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F U ND A M E NT A L S
BY
JO S E R C A P A B L A NC A
.
NE W Y OR K
HAR COURT B RA CE
,
AND COM PANY
L O ND ON : G . BELL AND S ON S ,
LT D .
CO PY RI GHT , 1 9 2 1 , BY
PRINTED IN THE U . S . A .
PR E F A C E
has been only a change o f form and not always for the
,
best at that .
J
. R . C AP AB LAN CA
New Yor k
S ep t . 1 , 1 934
L IS T O F C O NT E NT S
PART 1
C HA PT E R I
S O M E S IM P L E M A T E S .
PAWN PR O M O TIO N
PAWN END I N G S
SO M E WINNI N G P O S ITIO N S IN THE M IDD L E G A M E -
C HA PT E R II
F U
R TH E R P RIN CIPLE S IN E ND -
G AM E P LA Y
A CARDIN A L PRIN CIP L E
A C LA S SIC AL E NDIN G
O B T AINI NG A P A S S ED P A WN
HO W To FIN D O U T WHI CH PA WN WI L L BE THE F RST
I
ToQ UE EN
THE O PP O S I TI O N
N
.
Q UE E N A G AIN ST R OO K
C HAPTE R III
C HA PT ER IV
G ENE RA L THE O RY
THE I NI TIA TI VE
D IRE C T A TTA C K S EN M A S SE
TH E F O R C E O F TH E TH R E A T E N E D A TTA CK
R E LI N Q UI S HI NG TH E INI TIA TI VE
C U TTING O FF PI ECE S F R O M TH E S CENE O F AC TI O N
A PLAY ER s M O TIVE S CRI TICI S ED IN A S PE CIM EN G A M E
’
C HAP TE R V
END -
GAM E S TRAT EG Y
THE S U EN
DD A CK FR OM A D IFFE RENT SID E
A TT .
R OO K BI S H O P A ND PA WN S v R OO K KNI G H T AND PA WN S
,
.
,
CH APTER VI
THE INF L U E N CE O F A H O LE
“ ”
.
LI ST O F C O N TEN TS
P ART II
ILLU S TRATIVE G AM E S
G AM E
Q UE EN S G AMB IT ECLINED ( M A TCH
’
1 . D ,
Wh i t e : F J M a r s h all B la c k : J R C ap a bl anca
. . . . . .
4 . FR EN CH D E FEN C E ( ST PE T ER S B UR G 1 9 1 3 ) .
,
5 . R UY L OP E Z ( ST P E T E R S B UR G 1 9 1 4 ) .
,
Whi te : 0 C h aj e s B l a c k : J R C a p a b la nc a
. . . . .
Whi t e : J R C a pa blanc a B la c k : A B u rn
. . . . .
8 . CENTRE G AM E ( BERLIN 1 9 1 3 ) ,
White : J M ie se s B la c k : J R C a p ablanc a
. . . . .
Q UE EN S G AM B IT D E CLINED ( B E RLIN
’
9 .
,
Io . PET R O FF D E F E N C E ( S T P E T E R S B U R G 1 9 1 4 ) .
,
II. R UY LO PE Z ( ST PET E R S B UR G 1 9 1 4 ) .
,
12 . FRE N CH D EF E NCE ( NE W Y O RK ,
Whi t e : J R C a p ablan ca B l a c k : 0 C h aj e s
. . . . .
13 . R UY L OPEZ ( NEW Y O RK 1 9 1 8 ) ,
14 .
Q UE E N’
S G AM B IT D E CL IN E D ( NE W Y O RK ,
PA R T I
C HAP TER I
F IR ST P R INCIP LE S : END INGS , M ID D LE GAM E
-
AND OP E NING S
T H E fi rstthing a student Should do is to familiarise ,
1
. S O M E S IM P LE M AT E S
K — Kt I ; 2 K — Kt 2 .
foll ow is to
k ee p h is K ing as mu ch as p os s ible on th e s am e
r ank , or , a s in t h is ca s e , fi le ,
as t h e opp os ing K ing .
—B I ; 3 K — B 3 K — K I ; 4 K — K , 4,
K — I
Q ; 5 K — — —
Q 5 K B I; 6 K Q 6
, .
o —
N t K B 6 b ecause then the Black Kin g w ill
,
at once .
— Kt I ; 7 R — Q B 7 K — R I ; 8 K — B 6 , ,
K — K t I ; 9 K — Kt 6 K — R 1 ; I O R — B 8 mate ,
.
K — K t I ; 8 K — B 6 K — R I ; 9 K — Kt 6 , ,
K — Kt 1 ; I O R — R 8 mate .
S O M E S IM P L E MATE S 5
Exam fl e 2 .
R — B ch K — K t 6 6 K — Q K — K t 7;
5 4 , ; 3 ,
R — K t ch K — R 6 8 K — B K — R 7 It
7 4 , ; 3 ,
.
his pieces .
S ince
the Black King is in the corner can ,
play I B — Q 3 K — Kt 2 ; 2 B — K Kt 5 K — B 2 ;
, ,
from the last row Wh ite should have advan ced his
,
possible .
c a s e e it h e r K R 6, K Kt 6 , K B 7 , K B 8 , a nd a s KR 6
and K Kt 6 are the nearest squares it is to eithe r O f ,
B K — Kt , K — Kt 2 ; 6 K — R 4 , K — B
2 ; 5 3 2 ;
7 K — R 5, K — Kt 2 ; 8 B — Kt 6 , K — Kt I ;
9 K R B I White must no w mark time and
6, K .
King o g
t o back ; To B — R 5 K —K t I ; I I B — K 7 , ,
moves back to Kt I I 2 B K Kt 4 — K — Kt 1 ;
.
,
I 3 B — K 6 ch K — R I ; I 4 B — B 6 mate
,
.
2 K Q 2 Al ready
. the Black King has o n ly o ne
availab le square — K 4; 3 K — K 3 K — B 4; ,
— —
then Q Kt 6 ch ) ; 5 Q K 6 K R 5 ( if —
,
6 Q — K Kt 6 K — R 6; 7 K
,
— B 3 K moves ; ,
8 Q mates .
K— K 4 ; 2 K— Q 3 K— Q 4 This is a very,
.
o f the White Ki n g .
P —K 4 ch K — K 4 K — K K — K
3 ; 4
, 3 3; ,
Pawn .
6 P — K 5 ch K — K 3; 7 K
,
— K 4 K — K 2; ,
8 K —
Q 5 ,
K — Q ; 9
2 P — K 6 ch K — K 2 ; ,
IO K — K 5, K — K I ; II K— Q 6, K — Q I . K no w
Thus
I . K— K 4, K —K 3 .
2 P — K 3 K — B 3 ; 3 K — Q 5 K —K 2
.
,
.
,
.
12 P AWN P R O M OT I O N
If Black had played 3 K B 4 then Wh ite would . .
,
4 . K — K 5, K —Q 2 ; 5 . K — B 6, K — K I .
6 P — K 4 K —Q 2 .
,
.
7 . P — K 5, K — K 1 .
8 . K— K 6 .
—B I ; 9 K
—Q 7 .
P AWN E NDIN G S 13
3 . PAWN ING S EN D
no t
,
the stude n t must realise by lo n g and bitter ex
p e rie n c e the practical application of the many things
explained in the b ook .
Exam pl e 7 .
I4 PAWN END IN G S
woul d lose b ut I,
K — K t I and i f then 2 P x P
. .
, ,
2 K— K 7 P X P ; 3 K X P K — B I and draws
, , , .
diagram b y playing
I K—Q 7, K — Kt I ; 2 K — K 7, K —R I ;
3 P
-
Kt I ; 4 P — B 7 ch ,
K — R I ; 5 P — B 8 ( Q) mate .
4 K
— B 7, P — B 4; 5 P — Kt 7 ch , K — R 2 ;
6 P — Kt 8 ( Q) ch , K — R 3; 7 Q — Kt 6 mate .
dr aws.
( The studen t Should work this o u t ) He .
— —
cannot win by I P K t 5 because P K t 3 draws .
,
K — K 3 ( If
.
— K t 3; 2 K — Q 4 K — K 3; ,
s K — B s K — B 3 ; 4 K,
— Q 6 K — B Z ; 5 P — K t 5 , ,
K — Kt 2 ; 6 K — K 7 K — K t I ; 7 K — B 6 , ,
2 P — B 5 ch K — B 3 ; 3 K — B 4 P — Kt 3
, ,
.
5 P — B 6 ,
K — K 3; 6 K —K 4 ,
K — B 2 ; 7 K — K 5,
K—B I White cannot force his Bishop s Pawn
’
.
8 P — B 6, K — —Q
B I ; IO K — K 6,
K — Kt 2 ; — — —
I I K K 7 , K Kt I ; I 2 K B 6 ,
K— R 2 ; 13 K B 7, K — R I ; 14 K x P,
K Kt I .
1 5 K — R 6 ( if K — B 6 K — R 2 ; and in order ,
as against 1 6 P — Kt 6 ch K R I draws ) K — R I ; ,
-
,
I6 P — Kt 6, K — Kt I ; I 7 P — Kt 7 , K— B 2 ;
I8 K— R 7, and Whi te queens t he Pawn and
wins .
it
. T hus we b e g in b y
I . P — B 5, K — K 2 .
P — Kt 5 .
2 . K — K 5, K
—B 2 ; 3 . P — Kt 5 K — K ,
2 .
18 P AWN E ND IN GS
I . P — Q R 4 .
2 . P— Q R 4 , K —B 3 ; 3 P — R 4 , K .
—K 3 .
White g oes to the other Side with his King wins the ,
4 P
.
— Kt 5 K — B ,
2 ; 5
. K — B 5, K — Kt 2 ;
6 . P — R 5 K — B 2 , .
K — K 5
7 . .
By the tim e the student has dig ested all that has
b een previously explained he no d o ubt is anx ious
, , ,
to get to the actual game and play with all the pieces .
Exam pl e 11 .
— K I ; 2 Q >< P ch K X Q ; 3 R — R 3 ch , ,
K — K t I ; 4 R — R 8 mate .
20 S O M E WINNING POS IT I O N S
This same typ e o f combination may come as the
result o f a somewhat more complicated position .
2 . Kt — K 7 e h Q X Kt
Ag ain i f B X Kt ; Q >< P ch , K X Q ; R —R 3 ch ,
3 R xQ E x R
4 ~
—
Q Q 7
and White wins o ne o f the two Bish ops remains ,
moves thus :
I . Kt — B 6 ch P X Kt
Q Kt 3 ch K RI
3 . B X P mate .
position .
22 S O ME WINNIN G POS I T I O N S
I . B
Kt X QXB .
If B
. x Kt ; Q B 3 th reaten s mate an d th ere ,
2 Kt
. B 6 ch P X Kt
-
R — K t 3 ch K— R I
3 .
4 . B X P m at e .
( If — R I ; 2 Q — K R P — K Kt 3 ;
5 ,
3 Q — R 6 and wins
, ) .
2 Q — R 5 ch K — K t I ; 3 K t
,
— Kt 5 and Black ,
Q for a R .
—R I ; 4 Q — R 5, P — K K t 3 5
; B X P c h ,
K —Kt 2 ; 6 Q — R 7 ch , K — B 3 ; 7 P — K t 5 ch ,
K —K 3 ; 8 B >< P ch , R X B ; 9 Q — K 4 mate )
—
.
4 Q R 5 ch K — Kt I , ; 5 Kt — Kt 5, R —B I ;
24 RE LAT IVE VAL UE OF T HE P IE CE S
6 Q — R 7 ch K — B I ; 7 Q — R 8 ch Kt — Kt I
, ,
8 Kt — R 7 ch K — K 2 ; 9 R
,
— K I ch K Q 1; ,
-
I O Q x Kt mate .
5 . I
R ELA T VE VA L UE O F T HE P IE CE S
Be fore going o n to the general principles o f the
openings it is advisable to give the student an idea
,
3 . Kt B 3 Kt B 3
4 . B Kt 5
4 . B — Kt 5
5 . 0—0
5 O 0
Blac k foll ows the same line o f reasonin g .
6 P Q3 . P Q3
These moves have a two fold object viZ : to pro
-
,
.
7 . B — Kt 5
t io n ab le advantage .
1
7 . C O NT R O L O F T HE C ENT R E
The four squares K 4 and Q 4 o n each side re spe c
,
the Opening has for its sole Object the control o f the
centre which invariably e nsures the initiative It is
, .
K4 I . PP K4
2 Kt KB3 . P Q3
A timid move Black assumes a defen sive attitude
.
pr efer enc e t o P a wn s .
Q4 3 P
3 . Kt Q 2
cramp them .
4 . B — Q B 4 P — K R 3
—
( if 6 Q Q 6 Kt t P t ; ,
7 . P— B 3
8 . R — Q I Q —B 2
9 . 0 — 0
I . P -
K 4 P — K 4
Kt — K B 3 P—
2 .
Q 3
3 . P— Q 4 B — Kt 5
compensation .
4 . P >< P B X Kt
loses a Pawn .
5 .
Q >< B P >< P
B— — B
6 .
QB4 Q 3
—
I f Kt B 3;
—
Q Q Kt 3 wins a Pawn .
32 T RAP S
7 .
Q — Q K t 3 P— Q Kt 3
8 . Kt — B 3 P— Q B 3
To prevent Kt Q 5 .
d ulg e d in by b eginners .
8 . TR AP S
I . B X P Ch
I . KxB
2 Kt K 5 ch
. K moves
3 Kt X B .
9 . A CA R D INAL PRINCIP LE
P Q R 4 applyin g,
one of the cardinal p rinciples of
( Best ; s e e why ) .
3 . P Kt 4 PXP
( Best ) .
4 . P R5 P Kt 6
5 . P R6 P Kt 7
6 . P— R 7 P — Kt 8 ( Q)
7 . P—R 8 ( Q) —
Q K 5 ch
Qx Q8 . Kx Q
T his b rings the game to a position which is won b y
Black and which constitutes o ne o f the classical
,
10 . A CLA SS I CA L E ND IN G
I . K — Kt 3 K—K 6 -
2 . K — Kt 2
If 2 K — Kt 4 , K — B 7 ; 3 P — R 4 , P — Kt 3 will
38 A CLA SS ICAL ENDIN G
z K—B 5
3 . K ~
B 2 K — Kt 5
4 K— fi 2 K— R 5
5 K — m 1 K— R 6
part h as b een completed .
6 K — R I
7 H— m 1
Th i s en d s the second part .
A CLA S S ICAL E ND IN G 39
8 . K— R I
9 . K — Kt I
m . K—R I
II . P X P
If K Kt I ,
P — Kt 7 .
12 . K — Kt I
g . K — B 2
and wins .
I . P — Kt 6 R PX P
If B P X P ; P — R 6,
2 . P—B 6 PX B P
3 . P—R 6
fi rst In this case the time is the same but the Pawn
.
,
I . P — R 4 P — KR 4
2 . P — R 5 P — R 5
3 . P — Kt 6 P >< P
4 . P — R 6 P — R 6
P — R 7 P — R 7
5 .
6( Q.
) P— R 8
and wins ,
.
13 . T HE O PP O S ITIO N
—
interven in g squares b etween them is odd one in
this case .
0 1 again th i s f orm
, ,
f
o in t er ve n ing s qu a r e s be tween t h e m is even , t he p lay e r
wh o h as t h e m ove h a s t h e o pp os ition .
Thus
I . K — K 2
2 . K— K 3
3 . K — K 4
plays
4 K — B 4 K Kt
.
3
If —K
3; 5 K — Kt 5 w il l win .
5 . K K 5 K Kt 2
1 . K — K 2 K— Q I
No w if z K — Q 3, K —
Q 2 , or if 2 K — K 3, K — K 2,
and Black Ob t ains the opposition in both cases ( Wh en
.
oppositio n ) .
have
2 . K — B 3 K—K 2
K — K 3
3 .
a game .
48 T HE O PPOS I T I O N
Exam ple 28 The following position is an excellent
.
2 K— B 2 ,
K Q 6 and Wh ite cannot continue t o
keep the lateral opposition essential to h is safety ,
2 . K — R 2
3 . K — R 3!
50 T HE RE LA T IVE VAL U E
14 . I O F K NI GH T A N D BI S H O P
T HE R EL A T VE VAL U E
2 . Kt — K 5 P — R 6
Kt — B 6 P — R 7
3 .
4 . Kt — Kt 5 P — R 8 ( Q)
5 . Kt — B 7 mate
The reason for this peculiarity in chess is evi d ent .
Exam pl e 30 —Although
he is a Bi s hop an d a Pawn
.
variation .
Kt — K t 4 ch
K—B I
K—B 2
Kt — K 3
Kt — B I
'
Kt X P mate
Example 32 .
thus :
Whe n the oppone nt ha s a Bis ho p k ee p your P a wns ,
’
on s q ua r e s o
f t he sa m e colour as you r o pp one nt s
Bis ho p .
Should surely e nd in a d r aw .
56 TH E RELAT IVE VAL UE
Example 35 —
. Now let us add three Pawns o n
each side to the above position S O that there are
,
wi th their safety .
15 . HOW T O M A T E WIT H A K N I GH T AN D A B I S HO P
N ow b efore going b ack again to the middl e game
,
-
again st a Rook .
t h e wh i te squared corner
-
2 . K — Q3
3 . B — B 4
60 H OW T O MATE WI TH
4 . Kt — K 2 K —B 4
5 . Kt — B 3 K — Kt 5
6 . K —Q 4 K —R 4
7 . K—B 5 K—R 3
8 . K — B 6 K — R 2
9 . Kt —Q 5 K—R I
position .
10 . Kt -
Kt 6 ch K — R 2
II . B—B 7 K — R 3
12 . B — Kt 8 K — R 4
I3 . Kt — Q 5 K — R 5
K —Kt 6; —
and the other which I give
I 5 Kt K 3,
as the text and which I consider better for the student
,
14 K.
— B 5! K — Kt 6
I5 Kt
.
— Kt 4 K — B 6
16 B.
— B 4 K — Kt 6
17 B— K 5
. K—R 5
18 K—B 4
. K—R 4
19 B — B 7 ch
. K — R 5
20 Kt
.
— Q3 K — R 6
2 1 B.
— Kt 6 K— R 5
2 2 K.t — K t 2 ch K— R 6
23 . K— B 3 K—R 7
24 . K — B 2 K — R 6
25 B — B ch K — R 7
.
5
26 . Kt — Q3 K— R 8
27 . B — Kt 4 K—R 7
28 . K t — B I ch K — R 8
29 . B — B 3 mate
16 .
Q UEE N AGAI N S T R OO K
fin d .Thus :
— K ch
Q 5
No t —
I Q R 6 because
,
R — B 2 ch ; 2 K — Kt 6 ,
R — B 3 ch ; 3 K x R S talemate
.
( The b e ginner .
1 . K tO R I OI tO R 2
2 .
—
Q R I Ch K — Kt I
3
—
Q R s
Therefore
R Kt 6
Q — K ch
5 K—R I b es t
— R 8 ch K— R
5 .
Q 2
6 .
Q — Kt
7 c h K — R I
7 .
Q — K t 8 c h R — Kt I
— R 2 m at e
8 .
Q
Q — K t 5 c h K — B I
2 .
Q — Q 8 c h K — K t z
3 . K — K t 5 R — B 6
— R 2 ; 4 Q — Q 4 R — K t 2 ch ; 5 K — B 6 ,
4 .
—
Q Q 4 ch K— B I
5 K— m 6
5 Q
— Q 6 ch K — K t 2 ;,
6 Q — K 5 ch K — B 1 ,
5 . R — Kt 6 e h
6 . K—B 6 R —B 6 ch
7 . K— K 6 R —K R 6
8 .
Q B 4 ch
range along the diago n als have Often been the key to
all the winning man oeuvres . Also that the Queen and
QUEE N AGAIN S T R OO K 67
O F K N I GH T S
ATTAC K IN G WI T H OUT KNIGHTS 69
Exam pl e 43 —
is Black s move and as he is a
.It
’
,
plays :
I .
—
Q R Kt I !
2 . R —B 2
2 . R X P ch
3 . K — B I B— B 5 ch
4 . Kt R — Kt 8 m at e
44 —
B lack s last move was P K 6
.
’
,
’
.
, ,
follow s
7 0 ATT AC K ING WIT H O UT
I . R x P Ch QXR
2 . R QR5 B lack moves
3 . Wh i te mates
fore play s
1 R X Kt !
. PXR
2 B X P ch
. K K2
If Kt x B ; R X Kt and Black would b e h elpless .
3 Q.
— R 7 eh K — K I
4 Q . X K t Ch K — Q 2
5 Q
—
. R 7 c h Q — K 2
6 B —
. B 8 Q x Q
7 . R >< Q ch K— K I
8 . R X R Resigns
In
these few examples the attacking has b een done,
18 . A TTA C KI NG WIT H K NI GH T S AS A
P R O M I NE N T F O R C E
Exam pl e —
White is two Pawns behind He
46 . .
t inu e s
I . Kt (B 5 ) X Kt P Kt — B 4
Evi d ently
an error which made the winn in g easier
for White as he simply took the Rook with the Knight
,
B 6 ch K — Kt 3 ; 3 Kt X B P — B 3 (best ) ; 4 P
, ,
K 5 K—B ,
2 ; 5 K t >< P , R — K 2 ; 6 Kt
—K 4,
and Black should lose .
l
ull s co re and no t e s
1
F are g ive n in M y C hess C aree r, by J R
. .
C apablanca ( G ame No .
7 2 ATTAC K IN G WI TH KNI G HT S
continues
1 . B >< P ch
2 . Kt — K t 5 ch
a nd if 2 . . K Kt I ; 3
—
Q R 5 with an irresistible
,
attack .
— Kt 4
3 Q
— Kt
4 .
Q 3
Wh ite fin ally w o n .
1
1
This po si io n is t l b
e a o ra e t d u nde r Exam ple 50 (p
74 WINNING BY INDIRE C T ATTAC K
consider this position and the subsequent moves It .
1 . R — R I
2 . P — Q R 4
easier .
2 Kt X B
.
X Kt — B
3 .
Q Q 5
4 . K R — Q I K R — Kt I
R X Kt P .
5 .
Q — K 3 R — Kt 5
6 .
Q — Kt
5 B— Q 5 ch
7 . K— R I Q R — Kt 1
a R x B Q x R
9 . R —Q I —
Q B 5
—
b e g ood enough since after I B B 4 Q R Q I ;
,
— ,
continues as follows
I . Kt — Q 4 !
2 . R X B
76 WINNING BY IND IRE C T ATTAC K
3 B — .B 4 ch K — R I
4 R — .K 6 P — Q6
5 . R >< P
An d Wh i te wi th ,
the b etter position i s a Pawn
,
ahead .
positions that ,
“ ”
into a ction e n m a ss e wh en necess ary; an d t h at a ll
t h e p ieces s m oot hly c o- ordina t e th eir a ction with m a chine
l ik e pr e cis ion .
20 . T HE INIT IAT VE I
As the pieces are se t o n the b oard b oth sides have
the same position and the same amount Of mate r ial .
on harassing
— 0
the -‘ n “
He
m.
o nly relinquishes the
A
21 . D IR E C T A TT A C KS E N M A SS E
12 . B x P ch KXB
13 . Kt — Kt 5 ch K — Kt 3
I4 .
Q — Kt 4 P— B 4
Thus : I 5 K t — K 6 ch
— K
4 ; K— B 3; ,
16 P — B 4 ! P — K 5 ; I7 Q — K t 5 ch K X K t ; ,
— K 5 ch K — Q ; 9 K R —
18 Q 2 ,
1 Q 1 ch K t ,
— if — —
Q 6; 2 0 K t >< P K B 3 (
,
K K I K t Q 6 ch ,
— K t 3 ( if K — mate in two —
K Q 2 ) ; 3 Q B 7 ch
2
a n d mate in fi ve moves .
1
We gi ve f ro m no w o n ga mes a nd no t e s SO th a t t h e s tu de nt
, , ,
m ay f a milia ri se h i ms e lf wi th t h e m a ny a nd va ri e d c o ns id e ra t i o ns
th a t co ns t antly a re b o rne in mi nd by t h e C h e ss M as t e r We mus t
.
ca n d e ri ve b e ne fi t f ro m a ny di s cu s s i o n wi th re g ar d t o th e m .
80 DIRE C T A TTAC KS EN M ASS E
I5 —
Q Kt 3. K— R 3
16 .
—
Q R 4 ch K — Kt 3
I 7 .
Q — R 7 c h K — B 3
If K x Kt ; Q >< Kt P ch and mate in a few moves .
I 8 . P— K 4 K t — Kt 3
19 . P X P
20 .
Q R—Q I Kt — Q 6
21 .
—
Q R 3 Kt ( Q 6) — B 5
22 .
—
Q Kt 3 —
Q B 2
23 . K R—K I K t — K 7 ch
This b lunder loses at once b ut the game could not ,
b e saved in a ny case ; e g 2 3 B — K 3 ; 24 R x B
. . . .
,
—
ch Kt >< R ; 2 5 K t Q 5 mate .
24 . R X Kt Q X Q
25 . Kt —R 7 ch K— B 2
26 . R P X Q R— R I
27 . Kt — Kt 5 ch K—B 3
28 . P — B 4 Resigns
51 . An oth er example of this
82 T HE F O RC E OF T HE
ca nnot be br ok en f
o , s ince in a ll s u ch cas es t ha t m ea ns
22. T HE F OR C E O F T HE T H REATE NE D
A TTA C K
P— K 4 P— K 3
. P —
Q4 P— Q 4
Kt — QB 3 P X P
K t >< P Kt —Q 2
Kt — K B 3 K Kt -
B 3
. K t X Kt ch Kt X Kt
Kt — K 5
Th i s
move was fir st shown to me by the talented
Venezuelan amateur M Ayala The Object is t o
,
. .
84 T HE F O RC E OF T H E
mend it .
7 B— Q s
— B
8 .
Q 3
9 . P— B 3 0 — 0
10 . B — K Kt 5 B — K 2
II . B— Q 3 Kt — K I
—
would play Q R 3 and Black would be forced to
,
.
—
Q R 3 P — K B 4
—
13 . B >< B Q X B
14 . 0 — 0 R— B 3
15 . K R—K I Kt —Q 3
16 . R —K 2 B —Q 2
86 T HE F O RC E OF T HE
17 .
QR — K I R —K I
I 8 . P — QB4 Kt — B 2
Kt 4 ; 2 1 Q — Kt 4 R X B ; 2 2 P K R 4 P
, ,
K R 4 ; 23 2 4 R >< R c h K R 2 ; ,
-
b e seen .
19 . P— Q 5 ! Kt X K t
20 . R t P — K Kt 3
21 .
—
Q R 4 K — Kt 2
m .
—
Q Q 4 P — B 4
23 .
—
:Q B 3 P — Kt 3
t o act.
24 . PX P B—B I
25 . B — K 2 !
28 Q K3 . R K2
If B 5; 9 Q
2 — K —
R 3 P K R 4; ,
30
—
Q R 4 ,
R —K 2 ; 3 1 Q — Kt
5, K
— Kt 2 ;
32 P — K R 4, Q —
Q 2 ; 33 P — K Kt
to play R x B winning ,
.
29 .
—
Q R 6 K — Kt r
30 . P — K R 4 P — R 3
3 1 . P—R 5 P— B 5
3 2 . P >< P P X P
33 R X B . Resigns .
13 B —R 6 K t —B 4
—Q
.
14 . R 2 R —Kt I
I 5 . Kt — Q I R —K t 5
TO force White to play P Q B 4 and thus create a ,
16 P QB4 .
17 BXR .
18 Kt K3 .
Kt K B 3 was b etter .
I8 . Kt Q 5
19 Q Q I . P QB4
In order to prevent R X Kt giving b ack the exchang e ,
20 . P —Q Kt 3 R —K t r
l
A hole in ch e ss pa rlance h as co me t o me an a d e fe ct in P awn
“
h ol es at K B 3 a nd K R 3 w h e re Wh i t e fo r ce s e g a Kt o r B
”
, ,
. .
,
due ent irely to the fact that the sacri fi ce of the exchan g e ,
21 .
—B
Kt 3
22 . PXP
an undoubted advantage .
23 . Kt —B I P — B 5
24 . Kt t B P X Kt
25 .
—
Q R 5 B — Kt 2
26 . R —K I P— B 4
27 P—B 3
. R —K I
28 . R (Q 2 —
) K 2 R —K 3
Now the Black Rook enters into the game but White ,
P —Q Kt 4 !
R >< P
R —KR 3
R X P ch
R >< P
K — B 3
R -
R 5 ch
R —R 4
R x P
P —R 4 ch
R —B 5 ch
P —Kt 4
treated separately .
24 . C U TTING O FF P IE C E S F R O M THE S C E NE
O F A C T IO N
1 . P —K 4 P —K 4
2 Kt —K B 3 Kt —Q B 3
—B 3
.
3 . Kt —B 3 Kt
4 . B — Kt 5 B — Kt 5
5 . 0 — 0 0 — 0
6 . B X Kt
Q P x B
96 C UTT IN G OFF P IE C E S F R O M
7 P —Q s B —Q 3
Of the Q Kt tO K B 5 via K 2 a nd K Kt 3 or Q I a nd
K 3 Then .
,
if possi ble , the
K Kt is linked with the
other Kt by placing it at either K R 4 K Kt 3 o r K 3 , ,
8 . P —K R 3
9 . B —R 4 P -
B 4
1
Se e ga me C a p ablan ca Kupchi ck f ro m H ava na Int e rna t ional
-
,
in t h e C a rl sb a d T o u rn a m e n t o f 1 9 1 1 Vid m a r pl a yi ng B l a c k a ga i ns t
,
Al e c hin .
2
Se e Nie m z o wit ch g a me in t h e All R u ssi an M a s t e rs To u m a
’
s
m e nt 1 9 1 4 a t St P e t e rs b u rg a gai ns t Le vit z ki I b e li e ve
, ,
.
, ,
.
3
Se e C a p a bl anc a J a no w s ki g a m e Ne w Y o r k M as t e rs To u rna
-
,
m e nt , 1 913 .
98 C UTT ING OFF P IE C E S F R O M
as b e seen .
Kt t ch
B — Kt 3
P —
K R 3
Q >< B
P >< Q
such a game .
T HE S CE N E OF AC T I O N 99
I6 . K — Kt 2 P— Q R 4
17 P —Q R 4 K —B 2
R —R
.
I8 . I K —K 3
19 . P —R 4 K R — Q Kt I
20 . P >< P R P >< P
21 P — Kt 3 P —B 3
—
.
22 . R QR 2 P — Kt 4
23 . K R — R I P—B 5
immediately by R Kt 5 after P x B P , .
24 . R P X P P X P ( Kt 6)
25 . B P >< P R >< P
26 . R —R 4 R X P
2 7 . P —Q 4 R — Kt 4
28 . R —B 4 R —K t 5
29 . R X B P R X P
Resigns
25 . A P L AY ER S M O TIVE S C R ITI C I S E D IN A
’
S P E C IM E N GA M E
N ow that a few of my games wi th my own notes
have been given I o ff er for close perusal and stu dy
,
—
Chess Club in the winter o f 1 9 1 9 1 92 0 It has the .
1 00 A P LAYE R S M O TIVE S CRI T ICI S ED
’
Exam pl e 55 . Queen s ’
G amb it Declined .
( Th e
not es wit h in br a ck e ts by S ir Ge or g e Th om as Wh ite .
)
Mr . F F
. . L Al exander Black : S ir G eorge Th omas
. . .
I - P -
Q 4 P —Q 4
2 . Kt — K B 3 Kt — K B 3
3 . P —B 4 P —K 3
4 Kt —B 3 Q Kt — Q 2
—B 3
.
5 . B — Kt 5 P
6 . P -K 3 —
Q R 4
b y P x P But 7 Kt .
Q 2 is probably a stron g way
10 2 A P LAYE R ’
S M OT IVE S CRI T ICI S ED
violent attack against the King This is a turnin g .
13 .
14 . P —K 4
I 5 . P — Q 5
1 7 Kt X B Q x
,
Kt ; 1 8 B X P ch This woul d have .
15 .
—
Q B 2
16 . B —Q 3
( Th is seems wrong as it makes the development O
, f
Black s Queen wing easier At p rese n t he ca nn ot
’
.
by B s) .
I6 . P — Q Kt 3
I 7 P —B 4 B — Kt 2
—B
.
I8 . K R 1
18 B —K 2
—B
.
19 . R z B —B 4
20 .
—
Q Kt a P —B 3
2L Q R — K M Q R — Q I
n . R —Q R 4 B—R 3
Q123 . R
23 . K R K I
24 Q Kt 3 .
106 A P LAYE R S M OTIVE S CRI T ICI S E D
’
w . KPX P
28 . P —Kt 3
B —B I
B —B 4
R —K 5
—
Q B I
P —K Kt 4
IN A SP E CIM E N GAM E 19 7
35 . R —K B I P — Kt 5
w - B—Q s
37 . Kt —K 2
o n White s Rook
’
White the refo re p rotects his Rook )
. .
If Kt B 4 P — K
—
39 Kt >< P
,
R X Kt ch ; ,
4 0 R >< R B — ,
K 5 4 1 B X B best R X R and , ,
39. .
Q — R 6 ch I leave the var i ations for the
student t o work o u t .
3 8 R.
( K t 2 ) —K t 1 Q — R 3
39 .
Q -
B 2
39
—
Q R 6 ch
—R
.
40 . K I R X P '!
( If R 3; 4 1 K t
- —K t 1 Q >< K t P ; 4 2 Q ,
“ .
Q X R
C HA P TE R V
1 10
—
END GAM E ST RA TE G Y 1 I1
Incidentally I might call attention to the fact that
,
26 . T HE S UDD EN A TT A C K F R O M A
D IFFE R EN T S ID E
I have previously stated when speakin g ab out
,
Exam ple 5 6 .
112 THE S U DD E N ATT AC K
In the a b ove position I with the Black , p ieces ,
p la y ed :
I . R —K 5 ch
2 . R —K 2 R —Q R 5
3 . R —R 2 P —K R 4
4 . R —Q I R (Q 4 ) -
Q R 4
5 . R (Q ) I -
R I P —R 5
6 . K Q 2 K Kt 2
7 . K B 2 R K Kt 4
8 R K Kt I.
answered 8 R ( R 5) R 4 ; 9
. . P —B 3 and Black -
,
R —K B 5
1 14 T HE SUDD E N A TTAC K
proper course as in the previous endin g is t o b rin g
, ,
If h e h as a wea k p oin t ,
tr y t o m a k e it wea k er , or cr e a t e
4 . K—B I K —B I
Kt 4 ch f ollowed by K
,
K 2 would leave Black in ,
a ve ry disagreeable position If 4 P K B 4 ; 5 R . . .
FROM A DI FFE RE N T S ID E 11
5
Q 4 ! R X R? 6 P X R, R X P ; 7 K — B 2, R —K 2 ;
8 R —Q R winnin g the Q R
4, would prac P , which
tically leave White with a passed Pawn ahead on the
Queen s side as the three Pawns Of Black on the
’
,
5 . K—K 2 K—K 2
6 . R—Q R 4 R —Q R I
7 . R —R 5 !
r P —Q 4
8 . P —Q B 4 ! K —Q 3
9 R —K 4 K — Q 3;
, I O P — Q Kt 4 ! R — K 4;
I I R R 6 and Black s g ame is hopeless
,
’
.
9 . P —B 5 ch K—Q 2
m . P —Q 4 P —B 4
I 16 T HE SUDD E N ATTAC K
Apparently ve ry strong si n ce it forces the exchan ge
,
R —K K I .
I I . R X R P X R
m . P—B 4
or Q B P .
12 . K —B I
m . K —Q 2
. I3 R
t inu a t io n a n d if then 1 3
,
R —K t I ; 1 4 P — K t 3
. .
,
K —K t 2 ; I 5 P —K t 4 K —R 1 ; I 6 R — Q Kt 3 , ,
w on g ame .
13 K Kt 2
28 . P — Kt 5
ri g ht move was 2 8 R — Kt 7 .
28 R PX P
” . P X P R —B I !
3 0 . R — Kt 7 R —R I c h
3 1 . K — Kt 4 P X P
3 2 . KX P R —R 7
33 . P—B 6 ch K — Kt I
34 . R X R P R — K t 7 ch
35 . K—R 5 R —R 7 ch
36 . K — Kt 4 R X P
y . R —K 7 R X P
P—R 6 ! R X P ch
K — Kt 5 R —Q 8
P —R 7 R — Kt 8 ch
K—B 5 R —B 8 m
K—Q 4 R—Q 8 ch
K —K 5 R —K 8 m
K—B 6 R —K R S
R — K 8 ch K—R 2
P—R 8 ( Q) R >< Q
R X R K — Kt 3
K >< P K >< P
K X P K —B 4
K—K 5 Resign s .
27 . THE D ANGER OF A S A F E P O S IT I O N
Exam m e A
58g ood .proof o f the previous state
how it happened .
1 . P —Kt 4 R X R P
122 END IN G S WIT H ONE
R X P ; 8 R X R, K X R ; 9 R —R 8 Ch , K —Kt 3 ;
10 P —R 5 mate .
28 . E ND IN G S W IT H O N E R OO K A N D PAWN S
The reader has probably realised by this time that
en dings o f t wo Rooks and Pawns are very diffi cul t ,
and that the same holds true for endings o f one Rook
and Pawns E ndin g s o f two Rooks and Pawns are
.
Exam ple 59 .
R OO K AND P AWN S 1 23
1 . P —B 6 R —Q 3!
( )
a 2 . P—B 7 R—Q I !
3 . R _R 5 m K—B 5
( b) 2 R —B 7 ch K—Q 5 !
—B
.
3 . P 7 R — Kt 3 ch !
4 K B I .
5 R Kt 7.
them .
( )
a 1 . R — Kt 3 ch
2 . K —B 3 R —B 3 ch
3 . K —K 3 R —K 3 ch
R — R 4 ch followed b y
,
R — K B 4 w ins .
4 . K —Q 3 R —K B 3
I f R —Q 3 ch ; K —K 4 wins .
5 . R -
R 5 ch K moves
6 . R R 6 wins
( b) I . R —B 3
2 . R -
Kt 7 ! K —B 5
I f P K t 6 ; R Kt 3 and White will either capture
,
endin g .
1 26 END ING S WIT H ONE
with ease .
R —K 3 P — Kt 7 ( b e st )
R Q Kt 3 RXP
R X P R —K R 2
. R —Q 2 R X P
K —K 3
29
. A D IFF I C UL T E ND IN G : T WO
R OO KS A N D PAWN S
ment o f 1 9 1 0 .
1 28 A D I FF IC UL T E ND ING :
Q R—K I
at b ay .
2 . R —Q 4
9 . P—K R 4 ! P — Kt 5
m . K—K 2
T WO R OOKS AND P AWN S 131
P X P ch
II . K X P R ( 3)
B -
B 2
m . K—K 2
dr awin g .
12 . K —Q 3
I3 . P — Kt 4 R — Q Kt 2
P — K t 5 a fter B l ac k s K — Q 3 ’
°
m . P —R S
R 5 , R —K t 7 c h ; I 6 K — Q 3 , R — K R 7 ; 1 7 R X P ,
R X R ; 1 8 R X R , R X P ; 1 9 R — R 6, wit h winning
chances .
P —R 3
, ,
R X P; I 7 R X P ,
R —K 6!
I5 . P —K B 4 R — Kt 2
I6 . K —Q 3 R (K Kt 2 ) -
K 2
1 7 . R—R I R — Kt 2
18 . K —Q 4 R — Kt 7
( —
) R — Kt
19 . R R 6 2 R ( t
K 2 ) 2
dent t o w or k this o u t ) .
m . K —Q 3 !
fl . R X R
1 34 A D I FF IC UL T E NDIN G :
P — Q 4 and,
fi n ally P — K 5 o r P — K Kt 5 thus , ,
1 . P — K Kt 4
P Q Kt 3
p r events it .
2 . P —Kt 4 ! K — Kt 2
danger lurks .
3 . K—B 2 P —Q Kt 4
4 . P —Q R 4 ! R —Q s
5 . R —Q Kt I R —K 4
He stil l wants to play P — Q B 4 but as it is easy ,
6 . K —K 3 R —Q 2
7 . P —R 5
R—K 3
8 . R ( Kt ) —K B 1 R —
(Q ) K
2 2
9 . P —K t 5 PX P
10 . R X P
136 A DI FF IC UL T E NDIN G :
m . R—R 3
11 . R — Kt 3 R (R 3) — K 3
12 . P —R 4 P —K t 3
13 . R —K t 5 P —R 3
138 R OOK B I S H OP AN D P AWN S
,
v
.
m . K —Q 2
2 f I QP X P
fi . P —Q 5
that is that the winnin g Side has always had a gen eral
strategical plan capable o f being carr ied o u t with the
means at his di sposal whil e o f ten the lo sing side had
,
30. R OO K , B S H O P I AN D PAWN S v
. R OO K ,
K NI GH T A N D PAWN S
R — Kt I
2 . P — Kt 3 R — Kt 4
3 . P —B 4 R —K R 4
4 . K — Kt I P —B 4
5 . Kt —Q 2 K —B 2
6 . R —B 1 ch
This check accomp lishes nothin g I t merely d ri ves .
best move .
6 . K—K 2
7 . P—Q R 3 R —R 3
8 . P —K R 4 R —R 3
14 2 R OO K B I S H O P
,
AND P AWN S
Kt — R 4 P —B 5
’
25 .
26 . Kt X P P —B 6
2 7 . Kt —K 4 eh K —B 5
3 0 . P —B 5 P — Kt 6
3 1 . Kt —B
~
4 K — Kt 6
3 2 . Kt — K 3 P — Kt 7
g ames .
b e avoided .
. P—K 4
. I fi— K B 3
B — Ki 5
B—R 4
O — O
. P—Q 4
B — K ug
. P X P
P —B 3
. R —K I
. B —B 2
.
Q KL — Q z
Kt — K t 3 Kt — K 3
F R O M A R UY L OPEZ 14 7
14 Q Q3 . P Kt 3
Let us suppose the game went o n a nd that in some ,
Ex am pl e 66 .
1 50 S O M E P O SS I B L E D E VE L OP M EN T S
Black would now be forced to play R B I an d ,
33 . T HE IN F L U E N C E O F A H O LE
at Wh i te s K 5
’
.
TH E IN FL UENCE OF A “
HO LE ”
151
Example 67 .
— In order to further illustrate this
point ,I no w give a g ame played in the Havana Inter
national Masters Tournament o f 1 9 1 3 ( Queen s .
’
A Kupchick
. .
1 . P— Q4 P — Q 4
2 . P— Q B 4 P— K 3
Kt — Q B 3 Kt — K B 3
3 .
4 . B — Kt 5 B— K 2
5 . P — K 3 Q Kt — Q 2
6 B — Q P X P
.
3
7 . B X P Kt — Kt 3
—
by P Q B 4 is mo r e reasonab le F or a beautiful
,
.
burg Tournament O f 1 9 1 4 .
8 B Q3 .
9 B >< B , Q x B .
8 . K Kt — Q 4
9 . BX B Q X B
10 . Kt —B 3
1 52 TH E INF L UE NC E OF A HO LE
Had White s Bishop been at Q Kt 3 he coul d now play
’
o f K t — K B 5 threatening no t o n ly the K Kt P
, ,
m . O—O
n . O — O B — Q 2
m . R — B I
followed b y R X P .
12 . P QB3
The fact that Black is practically f orced to make
this m o ve i n order to avoid the loss O f a Pawn is suffi
cient reason in itsel f to condemn the whole system
of development on Black s part In e ffect he plays
’
.
,
15 . R — Kt I
16 —K I
. R R—B 3
I7 —
Q B3
. R—R 3
18 —
Q Kt 3
. R —B I
19 . P—B 3
20 . P — Q R 3
21 . P—R 3
21 . P — Kt 4
22 . P —K 4 P—B 5
23 .
—
Q B 2 Kt — K 6
24 . R X Kt
with this sacr ifi ce o f the Rook for a Kn ight and Pa wn
Wh ite Obtains an overwhelmin g position .
24 . R P X
25 Q X
. P K t B I
Kt Q 2 was b etter in order to get rid Of o ne O f the
Kt ( B 5 ) X K t B X Kt ; Q; K t — B 7 ch ,
,
29 . Kt —B 6 Kt — Kt 3
This wanderin g Knight has done nothin g through out
the g ame .
3 0 Kt B
( 5) — K
.
4 P — K R 3
31 . P— K R 4 Kt —Q 4
32 .
—
Q Q 2 R — Kt 3
33 . PXP —
Q B I
If P X P ; K — B 2, and Black would b e helpless .
34 . P —B 4 Kt —K 2
35 . P — K Kt 4 PXP
PXP 36 . Resigns .
K Kt 2 ; B X P .
Q B S :
( Match , )
1 90 9
F .
J Marshal
. l . Black : J R Capab lanca
. . .
1 . P — Q4 P— Q 4
— P — K 3
2 . P QB4
3 . Kt — Q B 3 Kt — K B 3
4 . B — Kt 5 B—K 2
5 . P— K 3 Kt — K 5
159
1 60 G AM E 1
6 . B >< B
r B— Q s
K t X Kt
Kt —Q 2
Kt — B 3 —
'
9 . O O
N O longer would 9 . . P X P ; 1 0 B X P P — Q Kt 3 ,
b e good because 1 1 B
, Kt 5 would prevent B Kt 2
on account Of Kt K 5 .
1 62 GAM E 1
wo ul d lose as well .
17 B B 5 . KR B 1
F rom b ad to worse Kt B 3 Offered the only hope
. .
BX 18 . Kt QXB
19 P . R6 B B3
20 P . P PxP
21 QX . P Q R Kt I
T he g ame was lost . O ne move was as g ood a s another .
22 . RXR RXR
23 . Kt — K 5 —
Q B 4
24 . P— K B 4 R — Kt 3
25 .
Q X R! Resigns .
QUEE N S G AM B I T D E CLIN ED
'
’
1 63
Of course if 2 5 Kt X B
,
—K t 8 ch would have ,
R
drawn The text move is pretty a n d fi nishes quickly
. .
GA M E 2 .
Q UEE N
’
S GA M BIT D E C L IN ED
( Sa n S ebastia n ,
1 91 1 )
A K Rubinstein
. . . Black : J R Capablanca . . .
1 . P— Q 4 P— Q 4
2 . Kt — K B 3 P— Q B 4
3 . P—B 4 P — K 3
4 . P ><QP K P >< P
5 . Kt — B 3 Kt — B Q 3
6 . P K Kt 3 B— K 3
7 . B — Kt 2 B— K 2
— R— B
i
8 . 0 0 I
P >< P
. Kt — K Kt 5
. Kt X B
. B — R 3
B — Kt 5
order to get the Rook away from the line o f the B ishop
at R 3 and at the same time to support the Q P Inci .
16 . K — Kt 2 !
Q X R Q X Q B X P ch,
wins ) K t — K t 5; ,
18 P — K R 3 ( i f Kt — R 3 B X P ch wi n s the ex ,
change ) K t X P ; 1 9 R X Kt B X R ch ; 2 0 K X B
, , ,
—
QR Q I
— B
Q I !
.
Q x B
Q — K t s
.
—
Q Q s
. P x Q
B — Kt 4
K R— K I I f then Kt — B 7 ; R X R ch R X R ;
.
,
R — — —
Q B I R K 7 ; K B I Kt
,
— Q 5 ( if R — Q7; ,
B — K 6 ch K B I ; B X P w ou d
,
l-
w in ); R — B 8 ch ,
K — B 2 ; R — B 7 ch R — K 2 ; R —B 5 wi ns ,
.
QUEEN S GAM B IT D E CL INED
’
1 67
R — Q 3
K R — K I R X R
—
R X R R Q Kt 3
R — K 5 R x P
. R X P Kt — B 3
B—K 6 ch K — B I
. R B — 5 ch K— K I
B— B 7 ch K— Q 2
B— B 4
P —Q R 3
K— Q 3 . I f then R — Q Kt 5 R X R ; B X R
, ,
how this is so ) .
3 1 R — B
.
7 ch K — Q3
3 2 . R X K Kt P P — Kt 4
33 . B — Kt 8 P —
QR 4
34 . RXP P R5
35 . P R4 P Kt 5
36 . R — R 6 eh K — B 4
37 . R— R 5 ch K — Kt 3
N .
Q s B—
3 8 . P — Kt 6
Io . P— K R 3 B— R 4
11 . P X P P X P
12 . Kt —K 4
IRRE GUL AR D E FE NC E 1 71
Kt X Kt
A very serious mistake I considered castlin g which
.
,
that by playin g 1 3 B X Kt P X B ; 1 4 K t — Kt 3 , ,
the other .
13 . B X B
14 . B X Kt
— Kt — K 3
15 Q B 4
16 P— Q Kt 4 Q— B 2
1 7 B X B R P X B
1 72 GAM E 3
19 . R—Q 3
19 .
Q R —Q I
20 .
—
QR Q I P — K Kt 4
Th i s move is preparatory to P K Kt 3 ,
which woul d
1 74 G AM E 4
24 P X P
25 .
Q X P ch K —K 3
26 .
Q — Kt 4 ch K —B 3
27 .
Q — Kt
5 ch K — K 3
28 .
QXP —
Q Q3
29 P— B S —
Q Q4
30 . P — K 4 !
—
Q Q 8 ch
3 1 . K—R 2 P — B 3
— Kt 4 c h ! K — K 2
32 .
Q
33 . Kt X P Q QX
34 . Kt X Q Kt — K 3
35 . P — K 5 P X P
36 . Kt X P Kt —Q 5
GAM E 4 . F R EN C H D E F E N C E
( S t Petersbu r g
.
,
1 91 3 )
White : J R Capablanca Black : E A
. . . . . SnO Sk O -
Borovski .
I . P — Q 4 P— K 3
2 . P— K 4 P— Q4
3 . Kt —Q B 3 Kt — K B 3
4 . B — Kt 5 B — Kt 5
games .
5 P X P .
Q X P
l ar
’
occu rre n ce on t he Q u een s s id e .
6 . B X Kt B X Kt Ch
7 . P X B P X B
8 . Kt — B 3 P— Q Kt 3
9
—
Q Q z
IO . B — K 2
11 . P — B 4
—0—0
O — O — O
K R — Kt r
—
Q Q R 4
19 . K R—K I
20 . B X B K X B
21 . P —
Q B 5! P — B 3
White threatene d P —B 6 ch .
22 . Kt — B 3 —
Q B 1
23 . Kt Q 2?
Kt — K 4
—
or Kt Kt would have brought a b out
3
an ending advantageous to White .
24 . K t — Kt 3
25 . Kt — R 5 ch K— R I
Kt —
26 . P X P Q4
2 7 .
—
Q Q 4 R — B 1
If R — Kt 1 ; 28 Kt X P , R ( Kt 1 ) —B 1 ; 29 Kt X
P w ould win .
28 . P — B 4
—
Q Kt I
P X Kt
P—Q 6
P—Q r
K — Kt I
Kt — Kt 3
35 . R X P
2 8 I played P
, B 4 The student can find out what
.
R X K R P ( of course if R X B P P — Q 8 wins) ; ,
182 G AM E 5
4 .
Q P X B
5 . P— Q 4 P X P
o P Q Q
X
7 . Kt X Q B — Q 3
8 . Kt — QB 3 Kt — K 2
u a lit ie s
,
in order to g o t o K Kt 3 There is .
R UY L O P EZ 1 83
9 . O O O O
10 . P B 4
s till
. It leaves the K P weak unless it advances to ,
Kt by B Q B 4 .
R —K I
Best .
—
It threatens B B 4 ; B — K 3 , Kt —Q 4 .
11 . Kt — Kt 3 P — B 3
Preparatory to P Q Kt 3 followed b y P — Q B 4 ,
12 P — B 5 .
1 84 G AM E 5
12 . P — Q Kt 3
13 . B —B 4
B — Kt 2
ing variation : X B; 4 RX B
1 P — B 4 ; ,
15 Q R — Q I B — Kt 2 ; I 6 R — B 2 Q R — Q 1 ;
, ,
17 R X R, R X R ; I8 R —Q 2, R X R ; 19 Kt X R ,
and he claims that Wh ite has the b est o f it But .
,
— —
1 8 Kt Q 5 B X Kt ; 1 9 P X B P Q Kt 4 ; and a
, ,
Again — B 8 R — B P — Q 4;
Q 2 .
, 4 ; 1 2 ,
1 9 P X P B X P ; 2 O K t >< B ( best s in c e if R ( B 2 )
, ,
Q 2 B X
,
Kt give Black the advantage ) R X Kt ; ,
17 . Kt B I
18 . R — B 2 P— Q Kt 4
RUY L OPEZ 18 7
19 . KR — Q2 R —
(Q ) K 2 2
20 . P — Q Kt 4 K— B 2
21 . P—Q R 3 B — R I
. K—B 2 R—R 2
P — Kt 4 P—R 3
R — Q 3 P— Q R 4
P — K R 4 PX P
P X P R (R 2 —
) K 2
27 . K—B 3 R — Kt I
28 . K — B 4 P — Kt 3
perf ect .
R — Kt 3 P — Kt 4 ch
K —B 3 Kt — Kt 3
P X P R P X P
R—R 3 R —
Q 2
K — Kt 3 ! K — K I
Q R— K R I B — Kt 2
P—K 5 Q P X P
Kt — K 4 Kt — Q 4
Kt ( K 6) —B 5 B— B I
Kt X R B X Kt
R — R 7 R— B I
R—R I K — Q I
R — R 8 ch B—B I
Kt B 5 Resig ns .
1 90 GAM E 6
9 . B —B I P —Q B 4
. B— Q 3
Kt — K 2
. O — O
B X Kt
Q X P
15 . R —Q 1
15 . P — K Kt 3
16 . P— B 4 K — Kt z
I 7 . B—K 3
o n the defensive .
1 7 . Kt —K z
18 . B—B 2 Kt — Q 4
fo r Blac k strategically .
1 92 GAM E 6
19 . R —Q 3 B —Q 2
20 . Kt—Q 4 QR — QB I
21 . R — Kt 3 K —R 2
22 . P — KR 4 K R — Kt I
23 . P — R 5 Q — Kt
5
c ircumstances .
24 . R — R 3
24 . P — B 4
29 .
QR -
K Kt I
3 0 . P — Kt 3 B—B 3
3 1 . R —Q I K — R 4
Wh ite who has the upper hand and Black who has ,
3 2 . R—Q 6 B — K 5
b est play
.
33 .
Q X B P Kt — Q4
34 . R X R K X R
Kt X Q ; R X R Kt X P was no better
,
.
35 .
—
Q K 5 K—B 2
36 P—B 4 R —K I
37 .
—
Q Kt 2 Kt — B 3
38 . B — Q4 R — K R I
39 .
—
Q Kt 5 R — R 8 ch
m . K—B 2 P—R 3
4 1 .
—
Q Kt 6 R— R 7 Ch
42 . K —K I Kt — Q 2
— —
43 Q Q 6 B B S
44 . P — Kt 4 P X P
45 . P — K B 5 R — R 8 ch
46 . K— Q 2 K — K I
47 . P— B 6 R -
R 2
48 .
—
Q K 6 ch K— B I
49 . B -
K 3 R — B 2
50 . B —R 6 ch K — Kt I
1 96 GAM E 6
ch K — R Q — R R P B
5 Q
1 X P ,
2 ; 5 2 5 X ; 53 ,
K t 5 ch K — K t 2 ; 5 4 B X R ch K X B ; and wh ile ,
,
the reader does not believe it let him take the White ,
5 1 . B — Kt 7 P — Kt 6
5 2 . K — K 2 P — Kt 7
53 . K — B 2 Kt — R I
54 .
—
Q Kt 4 Kt — Q 2
55 . K — Kt r P—R 4
56 . P— R 4 B X P
57 .
—
Q R 3 R X P
58 . E X R Kt X B
59 .
Q X P ch K — B I
60 .
Q X P
missed none .
1 98 G AM E 7
Q B 4 does
,
not b loc k the Q B .
13 Kt —. K 3 R — K I
14 0 — .0 —
Q K2
Th i s i s b a dBlack s game w as already not good
’
. .
15 .
Q5Kt B X Kt
16 PXB . Kt Kt 1
in order t o bring it to Q 2 t o support the other Kni g ht
,
17 P — Q
. R 4 P — K t s
Q K t Q 2 in
, ! order to make hi s position more so li d .
R UY L OP EZ 1 99
18 . P X P E X P
19 . B X Kt Q X B
20 .
Q — K 4 B— Q 3
21 .
Q X P Ch K—B I
With a Pawn more and all his pieces ready for action ,
22 . Kt — R 4 Q — R
3
threatened Q — R 8 ch followed b y Kt — B 5 ch an d
Q X P.
200 GAM E 7
23 .
QXQ :
PX Q
24 Kt — B 5 P —K R 4
—Q
.
25 . B — Q I Kt 2
26 . B X P Kt —B 3
27 . B — K 2 Kt X P
28 . K R—Q I Kt — B 5
29 . B—B 4 K R— Q I
3 0 . P—R 4 P —R
~
31 . P — K Kt 3 Kt —K 3
32 . B X Kt P X B
33 . Kt — K 3 K R — Kt I
34 . Kt — B 4 K — K 2
35 .
Q R— B 1 R —R 2
—
threatened Kt X B foll owed b y R B , 7 Ch .
36 . R —K 1 K— B 3 ,
37 . R— K 4 R — Kt 5
38 . P — Kt 4 R— R 3
39 . R —B 3 B—B 4
40 . R — B 3 ch K — Kt z
4 1 . P — Kt 3 B— Q 5
42 . K — Kt z R — R I
20 2 GAM E 8
—
Q B 3
11 Kt R 3.
P —Q 3
12 . B Q3 Kt Q 5
13 B — K 3 .
13 . B — Kt 5
R X B; 15 P -
QB 3, B X P ; 16 P X B, R — K Kt 5;
I7 Q — K 3 ( b est ) Q X P ch ; 1 8 B — B,
2 QX Q; ,
14 . Kt — Kt 5! R X B
15 .
Q X B ! Kt — K 7 ch
2 04 GAME 8
B X Kt ! R X B
Kt —K 4 ! R X Kt
Q X R —
Q Kt 4 ch
P— K B 4 —
Q Kt 4
P—B 3 B—B 4
K R — K I —
Q B 3
R—Q S
side .
29 K Kt 1 .R Q1
30 . R — Q I P—B 4
3 1 .
Q — R
3
—
Q R s
Th i s g ain s time b y attacking the Roo k and holdin g
the White Q at R 3 for the moment on account o f ,
3 2 . R (K 2 ) —
Q 2 —
Q K 5 ch
33 . K— R I P — Q Kt 4
th reatenin g P Kt 5 ; which would open the line
of action o f the Bishop and also secure a passed Pawn .
34
—
Q Kt Q — R
. 2
S
take o n account O f Q X R ch .
C EN T RE GAM E 207
35 . K — Kt I P — Kt 5
b est play The variations are num erous and d iffi cult
. .
36 . P X P Q X P
3 7 R X P because O f R X R ; 3 8 R X R B X P ; ,
— —
Q R S!
37 . P Q R 3
3 8 . R X P R — Q Kt I
39 . R I —
(Q ) Q 2 P -
B s
— Kt R — Kt 6
40 .
Q 3
M .
Q ~
Q 6
20 8 G AM E 8
P — B 6
42 . R—Q B 2
43 . R—Q s
M . R*Q I
Resi gns
Of course Wh i te must p lay Q Q 2, an d B l ack th en
plays R X P .
2 10 G AM E 9
14 . K R — Q I Kt X B
15 . Kt X Kt P — Kt 4
16 . R X R Qx R
17 . Kt — B 3 —
Q B5
Black aims at the exchan g e o f Queens in order t o
remain with t wo Bishops for the ending b ut in this ,
18 . Kt — Q 4
No t , o f course R Q 4 b ecause o f Q X Q ; Kt X Q
, , ,
18 .
19 . Kt (B 3) X Q !
Notice t h e or dination o f the Kni g hts moves ’
co - .
R — B I
QUEEN S GAM B I T D E CLIN ED
’
211
next move .
20 . Kt —B 5! K—B I
—Q 1 ; 21 Kt —
Q ,
6 R — B 2 ; 22 Kt X B ,
R X Kt ; 23 B X Kt , B X B ; 24 R X P, R —B 2 ;
2 5 R — Q and White is a Pawn ahead If 2 0 B
2, . . .
21 . Kt X B K X Kt
22 . Kt —Q 4 P — Kt 3
% . P — B 3!
P — R 3
Kn ight .
Kt —
24 . B X P Q 2
25 P —
. K R4 Kt B -
4
26 B— B 4
. Kt — K 3
31 . K —B 2
31 . P —Q 5
3 2 . P X P K— Q 4
33 . K— K 3 B — K 3
34 . K—Q 3 K — B s
35 . P— Q R 3 B — B 5 ch
36 . K — K 3 B — K3
37 . B—R 6
at Kt 7,
where it not only protects the Q P b ut in di ,
re c t ly also the Q Kt P .
38 . B Kt 7 Resig ns .
GA M E 10 . P ET R O FF D E F E N C E
( S t Petersburg
.
,
1 91 4 )
J R Capablanca
. . . Black : F .
J.Marshall .
1 . P— K 4 P— K 4
2 . Kt — K B 3 Kt — K B 3
3 . Kt X P P— Q 3
4 . Kt — KB 3 Kt X P
5 Q
—
. K 2 —
Q K 2
6 P —
.
Q3 Kt — KB 3
7 . B — Kt 5
2 16 GAM E 10
B—K 3
Kt B3
B X Kt
- P— Q 4
Q Kt 5
B Q3 !
14 .
Q X P Q R — Kt
I
I5 .
Q — K 4 —
Q Kt z
16 . P —
Q Kt 3 P— Q B 4
O —O P X P
1 7 .
18 . Kt — Q 5!
A simple move which destroys Black s plan utterly
,
’
,
lo se them .
P ET R O F F D E FENC E 2 19
T he fact
that he has to exchan g e Queens when he
a Pawn be h ind shows that Black s g ame is lost ’
,
2L Kt B X Kt
22 . B X B B— B 3
23 .
QR — Q I B X Kt
24 . R X B K — Kt 2
25 . B— B 4 R — Kt 3
26 . R— K I K—B 3
27 P — B 4 Kt — K
.
3
28 . P X P ch P X P
29 . R — B I ch K— K 2
3 0 . R — Kt 4 R — K Kt I
3 1 . R—B 5 R — B 3
3 2 . P— K R 4 K R —
QB I
P X P R — B 4
33 .
34 . B X Kt P X B
35 . R X R R X R
36 . P — Kt 6 K — B I
R — Q B 4 R —Q R 4
M
2 20 GAM E IO
K — K 5 K Q 2
P Kt 5 K K 2
P — Kt 6 K B 1
K X P K K 1
P — Kt 7 R X P
P — R 7 R — Kt 3 ch
Bj 5 Resigns
’
K - .
222 GAM E 11
Kt —R 3
cu m s t an ce s
,
was the best Since after it he could at
,
11 . R — Kt I ! P—B 3
12 . P — Kt 4 Kt — B 2
13 . P— Q R 4 B X Kt
14 . RXB
T a k ing with the Pawn would have opened a possi
b ilit y for a co unter attack .
P— Q Kt 3
15 P .Kt 5 BPXP
16 . P X P P— Q R 4
17 . Kt — Q 5
—
Q B
18 . P — B 4
18 . Kt — Kt 4
19 . R— B 2 Kt -
K 3
20 .
Q — B
3 R— Q 2
Ha d Wh i te o n h is 1 9t h move play ed K R B I in
stead o f R B 2 Black coul d h ave p layed
,
21 . R— Q I K — Kt 2
22 . P — Q4 —
Q Qs
23 . R— B 2 P X P
24 . P X P Kt — B 5
25 . P —B 5 K t X Kt
26 . P X Kt Q X Q P
27 . P— B 6 ch K — Kt I
28 . P x R
29 . P — Q 5 R — K I
30 . P — Q 6 P X P
3 1 .
—
Q B 6 Resigns .
2 26 G AM E 12
Q8 .K 2
Q Kt 3; 9 B — K t 5 ch B —
Q 2 ; 1 0 K,
t — K 5 and
White O b tains a considerable advantag e in position .
8 . O O
9 . B—K Kt 5 P — K R 3
10 B X Kt . BXB
11 .
Q — K 4 P — K Kt 3
12 P — K R 4 .
12 . P —K 4
Thi s is merely giving up a Pawn in order to come
ou t quickly with his Q B But as he does not Obtain
.
F RE NCH D E FE NC E 227
—
thus : I 3 Q B 4 B — Kt 2 ; 1 4 Q X B P B X P ;
, ,
1 5 Kt X B Q X Kt ; 1 6 O
,
O O with considerable
advantage O f position for White The text move .
17 .
QR Q1
18 KR Q1 .
threaten ing P K 6 .
fi . R X R
19 . R X R R— K I
20 . P— B 3 P— Q B 3
Of course if B X P ; Kt Q X Kt ; R ,
K 3 .
21 . R —K 3
M . P— Q B 4
22 . K — B 2 P — Kt 3
23 . P —R 4
23 .
24 . R — Q 3
—
Q K4
2 5 .
m —
. R Q 5
27 . P —B 4
P —K R 5
’
39 . P X P
K Kt 4 would b e answered b y Q B 5,
with a winnin g g ame .
40 . P X P —
Q K 2
41 .
—
Q B5 K — Kt I
i n g Kt Kt 6 ch .
42 . R — Q7 B X P ch
F RE NCH D E FENC E 231
43 K Kt 4 .
Q B 3
Kt X B — Kt 2 ch
44 .
Q
45 . K B 4 Resig ns .
GAM E 13 . R UY L O P EZ
( N ew York ,
1 918 )
Wh i te : J . S . Morrison . B lack : J R
. . C apa b lanca .
1 . P — K 4 P —K 4
2 . Kt — K B 3 Kt —Q B3
3 . B — Kt 5 P— Q3
4 . Kt — B 3 B— Q 2
5 . P — Q4 P X P
6 . Kt X P P — K Kt 3
at S an S ebastian pag e ,
7 . Kt — B 3
8 . B — Kt 5
Of —
course not K Kt K 2 ; because — Q 5 o f Kt .
9 .
—
Q Q 2 P — KR 3
10 . B —K R 4
10 . 0 —0
11 . O O 0
Offensive .
11 . R —K I
2 34 GAM E 13
15 . B — Q 3 B — K 3
16 . P —B 3
his K P t o check at K R 7
, .
I6 . P— B 4 !
In itiating
an attack t o wh ich there is no reply and ,
g ame at Hastin g s ) .
1 7 . P—K R 4 P—B 5
w . PX P! P X P!
, ,
19 . R— R I B—B 2
20 . K — Kt I
20 . Kt — K 4
21 . Kt X Kt R x Kt
It w as diffi cul t to decide which way to retake . l
2 36 G AM E 13
22 . B—R 2 Kt — B 3
23 . P — K Kt 3
3 1 R — K 8 ch
32 R X R R X R ch
K — R 2 B — B 2
33
w K — Kt s P— Q 4
35 . B X P P X P ch
3 6 . K — Kt 4 P -
B 6
37 . P X P R — K 5 ch
38 . P — B 4 R X P Ch
39 . K—R 5 R X B
40 . R —Q 8 eh K — R 2
41 . R —Q 7 B —K 3
Resigns .
A very game .
( N ew York ,
1 91 8 )
F .
J Marshal
. l . Black : J R Capab lanca
. . .
1 P —Q 4 P— Q4
2 . Kt — K B 3 Kt — K B 3
3 . P — B 4 P—K 3
4 . Kt — B 3 Q Kt — Q z
5 . B — Kt 5 B — K 2
6 . P—K 3 0 — 0
7 . R —B I P — B 3
This is one of the oldest systems o f d e fence a g a inst
the Queen s G ambit I had played it before in this
’
.
— B
8 .
Q 2 P X P
Kt —
9 . B X P Q4
10 . B X B Q X B
11 . 0 — 0 Kt X Kt
12 .
Q X Kt P — Q Kt 3
This is the key to this system Of defence Having .
13 P K4 . B Kt 2
14 . K R —K I K R —Q I
O b ta ine d t h e
centre Black o n the oth er h an d i s
.
, ,
15 . P— Q 5 Kt —B 4 !
2 1 Kt
— K 7 ch K — B I ; 22 R — B 7 R — K I
not B X P because P — B would give W hite the
( ; 3
b est Of it ) ; 2 3 R X B ( best ; not Kt Kt 6 ch b e ,
cause O f B P X Kt ; followed b y R X K P ) R X Kt ; ,
24 R — K t 8 ch R K 1 ; 2 5 R X R ch K X R , ,
,
R K 1
22 . P —K 5 P — K Kt 4
Of R X K P .
23 . P — KR 4
23 P X P
24 . R -
K 1
24 .
R — K 3!
O f the threat R — Kt 3 .
25 . R (K I ) —
Q B 1 K — Kt 2
26 . P— Q Kt 4 P — Kt 4
P — R 3
fi . K—B 1
246 G AM E 14
R Q3
Kt — K 7 R —
( Q 3) Q 7
Kt — B 5 ch K B 3
Kt — R 4 K — Kt 4
Kt — B 5 R — Kt 7 ch
K—B I
P — B 4 ch KX BP
ve ry care fu l stu dy .
Uni ve rs it y o f Ca lifo rnia
S O UTHERN REG IO NAL LIBRARY FAC ILITY
3 05 De Ne ve Dri ve Pa rk i ng Lo t 17 0 Bo x 9 5 13 8 8
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Re t urn t h is mate rial t o t h e li b rary from wh ic h it was bo rrowe d .