Current Affairs April 2018 PDF

CURRENT AFFAIRS APRIL 2018 PDF
AWARDS & HONOURS

Name of the Award Award Winner Additional Information
Dadasaheb Phalke Excellence Anushka Sharma For her contribution to films as
Award a producer
Condecoracion President Ram Nath Kovind Guinea’s highest civilian
honour
Leading Twenty20 Cricketer in Rashid Khan -
the World by Wisden
Firsy woman ever to be on Anya Shrubsole England’s fast bowler - Anya
Wisden cover Shrubsole
Wisden’s leading male Virat Kohli -
cricketer
Wisden’s leading female Mithali Raj -
cricketer.
Raj Kapoor Lifetime Dharmendra Veteran Actor
Achievement Award
Pulitzer Prize for Journalism New York Times and The New Awarded for their revelations
Yorker magazine of sexual harassment and
abuse in Hollywood.
Pulitzer Prize for music Kendrick Lamar First rapper to win a Pulitzer
Prize for music
Print Biennale India 2018  Arup Kumar Kuity Organised by Lalit Kala
(Andhra Pradesh), Akademi
 Satya Narayana Gavara
(Andhra Pradesh),
 Preya Bhagat (Uttar
Pradesh), Purvi Parmar
(Gujrat) and
 Sonal Varshneya (Uttar
Pradesh).
Youngest person in TIME 100 Fourteen-year-old actress She is acting in ‘Stranger
Millie Bobby Brown Things’
John Bates Clark Medal Parag Pathak Best economist under the age
of 40
Most Trending Personality for Diljit Dosanjh
this year
World’s 100 most valued Indian IT firm Tata Consultancy Ranks 97th
companies Services
World Press Freedom Prize Mahmoud Abu Zeid Egyptian photographer
Martha Farrell award Srinagar’s Nadiya Shafi Martha Farrell Award for
Excellence in Women’s
Empowerment
Intellectual Property (IP) Award Council of Scientific and Category - Top R&D Institution
Industrial Research (CSIR) / Organization for Patents and
Commercialization
Saraswati Samman for 2017 Gujarati poet Sitanshu For his poetry collection –
Yashaschandra Vakhar
Most Film Friendly State Award Madhya Pradesh
Sikh Jewel Award Gurinder Chadha
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Complete List of Dadasaheb Phalke Excellence Award Winners 2018
 Best actor (male): Shahid Kapoor

 Best actor people’s choice award: Ranveer Singh
 Entertainer of the year: Kartik Aryan
 Best actress (critics): Aditi Rao Hydari
 Lifetime achievement award: Simi Garewal
 Pride of Indian cinema: Sanjay Dutt
 Path breaking producer of the year: Anushka Sharma and Karnesh Sharma
 Best director: Ashwiny Iyer Tiwari
 Outstanding performance male: Rajkummar Rao, Rana Daggubati
 Outstanding performance female: Tamannaah Bhatia, Kriti Sanon
 Promising face of the year: Aahana Kumra
 Best actor (male) Marathi: Vaibhav Tatwawaadi
 Best actor (female) Marathi: Pooja Sawant
 Best fashion designer of the year: Sanjukta Dutta
 Socially conscious performance of the year: Rani Mukherjee
 Best comic role: Tusshar Kapoor
 Entertaining performance in reality show (Bigg Boss): Hina Khan
 Best actress drama award: Jennifer Winget
 Best actor (male) Television: Karan Patel
 Best reality show judge: Shilpa Shetty
 Best talk show host: Karan Johar
 Best lyricist: Manoj Muntashir
 Best performance in a short film: Divya Khosla Kumar
 Iconic contribution towards music: Hans Raj Hans
 Comic performer of the year: Sumona Chakraborty
 Versatile singer: Rani Hazarika
 Social and business entrepreneur of the year: Jaya Misra
 Best talk show host award for ‘Koffee with Karan’: Karan Johar
APPOINTMENTS
Name Department/Field Additional Information
Ajit Singh Anti-corruption head of IPL Former DGP of Rajasthan
Vineet Joshi First director-general of the NTA is an independent body
National Testing Agency (NTA). dedicated to conducting
entrance tests for higher
education in India.
Chandra Bhushan Kumar Deputy Election Commissioner. Appointed to the post for five
years.
Rishad Premji Nasscom Chairman for 2018-19 Wipro’s Chief Strategy Officer
M Sathiyavathy Member of Union Public -
Service Commission (UPSC)
Ban Ki-moon Chairman of Boao Forum for Ban Ki-moon - Former UN
Asia (BFA) Secretary-General
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Balram Bhargava Director General of Indian
Council of Medical Research
(ICMR)
Bhanu Pratap Sharma Chairman of Banks Board Sharma is the former Secretary
Bureau of Department of Personnel
and Training (DoPT).
Sanjiv Mehta Hindustan Unilever’s Chairman He is the current CEO and MD
Prince Harry Youth Ambassador for the Appointed by Queen Elizabeth
Commonwealth
Cate Blanchett Head of Cannes Film Festival She is an Actress
jury
Sitaram Yechury General Secretary of CPI(M) Elected for second term
Taniya Sanyal First woman firefighter of
Airports Authority of India
Former Indian Foreign Global Corp Affairs Head of
Secretary S Jaishankar Tata Sons
Indu Malhotra Judge of the Supreme Court First woman lawyer elevated
directly
Former CIA Director Mike US Secretary of State -
Pompeo
Veteran leftist leader G CPI general secretary -
Sudhakar Reddy
Sajid Javid Home Secretary of UK Appointed by UK Prime
Minister Theresa
Anu Kumari Brand ambassador of the Second rank holder in the UPSC
government’s Beti Bachao Beti Civil Services Examination 2017
Padhao campaign in Haryana’s
Sonipat district
Kavinder Gupta Deputy Chief Minister of -
Jammu and Kashmir
Sima Kamil President and Chief Executive -
Officer (CEO) of the United
Bank Limited (UBL)
David Beasley Head of World Food -
Programme (WFP)
Carrie Lam Hong Kong's first female chief -
executive
Sachin Tendulkar Ambassador of Women’s -
Cricket World Cup 2017
CURRENT AFFAIRS RELATED TOBANKING

Jio Payments Bank commences operations
Jio Payments Bank has commenced operations with effect from April 3, the Reserve Bank of
India has announced. Mukesh Ambani-led Reliance Industries was one of the 11 applicants
which were given in-principle approval by the RBI for the setting up of a payments bank.
Payments banks can accept a restricted deposit, which is currently limited to ?1 lakh per
customer.
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Government of India and World Bank Signs Agreement to Improve Rural Road Network in
Madhya Pradesh
The Government of India, the Government of Madhya Pradesh and the World Bank today
signed a $210 million loan agreement for the Madhya Pradesh Rural Connectivity Project. The
Project is expected to improve the durability, resilience and safety of the gravel surfaced rural
roads and enhance the capacity of the state to manage its rural roads network.
Migrants sent record $466 billion home in 2017: World Bank
The world’s 266 million migrant workers from middle and low-income countries sent home a
record $466 billion last year, according to the World Bank. Ten countries including India and
Pakistan had received more than half of the remittances last year. The US and Saudi Arabia
saw the largest outflows at $67 billion and $38 billion respectively, based on 2016 data.
SBI is India’s most trusted bank and ICICI tops in private sector: Report
The TRA Brand Trust Report 2018, launched on April 18, 2018, stated that the State Bank of
India is the most trusted bank in the country and ICICI Bank topped the chart among the
private ones. State Bank of India topped the chart of Banking and Financial Services
Institutions (BFSI) super-category, despite witnessing a drop in its overall brand trust index
rankings from 13th in 2017 to 21st this year.
IFAD, Ant Financial sign agreement to develop rural economies
The United Nations International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and leading
technology company Ant Financial Services Group have signed an agreement to propel rural
economic development and reduce poverty in China and elsewhere.
Areas of proposed collaboration include improving market access for rural producers through
e-commerce platforms and value-chain financing for promising rural agribusinesses. The IFAD
is a specialised agency of the UN, dedicated to eradicate rural poverty in developing countries.
RBI drops Axis Bank from list of gold and silver importers
The RBI has dropped Axis Bank from the list of banks it has cleared to import gold and silver
in the current fiscal that began April 1. Two other banks, Karur Vysya and South Indian Bank,
were also dropped from the list. SBI, PNB, HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank are among the 16 banks
allowed to import bullion.
China bank opens first unmanned branch with robots, holograms
A state-owned Chinese bank has opened the country’s first unmanned bank equipped with
robots and machine holograms to talk to customers. The bank uses facial recognition
technology for identification while a robot greets customers at entrance to answer questions.
Machines inside the bank allow visitors to buy gold, change currency, or scout real estate
investments using virtual reality goggles.
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Core sector growth up by 5.3% in February 2018
The output of the eight core sectors in the country registered a growth rate of 5.3 per cent in
February, slowing down from 6.1 per cent posted in the previous month. Core sectors,
comprising coal, crude oil, natural gas, refinery products, fertiliser, steel, cement and
electricity, contribute about 40 per cent to total industrial production. The growth in the core
sectors in February was boosted by a sustained rise in cement production, up nearly 30 per
cent, dwarfing growth in all other sectors.
Government levies 10% import duty on key smartphone components
India has imposed a 10 per cent tax on imports of key smartphone components including
populated printed circuit boards, which are at the heart of smartphones, according to a
government document. The government has confirmed that the country was exploring new
duties on the imports of populated printed circuit boards that include components such as
processors, memory and wireless chips. A 10 per cent customs tax was also imposed on the
imports of camera modules for phones and connectors.
RBI keeps repo rate unchanged at 6% for fourth time in a row
The RBI has kept the repo rate, the rate at which banks borrow from RBI, unchanged at 6%
during its first bi-monthly monetary policy review of 2018-19. This is the fourth time in a row
the rate has been kept steady at 6%, its lowest since November 2010. This comes after the
retail inflation in February eased to 4.44%.
ICICI Bank becomes first Indian bank to go live on SWIFT’s GPI service
Global financial messaging cooperative Swift said ICICI Bank has become its first Indian client
to go live with an improved cross-border payments service.
The announcement of the service, which Swift claimed as being more transparent, comes
weeks after the discovery of one of the largest banking frauds to be detected in Indian history,
the Rs 130 billion Nirav Modi scam at the Punjab National Bank (PNB).
The service enables real-time payments tracking across correspondent banks and has a facility
to track the payments instructions across the correspondent banks globally.
Aadhaar seeding must for bank accounts under KYC norms: RBI
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has made linking of national biometric ID Aadhaar to bank
accounts mandatory as part of its updated ‘Know Your Customer (KYC)’ guidelines. Till now,
an Officially Valid Document (OVD) for address proof together with Permanent Account
Number (PAN) issued by the Income Tax department and a recent passport size photograph
were the key KYC documents.
Cash vans should have CCTV, GPS, wireless sets: RBI

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The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has said that cash vans of banks should have CCTV, wireless
communication, GPS connectivity and tubeless tyres. The service provider must have a net
worth of ₹100 crore and a minimum fleet of 300 specifically fabricated cash vans. As per the
guidelines, no cash van should move without armed guards.
RBI switches back to GDP model from GVA model to measure economy
The Reserve Bank switched back to the gross domestic product (GDP)-based measure to offer
its growth estimates from the gross value added (GVA) methodology, citing global best
practices.
Government had started analysing growth estimates using GVA methodology from January
2015 and had also changed the base year to 2018 from January. While GVA gives a picture of
the state of economic activity from the producers’ side or supply side, the GDP model gives
the picture from the consumers’ side or demand perspective.
11 public sector banks placed under RBI’s PCA Framework
Lending to the corporate sector, particularly small and medium enterprises, is becoming
increasingly difficult with more than half the country’s public sector banks (PSBs) now under
the RBI’s Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) framework, which restricts lending activities of the
banks.
The 11 banks already under the NPA framework are IDBI Bank, Bank of India, UCO Bank,
Central Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Dena Bank, Bank of
Maharashtra, United Bank of India, Corporation Bank and Allahabad Bank.
In a report, rating agency ICRA said that five more banks could be brought under the PCA.
These include Canara Bank, Union Bank, Andhra Bank, Punjab National Bank, and Punjab &
Sind Bank.
State Bank of India Launches UK Subsidiary With 225 Millions Pounds Capital
The State Bank of India SBI announced the launch of its UK subsidiary, SBI (UK) Limited, with
an initial capital commitment of 225 million pounds from its parent entity. India’s largest
state-owned bank, which celebrated the new subsidiary with a special event in London,
becomes the first foreign bank in the UK to ringfence its retail division from its wholesale
business.
Transgenders to be recognised as independent gender category in PAN Form
The government amended Income Tax rules that will now allow transgenders to be
recognized as an independent category of applicants for obtaining a Permanent Account
Number (PAN) for their tax-related transactions. The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT),
which frames the policy for the department, issued a notification that provides a new tick box
for the transgenders to apply for the PAN. The notification, issued under sections 139A and
295 of the Income Tax Act, specifies the new application process for obtaining a PIN number
by an individual.
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Startups with up to ₹10 cr investment to get tax concession
The government has allowed startups to avail tax concession if total investment including
funding from angel investors does not exceed ₹10 crore. Several startups and investors had
raised concerns over the ‘angel tax’ saying it could discourage investments. The tax was levied
on capital raised by startups in excess of the fair market value of their shares.
RBI fines IDBI Bank ₹3 crore for failing to report bad loans
The RBI has imposed a penalty of ₹3 crore on IDBI Bank for failing to comply with norms
related to reporting bad loans. In July 2017, IDBI Bank had under-reported ₹6,816.6 crore of
bad loans for FY16, which were subsequently identified by the RBI. The central bank has
mandated banks to disclose divergences that exceed 15% of the reported number.
India’s economy to grow 7.3% in 2018-19 and 7.6% in 2019-20: ADB Outlook
According to the Asian Development Bank (ADB), India’s economic growth will pick up in
2018-19 to 7.3% on the back of improved rural consumption and a modest rise in private
investment while the debilitating effects of demonetisation and goods and services tax (GST)
implementation dissipate. However, the FY19 forecast is a tad lower than the 7.4% economic
growth that it estimated for India in September last year. India’s growth is expected to pick
up further to 7.6% in 2019-20.
AIIB approves $140 million loan to improve Rural Connectivity in Madhya Pradesh
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) has approved a $140 million loan for
enhancing rural connectivity in Madhya Pradesh which will benefit around 1.5 million rural
residents through improved livelihood, education and mobility.
The project, co-financed with the World Bank, aims to improve the rural road connectivity
and management for residents of about 5,640 villages who use the rural roads for daily
activities.
AIIB decides to invest USD 140M to improve Rural Connectivity in India
The Board of Directors of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) approved USD 140
Million loan to improve rural connectivity in India. The project aims to improve the rural road
connectivity and management for residents of about 5640 villages who use the rural roads
for daily activities.
It will enhance the institutional capacity through implementing a rural road asset
management system and strengthen the design and quality assurance capacity of the
implementation agency.
Kotak overtakes SBI as India’s second-most valuable bank
Private lender Kotak Mahindra Bank on Monday beat State Bank of India for the first time to
become the second most valued bank in the country. Kotak Mahindra Bank has a market value
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of ₹2.23 trillion while SBI has a market value of over ₹2.22 trillion. HDFC Bank remained
country’s most valuable bank with a market capitalisation of ₹5.03 trillion.
India has recovered from demonetisation, GST : World Bank
The Indian economy has recovered from demonetisation and Goods and Services Tax,
according to a World Bank report. It predicts that Indian economy’s growth will accelerate
from 6.7% in 2017 to 7.3% in 2018 and 7.5% in 2019. The report further stated that India must
create 8.1 million jobs a year to maintain its employment rate, which has been declining.
Indian Army inks MoU with Axis Bank on Defence Salary Package
A Memorandum of Undertaking (MoU) was signed between the Indian Army and the Axis
Bank on the Defence Salary Package. The first MoU between Axis Bank and the Indian Army
was signed in 2011 and was renewed on March 24, 2015. The current MoU is tailor-made to
suit the requirements of serving soldiers, pensioners and their families.
Recently, the Indian Army has also signed a MoU with the HDFC bank as well. The MoUs are
considered for inception and renewal with banks on analyzing their utility and suitability to
the requirements of serving soldiers, pensioners and their families.
India signed Loan Agreement With World Bank For USD 48 Million For Meghalaya
A Loan Agreement for IBRD loan of USD 48 million for the “Meghalaya Community – Led
Landscapes Management Project (MCLLMP)” was signed with the World Bank. The Objective
of the Project is to strengthen community-led landscapes management in selected landscapes
in the State of Meghalaya. The Project consists of three components: (i) Strengthening
Knowledge and Capacity for Natural Resource Management; (ii) Community-led landscape
planning and implementation and (iii) Project Management and Governance.
Bandhan Bank among Top 50 Most Valuable Brand In India
Bandhan Bank, the private sector lender, has entered the list of the top-50 most valuable
companies in terms of market capitalization (m-cap) following a sharp surge in its stock price
post listing. Bandhan Bank, with an m-cap of Rs 640 billion, stood at 50th position in overall
m-cap ranking on the BSE at 10:37 am, the exchange data shows. The bank climbed 5 positions
in the m-cap pecking order since its debut on the bourses on March 27, 2018.
India has world’s 2nd largest unbanked population: World Bank
India has 19 crore adults without a bank account, making it the world’s second-largest
unbanked population after China, a World Bank report has said. Almost half of Indian account
owners had an inactive account in past year, it added. The report added that the share of
Indian adults with an account has more than doubled since 2011 to 80%.
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China mulls economic corridor via Himalayas to reach India
China has proposed to build an economic corridor with India and Nepal through the Himalayas
in a bid to enhance connectivity. China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi said trilateral cooperation
will lead to the development and prosperity of all the three nations. China and Nepal have
agreed to a multi-dimensional connectivity network through the Himalayas, under China’s
Belt and Road Initiative.
India is world’s sixth largest economy at $2.6 trillion: IMF
India is now the world’s sixth largest economy, displacing France, with a Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) of $2.6 trillion in 2017, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
The top five economies are the US, China, Japan, Germany and the UK. Further, the IMF has
said that India is expected to grow at 7.4% in 2018 and 7.8% in 2019.
India pitches for independent BRICS credit rating agency
India has pressed the Brics nations to set up an independent rating agency of the five-member
group. India had first mooted the idea of having such an agency for the Brics (Brazil, Russia,
India, China, South Africa) grouping to can solve impediments for the emerging market
economies posed by the present credit rating agency market dominated by S&P, Moody’s and
Fitch.
India, Finland settle Nokia tax dispute under MAP
The Income Tax Department has confirmed that India and Finland have reached an agreement
under the Mutual Agreement Procedure (MAP) system. Nokia India was issued a demand
notice for ₹2,500 crore in 2013, which was thereafter reduced to ₹1,600 crore. The Income
Tax Department also raised a tax demand of ₹10,000 crore tax on Nokia Corporation for the
same transaction, which has now been dropped under the MAP agreement.
World debt hits record high of $164 trillion: IMF
The world’s debt reached a record $164 trillion in 2016, which is worth 225% of the world’s
Gross Domestic Product, according to the International Monetary Fund. The world is now 12%
of GDP deeper in debt than the previous peak in 2009, the IMF added. Notably, China alone
contributed more than 40% to the increase in global debt since 2007.
Govt hikes raw jute support price by Rs 200 to Rs 3,700/quintal
The government has increased Minimum Support Price (MSP) of raw jute by Rs 200 to Rs
3,700 per quintal for 2018-19 season. The decision would benefit jute farmers mainly in West
Bengal, Assam and Bihar which account for 95% of the country’s jute production. The
government in Budget 2018 had announced fixing MSPs at 1.5 times the production cost for
various crops.
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INDIAN AFFAIRS
Centre approves death penalty for rapists of kids below 12
The Centre has approved the ordinance prescribing death penalty to those convicted of raping
children aged below 12 years. The move comes a day after the government told the Supreme
Court that it was considering an amendment to the current law. Currently, the maximum
punishment for the crime is life imprisonment, while the minimum is a seven-year jail term.
India to join 8 countries having sex offenders database
India will join a club of eight countries with a sexual offender database to monitor and track
those convicted of such crimes, amidst growing criticism against it in the US, where it is
pursued aggressively. While the registry in the US is public, in other countries like Australia,
Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa,Trinidad and Tobago and United Kingdom, where
such data of convicted sex offenders is maintained, it is purely for the consumption of the law
enforcement authorities.
President approves seizure of fugitive economic offenders’ assets
President Ram Nath Kovind has promulgated the Fugitive Economic Offenders Ordinance
2018, which provides for confiscating assets of economic offenders fleeing India. It provides
for seizing assets even without a conviction and paying off lenders by selling the fugitive’s
properties. The provisions of the ordinance will only apply to cases where the amount
involved is ₹100 crore or more.
Government planning to gift obsolete weaponry to friendly countries
In a bid to boost defence cooperation, the government has asked the armed forces to compile
a list of obsolete military equipment that can be “refurbished at minimal cost” and gifted to
“friendly” countries. So far, India has only gifted used Mi25 helicopters to Afghanistan,
although it has provided indigenous smaller equipment such as patrol boats to some
countries in the neighbourhood.
Recommendations of Rajesh Bindal committee on Inter-country removal and retention of

children
The Committee headed by Justice Rajesh Bindal, Judge, High Court of Punjab & Haryana,
Chandigarh, submitted its report today on legal issues related to intercountry removal &
retention of children and recommends on addressing the problems of parents and children
involved in such issues. The Ministry of Women and Child Development had appointed the
Committee.
Jhulan Goswami honoured with commemorative stamp for 200 ODI wkts
The Indian government has released a commemorative stamp to honour Indian women’s
cricket team fast bowler Jhulan Goswami for becoming the first woman cricketer to take 200
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wickets in ODIs. The 35-year-old took to social media to share the picture of the stamp, which
features her and the Victoria Memorial monument. Jhulan is the leading wicket-taker in
women’s ODIs.
Biannual Army Commanders’ Conference begins in New Delhi
The biannual Army Commanders’ Conference has begun in New Delhi. The opening address
was given by Minister of State for Defence Subhash Ramrao Bhamre. Chaired by Army Chief
General Bipin Rawat, the senior commanders has deliberated on specific issues to Army
formations and Army as a whole at the conference.
The Army Commanders’ Conference is held biannually for formulating important policy
decisions through collegiate deliberations. It is an important event for planning and execution
process of the Indian Army.
Government launches Central Project Monitoring Unit for e-Vidhan project at Parliament
Union Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs, Statistics and Programme Implementation,
Vijay Goel inaugurated the new office of Central Project Monitoring Unit for the e-Vidhan
project of the Government at the Parliament House Annexe. This was done as a part of
Swachhata Pakhwada being observed by the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs from 16th to
30th April, 2018.
e-Vidhan is a mission mode project to digitize and make the functioning of State Legislatures
in India paperless. It is a part of the broader Digital India Programme of the Government and
is likely to contribute to the cleanliness & environment by reducing the use of papers to a
great extent.
Red Fort ‘adopted’ by Dalmia Group for ₹25 crore
The Dalmia Bharat Group has adopted Delhi’s Red Fort at a reported amount of ₹25 crore for
5 years, becoming the first-ever corporate to adopt a monument under the government’s
“Adopt a Heritage” project. The firm, which will be responsible for maintaining and revamping
the monument, beat IndiGo and the GMR group to win the contract.
Sikkim Chief Minister becomes India’s longest-serving CM
Sikkim Chief Minister Pawan Chamling has beccme the longest-serving Chief Minister in India,
surpassing the record of Jyoti Basu, who served as West Bengal CM from 1977 to 2000.
Chamling became the Chief Minister in December 1994 and belongs to the Sikkim Democratic
Front. “I dedicate this landmark…to my most beloved people of Sikkim,” he said.
Sachin donates his entire Rajya Sabha pay to PM’s Relief Fund
Cricket icon Sachin Tendulkar, whose term as Rajya Sabha MP ended recently, has donated
his entire salary and allowances to the Prime Minister’s Relief Fund. In his past six years as
Rajya Sabha MP, Mr Tendulkar has drawn nearly Rs. 90 lakh in salaries and other monthly
allowances.
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Tendulkar also adopted two villages under the Sansad Gram Adarsh Gram Yojana Scheme,
including Puttam Raju Kandriga in Andhra Pradesh and Donja in Maharashtra.
E-way bill must for inter-state movement of goods from April 1
With the beginning of the financial year 2018-19, the e-way Bill System for Inter-State
movement of goods comes into force; An E-way Bill will be required for moving goods worth
over 50,000 rupees from one state to another.
The electronic way Bill system has come into effect across the country. Under this system
businesses and transporters have to produce before a GST inspector e-way bill for moving
goods worth over Rs 50,000 from one state to another.
GI tag for Telangana’s Adilabad dokra, Warangal Dhurries
The iconic Adilabad Dokra, an ancient bell metal craft, and Warangal Dhurries, a popular
cotton rug, have been accorded with the Geographical Indication (GI) tag by the Geographical
Indications Registry of India. Native to the Woj community of Adilabad, the Dhokra craftsmen
have mastered in creating metal crafts which do not have a replica in shape or size as all of
the crafts are uniquely designed and made.
NDMA conducts its first-ever Mock Exercise on Bio-Disasters at Patna airport
A five-day Day training programme, aimed at enhancing the preparedness of Airport

Emergency Handlers (AEHs) to respond to Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear
defense (CBRN) emergencies at the airports, concluded at the Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport
in Patna. The training programme was conducted in collaboration with the Airports Authority
of India (AAI) and Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS).
India becomes World’s second largest mobile phone producer
India has replaced Vietnam to become the second-largest producer of mobile phones in the
world, only after China. The data was shared by the Indian Cellular Association (ICA) with
Union Telecom Minister Manoj Sinha and IT Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad. The top three
mobile producing countries are China, India and Vietnam.
Government launches Swachh Bharat Summer Internship
Aimed at engaging college students in the government’s cleanliness drive, the Ministry of
Drinking Water and Sanitation has introduced a Swachh Bharat Summer Internship (SBSI), for
them to conduct sanitation drives in villages during summer vacation.
Under the terms of the internship, candidates would be required to undertake 100 hours of
activities including creation of sanitation infrastructure, system building and behaviour
change campaigns in and around nearby villages.
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Mangaluru airport named India’s cleanest airport
The Mangaluru International Airport in Karnataka was named the cleanest airport in India at
Airports Authority of India’s 23rd annual day celebrations in New Delhi. This was as per a
survey conducted across 53 airports in the country. The award was received by Mangaluru
International Airport Director VV Rao.
. India ranks 37th in global startup ecosystem in 2017: Report
India ranked 37th in the global startup ecosystem in 2017, according to a report released by
global startup ecosystem map Startupblink. The list, measuring startup ecosystem strength
and activity, was topped by the United States followed by the United Kingdom. Interestingly,
India ranked below Latin American countries Mexico and Chile which stood at 30 and 33
respectively.
Delhi becomes 1st city to switch to cleaner petrol, diesel
Delhi has become the first Indian city to upgrade to “ultra-clean” Euro-VI grade petrol and
diesel from Euro-IV grade fuels. The newer fuel, which went on retail sale on Sunday, is
expected to combat air pollution by reducing sulphur emissions by around 80%. The price of
the new fuel would reportedly be 50 paise/litre more than the present rate.
MoS VK Singh arrives with mortal remains of 38 Indians
The mortal remains of 38 Indians, who were abducted and killed by Islamic State terrorists in
Mosul in Iraq have been brought to Amritsar. Mortal remains of one Indian will be sent later
as the process of identification is still underway.
Of the 39 people killed, 27 were from Punjab, four from Himachal, two from West Bengal and
the remaining from Bihar.
114th Permanent Indus Commission meeting held in Delhi
The 114th meeting of the Permanent Indus Commission (PIC) between India and Pakistan was
held in New Delhi. Representatives from both sides discussed Indus Water Treaty (IWT)
dispute and resolution of outstanding issues.
The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) was signed in 1960. It covers the water distribution and sharing
rights of six rivers of Indus river system viz, Beas, Ravi, Sutlej, Indus, Chenab and Jhelum.
National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) India Ranking 2018
Union human resources development (HRD) minister Prakash Javadekar has released the
National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) India Rankings 2018 which rates the best
educational institutions in the country under different categories. The institutes are ranked
under nine categories – overall, Universities, Engineering, Colleges, Management, Pharmacy,
Medical, Architecture, and Law.
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India Is World’s Second Largest Producer Of Crude Steel, Overtakes Japan
India has overtaken Japan to become the world’s second largest producer of crude steel in
February, according to the Steel Users Federation of India (Sufi). At present, China is the
largest producer of crude steel in the world, accounting for more than 50 per cent of the
production. India overtook the US in 2015 to become the third largest producer of crude steel.
According to the World Steel Association, India produced 8.4 mt of crude steel in February
2018, up 3.4 per cent over February 2017.
India third most vulnerable country to cyber threats
India emerged as the third most vulnerable country in terms of risk of cyber threats, such as
malware, spam and ransomware, in 2017, moving up one place over previous year, according
to a report by security solutions provider Symantec. In 2017, 5.09% of global threats detected
were in India, slightly less than 5.11% in 2016. The U.S. (26.61%) was most vulnerable to such
attacks, followed by China (10.95%), according to ‘Internet Security Threat Report’.
The global threat ranking is based on eight metrics — malware, spam, phishing, bots, network
attacks, web attacks, ransomware and cryptominers.
Government constitutes committee to regulate news portals
The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has instituted a committee to regulate online
portals, including news websites, entertainment sites and media aggregators. The 10-
member committee will include secretaries of the departments of Home, Legal Affairs,
Electronics and Information and Technology, and Industrial Policy and Promotion.
Varanasi gets more e-boats for pollution-free boating
A major feature of holy city Varanasi is the custom of sightseeing on boats. The latest addition
to the fleet that has been servicing customers for generations is e-boats being launched by
Union Minister Giriraj Singh.
These e-boats will ensure pollution free boating and a cleaner Ganga. It is also a govt initiative
to generate employment. E-boats are increasingly emerging as a profitable option for the
boating community. This initiative will not only curb pollution but provide more employment
opportunities in Varanasi.
Indian Air Force all set to hold war exercise Gagan Shakti
An all-encompassing coordinated and composite exercise named Gaganshakti is being

conducted by the Indian Air Force from 8th to 22nd of this month. The aim of this exercise is
real-time coordination, deployment and employment of Air Power in a short & intense battle
scenario. During Gaganshakti, Indian Air Force will exercise the entire machinery to validate
its concept of operations and war-waging capability.
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Government to launch Gobardhan Yojana nationally from Haryana
Gobardhan Yojna, a central government scheme for managing and converting cattle dung and
solid waste into manure and biogas, will be launched nationally from Haryana’s Karnal. Gobar
is an acronym for Galvanising Organic Bio Agro Resources. Through the scheme, the
government aims to ensure cleanliness in villages and generate energy by converting cattle
dung and solid agricultural waste into compost and biogas. The government aims to cover
nearly 700 districts under the scheme in this financial year.
Walmiki and Malhar: 2 unknown languages discovered
The University of Hyderabad said two languages “which were lying hidden from linguists”
have been discovered by a professor of linguistics in the institution. As a part of the activity
of the Centre for Endangered Languages and Mother Tongue Studies, Prof Panchanan
Mohanty discovered two languages recently.
One of them is called Walmiki and is spoken in the district of Koraput of Odishaand on the
bordering districts of Andhra Pradesh. The analysis showed that the language is an “isolate”,
and does not belonged to a particular family of languages.
The second language “Malhar” is spoken in a remote and isolated hamlet about 165 km away
from Bhubaneswar. The community consists of about 75 speakers including children.
PM Modi launches India’s 1st all-electric high-speed train
Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off India’s first all-electric high-speed locomotive in
Bihar. The first big Make-in-India project completed by France’s Alstom, the train has the
country’s most powerful engine with 12,000 horsepower and a maximum speed of 120 km
per hour. The average cost of one high-speed locomotive is around ₹25 crore.
Eighth Regional 3R Forum in Asia and Pacific held in Indore
The Eighth Regional 3R Forum in Asia and Pacific was held in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. It was
co-organized by Ministry of Housing and Affairs, Japan’s Environment Ministry, and United
Nations Centre for Regional Development (UNCRD).
The theme of this edition of forum was “Achieving Clean Water, Clean Land and Clean Air
through 3R and Resource Efficiency– A 21st Century Vision for Asia-Pacific Communities”. The
event saw participation of around 40 mayors of cities around the world and mayors of more
than 100 cities across India.
UIDAI launches digitally signed QR code with photo on e-Aadhaar
The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) has brought in secure digitally-signed QR
code on eAadhaar that will now contain photograph of the Aadhaar holder too, in addition to
demographic details, to facilitate better offline verification of an individual.
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A QR code is a form of barcode label which contains machine-readable information, while
eAadhaar is the electronic version of Aadhaar that can be downloaded from UIDAI website.
The new feature, the digitally-signed QR code, will contain photo of the Aadhaar holder in
addition to existing facility of demographic details, in turn allowing various user agencies like
banks to verify authenticity of Aadhaar card offline.
FSSAI launches Project Dhoop to address vitamin D deficiency amongst youngsters
The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has launched ‘Project Dhoop’, which
is an initiative aimed at shifting the school assembly time to noon to ensure maximum
absorption of Vitamin D in students through natural sunlight.
The project was launched at National Bal Bhavan in New Delhi and saw participation of around
600 students from NCERT, NDMC and North MCD Schools. Schools across the country have
been sent two advisories, which asks them to hold daily assembly between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m.
Project Dhoop’s Noon Assembly is an innovative and effective concept to ensure that school
students get adequate Vitamin D through sunlight, while also opting to choose food products
like milk and edible oils that are fortified with Vitamins A and D.
First International SME Convention 2018 to be held in New Delhi
One hundred and fifty participants from 31 countries and 400 entrepreneurs from India will
participate in the four day International SME convention being held in New Delhi from 22ndto
24th April. The Ministry of MSME has engaged with over 35 International Trade Development
organisations to attract and invite able and willing entrepreneurs and encourage people to
people contact with select Indian Entrepreneurs from key sectors of the International
counterparts.
Govt launches ‘Study in India’ to attract foreign students
The Union government has launched the ‘Study in India’ programme to attract foreign
students to India. The programme projects 160 premier universities and institutes, including
IITs and IIMs, as the ideal destination for higher education. The government plans to attract
2 lakh international students and has sanctioned a budget of ₹150 crore for two years for the
programme.
India to host Asia Cup in the UAE over Indo-Pak relations
India will host the Asia Cup 2018 in the United Arab Emirates after a unanimous decision was
taken by the Asian Cricket Council to move the tournament from India. Political relations
between India and Pakistan has been cited as the reason behind the change. The BCCI further
confirmed that the tournament would revert to the one-day format.
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India Signs MoU With World EXPO 2020 Dubai
India and World Expo 2020 signed participants contract for India’s pavilion in the prestigious
World Expo 2020 held once in 5 years. The contract provides for the setting up of India
pavilion at Expo 2020 on an extra large plot (about one acre) in the ‘Opportunity’ segment.
Index of Economic Freedom 2018: India ranks 130th
India jumped 13 places to achieve the 130th spot in this year’s Index of Economic Freedom
published by the Heritage Foundation, an American think-tank. India’s economic freedom
score was 54.5, making its economy the 130th freest in the 2018 Index. The firm noted that
India’s overall score increased by 1.9 points, led by improvements in judicial effectiveness,
business freedom, government integrity, and fiscal health.
The top three ranked countries are Hong Kong, Singapore, and New Zealand respectively.
PM Narendra Modi inaugurates 10th edition of Defence Expo
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurates the ‘Make in India’ pavilion addressing the 10th
edition of DEFEXPO at the historic sight of Mahabalipuram in Tamilnadu. It is the biggest show
of international land, naval and internal homeland security systems in Asia and brings about
40 nations and over 670 firms, including 154 foreign manufacturers across the globe to
showcase the strength of their military hardware and weaponry in India.
Boeing, HAL, Mahindra tie up to build F/A-18 Super Hornet fighter jet in India
Boeing India has signed MoU with Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL), and Mahindra Defence
Systems (MDS) at the Defence Expo 2018 to manufacture Super Hornet fighter aircraft in
India. The companies will manufacture F/A-18 Super Hornet for India’s armed forces. Under
the MoU, an entirely new and modern production facility will be built that can be utilised for
other programmes like India’s Advance Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) programme.
Government constitutes 13 member Task Force for fast-tracking implementation of UAV

technology
The Government has decided to constitute a Task Force under the chairmanship of Jayant
Sinha, Minister of State for Civil Aviation for fast-tracking the roll-out of Unmanned Aerial
Vehicle (UAV) technology. The Task Force will develop a roadmap with implementable
recommendations for Central as well as State Governments, Industry and Research
Institutions.
The Task Force will consist of representatives from the Government, PSUs, industry and
sectoral experts and submit report within 6 months of its constitution. The Headquarters of
the Task Force will be at Ministry of Civil Aviation, New Delhi.
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NHAI signs agreement for its First International Project
The National Highways Authority of India signed an agreement for upgradation of Yagyi –
Kalewa section of highway in Myanmar to two lanes with earthen shoulder. The project will
be funded by the Union Ministry of External Affairs and will be executed on EPC mode at a
cost of Rs 1177 crores. It will provide seamless vehicular movement for enhancing trade,
business, health, education and tourism between Indian, Myanmar and Thailand. The project
will be completed in three years.
PM launches national healthcare programme Ayushman Bharat
On the occasion of Ambedkar Jayanti, PM Narendra Modi launched the first phase of the
government’s ambitious Ayushman Bharat healthcare programme by inaugurating its first
wellness centre in Chhattisgarh’s Bijapur. The programme is aimed at creating a network of
1.5 lakh health and wellness centres at an estimated cost of ₹1200 crore.
India to host second edition of IMC in October 2018
The second edition of India Mobile Congress (IMC) is scheduled to be held from October 25-
27, 2018 in New Delhi. The decision was taken after the successful debut of the first edition
in 2017. The 2018 edition of IMC will witness participation from ASEAN and BIMSTEC
members as well.
Overall, more than 200,000 professionals from various sectors of the telecom industry
including 5G, start-up ecosystem, Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Artificial Intelligence (AI),
Smart Cities and allied industry sectors are expected to attend the event.
Union Government to constitute Task Force for fast-tracking Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Technology
The Union Government on April 12, 2018 announced to constitute a Task Force under the
Chairmanship of Jayant Sinha, Minister of State for Civil Aviation, for fast-tracking the roll-out
of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology.
The Task Force will build up a strategy to accelerate the development of Unmanned Aerial
Vehicle Technology with implementable recommendations for Central Government, State
Governments, industries and research institutions.
The Headquarters of the Task Force will be at Union Ministry of Civil Aviation, New Delhi.
India to get normal monsoon for 3rd straight year: Met Dept
The India Meteorological Department has forecasted that India will receive a normal
monsoon for the third consecutive year, with 97% rainfall of the long-period average. Skymet
Weather Services has predicted 100% rainfall of the long-period average. India defines normal
rainfall for the four-month monsoon season beginning June as between 96% and 104% of a
50-year average of 89 cm.
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Railways to build 500-km wall along Delhi-Mumbai route
The Indian Railways has decided to build a 500-km wall along the Delhi-Mumbai route in order
to restrict human and cattle interference, officials have said. According to an official, the
move, which has been approved by the Railway Board, is expected to help the Railways
achieve on-time performance and reduce the number of accidents.
TRAI unveils new website for comparing telcos’ tariffs
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) on Monday rolled out a new website that
lets users compare telecom tariffs offered by different service providers. The portal
‘www.tariff.trai.gov.in’ is in its beta phase. TRAI has currently made tariff data available only
for the Delhi circle, and has sought user feedback about the new site.
Bengaluru highest paying city in India, Pune second: Report
Bengaluru is the highest paying city in India with an average cost to company (CTC) of ₹10.8
lakh per annum, the Randstad Insights Report 2018 has revealed. Pune and Delhi-NCR are
second and third on the list with average CTC of ₹10.3 lakh and ₹9.9 lakh respectively.
Meanwhile, pharma and healthcare is the highest paying industry.
ASCI becomes member of Ayush committee
The Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) was on April 16, 2018 inducted to the Ayush
Ministry’s empowered committee with an objective to control misleading advertisements and
exaggerated claims of its drugs.
The seven-member committee of the Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani,
Siddha and Homoeopathy (AYUSH) will be empowered to review and monitor the
implementation of the provisions of The Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable
Advertisement) Act, 1954.
Suresh Prabhu launches digital platform for MSME Exporters
The Minister of Commerce & Industry Suresh Prabhu launched the ‘FIEO GlobalLinker’, a
digital platform for MSME exporters to digitise their businesses and join a global community
of growing businesses. FIEO GlobalLinker will make the business growth of SMEs simpler,
more profitable and enjoyable.
FIEO is available free of cost and it offers exporters a range of features and benefits
like:Exporters will be able to find clients, suppliers and advisors using the search and review
facilities of the platform.
India-Wiesbaden Conference 2018 held in New Delhi
India has hosted a global conference aimed at helping nations to implement a UN resolution
that seeks to check proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons to terrorists
and other non-state actors.
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The ministry, in cooperation with Germany and the United Nations Office for Disarmament
Affairs (UNODA), will host the India-Wiesbaden Conference 2018 from April 16-17, 2018, at
the Federation House here.
Mahindra Electric ties up with Meru for e-vehicle project
Mahindra Electric, part of the diversified USD 19 billion Mahindra Group and Meru,
technology-enabled cab services company, has announced a collaboration for a pilot Electric
Vehicle project. The pilot project will see Meru deploy a fleet of eVeritos, the all-electric sedan
by Mahindra and the model will be replicated in other cities soon.
AFSPA revoked in Meghalaya, parts of Arunachal
The Centre has revoked The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) from Meghalaya. In
Arunachal Pradesh, the impact of AFSPA was reduced to eight police stations instead of 16
police stations and in Tirap, Longding and Changlang districts bordering Assam.
The Home Ministry has also relaxed the Protected Area Permit (PAP) for foreigners visiting
Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland. The PAP will be valid for five years, but residents from
Pakistan, Afghanistan and China will not be allowed to visit these areas.
ED to confiscate Rs 15,000 cr assets under new ordinance
The Enforcement Directorate is moving to confiscate assets worth over Rs 15,000 crore
belonging to economic offenders who fled India. The new Fugitive Economic Offenders
Ordinance provides for confiscation of properties of fugitive economic offenders without
conviction. The ED has reportedly decided to approach a special court for Vijay Mallya, Nirav
Modi and Mehul Choksi to be declared ‘fugitives’.
Bharti Infratel, Indus Towers to merge creating $14.6bn firm
Bharti Airtel’s subsidiary Bharti Infratel has agreed to merge with Indus Towers, which has
Vodafone and Idea as shareholders, creating a $14.6-billion company. The merged entity will
be world’s second largest tower company with 1.63 lakh towers operating across India’s 22
telecom circles. The combined company, to be called Indus Towers, will be jointly controlled
by Airtel and Vodafone.
India ranks 138th in World Press Freedom Index 2018
India’s ranking in the Press Freedom Index has fallen two places to 138. This year, the index
has been topped by Norway again for the second year, followed by Sweden at second and the
Netherlands at third. As per Reporters Without Borders (RSF)’s survey, North Korea remained
the most repressive country followed by Eritrea, Turkmenistan, Syria and then China.
Bureau of Indian Standards grants first license for Liquid Chlorine on all India basis
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) granted First Licence to M/s Gujarat Alkalies and Chemicals
Ltd for Liquid Chlorine on All India basis. This is the First Licence granted on All India basis.
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The licence has been made operative with effect from 12th April, 2018 for a period of one
year. This product is in liquid form and stored in metal containers. It is usually used as a gas
obtained by evaporating the liquid from the metal container.
Government launches Seed import-export portal
Agriculture Minister Radha Mohan Singh has launched a portal to facilitate export-import of
seeds and planting material. A seed import-export portal has been developed for making the
trade process easy. With the launch of this portal, all organisations importing-exporting seeds
will not be required to submit their applications in 20 copies.
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Malaysia passes fake news bill, sets jail of up to 6 years
Prime Minister Najib Razak’s government secured a simple majority in parliament to pass the
Anti-Fake News 2018 bill, which sets out fines of up to 500,000 ringgit ($123,000) and a
maximum six years in jail. The first draft of the bill had proposed jail of up to 10 years. The
law defines fake news as “news, information, data and reports which is or are wholly or partly
false” and includes features, visuals and audio recordings.
Finland to end basic income scheme after 2-year trial
The government of Finland has decided not to extend a trial scheme under which a basic
income was provided to its citizens since January 2017. Under the programme, 2,000
unemployed people were paid a monthly amount of €560 as basic income. The government
said it will look towards introducing alternative welfare schemes, including a universal credit
system.
UAE to give ₹330cr to rebuild Mosul’s Grand al-Nuri Mosque
The UAE will give $50.4 million (over ₹330 crore) to help rebuild Mosul’s Grand al-Nuri
Mosque which was destroyed by Islamic State militants last year. The mosque, famous for its
leaning minaret, will be restored and reconstructed in partnership with UNESCO. ISIS leader
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi proclaimed the creation of a “caliphate” from the mosque in 2014.
Armenian Prime Minister resigns 7 days after being sworn-in
Armenian Prime Minister Serzh Sargsyan resigned from the post, just 7 seven days after he
was sworn-in. This follows protests against Sargsyan who decided to take on the post after
serving for over a decade as Armenia’s President.
US to end protected status of 9,000 Nepal earthquake victims
The US will end the protected immigration status granted to nearly 9,000 Nepal earthquake
victims. The status was granted by former President Barack Obama’s administration in 2015
after thousands of people were left homeless due to devastation caused by the earthquake.
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After reviewing current conditions in Nepal, the US said the country “can now adequately
manage return of its nationals”.
US to expand its military operation in Syria
US Defense Secretary James Mattis has said that the country will expand its military operation
in Syria amid the increase in Islamic State offensives in the region. The US will expand its anti-
ISIS operation with the help of regional states. Last month, President Donald Trump
announced that US troops would be leaving Syria “very soon” since ISIS had been defeated.
North and South Korea to end 65-year-long Korea war
North and South Korea has agreed to sign a peace treaty to end the 65-year-long Korean war.
“There will be no more war on the Korean Peninsula and a new era of peace has begun,” the
two countries said. The decisions follow a historic meeting between North Korean leader Kim
Jong-un and South Korean President Moon Jae-in.
Chinese space lab falls back to Earth, burns up over Pacific
China’s “out-of-control” space laboratory Tiangong-1 re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere,

‘mostly’ burning up as it headed towards the central region of the South Pacific. The 10.4-
metre-long 8.5-tonne station, also known as the Heavenly Palace, was placed in orbit in
September 2011 for docking and orbit experiments, but it ceased functioning in March 2016.
Swaziland king renames country ‘Kingdom of eSwatini’
Swaziland’s King Mswati III has changed the name of the country to the ‘Kingdom of eSwatini’.
The monarch made the announcement at the dual celebration to mark his 50th birthday and
the African nation’s 50 years of independence. The Kingdom of eSwatini, which was a British
protectorate for more than 60 years, is Africa’s last absolute monarchy.
Largest known child sacrifice site discovered in Peru
Archaeologists in northern Peru have discovered a burial site with skeletons of 140 children,
aged 5-14 at the time of death. The children along with 200 llamas, were ritually sacrificed
about 550 years ago after repeated flooding events, the National Geographic study found.
Until now, the largest known child sacrifice event was in Mexico City with 42 bodies, noted
researchers.
International Buddhist Conference commenced in Nepal
In Nepal an International Buddhist Conference to commemorate 2562nd Buddha Jayanti has

started in Lumbini, the birth place of Gautama Buddha. The basic objective of the conference
is to disseminate teachings of Buddha and spread the messages of nonviolence, brotherhood,
co-existence, love and peace to the international community. Representatives from 16
countries including United States of America, Japan, India, China, Indonesia and Sri Lanka are
attending the conference.
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Zimbabwe legalises cannabis for medicinal, scientific use
Zimbabwe has become the second African nation to legalise the production of cannabis for
medicinal or scientific purposes. Individual producers must be citizens of the country whose
activities will be subject to routine audits by the Health Ministry. Prior to its legalisation,
production or possession of cannabis in Zimbabwe was punishable by up to 12 years in prison.
China imposes tariff on 128 items of U.S. imports
China suspended tariff concessions on 128 items of U.S. products including pork and fruits.
The Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council has decided to impose a tariff of 15
percent on 120 items of products imported from the United States including fruits and related
products, and a tariff of 25 percent on eight items of imports including pork and related
products from the country.
It was a countermeasure in response to a previous U.S. move to slap tariffs on steel and
aluminium imports.
Accessible Tourism: Nepal launches its first accessible trekking trail
Nepal has launched its first “accessible” trekking trail in Pokhara city for the differently-abled
and the elderly.
The trail was inaugurated as a part of three-day international conference on Accessible

Tourism’ held for the first time in the Himalayan nation from March 29 to March 31 in
Pokhara.
’Accessible tourism’ is an emerging concept to ensure that tourist destinations, products and
services are accessible to all people, irrespective of their physical limitations, disabilities or
age.
BABUR III: Pakistan tests nuclear-capable, submarine-launched missile
Pakistan announced the second successful flight test of its Babur-3 nuclear-capable
submarine-launched cruise missile (SLCM). The missile was tested from a submerged platform
off Pakistan’s coast in the Arabian Sea and flew to strike a target at an undisclosed location.
The SLCM has a range of 450 kilomters, according to ISPR. It was first tested in January 2017.
The Babur-3 is capable of “delivering various types of payloads” and uses “underwater
controlled propulsion.”
Egypt approves law to create anti-terror supreme council
The Egyptian parliament has preliminarily approved a new law to establish a supreme council
for combating terrorism, the media reported. Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi
originally ordered the creation of the Supreme Council for Combating Terrorism and
Extremism after meeting with the National Defence Council following terrorist attacks last
year. The law aims to mobilize all the country’s forces not only to rid the country of terrorist
elements, but also to contain extremist and radical ideologies
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New Zealand passes law to erase gay convictions
New Zealand’s Parliament has passed legislation allowing people previously convicted of
homosexual offences to have their criminal records erased. Homosexuality was
decriminalised in the country in 1986 but people convicted before then have the offence
listed on their official records. Around 1,000 people will be eligible to have their records
cleared when the scheme will kick in next year.
World’s first hotel in space to open in 2021
US company Orion Span will open the world’s first luxury hotel in space in 2021. Named
‘Aurora Station’, the hotel will cost $9.5 million (over ₹61 crore) for a 12-day stay, inclusive of
launching shuttle price. Facilities include growing food, and high-speed internet access, with
guests required to complete a mandatory three-month training prior to their stay.
US approves $1.3-billion artillery sale to Saudi Arabia
The US has approved a $1.3-billion artillery sale to Saudi Arabia, including 180 Paladin
howitzer systems and artillery-firing vehicles. Earlier, US President Donald Trump’s
administration approved an arms sale of $1 billion to the kingdom. The deals come as Saudi
Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman made his first official visit to the US.
Former South Korean President sentenced to 24 yrs in prison
Former South Korean President Park Geun-hye was sentenced to 24 years in prison and
slapped with a $17 million fine after being convicted of corruption. Park was involved in a
bribery scandal that has seen the chiefs of giants like Samsung and Lotte being jailed.
Qatar introduces national service for women for first time
Qatar will introduce national service for women for the first time under a law issued by the
country’s Emir Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani. Women aged over 18 will be able to volunteer for
national service under the law. Every Qatari male aged 18-35 is required to perform a
compulsory military service, now extended to a year instead of three months.
6 countries suspend membership in UNASUR regional bloc
A South American bloc created a decade ago to counter US influence in the region has
temporarily lost half its members after six countries suspended their memberships amid
differences over who should lead the group. Bolivian Foreign Minister Fernando Huanacuni
said that Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay and Peru had decided to temporarily
leave the Union of South American Nations, or UNASUR, given differences over choosing the
secretary general of the group.
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Japan activates 1st marine unit since WW2 to boost defence
Japan has activated its first marine unit since World War II to counter invaders occupying the
country’s islands along the East China Sea. This comes after China, which also claims the group
of islands, announced $175 billion for defence in its budget for 2018.
UK opens 1st permanent military base in Middle East in 50yrs
The UK has opened a naval base in Bahrain, its first permanent military base in the Middle
East in nearly 50 years. The base will host around 300 British troops and support personnel.
As part of the US-led coalition fighting the Islamic State in Syria, the base is aimed at helping
the UK tackle security threats in the Gulf region.
US imposes fresh sanctions on Russian entities
The US has imposed new sanctions on Russian oligarchs, including President Vladimir Putin’s
son-in-law, and several entities accused of supporting and profiting from the Russian
government’s efforts to undermine western democracies. The measures announced by the
Treasury Department were also aimed at 17 senior Russian government officials.
Soft Drinks Sugar tax in UK to combat obesity and sugar related diseases
The tax has been put in place to help curb obesity levels, as one in three children leaves
primary school overweight. Brits will be paying higher prices for some soft drinks after the
country’s sugar tax on the sweet beverages came into effect. Announced in March 2016, the
tax has already seen more than 50 percent of manufacturers modify their products to ensure
they are below the levy’s sugar limit.
Desert Tiger 5: UAE and Malaysia conclude joint military exercise
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Malaysia concluded “Desert Tiger 5” joint military
exercise aimed at sharing expertise and enhancing joint military actions. The military exercise
was implemented within the framework of the UAE leadership’s continued desire “to support
and create unique partnerships between both countries in all areas.”
The drill was also aimed at raising the level of performance and combat efficiency, and
working together based on a strategy to improve the overall ability and combat readiness of
the ground forces.
China bans exports to N Korea that could be used in weapons
China has imposed restrictions on exports to North Korea by banning some items that can be
used in both civilian products and weapons of mass destruction. The ban covers items
including particle accelerators and centrifuges. Earlier, China banned steel and other metal
exports and capped the export of crude oil to North Korea.
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Nepal President inaugurates International Conference on Human Rights in South Asia
President of Nepal Bidya Devi Bhandari has inaugurated the International Conference on
Human Rights in South Asia in Kathmandu. The conference is organized by the National
Human Rights Commission of Nepal. The representatives of Human Rights Commissions and
institutions, human rights activists from 20 countries including India are participating in 3 day
event.
The theme of conference is “Identifying Challenges, Assessing Progress, Moving Forward:

Addressing Impunity and Realizing Human Rights in South Asia”.
Hungarian prime minister Viktor Orban wins new term
Hungary’s right-wing Prime Minister Viktor Orban claimed a landslide victory in the nation’s
general election. Orban will serve a third consecutive term in office, with his party Fidesz
projected to keep its key two-thirds majority in parliament. Hungary’s National Election Office
stated that Fidesz party has won almost half of the vote, with 93 percent of ballots counted.
Malaria Summit held in London
India was conspicuous by its absence from the Malaria Summit in London alongside the 25th
Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) despite having the third largest
malaria cases in the world after Congo and Nigeria. There was no India representative to
participate in the summit because there is no India commitment.
Japanese man aged 112 named world’s oldest living man
Masazo Nonaka from Japan was recognised as the world’s oldest man at the ripe old age of
112. Nonaka, who was born on July 25, 1905 received a certificate from Guinness World
Records at home on Japan’s northern island of Hokkaido. Nonaka has officially taken the title
after Francisco Nunez Olivera from Spain died in February aged 113. There are around 68,000
people aged 100 or older in Japan.
International conference on ‘Water, Environment & Climate Change begins in Kathmandu
The first international conference on ‘Water, Environment and Climate Change: Knowledge
Sharing and Partnership’ has started in Kathmandu. Vice President of Nepal Nanda Bahadur
Pun inaugurated the conference. The 3 day conference is organised by the Department of
Water Supply and Sewerage, Govt of Nepal in association with the Society of Public Health
Engineers Nepal and Nepal Engineers Association.
Atlanta airport named world’s busiest, Delhi airport 16th
US’ Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport was ranked the world’s busiest airport,
with nearly 104 million flyers in 2017, by Airports Council International. The Beijing Capital
International Airport and Dubai International Airport were placed second and third
respectively. The Delhi airport jumped from 22nd rank in 2016 to 16th rank, as passenger
traffic grew by 14.1% to 63.45 million.
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Singapore, China ink MoU for collaboration on Belt and Road Initiative
Singapore and China inked a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to promote greater

collaboration between companies from both countries in third-party markets along the Belt
and Road routes.
The MOU, witnessed by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, will
see the formation of a working group between the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI),
China’s National Development and Reform Commission, and Enterprise Singapore.
The group will identify sectors and markets of mutual interest, organise business-matching
activities and forums to facilitate third-party market cooperation between Singapore and
Chinese companies under the Belt and Road Initiative.
11th World Hindi Conference to be held in Mauritius
The 11th World Hindi Conference or Vishwa Hindi Sammellan will be held at Mauritius’ Port
Louis. The dates of the conference are 18-20 August and will be held at Swami Vivekananda
International Conference Center. The event, held once in three years, is dedicated to Hindi
language. It sees participation from Hindi scholars, writers and laureates from different parts
of the world who contribute to the language. The previous conference was held in Bhopal in
2015.
Iraq launches air strikes against ISIS in Syria
Iraqi forces has launched air strikes against the Islamic State in Syria, targeting the militant
group’s strongholds near the city of Hajin. The strikes were carried out in coordination with
the government of Syria. Both countries have been fighting the militant group since it
declared its goal to establish a caliphate on both the territories in 2014.
Bangladesh ends reservation in govt jobs after protests
Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has announced that she will be scrapping
reservation in government jobs. This comes after tens of thousands of students and job-
seekers came out in protest against the 56% reservation for special groups. However, she said
the government will make special arrangements for jobs for minorities and people with
disabilities.
China holds largest naval parade in its history
China has conducted its largest naval parade in history, with more than 10,000 personnel
along with 48 vessels and 76 aircraft taking part in the country’s apparent show of force. It
was the first naval parade held in the South China Sea. Despite rival claims by other southeast
Asian states, China claims 90% of the South China Sea.
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NHAI signs agreement for its first International project under IMT Trilateral Highway
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has signed an agreement for up gradation of
Yagyi Kalewa section of highway in Myanmar to two lanes with the earthen shoulder. This
project is part of India-Myanmar-Thailand (IMT) Trilateral Highway and will be NHAI’s first
international project.
UN rejects Russian attempt to condemn US aggression in Syria
The UN Security Council has rejected a Russian resolution to condemn “aggression” by the
US, the UK and France against Syria. Russia had also demanded an immediate halt to any
further use of force by the three Western allies. The three countries carried out missile strikes
on Syria over a suspected chemical attack that killed at least 70 people.
UN launches road safety trust fund
Citing tragic road accidents in India and Canada, UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina
Mohammed termed traffic deaths an urgent global concern as the world body launched a
trust fund aimed at spurring action to help save lives in road accidents.
During the General Assembly debate on road safety, Mohammed said traffic accidents are the
number one cause of death of young people and are responsible for keeping millions of
people in poverty each year. “Road traffic deaths and injuries have become a serious and
urgent global concern.
NASA set to launch Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite to search exoplanets
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is set to launch its Transiting
Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to detect planets outside the solar system.
The satellite will be launched on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force
Station, Florida on April 16, 2018. TESS will settle into a 13.7-day orbit around Earth with the
help of a gravitational assist from the Moon.
Pakistan gets its first school for transgender community
Pakistan’s first school for the transgender community was inaugurated in Lahore. Built by an
NGO named Exploring Future Foundation, ‘The Gender Guardian’ will also impart courses on
computer and mobile repairing, culinary skills and graphic designing, among others. There is
no age limit to get enrolled in the school.
China launches website to report corruption
China has launched a website for citizens to report names of people who attempt to bribe
government or military officials as part of its crackdown on corruption. The website also urges
people to report threats to national security, including names of those attempting to instigate
riots or trading state secrets. The informants would be rewarded by the government.
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Commonwealth summit opens in London
British Prime Minister Theresa May opened the Commonwealth Business Forum (CBF) in
London, marking the start of the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM)
with a message of using the organisation to challenge the forces of protectionism and
promote greater trade.
India is among 52 other member-countries participating in the summit hosted by the UK in

London around the theme of “Towards a Common Future”.
Pakistan successfully test fires enhanced version of Babur cruise missile
The successful test of an enhanced version of the indigenously developed Babur Cruise Missile
was conducted by the Armed forces of Pakistan. The cruise missile incorporates advanced
aerodynamics and avionics that can strike targets with high accuracy at a range of 700
kilometres.
Babur is equipped with state of the art navigational technologies of Terrain Contour Matching
and all time Digital Scene Matching and Area Co-relation.
Myanmar to free over 8,500 prisoners in new year amnesty
Myanmar’s newly-elected President Win Myint has granted amnesty to over 8,500 prisoners
in a move to bring about humanitarian support amid the country’s political reforms after
decades of military rule. The prisoners will be freed as part of celebrations of the traditional
Myanmar new year. Those to be released include the aged, people in ill health and drug
offenders.
World Immunisation Week 2018: Nations must ensure vaccines reach 90% population:
WHO
As the World Immunisation Week begins on April 24, the World Health Organisation (WHO)
said all member countries must ensure covering 90 per cent of the population each time and
listed ways to achieve the target. Over the past 14 months, 113 million children received the
measles and rubella vaccine as part of mass campaigns in Bangladesh, India and Indonesia.
These vaccines will have life-changing impact for each one of those children.
US imposes travel restrictions on Pakistani diplomats
The US has imposed travel restrictions on Pakistani diplomats, who will now need prior
permission from US authorities to travel beyond 40 kilometres of the city they are posted in,
Under Secretary for Political Affairs Thomas Shannon said. This came in response to similar
restrictions imposed on US diplomats in Pakistan. The new restrictions will take effect from
May 1.
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Village in Pakistan’s Rawalpindi named after Malala
A village in Pakistan’s Rawalpindi has been named after Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala
Yousafzai. The youngest ever Nobel Prize laureate, who recently visited Pakistan, had said
during her visit that she plans to permanently return to the country after completing her
studies. Malala shifted to London after she was shot by Taliban militants in 2012.
Cuba gets its first non-Castro President in 60 years
Cuba’s National Assembly has appointed First Vice President Miguel Mario Díaz-Canel
Bermúdez as the country’s President, replacing Raúl Castro who retired recently. The 57-year-
old is the first leader outside the Castro dynasty to lead the country since the 1959 revolution.
Raúl became Cuba’s President in 2008 after taking over from his brother Fidel Castro.
Abdo Benitez wins Paraguay Presidential Elections 2018
Mario Abdo Benitez, who represents Paraguay’s long-dominant Colorado conservatives, won
the 2018 Presidential Elections on April 22, 2018. Abdo Benitez won 46.49 percent of the vote,
against his centrist opponent Efrain Alegre who fetched 42.72 percent votes in a race that
was far closer than expected. The results were announced by Paraguay’s Election Chief Jaime
Bestard.
Canada, European Union to host world’s first female foreign ministers meeting in
September 2018
Canada and the European Union will together host the world’s first female foreign ministers’
meeting on September 21, 2018 in Canada. The meeting will be held for 2 days. The
announcement was made by the Canadian Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland on April 22,
2018 in Toronto. The female foreign ministers from about 30 countries will be invited to the
gathering, which is aimed at deepening global discussion on women’s empowerment.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

ISRO loses contact with satellite 2 days after launch
Two days after India’s latest communication satellite with military applications GSAT-6A was
launched, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) said it had lost contact with it and
was making efforts to establish the link.
The space agency lost communication with the satellite when it attempted to ignite the
engine in a third and final move to its desired location after its March 29 textbook launch from
the spaceport of Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh.
Scientists discover promising off-switch for inflammation
Scientists have discovered a new metabolic process in the body that can switch off
inflammation. They found that ‘itaconate’ – a molecule derived from glucose – acts as a
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powerful off-switch for macrophages, which are the cells in the immune system that lie at the
heart of many inflammatory diseases.
The discovery, published in the journal Nature, is very much on the frontier of inflammation
research and the researchers are now exploring its relevance to the onset and development
of inflammatory and infectious diseases.
Microsoft launches its first product based on Linux
Microsoft is launching a product based on former rival technology Linux kernel for the first
time, announcing a new operating system Azure Sphere. The product will help improve the
security of internet-connected devices. Notably, former Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer had
called Linux a “cancer” in 2001 but said he “loved” a Microsoft release in 2016 which was
compatible with Linux.
SpaceX launches NASA’s planet-finding satellite on Falcon 9
Elon Musk-led SpaceX on Wednesday launched NASA’s space telescope TESS (Transiting
Exoplanet Survey Satellite) to search for other planets orbiting distant stars, aboard Falcon 9
rocket. SpaceX also landed the rocket’s first stage on the ‘Of Course I Still Love You’ droneship.
The Satellite is expected to catalog hundreds of planets that are less than twice the size of
Earth.
Amazon launches web browser in India which uses less data
Amazon has launched an Android web browser app called Internet which is designed to use
minimal storage and data. The app supports private tabs that don’t save browser history and
shows cricket news and general headlines on its homepage. It’s only available to users in India
for now and is supported on devices running Android 5.0 or higher.
Mobile application on diabetes case launched
In order to enable people to access essential diabetes care, a mobile application was launched
today by the George Institute for Global Health, India under its the “IMPACT Diabetes”
programme.
The programme will train female community health workers, popularly known as ASHAs
(Accredited Social Health Activists), in the use of mobile application in Haryana’s Rohtak
district.
Government launches DARPAN-PLI App
With a view to achieve total digitisation of postal operations in the country, under the IT
Modernisation Plan, Department of Posts has launched Digital Advancement Of Rural Post
Office For A New India (DARPAN) Project, which aims to connect all 1.29 lakh Rural Branch
Post Offices in the country, to enable them to do online Postal and Financial Transactions.
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Google to provide ‘confidential mode’ soon on its mailing service
Tech giant Google is set to launch a new security layer for its mailing service Gmail that will
help users to purge a mail or text after a period of time. The ‘confidential mode’ will enable
users to set a passcode to open emails, which will be generated through text message. In
addition, one can set expiration date for sent emails. The new Gmail mode will available after
its revamp.
Gates launches $12 million challenge to create flu vaccine
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has launched a $12 million Grand Challenge to
encourage people to create a vaccine that could protect against all strains of flu. “We seek to
fund ideas that are bold and innovative,” the funding website read. The Challenge has been
launched in collaboration with the family of Google Co-founder Larry Page.
NASA completes test launch of Mars landing parachute
A supersonic parachute that will help NASA missions to land on Mars, was successfully
launched into the sky during a key test designed to mimic the conditions of entering the red
planet.
The Advanced Supersonic Parachute Inflation Research Experiment (ASPIRE) was launched
aboard a sounding rocket on March 31 from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility in the US. The
successful launch came after several days of delays due to rough seas at the parachute’s
recovery zone in the Atlantic Ocean.
Fimbristylis agasthyamalaensis: New plant species discovered in Western Ghats
Researchers have reported the discovery of a new plant species from the Western Ghats
biodiversity hotspot. Classified as a sedge, the grass-like plant has been named Fimbristylis
agasthyamalaensis, after the locality from which it was found. The new species belongs to the
Cyperaceae family. In India, the genus is represented by 122 species, of which 87 are reported
from the Western Ghats. Many of the known Cyperaceae species are medicinal plants or used
as fodder.
Google India to launch mentorship program for tech startups
Google is launching a three-month mentoring program in India for startups focussing on

artificial intelligence and machine learning. With the program, the company aims “to build a
bridge between startups and the industry ecosystem”. The mentorship initiative named ‘Solve
For India’ was initially launched in the pilot mode last year in India along with Google
Developers’ Launchpad Accelerator team.
IIT-Kharagpur develops self-sustainable bio-toilet
Scientists at the civil engineering department of IIT-Kharagpur have developed an award-

winning bio-toilet that recycles waste water for its reuse and generates electricity. The project
has received honours from Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the ‘Swachh Bharat Award’
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event for its one-of-its-kind technology. The scientists have already built a test case, funded
by the Department of Science & Technology (DST) of the Union government.
New bacteria-killing artificial enzyme developed
Researchers have developed an artificial enzyme that could be used to fight infection and
keep high-risk public spaces like hospitals free of bacteria, like the dysentery-causing E coli.
Made from tiny nanorods 1,000 times smaller than the thickness of the human hair, the
“NanoZymes” use visible light to create highly reactive oxygen species that rapidly break
down and kill bacteria.
TRAI proposes Wi-Fi grid to bring down cost of internet by 90%
Telecom regulator Trai has mooted a concept of open architecture-based public Wi-Fi grid to
bring down the cost of the internet by 90%. The recommendations by Trai are backed by the
findings of the pilot project conducted by the regulator. The pilot and trials by Trai were aimed
at demonstrating the proof of concept of such an architecture.
Vegetables harvested in Antarctica without daylight and soil
Scientists have harvested 3.6 kilograms of lab-grown salad greens, 18 cucumbers, and 70
radishes in Antarctica, without dirt, daylight, or pesticides, in two months, as per the team.
They employed a water and nutrient system while optimising LED lighting and monitoring
carbon dioxide in the room. They hope to harvest 4-5 kilograms of fruits and vegetables a
week by May.
Government bans imports of hormone oxytocin
The Union government has banned imports of the hormone oxytocin to stop its misuse in the
livestock industry, where activists say it causes hormonal imbalances and shortens the lives
of milch animals. Often called the ‘love hormone’, oxytocin is released naturally in human
bonding activities such as sex, childbirth and breastfeeding.
The government also asked customs officials to step up vigilance against those likely to try
and smuggle oxytocin into India. The government has decided to rely on domestic production
to satisfy requirements of the hormone.
Humanity’s first mission to Sun set to launch on July 31
NASA is set to launch the Parker Solar Probe, also being called as the humanity’s first mission
to the Sun, on July 31. The spacecraft will orbit directly through the solar atmosphere, closer
than any human-made object has ever gone. The spacecraft, which will orbit at 64,37,376 km
from the Sun, will have a speed of approximately 6,92,017 kmph.
China to make it rain over area 3 times the size of Spain
China has unveiled a cloud-seeding project intended to force rainfall and snow over an area
roughly three times the size of Spain. As part of the plan, China will build combustion
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chambers to spray silver iodide towards the sky by burning solid fuel. China has been creating
55 billion tons of artificial rain every year since 2013.
Odilorhabdins: New class of antibiotics to fight drug resistance discovered
A new class of antibiotics has been discovered which may help combat drug-resistant or hard-
to-treat bacterial infections. According to the World Health Organisation, antibiotic resistance
is one of the biggest threats to global health today.
The antibiotic called odilorhabdins, or ODLs, are produced by symbiotic bacteria found in soil-
dwelling nematode worms that colonise insects for food. The bacteria helps in killing the
insect and, importantly, secretes the antibiotic to keep competing bacteria away.
China launches remote sensing satellites
The first group of China’s Yaogan-31 remote sensing satellites was launched into space from
the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre. The satellites were carried by a Long March-4C rocket,
the 271st mission for the Long March rocket family.
The mission also sent a micro nanotechnology experiment satellite into orbit. The satellites
will be used for electromagnetic environment surveys and other related technology tests.
China launched the first “Yaogan” series satellite, Yaogan-1, in 2006.
Historic Saudi city to be opened to tourists for first time
Saudi Arabia’s Al-Ula, a historical region rich in archaeological remnants, will open to tourists
as the kingdom prepares to issue tourist visas for the first time. The area, roughly the size of
Belgium, is filled with archaeological treasures created by ancient civilizations. Saudi Arabia
has signed a deal with France to develop the Al-Ula region into a cultural tourism destination.
China files trade complaint against US at WTO
China has filed a trade complaint against the US with the World Trade Organisation over tariffs
imposed on imports of steel and aluminium products. China claimed the 25% duty on steel
imports and 10% duty on imports of aluminium products violate WTO’s fundamental
principles. It stated that the US failed to administer its regulations in a uniform and impartial
manner.
ISRO successfully launches replacement navigation satellite
The Indian Space Research Organisation has successfully launched the IRNSS-1I navigation
satellite, which will replace the IRNSS-1A which was rendered ineffective after its atomic
clocks failed. The satellite was launched with PSLV-C41 rocket from Sriharikota spaceport in
Andhra Pradesh. This was ISRO’s second attempt to send a replacement satellite as the one
in August 2017 had failed.
Railways to launch ‘MADAD’ app for lodging complaints
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The Indian Railways is planning to launch a dedicated mobile application this month for
lodging grievances called ‘MADAD’ (Mobile Application for Desired Assistance During travel).
The complaint registered through the app will reach relevant officials of the concerned
divisions directly. Passengers can also track the status of the complaints and will be notified
of any action taken in the case.
SpaceX to launch NASA’s space telescope for planet search
Elon Musk-led SpaceX is set to launch NASA’s space telescope called TESS (Transiting
Exoplanet Survey Satellite) to search for other planets orbiting distant stars. NASA’s TESS will
monitor 200,000 of the nearest stars using the same method that enabled Kepler’s spacecraft
to spot 2,600 confirmed exoplanets. It is scheduled to launch on April 16 aboard a SpaceX
Falcon 9 rocket.
HyperloopTT begins building its 1st test track in France
High-speed transportation system developer Hyperloop Transportation Technologies

(HyerloopTT) has started the construction of what it claims is the world’s first full-scale
passenger and freight system in France. The company said that the first set of tubes designed
to move both people and freight has arrived. The first phase includes a closed 320-metre
system that will be operational this year.
Scientists uncover enzyme used by plastic-eating bug
After the accidental discovery in 2016 of a bacterium which consumed plastic, researchers
have now revealed the detailed structure of the enzyme produced by the organism.
Researchers are hoping to speed up the enzyme’s process further by a few days, so the plastic
could be recycled faster. It would help reduce digging of oil, used for making plastic, said
researchers.
USFDA approves world’s first contact lens that automatically darkens when exposed to light
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved use of ‘Acuvue Oasys Contact Lenses’
with Transitions Light Intelligent Technology, world’s first contact lens that automatically
darkens when exposed to bright light. It is first of its kind contact lens that incorporates same
technology that is used in eyeglasses that automatically darken in the sun.
These contact lens are indicated for daily use to correct vision of people with non-diseased
eyes who are nearsighted (myopic) or farsighted (hyperopic).
US adds India to the currency practices and macroeconomic policies monitoring list
The US Department of Treasury has added India in the monitoring list of its major trading
partners that value close attention to their currency practices and macroeconomic policies.
The list was part of semi-annual report on Macroeconomic and Foreign Exchange Policies of
Major Trading Partners of the United States.
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India is the sixth addition to the watch list which comprises China, Japan, South Korea,
Germany and Switzerland. As per the media report, India has a USD 23 billion trade surplus
with the United States.
Scientists identify four bacterial strains to remove sulphur from fossil fuels
Using novel bacterial strains, scientists have successfully removed sulphur from fossil fuels
such as petroleum and coal. Sulphur is one of the major pollutants emitted during the
combustion of fossil fuels. Scientists from CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology
(CSIR-IMMT) in Bhubaneswar used four bacterial strains that use dibenzothiophene (an
organic sulphur compound which is a major contaminant of fossil fuel) as an energy source
thereby getting rid of the sulphur.
Sunderban Reserve Forest to get Ramsar site status
The Sunderban Reserve Forest, spread of 4,260 sq. km. with over 2,000 sq. km. of mangrove
forests and creeks, is likely to be declared a Ramsar Site soon.The West Bengal government
gave its approval to the State Forest Department to apply for recognition under the Ramsar
Convention. The Indian Sunderbans, with 2,114 sq. km. of mangrove forests, comprise almost
43% of the mangrove cover in the country.
Researchers develop potent molecule to treat chikungunya
A team of researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee has achieved a
measure of success by finding a small molecule that has good antiviral activity against
chikungunya virus. The antiviral activity was so high that the small molecule was able to
achieve almost 99% reduction in the virus when 5 microMolar was used. Currently, there are
no drugs to treat chikungunya or any vaccine to prevent it.
FOREIGN RELATIONS
India to host trilateral meet with US, Japan
India will host a trilateral meet with the US and Japan in Delhi later this month, the US State
Department has confirmed. This comes after reports suggested that the three countries along
with Australia are attempting to establish joint regional infrastructure to counter China’s Belt
and Road Initiative. The trilateral talks began in 2011.
Special 301 Report released: USTR again places India on Priority Watch List
The Office of United States (US) Trade Representative (USTR) placed India on ‘Priority Watch
List’ in its annual Special 301 Report on the state of intellectual property protection.
In 2018 Special 301 Report, the USTR has placed 12 countries on its Priority Watch List. Other
countries on list are Algeria, Argentina, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Indonesia, Kuwait,
Russia, Ukraine, and Venezuela. Special 301 Report identifies US trading partners that do not
adequately or effectively protect and enforce IP rights or deny market access to its innovators.
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PM Modi, Nepal PM to lay foundation of 900MW power project
PM Narendra Modi and Nepalese PM KP Oli will jointly lay foundation stone of the 900 MW
Arun III hydropower project to be built in Nepal’s eastern part. India will provide around
₹9,700 crore for the power project expected to be completed within five years. This is the
largest hydropower project undertaken by Indian government in Nepal.
India, Nepal to boost agricultural cooperation
India and Nepal have agreed to give momentum to bilateral cooperation in agricultural sector
for the benefit of farmers of both the nations. The Nepalese Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli is
in India on a three-day visit. The focus will also be strengthening supply and value chain,
climate resilience, research in seed technology, soil health; strengthening infrastructure of
plant protection laboratories and research in indigenous genetic resources.
Sahyog-Hyeoblyeog 2018: India, South Korea joint anti-piracy, search and rescue exercise
The Indo-Korean joint anti-piracy exercise ‘SAHYOG- HYEOBLYEOG 2018’ was conducted on
April 5, 2018 off the Chennai coast. The exercise was reviewed by the Director General of
Indian Coast Guard Rajendra Singh and Commissioner of Korean Coast Guard General Park
Kyung.
This joint exercise is a part of a proposed establishment of a MoU between the Coast Guards
of India and Korea to improve maritime security in the Indian Ocean Region.
India-China Informal Summit held in Wuhan
Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrived in New Delhi after a two-day informal summit meeting
with Chinese President Xi Jinping in Wuhan. The Prime Minister was received at the airport
by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj. Both the leaders expressed their support for the
work of the Special Representatives on the India-China Boundary Question and urged them
to intensify their efforts to seek a fair, reasonable and mutually acceptable settlement.
India, Korea to ink pact for seafarers, boost bilateral ties
India and South Korea are set to boost bilateral ties in ports and shipping space and will sign
pact to provide Indian seafarers employment on over 500 Korean ships. Shipping, Road
Transport & Highways, Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation Minister
Gadkari, who will be on a four-day visit to Korea, said both the nations are also eyeing
partnerships in shipbuilding, waterways and smart transportation, among others.
India, Nepal to develop inland waterways for cargo movement
India and Nepal recognised the untapped potential of inland waterways, in order to
contribute towards the overall economic development of the region. The new initiative would
enable cost-effective and efficient movement of cargo. Prime Minister Oli noted the
enormous impact the additional connectivity would have on the growth of business and
economy of Nepal.
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India to build strategic railway link between Kathmandu and Raxaul in Bihar
India will build a strategic railway link between Raxaul in Bihar and Kathmandu in Nepal to
facilitate people-to-people contact and bulk movement of goods. The two prime ministers
agreed to construct the new electrified rail line, which will be financed by India, connecting
the border city in India to Nepal.
The two leaders noted that the stretch of railway lines from Jayanagar to Janakpur/Kurtha
and from Jogbani to Biratnagar Custom Yard will be completed in 2018.
India hosts 16th International Energy Forum (IEF) Ministerial Meeting
India will host the 16th International Energy Forum Ministerial (IEF—16) in New Delhi. IEF16
is the largest gathering of Energy Ministers from across the globe, industry leaders and heads
of key international organizations who will debate the future of global energy. Hosted by India
and co-hosted by China and Korea, IEF16 aims to focus on how global shifts, transition policies
and new technologies influence market stability and future investment in the energy sector.
India, Morocco sign MoU to promote mineral exploration
India has inked a pact with Morocco under which focus would be laid on evaluation of
potential mineral resources and promoting exploration and mining through participation of
both public and private sector. The focus of the MoU is on the development of the geological
infrastructure for Geoscience Maps and geochemical maps, strengthening geological research
and evaluation of the potential of mineral resources, promoting exploration and mining
through participation of both public & private sector etc.
President Ramnath Kovind lays foundation stone of Lusaka traffic Decongestion Project
President Ram Nath Kovind and his Zambian counterpart Edgar Chagwa Lungu on April 12,
2018 laid the foundation stone of Lusaka traffic Decongestion Project in Zambia. The cost of
this 93 km road is USD 289 million, of which, India will be contributing USD 250 million.
This project is aimed at redesigning the major road network for Lusaka city with a view to
reducing traffic jam, travel distance and saving fuel. The project will be completed in three
years.
UK Joins International Solar Alliance To Mark Narendra Modi Visit
The United Kingdom has joined the India-led International Solar Alliance (ISA) ahead of Prime
Minister Narendra Modi’s four-day visit to Britain. At an event held at the London Stock
Exchange as part of the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 2018 (CHOGM),
Britain formally announced its membership of the alliance, which aims to raise $1 trillion of
private and public finance to provide affordable and sustainable energy for all by 2030. The
UK’s partnership will involve providing expertise and advice to the alliance, but no monetary
contributions.
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Bus to ply between Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal launched
A trial service of transnational buses plying between Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal was
launched on Tuesday. The buses launched under the Bangladesh-Bhutan-India-Nepal Motor
Vehicles Agreement signed in June 2015, started the journey from Dhaka with 49 delegates,
including 12 Indian officials. However, Bhutan is yet to give its formal consent to the
agreement.
India, Mongolia to enhance bilateral trade, investments
India and Mongolia has discussed economic cooperation in areas such as infrastructure
development, energy, services and IT and agreed to explore possibility of launching direct air
connectivity between New Delhi and the Mongolian capital Ulaanbaatar. Swaraj, the first
Indian foreign minister to visit the resource-rich country in 42 years, said India sees Mongolia
as a factor of stability in East Asia and believes that Mongolia’s social and economic
development is important for peace and prosperity in the region.
STATE RELATED CURRENT AFFAIRS

West Bengal Launches Rupashree scheme for marriage of poor girls
The state government of West Bengal has introduced a new scheme called ‘Rupashree’ in
order to provide marriage assistance to girls coming from economically weaker families with
a budgetary allocation of Rs 1500 crore. The scheme proposes to extend one-time financial
assistance worth Rs 25,000 to the family of the girl whose annual income is up to Rs 1.5 lakh.
The scheme is expected to benefit around six lakh families annually.
5,000 Gujarat farmers seek ‘right to die’ over forced evacuation
Over 5,000 farmers in Gujarat’s Bhavnagar have sought the “right to die” as the state
government and the Gujarat Power Corporation Limited are trying to forcibly acquire their
land, a farmers’ body member said. In their letters to PM Narendra Modi, the farmers have
asked the Army to kill them as the “forced acquisition” was making them “feel like terrorists”.
Haryana doubles chowkidars’ allowance
The Haryana government has decided to double the monthly allowance for chowkidars
(watchmen), from Rs 3,500 to Rs 7,000 to be effective from April 1, 2018. The chowkidars
would get uniform allowance of Rs 2,500 instead of Rs 2,000 and Rs 1,000 instead of Rs 750
earlier for stick, battery, whistle and umbrella.
The chief minister also announced that those chowkidars who were removed from the
services during the period from 2014 to 2017 but kept on discharging their services during
these years would be provided their full salaries.
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Maharashtra government lifts ban on plastic bottles
The Maharashtra government has lifted ban on small plastic bottles with capacity of less than
half litre. However, it has made the installation of vending and crushing machines mandatory
at hotels, malls, and public places where these bottles are used in bulk. People will have to
pay ₹2 extra on purchasing these bottles, which would be refunded after the return.
Government inks agreement with World Bank for Maharashtra Project for Climate Resilient
Agriculture
The Government of India, Government of Maharashtra and the World Bank signed a US$ 420
million project to help Small and Marginal farmers in the Marathwada and Vidarbha regions
of Maharashtra. The project will help in increasing climate resilient practices in agriculture
and ensuring that farming continues to remain a financially viable activity for them.
The project is expected to benefit over 7 million people spread over an area of 3.0 million ha
and cover 5,142 villages across 15 most climate vulnerable districts of the region. The $420
million loan from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), has a 6-
year grace period, and a maturity of 24 years.
Kerala 1st state to issue norms to declare brain dead cases
Kerala has become the first state in the country to issue guidelines for declaring a patient as
brain dead. All hospitals in the state will be required to follow the guidelines in order to obtain
organs for transplant from the patient. This comes amid growing concerns among the public
about possibilities of manipulation to make organs available for transplant.
Maharashtra Government signs MoU with British Council to strengthen educational and
cultural cooperation
The Maharashtra government has signed an MoU with the British Council to strengthen
educational and cultural cooperation. The areas of potential collaboration include developing
further initiatives to improve English teaching and enhance employability skills in schools and
training institutes. It is also aimed at building capacity in higher education and research and
further co-operation on inspiring hundreds of thousands of people in the state through arts
and culture.
PM Modi inaugurates Buddha Jayanti celebrations
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the ‘Buddha Jayanti 2018’ celebrations at Indira
Gandhi Indoor Stadium in New Delhi. PM Modi gave away the Sankh to 14 monks from India,
Sri Lanka, and Japan, who came to attend the celebrations. PM Modi highlighted that India
has never been an aggressor and that religious thoughts born in India have always been
considerate of others. Indian religions are inclusive and tolerant.
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UP Government launches Ganga Hariteema Yojana
The Uttar Pradesh Government launched the Ganga Hariteema Yojana, also known as Ganga
Greenery scheme, on April 7, 2018 in the 27 districts of Uttar Pradesh that are located on the
bank of river Ganga.
Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath launched the scheme at Allahabad in a function organised on
the bank of Sangam, the confluence of rivers of Ganga, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati.
Tamil Nadu Government launches Uzhavan app for farmers
In a bid to use technology for farmers’ benefit, Tamil Nadu government has come out with a
mobile application that will allow ryots to have access to nine types of services including
details about their crop insurance. Chief Minister K Palaniswami launched the bi-lingual
‘Uzhavan’ (farmer).
The app, which can be downloaded from Google Playstore, can be used by farmers to get
information on farm subsidies, book farm equipment and related infrastructure and get
details on their crop insurance, besides receiving weather forecast for the next four days.
Assam Spring Festival organised at Manas National Park
The two-day Assam Spring Festival began at the Manas National Park, where visitors will get
to experience the state’s local food, music, handloom and handicrafts. The aim of the event
is to promote the local food and culture of the fringe villagers. It is an attempt to create a
model of alternative livelihood through food, handloom and culture.
The National park which is also a tiger and rhino reserve covers five districts of Assam —
Kokrajhar, Baksa, Chirang, Udalguri and Barpeta.
Tripura CM launches state component of PMKVY in Agartala
Tripura Chief Minister Biplab Kumar Deb launched the state component of Pradhanmantri
Kaushal Vikas Yojna (PMKVY) in Agartala. Under the programme, the state aims to achieve
the target to give training to more than 1 lakh 16,000 youths by 2020.
Under it, those who wish to start, especially the small-scale industries, will be provided land,
other assistance and security. The state government is also planning to promote
industrialisation based on pineapple, bamboo, rubber and jackfruit.
Goa government to launch app-based taxi service
The government of Goa has decided to launch its own app-based taxi service to few key
tourist destinations of the state. The state-run Goa Tourism Development Corporation (GTDC)
invited taxi operators to register with the new mobile application-based transport service.
The taxi operators who hold the license to run cabs in Goa would be eligible to register for
the new transport service. The service will be operated on the lines of professional taxi
services such as Uber that have a presence in other parts of the country.
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Maharashtra to start free chemotherapy units for cancer patients
Maharashtra has announced that cancer patients would be provided with free chemotherapy
treatment at district hospitals. The first phase of the plan would start in June 2018. The plan
will start with hospitals in Nagpur, Gadchiroli, Pune, Amravati, Jalgaon, Nashik, Wardha,
Satara, Bhandara and Akola districts.
The move aims to ease the travelling and lodging problems of cancer patients who come to
Mumbai’s Tata Memorial Hospital in Parel, which is one of the country’s premier cancer
treatment facilities, for six-week chemotherapy course as a part of their treatment.
According to the National Cancer Registry Programme, around 11 lakh people are diagnosed
with cancer every year across the country. Among them, five lakh people die annually.
8th Theatre Olympics concludes in Mumbai
After a glorious run of 51 days across 17 cities of India, the historic event 8th Theatre Olympics
drew to a colourful close in Mumbai. The Chief Minister of Maharashtra, DevendraFadnavis
was the Chief Guest at the closing ceremony. Around 400 artists from various parts of the
country have come to put up a very colourful show at the closing ceremony.
This edition of Theatre Olympics brought together around 25,000 artists under the theme
“Flag of Friendship”. The event witnessed 450 shows from more than 30 countries.
Assam Chief Minister Sarbananda Sonowal pledges to serve the farmers on priority under
APART project
Assam Chief Minister Sarbananda Sonowal has advocated priority profiling and creation of
adequate amenities for the farmers under the Assam Agri-business and Rural Transformation
Project (APART).
Reviewing APART, an agriculture department project, in a meeting here yesterday, Sonowal

asked the implementing agency to take into account the interests and priorities of the
farmers.
APART, a World Bank financed project, has been designed for five lakh beneficiaries in the
state with an initial financial outlay of Rs 1700 crore for building agri-market, rural haat and
warehouses among other things.
World’s Largest Solar Park To Come Up In Gujarat
Gujarat Chief Minister Vijay Rupani approved setting up a 5,000 MW capacity solar park at
the Dholera Special Investment Region (SIR), which would be the largest such entity in the
world after its completion.
The proposed solar power generation project would be set up in 11,000 hectares of land with
an investment of Rs 25,000 crore. The project will contribute significantly in achieving Prime
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Minister Narendra Modi’s target of producing 175 gigawatt of electricity through renewable
energy sources by 2022.
Police use pigeons to send messages in Odisha
Odisha Police used pigeons to send messages from Bhubaneswar to Cuttack during a
ceremony. The police said Odisha is the only Indian state that uses pigeons to communicate
between police stations. The Odisha Pigeon Service started in 1946 when the army gave
policemen 200 pigeons to communicate in areas with no wireless or telephone links, the
police added.
Ayushman Bharat Scheme: First health & wellness centre inaugrated in Bijapur,
Chhattisgarh
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the first health centre under the Ayushman
Bharat scheme in Bijapur, Chhattisgarh. Under Ayushman Bharat, the government will open
1.5 lakh health and wellness centres by 2022, which will be equipped to treat a host of
diseases, including blood pressure, diabetes, cancer and old-age illness.
Madras HC becomes first court in south India to introduce e-court fee payment facility
The Madras High Court became the first court in south India and eighth in the country to
introduce e-court fee payment facility. So far only the Supreme Court and the High Courts in
Delhi, Punjab, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh had introduced
the e-court fee payment facility. The e-stamp facility provides for filing a single receipt
irrespective of the quantum of court fee paid
PM Modi to launch Rashtriya Gramin Swaraj Abhiyan from MP
Prime Minister Narendra Modi will launch the Rashtriya Gramin Swaraj Abhiyan from Madhya
Pradesh’s Mandla. The scheme is reportedly aimed at training, building infrastructure, and
setting up initiatives for e-governance under the e-Panchayat Mission Mode Project. He will
also reveal the roadmap for the overall development of tribals over the next five years.
Sagar Kavach: Coastal security exercise held in Kerala
A two-day coastal security exercise ‘Sagar Kavach’ has began to strengthen and assess the
loopholes in the coastal security mechanism along Kerala shores. Apart from the Coast Guard,
the Navy, Coastal Police and Marine Enforcement wing and various other security
stakeholders were also participating in the exercise.
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CABINET APPROVALS IN APRIL 2018
Cabinet approves revised cost estimates of the scheme of updation of National Register of
Citizens, 1951 in Assam
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has approved the Revised Cost Estimates (RCE)
of the scheme of Updation of National Register of Citizens (NRC), 1951 in Assam at a cost of
Rs. 1220.93 crore upto 31.12.2018. The scheme of NRC, 1951 is specific to state of Assam
covering about 3.29 crore applicants. The exercise will help in preparation of National Register
of Citizens in Assam.
Cabinet approves a Cooperation Arrangement between India and Afghanistan for

cooperation in the field of food safety and related areas
The Union Cabinet has approved the signing of a Cooperation Arrangement between Food
Safety & Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoH&FW)
and Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation & Livestock (MAIL), Afghanistan for cooperation in the
field of Food Safety and related areas.
The areas of cooperation include the following:
a) Establishment of a mechanism of information exchange and communication;

b) Facilitating technical exchange on identified topics of interestespecially about import
procedures, quality control operations, sampling,testing, packaging and labeling;
c) Facilitating/organization of joint seminars, workshops, visits, lectures,training programme,
etc;
d) Other areas of interest to the participants within their responsibilitiesas they may mutually
determine.
The cooperation arrangement will facilitate information sharing training and capacity building
measure and learning from each others best practice to improve food safety ecosystem.
Cabinet approves MoU between India and Iran on the establishment of an expert group on
trade remedy measures
The Union Cabinet has given its ex post facto approval to the Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) between India and Iran on the establishment of an expert group on trade remedy
measures to promote cooperation in areas of mutual interest. The MoU was signed on
17thFebruary, 2018 during the visit of the President of Iran.
The MoU will promote cooperation between the two countries in area of trade remedies such
as exchange of information, capacity building activities, cooperation in investigations related
to anti-dumping and countervailing duty, etc.
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Cabinet approves closure of loss making Burn Standard Company Limited
The Union Cabinet chaired has approved the closure of Burn Standard Company Ltd (BSCL) –
a Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under Ministry of Railways. This decision has been
taken in view of the continuous poor physical and financial performance of the company for
more than 10 years despite financial assistance and other support provided by government,
and low probability of its revival in the future. This measure will save public funds, which are
currently being used for loss making BSCL, and can be used for other developmental work.
Government will provide one-time grant of Rs. 417.10 crore towards severance package and
for clearing the current liabilities of the company. In addition, outstanding loan of Rs. 35 crore
given to the company by Government of India (Ministry of Railways) shall be written off. 508
employees of BSCL will benefit from Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS).
Cabinet apprised of MoU between India and United Arab Emirates on Technical
Cooperation in Rail Sector
The Union Cabinet chaired has been apprised of theMemorandum of Understanding (MoU)
signed with the Federal Transport Authority – Land & Maritime of the United Arab Emirates
on Technical Cooperation in Rail Sector. The MoU was signed on 10th February, 2018.
The MoU will enable technical cooperation in the following areas:-
a. Regulation, safety and technical investigation of accidents;

b. Station redevelopment;
c. Locomotives, coaches and wagons; and
d. Any other area jointly identified by the Participants.
The MoU will provide a platform to Indian Railways to interact and share the latest
developments and knowledge in the railway sector. The MoU will facilitate exchange of
information, expert meetings,seminars technical visits and implementation of jointly agreed
cooperation projects.
Cabinet approves demerger and transfer of surplus land from TCL to HPIL
The Union Cabinet has approved the transfer of administrative control of Hemisphere
Properties India Ltd. (HPIL), PSU from the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to the
Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) after infusion of equity amounting to Rs. 700
crore and Rs. 51 cr. secured GOI Loan into the Company and implementation of scheme of
arrangement for de-merger of surplus land.
It would facilitate demerger of surplus land from Tata Communications Limited to

Hemisphere Properties India Limited (HPIL) and further smooth functioning of HPIL.
Cabinet approves rightsizing the Competition Commission of India
The Union Cabinet has given its approval for rightsizing the Competition Commission of India
(CCI) from One Chairperson and Six Members (totalling seven) to One Chairperson and Three
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Members (totalling four) by not filling the existing vacancies of two Members and one more
additional vacancy, which is expected in September, 2018 when one of the present
incumbents will complete his term.
The proposal is expected to result in reduction of three Posts of Members of the Commission
in pursuance of the Governments objective of “Minimum Government – Maximum
Governance”.
Cabinet approves the Protection of Human Rights (Amendments) Bill, 2018
The Union Cabinet has given its approval to the Protection of Human Rights (Amendments)
Bill, 2018 for better protection and promotion of human rights in the country.
Salient Features:
a) It proposes to include “National Commission for Protection of Child Rights” as deemed

Member of the Commission;
b) It proposes to add a woman Member in the composition of the Commission;
c) It proposes to enlarge the scope of eligibility and scope of selection of Chairperson,
National Human Rights Commission as well as the State Human Rights Commission; and
d) It proposes to incorporate a mechanism to look after the cases of human rights violation
in the Union Territories.
e) It proposes to amend the term of office of Chairperson and Members of National Human
Rights Commission and State Human Rights Commission to make it in consonance with the
terms of Chairperson and Members of other Commissions.
Benefits:
The Amendment will strengthen the Human Rights Institutions of India further for effective
discharge of their mandates, roles and responsibilities. Moreover, the amended Act will be in
perfect sync with the agreed global standards and benchmarks towards ensuring the rights
relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual in the country.
Cabinet gives boost to Ease of Doing Business in Petroleum & Natural Gas Sector
In line with the Government initiative of ease of doing business, the Union Cabinet chaired by
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has given its approval for delegating the powers to Minister of
Petroleum and Natural Gas and Finance Minister to award the Blocks/Contract Areas to
successful bidders under Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing Policy (HELP) after
International Competitive Bidding (ICB) based on the recommendations of Empowered
Committee of Secretaries (ECS). Under HELP, Blocks are to be awarded twice in a year.
Therefore, this delegation of powers will expedite the decision making process on awarding
blocks and give a boost to the initiative of ease of doing business.
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Cabinet approves Headquarters (Host country) Agreement between India and the
International Solar Alliance
The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has given its ex-post facto
approval for entering into Headquarters (Host country) Agreement between India and the
International Solar Alliance (ISA) and authorizing the Ministry of External Affairs for signing
the Headquarter Agreement. The Agreement was signed on 26th March, 2018. The
Headquarters Agreement will institutionalize the functional arrangements between India and
ISA. It will help in smooth transition of ISA as international inter-governmental organization.
Creation of ISA will lead to accelerated solar technology development and deployment in ISA
member countries including India.
Cabinet approves revision of pay and allowances of Lieutenant Governors of Union

Territories
The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has given its approval for
revision of pay and allowances of Lieutenant Governors of Union Territories. It will bring the
pay and allowances of LGs at par with that of the Secretary to the Government of India.
The Cabinet has approved the proposal for increasing the pay and allowances of Lieutenant
Governors of Union Territories with effect from 1st January, 2016 from Rs.80,000/- per month
plus dearness allowance, sumptuary allowance at the rate of Rs.4,000/- per month and local
allowances to Rs. 2,25,000/- plus dearness allowance, sumptuary allowance at the rate of
Rs.4,000/- per month and local allowances at the same rate as applicable to the officers of
the rank of Secretary to the Govt. of India It will be subject to the condition that the total
emoluments (excluding sumptuary allowance and local allowances) shall not exceed the total
emoluments drawn by the Governor of a State.
Cabinet approves MoU between India and the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland on the
return of Illegal Migrants
The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has given its approval to the
MoU between India and the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland on the return of Illegal
Migrants. The MoU will facilitate that the Visa Free Agreement for holders of Diplomatic
passports as well as liberalization of UK Visa Regime for those who are travelling to the UK
legally, after conclusion of the MoU. It will ensure the return of persons who have no lawful
basis to be in the territory of the other Party after verification of nationality to its satisfaction.
It will help in streamlining the procedure of return of nationals who are caught to be staying
illegally, belonging to the other party in a specified time-frame.
Cabinet approves the restructured Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Rashtriya Gram Swaraj
Abhiyan
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs gave its approval for restructured Centrally
Sponsored Scheme of Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA). The Scheme will be
implemented during the period from 01.04.2018 to 31.03.2022 at the total cost of Rs. 7255.50
crore with the Central Share of Rs. 4500 crore and that of State Share of Rs. 2755.50 crore.
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The approved scheme of RGSA will help more than 2.55 lakh Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)
to develop governance capabilities to deliver on SDGs through inclusive local governance with
focus on optimum utilisation of available resources.
SPORTS
Winner Title Additional Information
Kerala Santosh Trophy Football title It is their sixth title. Kerala
defeated Bengal in the finals.
Daniel Ricciardo Chinese Grand Prix -
Lewis Hamilton Azerbaijan Grand Prix -
Rafael Nadal Barcelona title It is Nadal’s 11th Title.
Other Sports Related Current Affairs
North Korea will take part in next two Olympics: IOC
The International Olympic Committee president, Thomas Bach, says Kim Jong-un is
committed to having North Korea participate in the 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics and the
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Bach traveled to Pyongyang in a visit that comes after North
Korea’s participation in the Pyeongchang Winter Games helped ease tensions over the Korean
peninsula.
Lionel Messi hat-trick gives Barcelona La Liga title
Lionel Messi scored a hat-trick as Barcelona clinched a 25th Spanish La Liga title with a 4-2
victory at Deportivo La Coruna. With this win, the Spanish club also bid a memorable farewell
to Andres Iniesta. Barcelona’s domestic dominance has been as relentless as it has been
remarkable but this ageing squad is creaking and in need of renovation.
Nadal dethrones Federer to become world no. 1 again
Spain’s 16-time Grand Slam champion Rafael Nadal displaced Swiss rival Roger Federer at the
top of the ATP men’s singles rankings. Nadal, who held the number one spot up until February
18, is now beginning his fifth stint and 168th week at the top of the men’s singles rankings.
The 31-year-old has been inside the top 10 since April 2005.
Sindhu leads Indian contingent at Parade of Nations at CWG
Olympic silver medalist PV Sindhu led the over 200-member strong Indian contingent at the
Parade of Nations during the opening ceremony of the Commonwealth Games at Gold Coast,
Australia. Over 4,500 athletes from 71 countries and territories will compete for 275 gold
medals at the Games. India had finished fifth at 2014 Commonwealth Games with 15 gold
medals.
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Mithali Raj becomes most capped player in women’s ODIs
Indian women’s cricket team captain Mithali Raj has become the most capped player in
women’s ODI cricket after turning out for the 192nd time against England. Raj, who is also the
highest run-getter in WODIs, overtook former England captain Charlotte Edwards, who had
appeared in 191 WODIs. Indian fast bowler Jhulan Goswami is the third-most capped WODI
player.
Mithali Raj becomes 1st woman ever to hit 50 fifties in ODIs
Indian women’s cricket team captain Mithali Raj has become the first-ever woman to smash
50 fifties in ODI cricket, achieving the feat against England on Thursday. The 35-year-old, who
is the most capped Women’s ODI player, slammed 74* off 124 balls to help India win the
series 2-1. Mithali is the leading run-getter with 6,373 runs in 194 Women’s ODIs.
India, Russia to lose Olympic spots due to doping
India will join Russia among the nations that will lose weightlifting spots at the Tokyo 2020
Olympics due to the number of doping violations registered against the nation’s athletes. The
new rules state that the countries with 10-19 doping violations from 2008 to 2020, which
includes India, will be limited to two men and two women at the Tokyo Olympics.
Germany top FIFA rankings, Brazil second
The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking of April 2018 ranked current world champions, Germany
at the top despite one draw and defeat in March.
In the international friendly matches that were played last month, Germany had lost 1-0 to
Brazil and drew 0-0 with Spain. The nation with 1533 points still has quite a lead over Brazil,
which is ranked at the second position with 1384 points.
Rajasthan Royals to plant one million saplings in Rajasthan
Indian Premier League side Rajasthan Royals have begun their ‘Go Green’ initiative, in which
the side will help plant one million saplings across the state of Rajasthan. This initiative has
been undertaken in association with the Government of Rajasthan among other
organisations. The campaign will also spread awareness regarding carpooling, rainwater
harvesting and waste management.
Indian Swimmer Double Crosses Bangla Channel Sets World Record
Pune-based 17-year-old swimmer Sampanna Ramesh Shelar has set a world record to double
cross the Bangla Channel. Shelar, is the first person to swim to and fro from Saint Martin’s
Island Jetty to Teknaf in Bangladesh also known as the Bangla Channel. An ambitious Shelar
has now planned to participate in the upcoming swimming competition.
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Arsene Wenger to quit Arsenal after 22 years
Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger has announced that he will leave the club at the end of the
current season, ending an almost 22-year reign at the club. The longest-serving Premier
League manager, who took over Arsenal in 1996, won the league thrice (1997-98, 2001-02
and 2003-04) during his tenure. The 68-year-old Frenchman’s contract was due to expire in
2019.
16th Federation Cup Jr National athletics ch’ship begins
Over 800 athletes from 32 states across the country will take part in the 16th Federation Cup
Junior National athletics championship, beginning at Coimbatore on April 20 2018. The three-
day event will see 440 boys and 352 girls in the age group of 16 to 20 years take part in 44
events.
FIBA Basketball World Cup 2019 unveils official mascot
The FIBA Basketball World Cup 2019 on April 18, 2018 unveiled ‘Son of Dreams’ as the official
Mascot of World Cup.
Born in China on August 8, 2015, Son of Dreams’ magical horns give him the power to see in
the future, envisioning plays and moves before they actually happen. The mascot finalists
were a Chinese dragon (‘Son of Dream’), a Siberian tiger (‘Speed Tiger’) and a lion (‘Qiu Qiu’).
BCCI forms committee to deal with sexual harassment cases
The BCCI has formed a four-member internal complaints committee for prevention of sexual
harassment against women at the workplace. The members of the committee, whose tenure
will run for a year, include BCCI employee Karina Kripalani, former cricketer Saba Karim,
Rupawati Rao and an external member in the form of Veena Gowda.
8th South Asian Judo Championship begins in Lalitpur
8th South Asian Judo Championship begins in Lalitpur near Kathmandu. Besides host Nepal,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka participating in a three day championship.
A total 102 players including 13 from India will compete for 7 gold, 7 silver and 14 bronze
medals each in men’s and women’s individual categories.
Rafael Nadal becomes the first man to win the same title 11 times
World number one Rafael Nadal has become the first male tennis player in the Open Era to
win the same title 11 times in his career. The 31-year-old achieved the feat by defeating
Japan’s Kei Nishikori to clinch his 11th Monte Carlo Masters title on Sunday. Nadal also
overtook Serbia’s Novak Djokovic to clinch most Masters 1000 titles (31).
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India wins 8th South Asian Judo Championship
India has won 8th South Asian Judo Championship. On the concluding day of the
championship Indian women and men won team events in Lalitpur, Nepal. Keeping the
unbeaten streak Indian women white washed the championship by beating host Nepal by 5-
0 in the final of team events. Indian men also won team championship. They defeated
Pakistan by 3-2 in the final.
A total 102 players from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka participated
in the 3 day championship.
BCCI recommends Dhawan, Mandhana for Arjuna Award
The BCCI has nominated Indian men’s cricket team opener Shikhar Dhawan and Indian
women’s team opener Smriti Mandhana for the Arjuna Award. Dhawan, who was given a
1300% salary hike by the BCCI recently, was India’s third highest ODI run-scorer last year.
Meanwhile, Smriti Mandhana is the only Indian woman cricketer to slam ODI tons in three
away nations.
Indian boxers win 3 gold, 5 silver, 5 bronze at International Championship
The Indian contingent finished the Belgrade International Boxing Tournament with three gold
medals, five silver medals, and five bronze medals. Sumit Sangwan, an Asian silver-medallist,
defeated Ecuador’s Castillo Torres to claim the gold in the 91 kg category. Himanshu Sharma
(49 kg category) and Nikhat Zareen (51 kg category) were the other two gold-winners for the
Indian boxing contingent.
Nadal wins 44th straight set on clay to win 400th clay match
World number one and 16-time Grand Slam champion Rafael Nadal won his 44th consecutive
set on clay and registered his 400th win on the surface. Nadal achieved the feat by defeating
world number 10 David Goffin 6-4, 6-0 in the Barcelona Open semi-final. The 31-year-old is
the fourth man to win 400 matches on clay.
OBITUARY
NAME OF THE PERSON DIED ASSOCIATED FIELD
Steven Bochco Famous Writer and Producer. Known for Police
drama - Hill Street Blues.
Winnie Madikizela-Mandela South African anti-apartheid campaigner
Raj Kishore Famous Actor
Miloš Forman Director of Oscar-winning film ‘One Flew Over
the Cuckoo’s Nest’
S Nihal Singh Journalism
Barbara Bush Former first lady of USA
Nerses Krikorian Scientist at US lab that made 1st-ever atom
bomb
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Bhimsain Khurana Indian animation pioneer and multiple National
Award winner
Inuka World’s only tropical-born polar bear
IMPORTANT DAYS OBSERVED IN APRIL 2018

DATE DAY OBSERVED THEME
April 2 World Autism Awareness Day Empowering Women and Girls with Autism
April 2 Small Industries Development The bank was set up on April 2, 1990.
Bank of India (SIDBI)’s
Foundation Day
April 7 World Health Day Universal health coverage: everyone,
everywhere
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CURRENT AFFAIRS APRIL 2018 PDF

AWARDS & HONOURS

 Best actor (male): Shahid Kapoor

CURRENT AFFAIRS RELATED TOBANKING

Migrants sent record $466 billion home in 2017: World Bank

IFAD, Ant Financial sign agreement to develop rural economies

China bank opens first unmanned branch with robots, holograms

Core sector growth up by 5.3% in February 2018

Government levies 10% import duty on key smartphone components

RBI keeps repo rate unchanged at 6% for fourth time in a row

Cash vans should have CCTV, GPS, wireless sets: RBI

11 public sector banks placed under RBI’s PCA Framework

Transgenders to be recognised as independent gender category in PAN Form

AIIB decides to invest USD 140M to improve Rural Connectivity in India

Kotak overtakes SBI as India’s second-most valuable bank

India has recovered from demonetisation, GST : World Bank

Bandhan Bank among Top 50 Most Valuable Brand In India

India has world’s 2nd largest unbanked population: World Bank

India is world’s sixth largest economy at $2.6 trillion: IMF

India pitches for independent BRICS credit rating agency

India, Finland settle Nokia tax dispute under MAP

World debt hits record high of $164 trillion: IMF

Govt hikes raw jute support price by Rs 200 to Rs 3,700/quintal

India to join 8 countries having sex offenders database

President approves seizure of fugitive economic offenders’ assets

Government planning to gift obsolete weaponry to friendly countries

Recommendations of Rajesh Bindal committee on Inter-country removal and retention of

Biannual Army Commanders’ Conference begins in New Delhi

Red Fort ‘adopted’ by Dalmia Group for ₹25 crore

Sikkim Chief Minister becomes India’s longest-serving CM

E-way bill must for inter-state movement of goods from April 1

GI tag for Telangana’s Adilabad dokra, Warangal Dhurries

NDMA conducts its first-ever Mock Exercise on Bio-Disasters at Patna airport

A five-day Day training programme, aimed at enhancing the preparedness of Airport

India becomes World’s second largest mobile phone producer

Government launches Swachh Bharat Summer Internship

. India ranks 37th in global startup ecosystem in 2017: Report

Delhi becomes 1st city to switch to cleaner petrol, diesel

MoS VK Singh arrives with mortal remains of 38 Indians

114th Permanent Indus Commission meeting held in Delhi

National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) India Ranking 2018

India third most vulnerable country to cyber threats

Government constitutes committee to regulate news portals

Varanasi gets more e-boats for pollution-free boating

An all-encompassing coordinated and composite exercise named Gaganshakti is being

Walmiki and Malhar: 2 unknown languages discovered

PM Modi launches India’s 1st all-electric high-speed train

Eighth Regional 3R Forum in Asia and Pacific held in Indore

UIDAI launches digitally signed QR code with photo on e-Aadhaar

FSSAI launches Project Dhoop to address vitamin D deficiency amongst youngsters

First International SME Convention 2018 to be held in New Delhi

Govt launches ‘Study in India’ to attract foreign students

India to host Asia Cup in the UAE over Indo-Pak relations

Index of Economic Freedom 2018: India ranks 130th

PM Narendra Modi inaugurates 10th edition of Defence Expo

Government constitutes 13 member Task Force for fast-tracking implementation of UAV

PM launches national healthcare programme Ayushman Bharat

India to host second edition of IMC in October 2018

TRAI unveils new website for comparing telcos’ tariffs

Bengaluru highest paying city in India, Pune second: Report

ASCI becomes member of Ayush committee

Suresh Prabhu launches digital platform for MSME Exporters

India-Wiesbaden Conference 2018 held in New Delhi

Mahindra Electric ties up with Meru for e-vehicle project