Uw»
*^ ttaa
a* the objf ?ct or purpose , of
or limit a pleading, specify more minutely
ani r'
* ^^ tnituechB W know v; jlkt 01
^ m &Y

-^ rtUratn 1

particularly a claim or defense set tip and p!eq <ir.d la It 19 not ih*
hmttiori
general terms, give Information , not contained !fl thy
pleading, to the opposite party and the coun as r ta the
revised with (.ha e d
or shell riot
t*t ^ ; bn t*
^
precise nature, character, scope, and extent of the
Of action or defense relied on by the pleader , and aPpnse
ihe opposite party of the case which he has IQ meet , tC|
cause ^
proSec
particulars matters
people
Sawed
*
ol
intend to prove lh
er how the Kopltl
&
evid
^ n *?
* *** ta He bill ot
to how th,
’ lhfl
oligrtso

the end that the proof at the trial may he limited lo the -
factual information incluck din thy ran cl pariiaii

.
Tr
matters specified, and in order that surprise at and ^
peediess preparation for , the trial may be avoided , and pimcuisrs
that the opposite party may be aided in framing his i «« „rt
^
answering pleading and preparing for trial. It has also
been stated that it is the function or purpose of a bill of
particulars to define, clarify, particularise, and limit or
should nonetheless exercise
context of the foots and the re
in each ca ^ and he right of the accused to U
its
^ -2S
circumscribe the issues in the case, to expedite the trial , of the nature and cause c! accusation against him As
articulated in the case o! People vs, lannomt", Itr 15
and assist the court . A general function or purpose of a beyond cavil that a defoedant has a basic and
bill of particulars is to prevent injustice or do justice in fundamental right to be informed at the charges agamst
the case when that cannot be accomplished without the
him so that he will he able to prepare a ttefetigt - hence
aid of such a bill . the courts must exercise caieful surveillance to “ usme
that a defendant is not deprived ai this right by an
Thus, its purpose is to enable an accused : ( 1) to ovet zealous prosecutor attempting to protect has case or
’*
know the theory of the government s case ; to prepare his witnesses. Any elfort to leave a defendant the
tn
ills defense and to avoid surprise at the trial; (2 ) to plead ignoiance of I ne substance oi the accusation
' until
hi$ acquittal or conviction in bar of another prosecution This is especially so
to time ot trial must be firmly lebuifed.
for the same offense ; and ( 3) to compel the prosecution where the indictment itself prayides J paucity “
'1
observe certain limitations in offering evidence.
EW -
T
* Romu alder vs SarriL tibay^n «
^
5 SC A 37112* * ^ .
T1
5
* Umied Siatg s vs . KfilW . P 273 U 5 77 6L 17 Sflir 3« . TUS4
Wang Tai vs. United Siaies
221 SCRA 52 ( 6 April ]993 J ,
77
Ramnw vs . United StaTM , P Cjr , 1953, 206 P . 2d 277. 291: United Stales vs ( 1927 ]
Cflsert* JCir ,. 1952, 199 F .2d 905 . ^ 45 N .Y , 2d £69 11976 ) .
71 hailed Suites vs, Kelty 92 F. Sapp 672. 673 ( W D. Mo I 960 ) ,
 -
jUtgAfPHWHT ANO PLEA ,
4* 0 '1 1 -
Win PL EA,
«7

5^- - -
^
j saggsatssas ctfrtY toimri
a bm
^
ssr nVLppty

^"s
& iu

I r ^
nllGVi UH- CjftttpL&l&i ue
*
»

• • ..S££-S2?’
» .
V ^ 11 ^v ->
J Honce . th* tnmr„iv Ba
suflfofenr dCPS not ««J 3MB
nrriUlY
* p pnro **
«
h
°
^,
nav WbU
**> ar <Jf thtt
^ riorm 10 lflbe informal or ttiL acnnat “^ , ._ , ln
« « »«« >
^wr *n
BH 0B ttws liftin « esrunml
* '

' 'HTll. fl» K

llct &
^.
dftfefldfmft, »1 paEltyculura 11

jlpcINllt f 1 rf1

- ^ ^^
'

MOTJ ON FOR A BitX

OF PARTtCULARS cfol^ u ^ wmp
1STESSKt
«* H l* in 0t4l ttw TVicmit
, ot
HM*
, tl th„

Pcnpte '* tbfi« Suprom.o Gann tow

VtfMW 1 * nBd , h* '
sfaMd hay
* hW = lAmtau
& r PtiTlituloja haloid h« ni ctl
fn Eurtla vs.
that the propet tom^- tiY
to a supped ambiguity fo ni *,
( £> I
jjrtillB
d Htied In
anwiPlsd to ii v.^
tcl clcb
IVLFI mtomiiiiciTi °
mv?
vin
- ^, D( thu fetfret QI

btffoiwfo* wild Information ,

is merely to move for a bm
ona nn & reUe t)
dolffcll ^
ct partlcuJow to (W in tha
to make Lin imelJitP nt P
]

rtitff net foi the qtiflBlwJ

wffiGrfffmly the
-
pd
ri * lal s
* ld
of
P,
an
of
re
-^
r ° tiLJ
r
° 1 d 3f» n*a*
information
the offense
which
chained
°
that iho
Peoplo vs . Ilfflfipuj '
III
liiiata
lippcihcat cn of th!
1
, xifrj Sivpi Cwin
of the asotafctj m IEUJUA lut ttie
1 dalaJUi dasilfed rtijfatuon him c , f Uio
'
to D jnct tci tvidf nci font tztiiiVti tin inuo und ftnd

do noL conylituio an
rtfltit |^
admittedgi undut nn liiloiTTianart til thoio oi ^ gtrtWtfcl
vrtfo o
Thus if the facts chained
,

offense. ihen a motion in qtiasli Infominiioi

Rut if the information charges
] la in oid 31.

an offense and Uw
- ictiiis hut which
( iufM'iiin cTim*
aylfiCi'iitflY chatty B foil

accused cannot
Thus , in the csst> of People v*. fb* ^ - nt i<a
thB The
avarmonta are so v*W & lh' trie], then a motion for a
11 ne
to* apfrt
prepare to plead or prepare for
remedy. Supi ^ nif5 Comv said
thoi i\ via*
tnnOiMl luloitttatioti*
^
bl/ J of particulars IB tha proper epilation thh 5
TjlucifrHc7 ul fo <f
ctimmlfiEioti titai
nl
leqatding die tlat^ s ot t 5 \A\\ <3 *
Accorrhrig 10 the Court , the purpose
a of bill of could havft Wad it ,nfotiotv q ia h
01 & motion to ^ ^
in tha !eh alra n
particulars la to supply untrue facts or alienations
to enable the accused to
ptjtutiularfl befo ^
the
^^ >d
j .
eiTOV niu*
complaint or Information presupposes a on the ground that rmuy el P ee
properly plead and prepare for trial . It -
datcs prior to his '
, one that presents all the
valid Information
elements o.
the crime charged .’’ alheit under vogue leims. Notably,
n TJ
fflUdlAW 11® ;ri®
PWI«
-
v i WWi

* WS iCJM 1 (f ) Ai +U‘^1 31] $ I

*• fir^ innjjil RUht fit Rrltfr* of ftrtffl
FViit vi AtwjSutito* T'iPlul W4 ( l 7 Jm» tWJ
1 pi, ^,
:5SSs jrtpjirtd
«r W :» I
dl **
iu vn h
^ te, 2*X ill , 1*7. M A FIR OWMI '^ l
. *»Vy «' Poof 'f 1^ 1®2 ^ * E 13 3SBA
1X0 67 Nt II SfllJ 131
,
 AiMkiamtmT ANU PLEA
^ 'n e*1"

- -.
4
**
Of tt#p
^+ttrw
~T
srcTJOW 10* Production «r fL «H mutt
v Tor thw t*i Vital
ct *n* tot
"
,, .“
„
-
rwjtie 3 V) (
L

^
A P * 1.1 VJll' rf 4 *
potwatttort u cn .
0,01
« arf
acC
ntl with nolle f «»
©
liowlng g «> i ,
« »»* partial. tha
\n »* ** P*opJ
plfjrtwfnitT 'J* Vlvn . uws
, »* U „’ k pfl
*v^
„urt.
Cliuio

.
In
,
Pf “ v*nl
or Itamllon, may orrUr tha
~ cn
- ol thf »
iw r*
Ittt
^ ’-
.
‘ r

-
loi) rji
upprri ' pTalMihJi >
V *,,,
produce and I rmll Iha w ”^

- - ** ^ , 7tfl
pro cullort lo n "
^ ‘
'7: TU Sll i 7
.
or photograpiling

-
fnipoctJon nnd copying
m , n « olvon by tha t Itlll *M
tnat it ** 3ir ^ ,*4
^
o( nny wrrtlien ial
complflln n and
' other wlino
«
t n i In any

^*:dr T " **
. . .. ^ »*‘ « . tl'^
m

-- -
of lh offon conduct ad by
^
jnrott [gall © !i
" " i

« n w .JV* '
- '

lh« pro*acullon or otli* r invamtlgatlnp

^
prori i «w Tuny uwi

OrT,n,t»„ 5»

-- - -
my d «*lgnil d : hi rtK ,
offlcen . it * IVBII a * * t m fa ' * '
. ^ • • ; UPi .
iWfVrwj
.
cJocumnraf! pupfif ! . bwki
Iffffefi , phrtogrAphi. Object or
,
, iircminli
l /ih ible
^
! » >
” *
“f Iad bV **» « ’SSL *
" br! * tt* frjpt«^ iJIlf ,„
^
t
,
y.
ftjvi
*,LCKtL
JB
t

thing* not oihtrvrlM privNopfst which -

bald that ttv" t wrctd
« » u d t li
^
:» CTUTI
,* 1« tt*, m. ur*v VLV*
ut T

cortilliuto Of conlaln av1d © nr© matarlal

/

c*J ur tl -" * tint ,

v that ha 7 ta HI. <
>

to nny maiipf Involved in the CJ?

am In po © ilon or undar
IO nnri

ih* irstttivl ^ * I JC tmdano * by th i ^ :.

' y - riHutiftp Is .h
' *vt * b
which i
* *
p:wluct r . vm n : .
’ IIL :! 'j TIIIV I [ i
control of Iho proaacutJon. pKilIca, or
* 1
;?

othor law Jnvaitlgaling agonciat | 1 A )

, ) p tiUon : t
© #*
^ ht'
V T
lV. n ^ y.~
J vtt . a ' JT /ijr Min

toapactwir ,

NOTES AND CASES 5ECTIO? . £u i par tlon of

\\
ATT 4 / gnmrnt
proper pony ,
— Upon motion by \h*
tha irraignmint thatl ba
GOOD CAUSE TO ALLOW INSPECTION OF MATERIAL auip« trdad In lh* lollffWVJHI *****
EVIDENCE
to b*
movn Thu ictviwD * pv*ar»
( «1
Ibis nil r « f #*ts to th** right of th© ncciic^ J to !
'
© untonnU CMRU
tr . <' tullarlng Itotn *n
for production or inspection c1 nw:«ial oviilirtice in rtndar* hia
possessjon of the prosecution It atithonrnn the condition v/ hlch IlacitvtlTnd tb eh
* *rg*
•
Uur to fully undent*
to rnsp^c: copy ct photograph any midonco of unable
prosecution in its poa 6i*atif > n after obuumrvj
ilw
perTTuasion of the court A motion Bbotwitg pood fc
w* - ? o i*& y - # 4 a* Cr* *
fj H
= ^* 4 ‘ e - al
^
r ~‘

» - c 1W
f ii
"

* ^
i
i i
 ARKAJCHf AND
470

him and to plond lnt *lll0om y

•rjaJriit. , „„rnotton on OT toqhio, ihfJ
thoreto In inch nuo, the court * hj» U
tl
o instw^e Could b, ftv^
..^ * T, ihK .
or dor hta mental axiimlnatlon end , if
riflcouary , hli confinement for
purpoee;
uch
" It 0 111 qUipiv
^
^ "
1
" *» o ho«
* ' as
n rt O nrtionl
affnt^F

t 2>
mltochuncL
tl l-hose
^ ‘ ^ * »aps4

tiriUy *
**H i \h *
(ii) There exieti A ]> r « JudJclnl , EUSJT 1at t <iTL,!W
fovn tho DO
^*
.) ,
court m ; piK
quo at Ion and
; *
( c ) A petition for review of u1Q ^S
1
on *i w« on hY tho P
,
oa
(irraiynntent ol UH nccnWlri „
^
lbtml iftt*- icsoUiucn disposiiin r,< , ,
' ":
,
5 r 1 *
**ktPi
^ *> TJOJ va
R
*
resolution at the prosecutor Is ponding at
either the Dopnrtmont of Justice , or the
Office of the Prosidom ; provided , that
tho period of suspension ahull not exceed
sixty (00) days counted from the filing of
^
**
ior ****
ptOC
nod Bwd hy to
,
with
jyjthet delay
,,m
ma o th.in SIKIY \ chy* ftom ih* tll
b to o ito KM .
th* artalanmoM « ach
jr ""' *"
*££*£ ,,
*
*

^
**COUil
*
***YJiU
9tld v tou
*
.
the petition with the reviewing office .
( J 2n ) in Samson vs. Daiwiy* tha Buptttt Court
eKpla:iwd that white tho pendancy erf a * njviovi
is a ground
for suspension ol the anaiQnment, dem It
NOTES AND CASES -
ct Rule ' . l>n«G the clctameni ol tin anainniiiani tel a
* 15 ^ ^
period ol sixty (50) days ieckon«l horn hw lilmg ol ttu*
petition vrith th*^ levwwing olftcn It foibws , thtoous , that
PERIOD OF SUSPENSION aft *? i the expiration ol said ptmad. u^i dial court abound to
u anaion tha accused cc to deny tha motion to dufei
fn Agvfnaldo vy. V&ntus, tho Supromo Court hold arraignment.'
that the delay of the resolution of the petition for review
*
with tho Department of Justice does not extend the period Titus, in ABS CSiV Corporation vs, Coicn, tfcs
'

Supreme Court auw ay am clah&nd that tta

fiospWEtooel
of sixty (60 ) dsys prescribed under Section l i f e ) of Rule
116. Thus, the Court reminded the Judges that : .
th n arraignment should always be v ton
tho tow . wrcn
by lav;. Accordingly , \\ teitaMrtwl ton * u> ptnceed .
leqyttcnsfihi5 c1 dun
(1 ) Jf there is a ponding motion for the arraignment disregards the
reconsideration or motion for reinvestigation of the process and erodes ita Cuurts
resolution of the public prosecutor , the court may suspend integrity . '
1

the proceedings upon motion by die pames . However , the

court should set the arraignment of the accused and direct
die public prosecutor to submit the resolution disposing of " <54 SCRA 6 T2 izt W SCrA i’.tu *
*
*
T:Lrj; d -ii vi
SCrA tin «w* ^ ,
r * 7S29CTU WdtMivcDWSil -
* l Ct nr, vm ogut 'A1, « ^FA
30 '

i
 AffflAIOWMEWT AJftl PLXA

-— - 1
472
^44* l «l
v*
- I
In Half
* of Antonio F+rnr*n \r C
* - ^Ujlf
DivUJon } 9' tint Siiprnm* Cr lift

»5
{Korrvpr if *
it t(*i30 Jinf* of rt«*c
injuria* if lint uipnnf
^u . thut U»
. . \t« at
I f
ruT<*
wi
« c-/ procrd ^ ir*j hfnir
fn

-^ fnSiv* cunnti
*lri nitf •
tt+
tfiClJy
V*I WluW
WMotn
MnAiM
u*<**ll
dfllriV" *nH rt' flnrj stcnon Tim* to mow \
9 ditch /run cf judicial r u & mm % qii* ih
• At
pitwlyi* do IK*<
1 for !Jif « 1 '
41 J
,niiw
,
T
, pjrAj Um* lot
*ccvk*od n«Y^
riy
««
nltTihy
to
YiVi
ttupam*. and UJ *Y of" net t * bo tufin< i"w»tf
fiiiwif :^‘ 1
compUltit mov
°
> 0l v *
5 tt
taJormtltort\\*\\o ;uu^ IH t
oi i
\

lfnv .'
OVr|) t> jli ^.l tf If I ** * *
vjtnrtamiaJ **
1 iif
,
FM*ution oi |lp, , . thing
pnxrmJmnt rul**. cr lln» fxrmttlJTtt rT a CAAn i ,* r t* NOTES AND CASES
j .
Operation. u WATT*ntrKl enJv by c'cinip^iimg fri " '
lvjiflfj ( J>* purpose of jmline require » t r' lr
* MOTION TO QUASH. EXPLAINED
AcldHtomtl R wifUngr p; - To quJinh rrs' \:i1 tr, ftr.
nul . wmnhHm.1
Th -.J * a mtAfcm tr, tjUJwh .
Portlier* vi. Gonialer
Tfl2 SCRA 5M
February 20151- /SM t ire ). tfu J W }
> - n -
a TTUtP' ) AkM lt . u tw r,rti t‘i vrtivrtt «n
« *> r Vriur,y
- ..
ih» criminal cumf iAint’ or '.In* r,timin
-
.
hit v »lii4 iVy fit

-
'

aga.nrr bun t:n sr.i .If ? »*T kn on iTt * lnlartnM

i .'itm tiiwi
, * > Ur* m pc,.flt iw ot
Ibariti VI - People 7 B2 SCF.A 7*1 ) tfrjA
- I r « < • * arwr * « lh U 4 r ! H , * , . „ , ^
201 >5} /5M 6 ft 7 Xu> I t f i f ^ iw wn AI A ru*t tivmQituuUy vtmiU ^
*
lfLt lBljVl Tto,
.-.
!« * » ap«l>d qui in tn n
^ * JB tu.t' / K, Tha
«
ilv* uut t* ' it ir*
inldsmBT
Rir*. * Amf ' r.* rti ir . > ' frt rv •/. it 4 .- . -
m*Tnt:al
T. h
.
LT. an ', r.1 { tr..VlC Ti U VrtVW* VfPT UT WJt
* !n ' n
~

1 we -
. ;. i i •* AIIHIVY< \ r/> iwrr.v
hTP^J »vuc*: Y - (

^^
'

ctimo by UVJ
^i
rtl ' iTVi* c:
ciirir.v, tf ih* ir.t . trr. ^ Vk'vr
^ - .
r.v, la co^nlfttKl 4

'
1
»1 JK - ^ r. itJ 1 1 -
. till
r,** *.^A s * »•’ ^ •

-
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Ni F*0 pM v* o* l* /f /W Ur* $ AHW* Cfi*irr

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of i? jrr/ jr r r Court of App<** Ii
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NOTTS AND CASES

<JROUNDS FOFl MOTION TO QUASH

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courts in criminal c «u*« e!:*t of tan MI -
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the check PI r *n
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of having nittaent hrrnls i f fimultaneous to AGMK<1

the issuance for lick of jur »dieitom ow: r » - .
cf the mstmment Since there? was
tewnfi that , at the ume of jseuf? ,
no ro:o of proof or. the .
is do«Tr nd to have waived t^ » r nt to atvi/ tha
* to r,core:c cr uvh th*
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cemptamant IVM n Manila
prtittener cr n! hat art ^it Tt >4 !a;l'ilr> ol
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would be no basis to
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cCiWn r * * Jt«v g'S'mt +TTJmt Tr» S^ Tinn

r.^^i Vi pivno m tndat t ?;

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-
CTuno Apfliii *! p' f ^ns und*r th
#1 AnlJ ftar* Law C! + loOmvuX)
c,3nt* im'.*' A ViirL*’.^t3 K *. S^r i'T -! *n tl I' ’ ptit lit
'( a . . YJV> ..
J 997/ Any public ptocwrutoT " *'
’ . \ n AAIUIOU : T 1 ° c^inp: Amt
of thf ‘ victim Cf h*>i parents - of gu *rfli # n can pt »*«cui *:
- Vll

thn cft<*w|pr * Pv IIM'IJ. ATI nffidnvjt c >1 iint4 irt « ric*T os

'

pardon > A nrl n ( jicnind foj tho dl*mi» 8 al o! an fldicm. . 0) Thn

fcdmauBtiativfl w
AcrruU'd t « t ptiWiC
1 tufifjfsr.t M ptivat# t*iKiW
oncv thn fl ^ ucti ha # hnon infttt :i:r in conn Hfr #« tfs* ^ .
cl a:gT t - m owip m'fV v .
v: rtLm nirtilr* thn 3t> Crt :f ^:1 pardon cf ll ; n
instituLion of Lho action li ^ nc* th ^ victim had nti ^ adv
Ics: th^ n ihi or ah* u:o privtJvrj? to docidr w!i <nh*» r th*'
A ^*'1 oJt ^ t tb*

U) Tr ^
-
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nunwrti nuv«
OtTwt»N*4llTr«JlO to
Hi « action CAUSMVJ uadu* tn3 ur 'r'
- r » g j iur/rw
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ex <iny prtv*** P«xtv. vtu g*v,»> *fl‘’ ' ***

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|

fttw*mm* jti:
h :>«rriT ,
tn
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Court hold that tf **"» « bovH ^ num < i
.^
1 m i u - » « »

" ftYQt'V rn irj- vrm 1, t .nnL MVJ

nro proven . th pioff , s
Th « | «0*1
-
^ tw
« ' tigaum
cffpn ^ A * ViM
#knw>fil * of tb*
f>i

1 * XirWll Oi « mitljnt 6Tlv

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- ,!, ° <" nch k * nraV1{ u ww
3
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iir t’lHi nltKfti
Constitution
ACCUSED FltEVTOLTSLY CONVICTED
THE OTTENSE CHARGED
HIM WAS DISMISSED
ACGUn r F
OR TTIE CASE' AT A , V vT
/

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V** 5U;I *KTVM Court t«i,U? ra**yi th« -
’
In V* /*nciM n Sandig*nb* v»n Um r ti:i 'jTjurt
nxoiKKi that th* di*nuM»I
hy th
**

* Ombuduman of th*
- ^ to q‘ ji * h
-
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«

odmlniitmtiw caw npam « t tf * h#«««) oti ih» nm*

» m In Jr, n ,*>« n <flg« n &47in. Simml
FlibjrHrl niflltr’ f nhouM Qp* * to dikrm -’i th* Mtrrvn*!
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tFs »* cpiAtitum cf prr^f in ciimsnal uun H
Pi
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ki » nrSv tilM ktA ; » ' ri '3 iirj vx lE th «l .
proof hnyontl tort *t>nnbi* do> iM whilrt tMi in *3*ixvy r.t 4v»n miy r lh* 4lim)liwi\ x,t
«

-
.

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nrlniim « trrt!iv»t rarwte lit oiaJy irulrttflnisftl w int * Thu
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-'1 unt.ng O J*. d d * » irr »>
th* udmitukt:atnr* < **
argument was alr*n ,iv laid to r ** *t \ v hr* n lf >* S\:f roT, «>
Court h*Id ttut dinmissfll of th* dminuttAHvn cav
.
shouf l not catty with :t th *’
*

•
;

cf th* rrjminal
Tim
h*V* V'* t to t *
ro> *pp * **/«t to
tim*

-
tn r v n Ir Tan rt Com million
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an Uiv **v wjkUon Vr f tbA
that
on
. - .
ciiar* Th * Court *:to««vJ that th* bam * nf tnlminmtiAttvo it wu h*VS
.
.

Ejectton* • i -.r tr.to * tA

IjAhility differ * from crimmaJ liaNhty Tim putpoi *’ d n cf th * ct ^r:n»J c*** *xA *r> tnq I
Ombuduma
itd /yiinlfitratnro fTOCwiuigs is mainly to prctoci th* cturuw
.
puh!:c tforvico hativi ott th* tJir r* homj:r*i j nnnplr that - *dnutu *tt 4i(v*tynth
ptoc»'*yl!r ga *.
: !
of which t +
/<J n> u tbJi *
t jlu in t,: cxr^l
*. r ahaotuhan
jxVt vt*
from a
-
a public ciUc* t* A piiNiC tmit On th* rtb*r hand, th* efhn: Th* rt * » blnh an adiMnutltauv *
pirjvw* of ih* citminat pro»*nitJCin is th* punuhtnm: c! .
cnTjr at . n ntt ia bv *.O
chatg * . * an
Th* (htrr Lvv* ' cf . .
**cjUOTi.
aim* Th * r * 1S thus , no r*a *on for th* Sftndjpwihayw to c: v trr W11 tf* tlmg
qijash tho Infoirr. atjon agairul potifiono '. s cn th* Mam - jao
no*, tvaoftaw:Zy
^ ^TniaMl cf thff Adnunistr itivr? cdnplai^t . •dminttuauv* r 4V
»

-
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tJuty |lilB been d
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ach
0
extinguished

”
Ttiue , in Fomualdot
Cudi* v*’ Court
of Appeals.
case* were
filed bv fin unauthorized
Supremo C & urt hold dint
HdTiatf TO OUASTI

prosecution This IB of cour *^

n « rwndem ^ flie "
Ms
-
PIOVO lhat lIlt> m*n uu e
oi thm doublo nc" ^ ,
I° P icjy
° *
vs. Sandipattbayan, ‘
where the CIINRTIIBJVII! 0|tj n
ordered because iho > nfotmrtI 0|U
pmtv.
Socltcn 6 of Ru ],> Uv
honco void
!
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y,
ptlli » lT

Information *

Mowevor .
ih
7Q Q

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nctruimt aholt TiO\ bo wnvteuon ol iho

prosecution ior

r “T
"tho
in th (m ..
, *
Incii, j
'vnj. c„"n,p|tltll „
ynder any o! tho tollQwl,
lo ntuJlhOT

Irutonct,:
ly
Ihn tllnmq
cmtpULtni or
Ml

1 U

perdnom mid applicable An order sustaining n motion i 0

.
qu ish on ([ rounds other than extinction ol criminal
liability or double jeopardy, the riutmisisal of the f ] rBl
in) thn gmvor oftoftso itavaloped
duo to lup^nrsmlng IRCU *rlilnQ from iho
ttiuno net or OTnliilun cGfixiituUng tto
information does not preclude tho filing of nnmhei
InfomincJon for n crime constituting the sanm facts former charge;

fb] the IBCU constituting tho

SECTION 7. Former conviction or chniga bocamo known

— (jmvor OT VJOTQ

acquittal: double jeopardy. Whan an discovered only alter n plea mi onhitd

Accused hns boon convicted or acquitted , In the former complaint or Inlormatlon:
or Iho case against him dismissed or or
otherwise terminated without his
express consent by a. court of competent the plea ol guilty to the tester
(c)
jurisdiction, upon n valid complaint or offense wm mada without tho content ol
party
Information or other formal charge the pTOsecuiar and ot tho olltndnd
except as provided in tocllon Itf ) ol
Rule
sufficient In form and substance to
sustain n convfctlon and after tho U6.
accused had pleaded to the charge , tho catos,
conviction or acquittal of the accused or In any ol tho lorogolng rvfei
the dismissal of tho case shall be a bar to whore the accused satlshe*
or s^ ^
^
b
another prosecution for tho offenso whole or in P>« *» In ® '"*'
10
* ( \’
charged , or for any attempt to commit graver oH «"“
the same or frustration thereof , or for conviction for the
any offense which necessarily Includes

2 335
T^opbv * Bmyitx* 750 S JiA 677 IS Ftbmmri 20 I5J
SCSiA * £ 130 J. ? ^
} jJv :vrj i
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VfJTV>n YQ &
JWii %n\

NOTES AND CASTES » Y»:,1

( Zt ft rQ

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* Loi B itei v* r «Itfl , EMSCPA 303
" ( 22 April 2W 9 >
 MOTION TO QUASH
614

_ Hu" 111 Mc>TlOM

TOt
^*sn

-
prejudice TJHIB tfa t ,
ih <* Nisr»itscjil was with , 415
19 provisionally

the periods
dismissed
the accused , the case
provided under
with the e pros rTl r’ 'i|„

the 2 nd
*
may be revived by rhi* g
paragT
8 a/ Role 117 There Is no wolmion 0 duo p °' ee!3
[
'
,taif' ^
C ns, ' *5
»»u °
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,
wIlhw
-
“
stated
“” "
The form anq ct)

pt>lv
J) «
untioT Sem )cin ? " •
* °t q ,uw,

as Uie revival a/ a provisionally dismissed i;i

made within the time- bar provided under
'

^
j0
w '*
A motion lo c ua .
cxinunttf complaint '« ~
ot th
,
aS6a «s the
va ' , ,i „
pother, th
as an «
k
* rtTovts
p »onal dismissal of the
case do*
ar defenses ,npp3Icr;l
provisional d aniiBsal ^ ^
‘nlont
« „
lh
,
iMaaM“
tU
n'
dismissal was
^, ^Jf
f *
price its dQd 0n
noz operate
*" of Uw accused thus, mad*,
than iho defect* found in the
WuTTnTfcHQji
^ *T
die exP 55
^ rtouble feop ,
ihei* ls *
1
^ ^tbnl proscription Winn
an abused has double
A motion tf, qiJOfih
arraignment ( Section l . Ru ' 1 *0**

-
the
been provisional dismissal of ' "
0
hew may
KSS ^JJ? «"' when the^ln al

^
proper of ihe caso * &l t

“ SSSE«£
4
,
ds
* con “ "- replied consents nro pie 50m ut a/ Pfov »'-fed that the
sed
“
--
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"“ 5

ON A
MOTION TO A provisional disrm ga1 v,
QUASH AND
ssrr
,
rzr ^rri
^
information that is quanhed stavs mu
is

vLWminEV an
The Supreme Court had the occasion
distinguish the dismissal of a motion to quash
provisional dismissal in Los Banos vs , Pedro *
follows
to
and a
? as
Mnn °°
ri H K
piovjded b=
°
,. , ,
te iam f s ra« > to Mh «w
. Oil,.
T
"l, « o“ b
’
to Rttltt. In
what is important is the question of
lhs
whether the setKm
M B»,
b«mw »
H my
,
"
can still be brought , m , whether the prescription of
A motion to quash is invariably filed by ths action ot of the offense has set in In a provisional
accused to question the efficacy of the complaint or ,

information filed against him (Sections 1 and 2 . Rule 317); and prescription is
-
dismissal , there can be no jo filing after the time- bar ,
not an immediate considetstson
in contrast , a case may to provisionally
dismissed at the
instance of either the prosecution or the accused , or Quashal and provisional dismissal ara theietom
both , subject to the conditions enumerated under Section
a. Rule 317.,s; different concepts whose respective rules total to
different situations that should not be confused with one
another . If the problem relates to an intrinsic or extrinsic
deficiency of the complaint or information, as shown on
Its faco, the remedy is a motion to quash under the terms
CffKSiiiJ vt Prvnii', 3® SCRA 452 ( 33
Fi'hfunry 20 l3t
.
of Section 3 Rule 117 . All other reasons for seeking the
'* SgfiSCKA
303 (22 April 2005)
‘Jl Pr ki vi Olivn °
^ . 3^1?
Fiwftl CfWlWTJrws £tor, 37 35 S 8 Junury 2001 Ba ia
* < ^ vs Pr^vu>nal ^ Pfrople v * H , naut a: n) , f &J 303 US M*ri£ ^
SCRtV 437 Jan. u ry 1971
^ * > .'
105 Phil 12$ ( 30 acuarr 1555 )
 fernowl TO QUASH **"" Ifa toOTtQKTQElJiyni m
jia

, t | [. complaint or information . fc SECTION tt* f Jlufo to PIOVQ fo

gu*** flf fs aifope iinp^ trrciiJttrl rkm/tfcr.
^j —
H

eftsrniBMl yridor the eUcunwwmtiNi ®

arraignment ^
Sccricni La , fail
,
unde* P :ovisional
ritEftiiSbol. Thfl fallutft ol Ibfi acc\ n (nl IQ «»qix any
grounrt Qf n m&lion to quuh boloro bo

s*sKKSSw&af plendu LO lbo compkbl oi knlomullon,

uglier btcauio hfl did hot Ills a TUDLVQTI to
quciih or f Altad to nlL &ga Lha IAIHE In mVd

Ia lh„ tvs* Ol
.
Torr*? Jr vs- Agutnaldo, - .1 lh„ - i-noiton , »h*U bo demmod ft w*tv« at uny
olaJectlorLi cucepl thaie bhiod on itw
afiid itiat a inotion 10 withdraw ground* provldtd !OT Xn paiigrtphi t l » .
SEIT
infommUQuJ
, dM»> *
" •“ fr
10
ion fitod 1x1 court , their
l a an action ^
*“ <»
leynl nffr ( h) > tali and \\) of woikoti 2 e! ibl* Bulo
(to)
.
put an endi_
Th order granTlng the withdrawal of th*
vflrirMffs ^

mfenimlLO P
r
'renir°Z“ 7c,upon"nrtiw
^
finaiHV fl i fifteen ( 15 J days from
pr=]*nHl«
^»irtlB Bo» *
* ® to 0» re-fSBo 01 tto
*n Mie Qther l ) anc1' lh -
°
dismiss beCOTlKJfi finnl fifteen
WOTE5 AMD CASES

STJSSS ^ ill* «, 5
'PSW “ “ T#,»". -
lu » v «> «
5
r /ttt-UTUiTOQUASH
SL7rThs **«, « = Old* == c 0000 ud "*
flOTOtal rule u teT ftule TVJ Ot
tlW lc(1 o!
^

- ^ ^“
The
motion to withdraw ss thut to netted
Tile ODUM thus Held tbit a lime Iwtos*
and does not fall wiihln
Information is not time - barred rSed in asMit
TbS inline In Bunares II teadfl to ifta
tbo ambit of Section 8 , Rule 117
ir
-

VS , fiallsing"* ttiaL a motion

puUMfl into place the m* tar
dismissal. » * £' *
*“ intgrmalion
"ot
to dismiss v/ as hied thus
- rule on provisional
that the
* 'Is“thi“; sain.. 1;a mono",
cottiplaiipXDT M a s
jm '
any Btou

objection
into
^ -
vjaiwl o ftTVV

'* due
motion to withdraw
it dOtnpfied WLtl 1
to dismiss , ihn Court does not rmd that 10 withrtTdvv Thu &. in the
case « *«
thep T J ’
< 'z
m above requisite. The motion
infoiTitauon was filed by the Assistant
C:t >
Supienne Coud
raising dsS
*» , o( «*=«
de® "Wwhen
m
5 she
cc £
and approved by the City Piosecutor arising l«* lh" , SKuon 9 =1 n Dl
, d comP^ ^ L0
ccmferntity of the 0 ecu serf . It cannot therefore _ ^ «
fflirinlalnanv *" at aanm « The ° -
C 5i ® 1J [T

that the motion was filed with his express coo sen ralsgd her
_ ^ "I cotnpteinas*
recjuiied undei Section flt Rule 117. the
sai
pio
4 that the
’SSUirfB**
, .
0
ygtfl

^ ftBcUCral
SI
ui 3 gcjiA ^
 was nat iiuisdictjonaLof It did not d ,fr
ujyvwsnor.&d authority tho As gtent
^
Y3
° of
^arntni dol Cl ot llwi
nyalnn
to tile
V Pf !l<
?. , ° ^ .
the Information* nor77impair th* iUiU crt n cllrtft cut* ^
ft ifettm lU
^Uy tMrtiwd
MTGC .
to set on thf * s irncvr
'

° ^
the a -rcii,.
V
' Hraiecm rftl .
111 Ptwplfi *. Cunantn *
Thn Supreme Court atfirmed the di&aus »*ow that
^ n v« ^ „tho BMUB

-, ^
<3
-
criminal case tot v,elation of B P pif ** c| g , ^ * jeffulamy ot htt an** .
durmti the inquest proewq , £ "
2 W nmw
' 'MK ^tll * wcapt
authority of Lho private complainant in Tam
u'
vw. Makg.tJ«r. and the criminal complaint / 0f
c(
Tnk . . he
office. lr fnct
case With these
,
,
Jap ] 1
fe
' P flWcutof »
.
''
even Wh .b i '*nifth«wi us'ihi- mal o(
‘ T

and qualified trespass in the cose of Butori

- *
nuBorto ' ' However , It bears emphasis that in ° *
boTJn
^"* the
accused - appellant
tejiflichnQ the sarna
*
IT eqiapJl
, "
Go m h(*» «w
' ^
’ tfilRfl any question
tl5 rj

cases, the deficiencies in the complaints , won

challenged by
InnUgrtM
the
,
necuned ot the
,
1 0 BnI0 Kl
preliminary
" *“
Also, In P p c p f o v* . Unman 1* the Supreme Conn
-
hffld that the accused appellant was rtMnieii to have
arraignment waived his right to question the tegular ity cl his wrest
HiS claim that ho via a not apprised cl rhe rights cl n
Jurispnidenco la also (settled thm nny objection . person taken into custody undot H A . Nu . 7438 was
defect or irregularity sttotithiqi an arrest of nn accused ot raJBod only during appeal ami not ITOIOTS ho was
the prosn liiio in ihti acquisition by the court of arraignocl
^
Jurisdiction over the person should bo lirnoly rnmerl Ip a
motion to qinuih the Information before hn entero his plan GROUNDS THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED
on nnnifmmom , Oifionviso, tho nccuaod Is estopped from a pteB v/atvea any
question lug tho legality of Jjlu nrreisl . Ilf Any IffOnuluiJiy It IB baaic tiini entering
to the validity ol the
of dm nrioat wan cured ii|wn thn voluntary unlumsuion of objection the petitioner may have
except on the following grounds:
tho arrcuuurj to the* Ftnpjonril Trial Court’s luriscJictlcm 1 , 1 information
offense ,
A worrnnLlasB arrest js not n innsdictLonal dofoa . ( 1} the Information charges no
objection ilmiota is waived when n person arrested jurisdiction over the
the tn&l court has no
ab
nmmhfl t 0 arrniQimieiu without objection. The hlmp of
c largos nnd the isauanco of tiro correspandiiiff offense chara^d;
been
penolvy ot the offense has
f 3) the
oxtingtushed; nnd

[ tt
Oi
-
( Hi JjuiiiAiy ItltlB)
3Vi SL'RA <1TI J ') .
-
Crui v « Sani,fiJ 4li|JVAJi. <ttfr SCOA Ei (
.MS u,(i Mnruti JOMt, Curiin2VTlfl, Court
Auju « t JWS),
ci Aprenl -
" * 34 > lu ' jyj
ojlni
'

131 Jllujwr asst

’I

wa sen a ; w J L'uniian JCW11

1
, C »KJpU V5 37.1 SC -A ^»^
'I*

-
u .^ t' ' !5
ut 7Z3 SCPA 2751W Mwti W
VL n it m «
nj ! JM 7 I
J ^.
XJIU
A1
,
" 7 5 KBA m“ . . rrsiiSlw w» r»«*
 620
MOTION to CJUASFI
*<•'* n, pal*
’*
7 WOnOTITOGlj

W dpLibia
_
jeopardy has attached
„
<5f Tanchanto. at at. „ iUifcficbctlon
e^rtioJA
*s
^
QUftri
Dt
to

piohibUieiTii lloft Thv

.
cw vntHmn ui in fcxcmiu st
*ftbyt c c* lilSCii-ltlUll . tVlHLl
w Uini it would
i

J** tll <? Sf , v ,

aS
accused pleaded not guilty , * km
vlcttendiuil ci nccuwil Vi undeiQG
Sandigantufysn.
mortis re
^ ;-
,
J
0
L )erf the motion to quash
lv 0
ftntVoi LltC ocrt ^
ovoi the
-
fil nncl cxpoa io o1 n mal it ih r.tjuii Sncu no
^ *
dC oitetlW.V * 01
4

dismiss Nonotne
Section 9 oi Rule 117 expiry
* Juriridict ion 1«
venuo‘ . V * , ,„
not tho tocourt of ol »
Proper
, *
qualifies that
tack of juiicclicuon
tQ tirneiv ralsn ih «v
offcnse charged
nbiRCtion o(
cannot be motion
oW*0 Ot
dinmiifi o mQ;iQn te
discieliott Dr a
B wtu *hs!cM
ma e
antl
vmh
. (jinve
-
captiaouK ^ -
waived, and
^’
of conSideted motu proprio
ouUirary Krtimd

-
c1trjctee at Ludgtnflntplainsuch omiMfce.
in
by the court nt s y
of the proceeding* or on *
.” cannot bo nncl adoqurtiQ

.-
Court held that such ot flppual
,
PPB1I Titus
XT* no lector timely to H
” though a motion to dismiss
» 10
*
In TJM* vsr. CaHjasg tho Com qumusd
iho motion 10 quaoh basket on
petition for cciiiotnii alter
QUASH doublo Jeopardy Wdis dantad bv t&5]>ancl9TU {iidqn and
DENIAL OF A MOTION TO desist from funtroi action tn lha criminal
oideietl him totodisimas tho snme
case except
Ttie remedy of an accused from the denial of lus
motion to quash is for him
to go to trial on the merits , orJ"i denying tbs
the special In People vs. Ramos * ths wart net aside on
without prejudice oil his part to present to quash based on prescription
defenses he had rnvohed in his motion to
quash , and tf ntr motion
the criminal case was
dismissed by tbs
in the certiorari and
adverse decision is rendered , to appeal therefrom
by l a w ' Indeed , basic is the Court
manner authorized
doctrine that the denial of a motion to dismiss
ot to
In ToJentlno vs
. Pnqueo„. Jr . . 1*1
die Court
quash, being interlocutory, cannot be questioned
by
to: it found thru the
the petition for certiorari in
. cannot ba the subject of appeal until final dismissed gravely abuse his discretion
.,W
certiorari It judge did not State
judgment or order JG rendered respondent
Informatio n Filed by petitions to
quashing the * i m net
duly authorized
the latte
However , in the case of Soriano vs. Peoplo,
* the Prosecutor because
Supreme Court said that this general rule is subject
to file the said Information
to
certain exceptions, ff the court , in denying the motion

m V& ]
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