Tests

Test1
Vocabulary
2 Choose the best answer, a, b, c, or d, to complete the sentences.
1 Most young people today are very interested in their___________ .
a look
b expression
c appearance
d attitude
2 The bank robber managed to _________ from the police for several weeks.
a avoid
b conceal
c hide
d mask
3 Hunters are a threat to the__________ of many wild animals.
a survival
b endurance
c protection
d subsistence
4 The actress wore a dress covered in diamonds so she would _________at the party.
a stand down
b stand out
c stand in
d stand up
5 The octopus _________itself from larger fish by surrounding itself in a cloud of black
ink.
a secures
b harbours
c shelters
d protects
6 Lara found it difficult to live_________ to her parents' expectations.
a up
b in
c down
d out
7 The TV programme gave viewers a very bad _________ of life in the city.
a feeling
b notion
c reaction
d impression
8 Some people find it easier to _________ their feelings in writing rather than on the
telephone.
a pronounce
b propose
c express
d expose
3 Complete the text with the correct form of these phrasal verbs.
stand for • fall behind • drop out of • get ahead • fall over
1 I had so much work last week that I_________ with the arrangements for my party.
2 Jean______________on the first day of her skiing holiday, and broke her leg.
3 If you want____________ in the pop world, you will need a good agent.
4 My uncle ______________college after six months, now he wishes he had finished the
course.
5 According to the travel agency, the images in their current advertisement

______________adventure and change, as well as environmental responsibility.
4 Add one of these prefixes or suffixes to the words in brackets to complete the
sentences.
un- • in- • -ful • -less
1 My holiday in Greece was (wonder), I want to go back there next year.
2 If you want to have an__________ (expensive) meal on holiday, ask local people where
they eat.
3 I found that book very________ (help) when I was writing my project.
4 John thought his china plate was very valuable, but he was told it was_________
(worth).
5 These days it is______________ (common) to see horses in a big city.

Grammar
5 Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect.
1 Last week, I ________ (start) tennis lessons, and this week I _________(do) two hours
of practice.
2 Alan_________ (not / see) his cousin for ages, as she________(move) abroad last year.
3 My grandmother__________ (live) in this country for 40 years, but she ________

(never / return) to visit the country where she spent her childhood.
4 Dad________ (learn) to ski in 1990, techniques ______________ (change) a bit since

then.
6 Complete the sentences using when, if or until.

1 ________you haven't finished your homework by six o'clock, it will be too late to go to
the cinema.
2 Mark can't leave his job_________he has found another one.
3 I'll phone you ________I've found out the time of the train.
4 _________I have collected my photographs, you can see them.
5 I can't get on the train________I've bought a ticket.
6 ________ you've got Sally's email address with you, we can send her an email now.
7 I'll lend you this book________ I have finished reading it.
Writing
7
World survey of popular culture!
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
What are people listening to, watching and reading in your country? What are the most
well-known personalities? We want your opinions now!
Write a report (200-250 words) on popular culture in your country.
Include:
• examples from at least 2 different areas, such as films, music, etc.

• examples of famous personalities
• why you feel these people are important to your country's popular culture
Test 2
Reading
1 Read the article and decide whether statements 1-7 are true or false according to
the text. Write T or F in each box.
1 There is no agreement on what makes people happy.
2 Person A is more contented with her lifestyle than Person B.
3 Feelings about important events in our lives can change very quickly.
4 We should stop thinking about our own wishes.
5 Happiness can occur when you are focusing on other things.
6 Other people's high opinion of your work will give you inner satisfaction.
7 Happiness is connected with a sense of your own identity.
Happiness
Whatever anyone says, there doesn't appear to be any universal blueprint for happiness.
While it is encouraging that happy people seem to have characteristics in common, the
fact remains that one person's definition of heaven might be another's idea of hell.
Thus Person A might be happiest when she is stressed at work, dealing with problems
and meeting deadlines, whilst Person B prefers other activities, spending her leisure time
painting and travelling. Just to add to the confusion, happiness tends to be related to a
particular situation at a particular time - a career choice, relationship or even an impulse
buy that makes us happy one day might make us perfectly miserable the next.
Bearing this in mind, maybe it's time to loosen our grip on the fantasy of the perfect life
and start concentrating on what we want - and what we've got. Far from being the
ultimate goal, happiness might simply be the product of a fulfilled, centred life.
Moreover, outward achievements are often less important than we think: whilst these
achievements may impress other people, they may not make you happy. At the end of the
day, how we choose to be happy is how we choose to be ourselves - once you have sorted
that out the rest should fall into place.
Vocabulary
2 Complete these sentences using the correct form of the word in brackets.
1 Adam always talks______________about the future. (optimist)
2 When someone criticises you, it's easy to become very ______________. (defend)
3 If I don't get enough sleep, I feel very______________ the following day. (irritate)
4 Sometimes children feel by their _____________ friends to buy clothes they don't
really like. (pressurise)
5 Jim was______________by the violence in the film he saw last nigh. (horrify)
6 I know it was wrong, but I felt ___________ of my friend's success. (resent)
7 I had a big ___________ with my best friend, but we've made it up now. (argue)
8 Lucy has always had a good_____________ with her brothers, even though they used
to tease her. (relation)
9 My father has always believed that a good job is the key to a______________life.
(meaning)
10 A trip to the UK or the US can be a good way of increasing the______________of

students learning English. (motivate)
3 Choose the best answer, a, b, c or d, to complete the gaps in the text.

Steps to feeling happier!
Start to build up a new 1 __________ of yourself. Make a list of your 2_________
attributes - words like kind, generous, attentive. Then list your skills - things like playing
the piano, great cook etc. Then say them out loud to yourself. Ask your most trusted
friend for some encouraging statements about yourself. Keep a journal and
3______________all the good things that happen to you and good things that people say
to you. Make a 4_____________decision to rid yourself of negative thoughts and to
5______________too much self-criticism. This will help you become more 6
_____________and _________ by events, ___________, you have a positive. When you
do feel 7 ___________ don't panic. If you can keep 8 __________ better chance of
getting through difficult times.
1 a painting b sight c scene d picture
2 a affirmative b positive c absolute d definitive
3 a write back b write down c write away d write off
4 a conscious b planned c alert d aware
5 a avoid b hide c demand d summon
6 a interested b self-centred c confident d absorbent
7 a overtired b overdone c overcast d overwhelmed
8 a calm b quiet c peaceful d steady
Grammar
4 Put each verb in brackets in the correct form (gerund or infinitive) to complete the
text.
There has been quite a lot of research into the nature of happiness, and what we need
___________(do) to achieve it. Interestingly, it seems that money doesn't buy happiness.
That is, a basic standard of material possessions is necessary to be happy, but if you keep
on 2______________(add) to it, it doesn't seem to make much difference.
3______________ (feel) in control of your life or your job helps. Three out of five people
who say they are in control say they are happy. So, how can you help yourself
4___________(be) happy? An American psychologist has been trying 5______________
(answer) this question for 20 years. He believes the key to happiness is something called
'the flow'. This is the state you are in when you are enjoying 6______________(do)
something that completely absorbs you, when you are challenged but you can handle it.
He started his research by 7______________(study) artists who became totally caught up
in painting, but soon started to look at other groups of people. It didn't seem to matter if
they were interested in 8______________ (read), fond of 9______________ (climb) or
mad about (play) football. What they had in common was that they wanted 11_______
(follow) their pursuit for its own sake, not for any material reward.
5 Complete the text with a verb from the list below in the correct form.
make • have • include • forget
When I was a child, I remember 1_______ an imaginary friend. Her name was Jill. My
parents tell me that they needed 2______________her when they were discussing plans
with me such as where we were going on holiday. My sister used to tease me about Jill,
but she was very important to me. When I changed school, I tried
3______________about her, but she remained part of my life until I was about ten. My
sister now has children of her own, and says she regrets 4_____________fun of me all
those years ago.
Writing
6 Write a personal account (200-250 words) entitled:
The best or worst day of my life.
Include:
• how the day started
• what happened
• how you felt about it
• what happened at the end
Test 3
Reading
1 Read the following text and match headings a-h with paragraphs 1-7. There is one
heading you do not need.
a Second thoughts
b Learning the hard way
c The wrong time to start
d Make use of your holidays
e Realities of the job
f Settling in
g A lucky break
h A spell in the capital
Hungry for words
1 ______________
You'd better like photocopying. And faxing. And searching through half-filed, old copies
of the Boxwood News, or whatever, hunting for an article from 1983 about football. If
you're considering a career in journalism, it's worth spending your holidays making
coffee, answering telephones and taking notes for a local or national publication (unpaid,
of course).
2 _______________
The idea occurred to me halfway through university, where everyone else was already
muttering about becoming bankers. I sent off a handful of letters and managed to get a
temporary job on a fashion magazine. While my friends were earning extra money
working in bars, I was sleeping on a friend's floor in London, trying to look like a
professional journalist.
3 ________________
My first experience of professional journalism did not go smoothly. During my first week
at the magazine, I spent most of my time covered in photocopying ink, mastering
(slowly) the art of transferring telephone calls. I tried not to be scared by the pencil-thin
fashion journalists, but would take the stairs so I could avoid standing next to them in the
lift.
4 _____________
Back at university, I edited the student newspaper before I began to have doubts about
whether this was really the career for me. I wasn't entirely sure I had the sort of toughness
that journalists are supposed to possess. I didn't think I'd ever grasp shorthand. In short, I
decided that it was a nasty business and I'd rather be a hairdresser.
5 _____________
Shortly after I'd telephoned a hairdressing school, I won an award which gave me some
work experience on a national Sunday paper. It was a fantastic four weeks. Although it
was yet more filing and photocopying, for the first time I felt that I was actually part of
the publication; I sat in on meetings -I even interviewed a couple of fashion designers.
6 _______________
In September, I moved to my present job, and it's here I've been happiest. It's like any job
- six months down the line I'm still finding out everyone's name, and how to use the
computers, and where everything is. I even still feel nervous when I speak to my section
editor!
7 ________________
It's different from student journalism. Deadlines are tougher, the need for accuracy
greater. There are certainly jobs that pay better, offer longer holidays and more sociable
hours. People write and complain and it's still the most mortifying thing in the world to
know you've got your facts wrong and let everyone down. But it's worth it. At least for
me, it is.
Vocabulary
2 Complete the sentences using one of the following verbs in the correct form.
grab • stare • strike • prove • maintain • leap • avoid
1 Yesterday, thieves ___________ Sarah's handbag while she was out shopping.
2 Nobody believed that John got to the top of the mountain, but he had
photos______________it.
3 The film star said she hated the way people used ______________at her when she went
shopping.
4 Chris's hobby is fixing and______________old motorcycles.
5 jean ran all the way to the station and managed ______________onto the train just
before it left.
6 If you want to do your best in these exams, you should ______________too many late
nights.
7 The earthquake______________the city unexpectedly and many people were killed.
3 Choose the best answer, a, b or c, for each gap.

1 When we arrived at the training course, we were to different groups.
a allocated b shared c placed
2 The speaker ______________ that children should read rather than watch TV.
a told b maintained c discussed
3 My teacher ______________ me to enter the singing competition, didn't think I was
nearly good enough.
a encouraged b supported c organised
4 Nathan was______________to go on an expedition through the jungle.
a applied b preferred c selected
5 Suzy was chosen to______________ her school at the national youth festival.
a represent b substitute с display
6 The principle of free medical care for everyone was ____________in Britain in 1948.
a formed b installed с established
7 The writer's house_____________a fascinating collection of old photographs.
a defined b enclosed с contained
8 The second part of the lesson was ____________ to practising the language in pairs.
a committed b devoted с occupied
9 After spending a whole weekend working on his motorcycle, Sam felt he had______ a
great deal.
a achieved b won с reached
10 The crowds_____hours before the pop concert began so they could get the best view
of the stage.
a grouped b gathered с collected
11 There are __________ differences between the two political parties.
a deep b severe с fundamental
Grammar
4 Complete the sentences with a relative pronoun.
1 The friend ___________ party I'm going to is eighteen tomorrow.
2 This detective story, ____________ is set in Florence, is really exciting.
3 The person____________answered the phone wasn't the person I was looking for.
4 The house___________Dominic is living has a big garden.
5 Sarah told me all about the play,___________ she said was fantastic.
5 There is a mistake in each of these sentences. Circle the mistake and write the
correct sentence underneath.
1 This is the coat what Suzy bought last week.
2 That is the person where I want to teach me the violin.
3 Is this the cinema who you were trying to find?
4 I don't know which shoes these are - do they belong to you?
5 Laura agreed with everything who you suggested.
6 Complete the sentences using the phrases below.

nevertheless • all in all • without doubt • apart from • according to
1 ___________Charlie, everyone else in his family loves chocolate.
2 We had sun, sea and wonderful food on holiday; _____________ we had a great time.
3 The world is at real risk from global warming, _________the experts.
4 I know you don't like Mark; __________I think you should accept his invitation to
dinner.
5 I have to say that it was _____________the worst film I've ever seen.
Writing
7 Write an article (200-250 words) for a national student magazine entitled:
The need for the Internet in schools.
Here are some points you could mention:
• current situation in your school
• why the Internet is (not) important
• financial issues, e.g. paying for computers and Internet access
• dealing with problems of misuse
Test 4
Reading
1 Read the text and choose the best answer, a, b, c or d, to questions 1-7.
Dolphin therapy
As his feet splash through the warm waters of a huge outdoor pool at Dolphin Cove in the
Florida Keys, USA, ten-year-old Jamie has a delighted expression on his face. He suffers
from a disability which means he has difficulty communicating with the rest of the world,
but the presence of playful dolphins elicits attention and squeals of pleasure. His parents
are happy, too. 'In the past, he wouldn't even touch anything solid, and now he's grabbing
hold of the dolphin's fin', says May, Jamie's mother. 'It's opening a new world for him.'
The captive dolphins are part of the Dolphin Human Therapy programme, established by
Dr David Nathanson, who uses dolphins to help children with mental and physical
disabilities. The dolphins are not treated as miracle healers. Instead, the possibility of
touching their grey-suede skin or even having a swim with a dolphin is a reward that
encourages children like Jamie to respond to their teachers, who sit with the children at
the water's edge. The sessions start with the teacher encouraging the child to motion
'hello' to a dolphin, which responds with a shake of its head or fin. The child is offered
another chance to play with the dolphin if he or she works hard during the session.
Adults too are attracted to swimming with captive dolphins as well. At a theme park near
Orlando, people pay to have a 30-minute swim with them. It is a deeply memorable
experience. When a swimmer slides into water alongside a dolphin they can actually feel
their skin tingling as the dolphin scans them with sonar. Then with a flip of their
powerful tails, the dolphins are off, gliding around effortlessly, clearly observing their
human visitors.
Anyone tempted to swim with wild dolphins, however, should be careful. They can have
a vicious streak. Male dolphins will sometimes kill baby dolphins, to attract the attention
of females. They have also been filmed killing small porpoises (animals similar to
dolphins), probably mistaking them for baby dolphins.
Scientists have discovered that dolphins 'talk' to each other, through a form of whistling.
The animals practise 'whistle matching', which is when one dolphin whistles and another
repeats the sound within three seconds.
Back at Dolphin Cove, the dolphins' contribution to the children's progress is

acknowledged. 'I think dolphins are incredible,' says Jeffrey Bicknell, who works with the
children. 'I've seen them look at a child and observe what the problem is, and change their
behaviour according to the nature of the problem. They are more dominant with some
children, more patient with others.'
1 Jamie benefits from his sessions with the dolphins because

a he has never been swimming before,
b he plays with the dolphins in the water,
c he can talk to the other children,
d he has always enjoyed being with animals.
2 What is the aim of using dolphins?
a to study the effects of disability on children
b to offer replacement treatment to children
c to help parents understand their children
d to help children work better with their teachers
3 When the dolphins are with the children, they
a sometimes play amongst themselves.
b try to attract the children's attention.
c ignore the adults in the water
d react when the children wave at them.
4 Adults enjoy swimming with captive dolphins because
a the dolphins help them swim faster.
b they can sense the dolphins' sonar,
c the dolphins can cure skin conditions,
d captive dolphins swim more slowly than wild dolphins.
5 Studies of wild dolphins have shown that some are
a aggressive towards other dolphins.
b willing to swim with humans,
c more unfriendly than they used to be,
d frightened of porpoises.
6 'Whistle matching' is how dolphins
a communicate with humans,
b send messages to each other,
c vary the sounds they make,
d react to unknown situations.
7 Jeffrey Bicknell points out that dolphins
a prefer playing with particular types of children,
b enjoy the attention they get from the children,
c behave according to the needs of individual children,
d communicate with each other about the children.
Vocabulary
2 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets.
1 Most mammals are completely _____________ when they are born and depend on their
mothers. (help)
2 Scientists are concerned for the______________of the Tusker elephant. (survive)
3 We had a very______________sale in aid of an animal charity. (success)
4 The___________ effects of environmental damage is very worrying.(globe)
5 Lead-free petrol reduces ___________ in our cities. (pollute)
6 Most people know that they need to be ______________about the disposal of rubbish.
(care)
7 You need to be______________ well-qualified to work with wild animals.

(exceptional)
8 Some people feel that animals should not be kept in ______________ .(captive)
9 In a very cold winter many wild animals are at risk of dying from______________ .
(starve)
10 Humans and chimpanzees share many______________. (characterise)
3 Choose the best answer, a, b or c, to complete the sentences.

1 I __________ apologise for the trouble I caused you yesterday.
a deeply
c wholly
b sincerely
d fully
2 Lee felt that having a Ferrari would give him considerable
a status
b disinction
c grade
d standard
3 The zoos breed animals so that their future is_____________
a insured
c assured
b confirmed
d preserved
4 I can't_____________ to spend any more time on this piece of work.
a allow
c risk
b commit
d afford
5 Before going paragliding, you should _____________ the risks.
a count
c assess
b view
d test
6 I can't go climbing tomorrow as some of my equipment is
a faulty
b mistaken
c wrong
d poor
7 After such a difficult day, Patrick will think ____________ before going sailing again.
a second
c double
b twice
d two times
8 My friend bought an antique vase, but it turned out to be a cheap____________ .
a fraud
c likeness
b falsity
d fake
Grammar
4 Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or the present perfect
continuous.
1 My brother_____________ (save) up for a computer for three months now, and he
almost has enough money.
2 It's impossible to get tickets for the football match, we ___________(try) all morning.
3 Pam_____________ (never / see) animals in the wild: she'd love to go on safari.

4 Jane _____________ (learn) Czech for three months and she's already quite good. .
5 At last John____________(decide) what he wants to do when he leaves school.
6 My parents and I______________(spend) every summer since I was a child at my

grandparents' house.
7 I______________(always / believe) that animals understand far more than we realise.
8 I_____________ (think) about what you said all day, but I still have not made up my
mind what to do.
9 Mrs Jones______________(seldom / travel) outside the county where she lives.

5 Choose the correct form of the verb in these sentences.
1 We train / are training very hard this week so we will be ready for the race.
2 Paulais working / works in a clothes shop before starting at university.
3 Mike is watching / watches history programmes on television in preparation for his

exam.
4 My mother often is staying / stays with my sister to help her with the new baby.
5 I enjoy / am enjoying detective stories, you should try reading one.
6 Jenny is painting / paints her room yellow, it should be finished by Christmas.
Writing
6 Some English friends have invited you to stay in London for a week. They have
written to you asking for information about the following:
• when and where you will arrive
• if there is anything specialyou would like to do during your stay
• if there is anything you cannot eat or drink
• whether you could stay for an extra week to go with them to Scotland
Write an informal letter (120-150 words) to your friends answering their questions.
Test 5
Reading
1 Read the following extracts from the diary of Ellen MacArthur, the youngest
person to sail single-handed around the world. Match headings a-g with paragraphs
1-6. There is one heading you do not need.
a A significant landmark
b A lapse of concentration
с A lucky escape
d A strange vision
e An unscheduled stop
f A question of practice
g A nightmare ascent
Ellen's race diary
Day 30 1_________
I awoke with a start from a short nap. I looked out of the window in the cabin and there it
was - an iceberg right by the boat. Within seconds I was on deck, and the yacht and I
passed within 15-20 metres of the berg, actually sailing through the white water next to it.
All I could think of was what would have happened it I had hit it. The radar was alarmed,
but as is sometimes the case, the berg was invisible to radar, even when I was right next
to it.
Day 53 2__________
I feel quite low now... this is the hardest part for me -putting us in the right place. The
worry, the constant fretting, the hours spent staring at a computer screen analysing and
reanalysing till you are blue in the face. I guess this is what I lack - the experience of
making this kind of decision and standing by it.
Day 66 3___________
I feel overwhelmed. The stress and difficulties of the last few days are melting away and
I feel emotional as I approach Cape Horn. The second time for my boat Kingfisher and
me together. It's a great symbol for the two of us personally, as the very first time I was
ever alone on her was just a few mrles from this famous rock.
Day 80 4____________
I've been hand steering all night, the wind indicator wasn't working properly ... I've been
preparing mentally for another climb. I'm tired, but now it's light I have to go and sort it
out... [Later] I'm totally exhausted, my leg is black from the bruises. Once I got to the top
a rainstorm came over. The wind was all over the place. I just want to cry.
Day 83 5___________
I'm still kicking myself for my mistake three days ago when I fell asleep after climbing
the mast, and let the boat head further east. I wanted to be west, but that moment of
fatigue lost me that advantage. I can't help thinking where I would be if I'd held that more
westerly position.
Day 94 6__________
The wind has switched more south-west so I'm sailing at a good speed. I look at the
repair of the sail and pray - I'm surprised that it has lasted this long. I had the weirdest
dream last night: we were all doing the race on bicycles! Don't ask me what I'm doing
after this race ...
Ellen eventually finished the 2000 Vendee Globe race in second place.
Vocabulary
1 After getting up at 4 a.m. two days running, I was absolutely _________on the third
day.
a knackered b overwhelmed с outdone
2 If you_________all the time you spend watching TV each week, I'm sure you will be
surprised how much it is.
a add in b add on с add up
3 Funnily_________, my sister and I have chosen the same present for my mother's
birthday.
a even b enough с although
4 The pop star has a group of_________fans who go to every concert he gives.
a involved b dedicated с concerned
5 Learning an instrument is not just a _________ of liking music - you have to be
prepared to practise as well.
a question b thought с process
6 Lisa was really upset when she________with her boyfriend.
a broke in b broke away с broke up
7 On Fridays, Jackie________her brother from school.
a picks over b picks up с picks at
8 If I complain to the manager about this meal, will you ___________
a help me up b show me up с back me up
9 After Sue had been waiting for over an hour, her irritation ___________to anger.
a turned b went с moved
10 My friend has___________nationality: she's British and American.
a duo b dual с double
3 Complete the sentences with one of these phrasal verbs in the correct form.
come about • run over • break down • set
up • get cracking • break in • hit on • take on • dress up
1 My little sister loves___________ clothes.
2 The idea of celebrating together in my party when we realised that our birthdays were
on the same day.
3 If you want to finish decorating your room today, you'll have

to______________straight away.
4 After days of wondering what to give Nick as a present, Ben______________the idea

of a ticket to a pop concert.
5 According to the advertisement, the factory is ______________ five new employees.
6 My friend and I want______________an Internet site about national pop groups.
7 I'm sorry but I'm going to be late as the car has
8 The cat was nearly ____________ but luckily the driver stopped just in time.
9 When burglars______________Simon's house, they stole alt his mother's jewellery.
Grammar
4 Complete the sentences using one of the following adverbs.
if • while • because • since • although • after • so that
I decided to enter for a half-marathon race 1______________I wanted to set myself a
challenge. 2______________ I had never done a lot of running before, I had always
enjoyed keeping fit. I got up an hour earlier every day 3______________I could run
before leaving for work. Soon it took over my life. I even found I was thinking about
running 4_____________I was supposed to be working. Immediately 5______________
the race was over, I said I'd never do it again. That was six months ago. Now I'm training
for another one, and want to do a full marathon next year, 6______________I'm fit
enough. I'm really glad I took up running again. 7______________ I started training, I've
not only made new friends but I feel so much better about myself.
5 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs below.
tell • go • realise • miss • be • phone • watch
I 1___________a really exciting programme on the TV when suddenly there
2____________a power cut. As soon as I 3____________ what had happened, I
4___________my friend to ask her if I could come over. However, her mother
5____________me that my friend 6____________ to her sister's house, as she also
wanted to see the end of the programme. When I finally spoke to my friend later that day,
she told me that she 7_____________ the end of the programme as well, as her sister
8_____________something on the other channel, and did not want to switch over!
Writing
6 Write an argument (200-250 words) for and against one of the following
statements:
1 The use of private cars in towns and cities should be banned.
2 Wild animals should not be kept in zoos.

Remember to:
• write a short introduction

• write paragraph(s) 'for' the title
• write paragraph(s) 'against' the title
• summarise your own views
• link your ideas appropriately
• use an appropriate style
Achievement Test 1
Reading
1 From statements 1-10, circle five which reflect the content of the text.
1 If you cannot sleep, walking around will make things worse
2 What you do just before bedtime can affect how you sleep.
3 Occasional sleeping problems should not be ignored.
4 It is helpful to try to sleep for the same amount of time each night.
5 Recording sleeping patterns seldom helps.

6 It is important to sleep in a darkened room.
7 You can help yourself to sleep at night by working things out in the day.
8 You have to focus on your body in order to relax properly.
9 The old idea of counting sheep is no longer recommended.
10 Imaginary conversations may help you sleep.

Time for bed
When you can't sleep, two things can be guaranteed to upset you. The first is being told to
calm down. And the second is telling yourself that if you don't go to sleep at once, you're
going to feel dreadful in the morning. But at 3 a.m. what are the options? Get up and
walk around, say the experts. Read a book, listen to music, drink some milk. Only when
you are sleepy should you go back to bed, and if you still can't drop off, then get up
again, as many times as you need to. And if this lying awake is getting to be a habit, then
decide the next day on a plan of action.
The most common advice is to get into a routine. Going to bed and getting up at the same
time help the body establish a pattern (bodies like patterns), and keeping a record of your
routine and noting down what it is that wakes you up, and when, might help further.
Winding down and preparing for bedtime are also strongly advised. Stick to calming
activities such as warm baths, and avoid vigorous exercise, exciting books, tense films
and heated arguments. If you like a dark room, make sure it is dark. Get the temperature
right and the bed comfortable and switch off your phone.
Rather than lying awake going over things, take some time during the day to write down
those worries. Make a list of the problems you can deal with, decide how you are going
to deal with them, then put them out of your mind. Once you get into bed, active
relaxation seems to be what's required. Concentrate intently on relaxing all your muscle
groups, starting with your scalp and working down to your toes.
And for the mind there are all sorts of intriguing possibilities, including the old favourite
of counting sheep. Visualising a blackboard at school with someone slowly writing
numbers on it, is one suggestion. Another is to think of a living room you know well.
Then fill the sofa and chairs with friends - or pop stars. Then start talking to them. Tell
them what you're going to accomplish tomorrow and ... And what's that? They've all
fallen asleep without you? Oh well. Maybe it's time for your first little walkabout.
Vocabulary
2 Complete the sentences with one of the phrasal verbs in the correct form.
come across • run out • give up • face up to • put off • break up • send out
1 Today Mrs Lyle ____________all the invitations to her daughter's wedding.
2 Oh no, I______________of paper. I'll have to buy some more.
3 My sister is feeling depressed as last week she ______________with her boyfriend.
4 I______________an old photograph of myself as a child when I was tidying up my

room.
5 Marie is going to______________having a birthday party until her brother has returned
from holiday.
6 We'll have to______________the fact that we can't afford a holiday this year.
7 I am trying to______________eating chocolate, but it's very hard!
3 Complete the text with the correct prepositions.

to • on • with • in • from • as • around • for • of
How to make real coffee
The British have always been well known 1______________their tea-drinking habits,
and if they drank coffee at all, it was always instant. These days, however, the
consumption 2______________real coffee has been increasing dramatically all
3______________the British Isles. But the British have yet to learn how
4____________make it properly. The following tips for perfect coffee come
5______________ a well-known restaurateur. Always buy freshly roasted coffee beans
and keep them 6______________an airtight container 7__________up to a week. Grind
just what you need (or it will taste bitter as the ground coffee reacts 8______________the
air). If you want to make a cappuccino, professionals use an espresso machine, frothing
some milk in a jug and then pouring it over the coffee. You can also sprinkle a little
chocolate 9______________the top 10______________an extra!
Grammar
4 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 Alice___________(speak) French when she was a child, but she_____________(not /
use) the language for five years.
2 Jim______________ (worry) about his business all last year, so yesterday

he______________(decide) to postpone his summer holiday.
3 My sister and I______________(enjoy) singing in the choir at the moment, as we are

singing some of our favourite songs.
4 ______________you______________(not / enjoy) the film last night? I saw that
you______________(not / laugh) at the jokes.
5 Harry__________ (never / drive) a car until he started lessons last week.
5 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the gerund or infinitive.
1 Can I borrow your bicycle tomorrow? I need ______________(go) to the other side of
town.
2 Many people are really interested in______________ (learn) about their family history.
3 My parents have been trying___________ ___________(improve) their spoken Italian,

but they don't seem to have made much progress.
4 I cannot work in here if you keep on______________ (make) so much noise.
5 I remember______________(love) books about animals when I was a child.
6 Complete the sentences using the following expressions:

in spite of • despite the fact that • without doubt • since • apart from
1 It was _____________ one of the nicest holidays I have ever had.
2 _____________Mr Lyman is over ninety, he still enjoys going for a walk.
3 Everyone enjoyed the party______________me.
4 The Smith family had a great time on their trip to London ______________the terrible
weather.
5 ______________I started reading this book, I haven't watched any TV.
Achievement Test 1
Reading
1 If you cannot sleep, walking around will make things worse
2 What you do just before bedtime can affect how you sleep.
3 Occasional sleeping problems should not be ignored.

4 It is helpful to try to sleep for the same amount of time each night.
5 Recording sleeping patterns seldom helps.
6 It is important to sleep in a darkened room.
7 You can help yourself to sleep at night by working things out in the day.
8 You have to focus on your body in order to relax properly.
9 The old idea of counting sheep is no longer recommended.
10 Imaginary conversations may help you sleep.

Time for bed
When you can't sleep, two things can be guaranteed to upset you. The first is being told to
calm down. And the second is telling yourself that if you don't go to sleep at once, you're
going to feel dreadful in the morning. But at 3 a.m. what are the options? Get up and
walk around, say the experts. Read a book, listen to music, drink some milk. Only when
you are sleepy should you go back to bed, and if you still can't drop off, then get up
again, as many times as you need to. And if this lying awake is getting to be a habit, then
decide the next day on a plan of action.
The most common advice is to get into a routine. Going to bed and getting up at the same
time help the body establish a pattern (bodies like patterns), and keeping a record of your
routine and noting down what it is that wakes you up, and when, might help further.
Winding down and preparing for bedtime are also strongly advised. Stick to calming
activities such as warm baths, and avoid vigorous exercise, exciting books, tense films
and heated arguments. If you like a dark room, make sure it is dark. Get the temperature
right and the bed comfortable and switch off your phone.
Rather than lying awake going over things, take some time during the day to write down
those worries. Make a list of the problems you can deal with, decide how you are going
to deal with them, then put them out of your mind. Once you get into bed, active
relaxation seems to be what's required. Concentrate intently on relaxing all your muscle
groups, starting with your scalp and working down to your toes.
And for the mind there are all sorts of intriguing possibilities, including the old favourite
of counting sheep. Visualising a blackboard at school with someone slowly writing
numbers on it, is one suggestion. Another is to think of a living room you know well.
Then fill the sofa and chairs with friends - or pop stars. Then start talking to them. Tell
them what you're going to accomplish tomorrow and ... And what's that? They've all
fallen asleep without you? Oh well. Maybe it's time for your first little walkabout.
Vocabulary
come across • run out • give up • face up to • put off • break up • send out
1 Today Mrs Lyle ____________all the invitations to her daughter's wedding.
2 Oh no, I______________of paper. I'll have to buy some more.
3 My sister is feeling depressed as last week she ______________with her boyfriend.
4 I______________an old photograph of myself as a child when I was tidying up my

room.
5 Marie is going to______________having a birthday party until her brother has returned
from holiday.
6 We'll have to______________the fact that we can't afford a holiday this year.
7 I am trying to______________eating chocolate, but it's very hard!

to • on • with • in • from • as • around • for • of
How to make real coffee
The British have always been well known 1______________their tea-drinking habits,
and if they drank coffee at all, it was always instant. These days, however, the
consumption 2______________real coffee has been increasing dramatically all
3______________the British Isles. But the British have yet to learn how
4____________make it properly. The following tips for perfect coffee come
5______________ a well-known restaurateur. Always buy freshly roasted coffee beans
and keep them 6______________an airtight container 7__________up to a week. Grind
just what you need (or it will taste bitter as the ground coffee reacts 8______________the
air). If you want to make a cappuccino, professionals use an espresso machine, frothing
some milk in a jug and then pouring it over the coffee. You can also sprinkle a little
chocolate 9______________the top 10______________an extra!
Grammar
1 Alice___________(speak) French when she was a child, but she_____________(not /
use) the language for five years.
2 Jim______________ (worry) about his business all last year, so yesterday

he______________(decide) to postpone his summer holiday.
3 My sister and I______________(enjoy) singing in the choir at the moment, as we are

singing some of our favourite songs.
4 ______________you______________(not / enjoy) the film last night? I saw that

you______________(not / laugh) at the jokes.
5 Harry__________ (never / drive) a car until he started lessons last week.
5 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the gerund or infinitive.
1 Can I borrow your bicycle tomorrow? I need ______________(go) to the other side of
town.
2 Many people are really interested in______________ (learn) about their family history.
3 My parents have been trying___________ ___________(improve) their spoken Italian,

but they don't seem to have made much progress.
4 I cannot work in here if you keep on______________ (make) so much noise.
5 I remember______________(love) books about animals when I was a child.
6 Complete the sentences using the following expressions:

in spite of • despite the fact that • without doubt • since • apart from
1 It was _____________ one of the nicest holidays I have ever had.
2 _____________Mr Lyman is over ninety, he still enjoys going for a walk.
3 Everyone enjoyed the party______________me.
4 The Smith family had a great time on their trip to London ______________the terrible
weather.
5 ______________I started reading this book, I haven't watched any TV.

Test 6
Reading
1 Read the article and decide whether these statements are true or false. Write T or
F in each box.
1 Sir Arthur Conan Doyle invented details about what the boarding party found.
2 Pemberton said that there was more than one survivor.
3 There is no record of Pemberton having been on the ship.
4 No one believed Pemberton's story.
5 There is no evidence that the crew were hallucinating when they abandoned ship
6 It is impossible for ships to contain deadly moulds.
What happened to the crew?
The end of the official enquiry into the wreck of the Mary Celeste marked the beginning
of many theories about what may have happened. Why did the crew abandon the ship in
such a hurry? One famous version of events was written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the
creator of the famous detective, Sherlock Holmes. He describes how the boarding party
found freshly cooked food on the captain's table, and important documents missing. But
this was pure fiction.
The strangest twist in the story emerged almost 50 years after the Mary Celeste was
found abandoned. A man named Pemberton claimed to have been on board the ship.
According to Pemberton, there was a violent argument between the Captain and the rest
of the crew. Only Pemberton escaped alive. However, for some reason, he kept the story
to himself for the next half century. This story is almost certainly untrue. For Pemberton's
name is not even on the official crew register of the voyage. Yet the fact that he was able
to convince people to take him seriously shows how few sensible theories were around at
the time.
Some theories have more to do with illness. One is that the crew ate mouldy bread. Eaten
in quantity, it might have been possible that they experienced hallucinations. However,
all the signs are that the crew were perfectly sane when they jumped off the ship. Another
is that the wood of the ship contained a killer fungus. This makes a little more sense, as
some ships have been known to have lethal moulds. But how the crew all came to be
poisoned quickly, and at the same time, and why they then left the ship, is a mystery in
itself.
Vocabulary
from • by • of • with • to • in • around
Agatha Christie
Agatha Christie is among the greatest 20th century detective writers. Born
1______________ Devon, she was educated at home 2______________her mother. She
started writing as a child, when recovering 3______________an illness and her mother
told her to write a story. 'Don't say you can't, of course you can!' her mother instructed.
Agatha Christie's two most famous detectives are Hercule Poirot, a Belgian, who is
famous for his round face 4______________its prominent moustache and Miss Jane
Marple, an elderly spinster, who lives 5______________a small English village. She
finds evidence 6______________ criminal activities 7______________the most unlikely
places, and uses her knowledge 8____________ human nature to solve mysteries that
often puzzle the local police force. Agatha Christie once said that as she knew nothing
about guns and revolvers, her victims were usually killed 9______________a blunt
instrument, or poison. Although she provides clues to help her readers, when you get
10______________the end of one of her books, you are often surprised
11_____________ the murderer's identity. Agatha Christie's most famous play, The
Mousetrap, is the longest-running stage play ever, and has been thrilling audiences from
12______________the world for 48 years. According 13______________the theatre
where it is performed, since its opening, 297 actors have appeared in the play, and over
320 tons 14______________ice cream have been sold!
3 Choose the best answer, a, b or c, to complete the text.
When I was a child, I went to a girls' boarding school in the English countryside. The
buildings were very old, and we were told they were 1____________ by their previous
owner, who had died of a broken heart. The story was that every Halloween, if you went
to a particular corridor at midnight, and looked in the mirror there, you would see the face
of the man you would marry. I was 13 when I tried this out. It was dark and there was a
cold 2______________ coming from the window behind me. Suddenly, I saw a strange
shape behind me in the mirror. Too frightened to 3______________, I panicked and ran
out of the corridor down the stairs and straight into the arms of a teacher, who had been
4_____________ by my shouting, and come to 5______________the noise. But the
phantom turned out to be my best friend, wrapped in a blanket!
1 a haunted b possessed c attended
2 a movement b flow c draught
3 a turn in b turn out c turn round
4 a alarmed b upset c warned

5 a explore b investigate c inspect
Grammar
4 Circle the correct option in the following sentences.
1 The teacher told us today that the test is going to be next week instead of today. I
mustn't have studied / needn't have studied so late yesterday evening.
2 When Michael saw John smiling, he knew that John must have passed / might have
passed his music exam.
3 I was terribly stiff after my first day's skiing. I might have trained / ought to have
trained harder.
4 If we had got up earlier, we could have bought / must have bought tickets for the
football match.
5 You shouldn't have read / couldn't have read your sister's diary. She will be very upset
when she finds out.
6 Someone has sent me a bunch of flowers. It couldn't have been / shouldn't have been
my boyfriend because he is away on holiday. 7 Martin may have found out / can't have
found out Jane's phone number- I'll go and ask him.
8 I shouldn't have worried / needn't have worried about seeing the doctor. She told me
that my leg wasn't badly hurt.
9 Dad should have asked / might have asked when the museum closed. Then we wouldn't
have missed the exhibition.
5 Use the verbs in the correct past form to complete the text.
ought to / take • must / be • need / not / worry • must / start • could / not / be • might /
exaggerate
Nessie-hunting
Sightings of a monster known as Nessie in Loch Ness, a lake in Scotland, have been
reported since the fifteenth century. Some people say that the idea of a monster
1______________as the result of a real sighting, though others think that the accounts
over the years 2______________Nevertheless, the lake still attracts thousands of tourists
a year. Last year my cousin Becky visited Loch Ness, and waited with a crowd of people
for three hours in a storm taking photographs of every tiny wave, but there was no sign of
Nessie. But suddenly, a large, unidentifiable object was seen below the surface. Some of
the crowd, including Becky, thought that the shape 3______________Nessie, but others
said it 4______________because it wasn't swimming quickly enough. Becky had used up
all her film so could not prove anything. Back home, her friends were not sympathetic
and said she 5______________ a spare film. But Becky 6______________Some time
ago, a camera was set up to film Loch Ness in order to record everything that goes on
there, and you can see this live film on the Internet. So Becky can do future Nessie-
hunting sitting at her computer!
Writing
6 Write a short story (200-250 words) which starts with the following sentences:
'It was dark outside, and raining hard. I was alone in the house and had just settled
down to watch TV when I heard a loud noise outside the door. Suddenly I felt very
frightened ...'
Remember to:
• describe what happened
• describe how you felt about it
• use adverbs and adjectives effectively
• create atmosphere
Test 7
Reading
1 Choose from sentences a-g the one which fits each gap 1-6. There is one sentence
you do not need.
a I knew that if I was feeling lonely, I could spend half an hour in a cyber cafe and walk
out happy.
b When I arrived there, I'd queue, snatch my letters from a nonchalant official, and take
them away, elated.
c As I made my way around the country on a series of buses, I wrote long and scarcely
legible letters to my friends and family, detailing people, places and adventures.
d It bought me more joy than a host of emails ever could.
e It's fun receiving these, even though you know that the message hasn't been written
specially for you.
f Moreover, letters can take a long time to reach you.
g They will instantly be transported back to a world where Auntie Jean is coming to
lunch, and where close friends talk about their latest romances.
Keeping in touch
Ten years ago, I went to Australia on my own. I had recently left school, and it was my
first time out of Europe. 1______ I'd calculate where I might be when they got around to
replying, and request a letter back to the appropriate post office. 2______Today homesick
travellers simply wait to access Hotmail on a computer. 3______The news from home is
comforting, but it takes away something from |he heart of a big trip. Recently I travelled
round the world for a year, and this tifne I found email just about everywhere. Of course,
I was delighted. 4______And I visited them often. I emailed my mum from Lhasa, high
up on the Tibetan plateau, from Pakistan, India, Vietnam and Mongolia. Because of the
pressure of time, backpackers frequently write a newsletter and email it to everyone they
know. 5______On my first trip to Australia, however, what I really loved was going to
collect letters. I remember sitting down outside a post office and reading a long letter
from my best friend, telling me all her news from university. 6______ Maybe I'm just
being nostalgic, but I felt that, in cutting myself off from everything and everyone I
knew, I had earned my letters.
Vocabulary
2 Choose the best answer, a, b, c or d, to complete the sentences.
1 My friend was so excited about going to the USA, I think everyone within_____on the
bus must have heard all about it as well as me!
a notice
b listening
c earshot
d distance
2 Tim had an interesting______year before going to university.
a gap
b break
c interval
d between
3 As soon as my exams are finished, I'm _____ to the seaside to have a holiday.
a taking on
b taking off
c taking away
d taking over
4 Everyone recommended the new James Bond film, so I went with very high______
a thoughts
b expectations
c inclinations
d ideas
5 My brother has really grown up since leaving home, he seems much more______these
days.
a developed
b mature
c ready
d complete
6 Take my______for it, you'll love the film that's on TV tonight.
a idea
b point
c name
d word
7 The Internet is an amazing _____ of information,
a source
b origin
c beginning
d start
8 I have never seen Hamlet, can you give me a brief _____of the plot?
a extract
b essence
c summary
d survey
9 We need to get to the cinema early so we can _____ the tickets.
a pick on
b pick off
c pick away
d pick up
3 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word in brackets.
1 I am going to London at Easter, have you any ______________for shopping?
(recommend)
2 The nearest village to my uncle's house is four miles away, his farm is
very______________. (isolate)
3 The original building was destroyed in a fire; the current building is a______________.
(reconstruct)
4 I love reading science fiction because you are ______________into a strange and
exciting world. (transport)
5 There has been a_____________on the River Thames for over 2000 years. (settle)
6 Aspirin is very_____________when you have a headache. (effect)
7 In the latest modern_____________of Romeo and Juliet, the main characters drive
around on motorbikes. (produce)
8 Some of the many islands around the coast of Britain no longer have
any______________. (inhabit)
9 My friend's house is ideally_________if you want to explore London, she lives only
five minutes from the underground station. (situate)
10 British supermarkets sell a great deal of ______________fruit and vegetables.

(import)
Grammar
4 Some of these sentences contain a mistake. Circle the mistakes and correct them
on the following line.
1 I was having my car window broken last night, luckily nothing was stolen.
2 You needn't have bothered to have your car washed, it has just started to rain!
3 Where did you get your computer mended? Mine has just broken down.
4 I must have my hair cutting.
5 Our neighbours are having a new barbecue delivered last week.
6 I want to have my photo taken for my passport. Do you know where I could have got it
done?
7 I haven't had my bedroom painted yet as I can't decide what colour I want.
5 Put each verb in brackets into its correct passive form to complete the text.
For centuries, people 1______________ (fascinate) by travel to isolated places. And as
television can bring these places into our homes, more and more of us want to go
somewhere different. In areas which we know to be vulnerable, however, tourist travel
2______________ (limit). It is important that if, for example, an area is home to severely
endangered wildlife, it 3______________ (protect). Tourists do not always take care of
the environments they visit: many beaches 4______________ (cover) in rubbish at the
end of each day and some coral reefs 5_________ (damage) in recent years by divers and
swimmers. 70 years ago, travel by air 6______________(consider) exotic. These days,
catching a plane is not unusual, and as access to remote areas in recent years
7_______________ (make) easier, it is even more important that we understand the need
to behave responsibly. Since future generations 8______________(attract) to beautiful
places, we need to ensure that there is something left for them to enjoy.
Writing
6 Write a review (200-250 words) of a book or TV programme.
Include:
• a brief description of the concept / plot
• details of the main characters
• what you thought of it
• why you thought this
Test 8
Reading
1 Read the following text about the future of work and match headings a-f to
paragraphs 1-6. There is one heading you do not need.
a New industries
b The benefits for companies
c Potential for re-training
d The way things were
e Improved lifestyles
g Not everyone's a winner
f Working for yourself
A job for life?
By 2020 whole careers will be wiped out and new ones created in a wave of technology.
Make sure you can survive.
1 _____
Until recently in the UK, new employees would be sat down by an older colleague and
quietly told the likely course of their career over a cup of tea. Junior Management might
be followed by a spell abroad, an executive position and eventual retirement with a gold
watch and pension. No longer. In the next 15-20 years new technologies will have as
great an impact on the way we work as industrial changes in the nineteenth century had
on our forefathers.
2 _____
The changes have already started. In the early 1890s, about 60% of jobs in the UK fell
into three categories: farming, manufacturing and mining. In 2000 it was less than 15%.
Staff who would previously have worked in manufacturing are now joining the new
service economy and the world of information technology (IT). The economy of the
future will consist of ideas, information and knowledge, and by 2015 it is estimated that
as many as 95% of jobs will require people with IT skills.
3 ______
The first evidence of these changes is already clear. Fewer workers are needed to produce
goods and services. Robots are starting to have a major impact in the workplace. In the
future, more and more people will choose to become self-employed, working through the
Internet, and selling skills in the marketplace.
4 _______
According to one expert, 'Flexible working represents the future of work'. People
working in areas such as sales, engineering and consultancy will be freed from the
constraints of time and location. For workers this should mean less time travelling to
work, more leisure time, a better match between work and family, reduction in stress and
financial savings.
5 _______
Employers will gain too, saving office space and increasing efficiency. British Gas
moved 5000 of its service engineers to teleworking in 1996, enabling the company to
close 440 depots and offices. Engineers now keep in touch via laptops and mobile
phones. According to a manager, there has been a noticeable increase in efficiency.
6 _______
But while those who move quickly to adapt will see rewards, many fear that there will be
a growing gap between those who are technologically literate and those who are not, the
'information rich' and the 'information poor*. So one way to ensure your future is to
choose a career in an industry likely to boom, such as engineering, entertainment, or
computing.
Vocabulary
2 Choose the best answer, a, b, c or d, to complete the sentence
1 People who want to succeed in their chosen careers will have to plan carefully in order
to______ the changes in the world of work.
a exist
b survive
c live
d pursue
2 All the_____in the company decided to write to the manager asking for a pay rise.
a staff
b team
c group
d body
3 The company is moving its headquarters to a new _____with better links to the airport
a position
b location
c situation
d place
4 I am hoping that if I get enough experience in the sales team, for my next job I'll be
able to apply for a post as a sales______.
a conductor
b organiser
c controller
d manager
5 As many jobs today require people who are computer-_____, I'd advise you to do a
course to improve your skills.
a knowledgeable
b informed
c literate
d educated
3 Fill in the gaps with these words.
at • of • for • by • in • with • to • from • on • around
Dear Sir or Madam, I would like to apply for the job 1_____ activities organiser in your
summer camps for children. I am a university student 2_____three younger brothers, so I
am used to living among young people! Last summer I worked as an activities organiser
in a summer camp which had children from all 3_____the world and I was told that I had
a real aptitude 4_____working with children. I am interested 5_____all kinds of sport,
and I have taught swimming. When I finish university, I want to train to be a physical
education teacher. I will be available in July and August. It is possible that I might be
able to work in September as well, and I will be able to tell you for certain 6_____the end
of May. I will be going back 7_____university 8_____April 1st. I would be happy to
come and see you before then if necessary. I enclose my CV and I look forward
9______hearing 10______you.
rush by • stretch out • stay in • trail off
1 'I just wish that...', her voice______________.
2 The houses______________as we sped down the street.
3 When I practised my talk, it only lasted about seven minutes, but I'll try
and_____it______to ten minutes.
4 Michael's too tired to go out tonight, he's _____________to watch TV.
Grammar
5 Put the verbs in brackets in the future simple or the future perfect.
Experts agree that in future, travel 1______________ (increase). By 2020, the number of
people travelling abroad for business or pleasure 2______________(double). Experts
predict that by 2007, China 3______________(become) the most popular destination for
tourists. Millions 4______________(book) holidays via the Internet. By 2017, the
numbers of people travelling by air 5_________ (rise) from 1.6 billion in 1997 to five
billion.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets using willor
going to.
1° Would you like to come swimming?
• No thanks, I______________(have) an early night as I think I'm getting a cold.
2 After his exams, Leo________ (stay) with his grandparents. He's really looking
forward to it.
3 You look exhausted. I______________(cook) dinner if you like. It won't take long.
4 Andrew's just rung from the station to say he's on his way. He's not expecting me to
pick him up but I think I _______________ (go) anyway.
5 Tom______________ (not / go) to the party on Saturday as he isn't feeling well.
7 Circle the correct future form to complete the sentences.
1 Just think, this time next week, I'll be lying / I'll lie on the beach doing nothing! 2
According to the experts, changes in the weather will threaten / I will be threatening the
survival of many birds. 3 James is on the phone for Mark. You'd better go and wake him.
He'll be sleeping / He'll sleep until lunch otherwise! 4 Please don't come round till
Sunday. I'll be writing / I I'll write my essay all day Saturday. 5 I don't feel very well - I'll
go / I'll be going home after this lesson.
Writing
8
We have vacancies in the Goodfoods chain of health shops for bright energetic staff for a
variety of jobs including serving customers and stacking shelves. Enthusiasm and interest
in healthier lifestyles essential! Would suit students wanting to earn some extra money.
Send CV and personal statement.
Write a personal statement (200-250 words) to send to Goodfoods.
Remember to:
• give details of your main interests
• give details of your work experience
• show how your interests and work experience could relate to the job
• describe your character and abilities
• use appropriate formal language
Test 9
Reading
1 The study was trying to show the number of mistakes that children make.
2 The children were shown the panda before the test session.
3 The children were told that the panda wanted to improve its speech.
4 Some of the children did not want to join in the experiment.
5 The children could not see the experimenter who was providing the voice of the
panda.
6 A bell was used by the experimenters to signal the panda's mistakes.
7 The children had to tell the panda why he had made a mistake.
8 The children were always able to spot an error.
9 This technique helped children behave more naturally.
10 This technique was not successful overall.

Talking pandas
How do we know when young children are able to recognise errors in what people say?
One ingenious research technique made use of a toy that was able to 'talk'. A toy panda,
about 75cm tall, was bought into a nursery where children (aged between three and five)
were playing. They were told this was a very special kind of panda, because he was
learning to talk. He wanted the children to come and see him one at a time, and talk to
him so his speech would get better. They were all more than willing to help.
In the laboratory test session, two experimenters were involved. One stayed in the room
with the panda and child, playing with the various materials. The other was outside the
room, observing the session through a one-way mirror, unseen by the children, speaking
into a microphone linked to a loudspeaker in the panda's head. The children were trained
to press a bell when the panda said something they thought was right, and to press a
buzzer when he was wrong. The panda would also ask the children why he was wrong, if
they did not immediately give a reason.
The main reason for developing this method of carrying out research was to reduce the
extent to which a child might be influenced by the presence of an adult, or overawed by
an artificial test situation. The children adapted to the situation enthusiastically - the
technique proved to be a very good way of testing sentence comprehension and
conversational skills. In one of the comprehension studies, for example, a small car was
placed in each of the four small garages, and a fifth car was left outside. The panda then
said such sentences as 'all the garages have cars in them' (which was true) and 'all the cars
are in the garages' which was false. The children's reaction showed how far they were
able to grasp the distinction between the sentences.
Vocabulary
1 My cousin finished the London Marathon even though the weather was terrible and he
had hurt his ankle. It was a truly_____achievement.
a elevated
b phenomenal
c winning
d superior
2 If you are going to give a talk, it is important when you get to the end to have a
strong______ .
a conclusion
b final
c completion
d outcome
3 When I was at school we had to learn a poem each week and then______it from
memory.
a recount
b recite
c rehearse
d relate
4 This research_____the importance of motivating students.
a lightens
b lights up
c highlights
d enlightens
5 John's_____to my news was very positive; he really seemed pleased for me.
a answer
b reply
c feedback
d reaction
6 The_____of students in my year want to go to university.
a majority
b maximum
c highest
d most
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of these phrasal verbs.
put off • take in • work out • bring in • take up • take back
1 After the summer I am going______________tennis - I've always wanted to play.
2 Last year the school______________new safety regulations.
3 My father still hasn't______________how to programme the video.
4 I______________what I said about Jane, I was completely wrong about her.
5 Ally keeps__________ going to the dentist because she hates it so much.
6 We only had an hour at the exhibition, it was difficult ______________so many

pictures.
4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1 I would like an _____________for why you are late again. (explain)
2 Some people think it is more difficult to ______________things as one gets older.

(memory)
3 The results of the scientists'______________of the monkeys' behaviour is very

interesting. (analyse)
4 Scientists predict major_____________ in space travel in the next decade. (develop)
5 I am quite frightened of my neighbour's dog. He seems very______________to me.

(aggression)
6 It is hard to imagine what life was like before the ______________of the telephone.
(invent)
7 The bookshop sells______________books, CDs and videos. (education)
8 My friend was so___________ about her dance class, I decided to go along as well.
(enthusiasm)
Grammar
1 If only I (not / wake up) so late, I would have caught the train.
__________________________________________
2 I wish I (listen) to the lecture, I might have done better in the test.
__________________________________________
3 If only Anna (not / forget) her wallet, we could have gone to the cinema.
__________________________________________
4 If only I (telephone) Rebecca last night, I would have heard the news sooner.
__________________________________________
5 I wish I (not / spend) so much money on holiday!

__________________________________________
6 Complete the other halves of these sentences using the modal verbs in brackets.
1 If Jane had known it was your birthday, she / buy you a present. (would)
__________________________________________
2 My brother / get a job on a newspaper, if he hadn't sent his application in late. (might)
__________________________________________
3 If I hadn't been so tired, I / win the tennis match. (could)

__________________________________________
4 If you'd left the house earlier, you/ have to stantfin a queue, (would / not)
__________________________________________
5 Sue / marry Angus if she hadn't met Jim. (might)

__________________________________________
7 Complete the sentences using the third conditional.
1 If I had known how hot it was going to be, I ______________ (bring) my sunhat.
2 I would have stayed at home yesterday evening if I ______________(not / have) an

unexpected invitation.
3 If Rob had known how hard the training was, he ______________(not /enter) for the
race.
4 If I ______________ (realise) she was on her own tonight, I would have asked her to
the party.
5 Jane wouldn't have gone to music school if her teacher ______________(not /

encourage) her.
Writing
8 You have been asked to write a report (200-250 words) on the educational system
in your country, to send to students in other European countries.
Include:
• ages of compulsory schooling
• different types of secondary school
• range of subjects studied
• foreign languages studied
• exams taken
Test 10
Reading
1 Read the text and decide whether these statements are true or false. Write T or F
in each box.
1 The woman in the coffee shop approached Sally's friend first.
2 Sally's teachers don't think modelling is a suitable career.
3 The agency have said that they might not be able to employ Sally in two years.
4 Sally's father thinks it would be good if she can save now for the future.
5 Sally's mother thinks she shouldn't do any modelling for the next two years.
6 Sally's grandmother doesn't want to listen to any more discussions.
Sally's dilemma
'My problem might not seem like a problem, but it is. I've just been offered a modelling
contract in London! I was having a coffee at my local shopping centre with my best
friend Lisa, and there was this woman who was looking at us. Then she came up to our
table, and said to me she was from this modelling agency, and she would like me to go
and see them. At first I thought it was a joke, because I wasn't dressed up or anything, I
had got up late, and was wearing jeans and a sloppy jersey and hadn't even washed my
hair! Anyway, my dad came with me to the agency and they took loads of photos, and
now they've offered me a contract.
The problem is that my teachers at school think I ought to stay on and take my exams
before I accept the offer so I've got some choices for the future if this doesn't work out.
But I think that if I don't take this opportunity now, it may not happen again. When I
asked the agency, they said they couldn't give any guarantees about a future with them if
I didn't start now. So it would be a big risk to delay.
The other problem is my parents. My dad is all for it, he says I can put by some capital
and I can worry about exams later on. And he has spoken to the agency who say that they
will take care of me and all that, so he's happy. But my mum says that I should stay at
school for another two years, maybe do a little modelling in the holidays and then see
how I feel after I have taken my exams. My gran who lives with us says she's fed up with
us all going on about it. I can't please everyone, and I don't know what to do!'
Vocabulary
2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of these phrasal verbs.
kit out • sign up • let go • split up • talk over • get out of
1 I think watching motor racing on TV is really boring. I can't see what you__________
it.
2 Liz's miserable because last night she___________ with her boyfriend.
3 My teacher says he wants___________ my exam. results with me. I've got to see him
after school.
4 Have you seen the notice about going camping? The trip won't take place unless
enough people___________ for it.
5 My little sister looked very smart for her first day at school, she___________in her new
school uniform.
6 My mother says that parents have to__________of their children once they are grown
up.
3 Match the words in 1-6 to the meanings in a-f.
1 flee
2 awesome
3 deport
4 clean-cut
5 discharge
6 heiress
a send out or away
b neat and respectable
c a woman who has or who will inherit money
d run away
e amazing
f force somebody to leave a country
1 The passenger_______what time the train would arrive.
a enquired b explored c searched d requested
2 Nick_______that he had fallen asleep and not done the shopping,
a accepted b allowed c agreed d admitted
3 Glen was_______ of the company's financial problems, otherwise he wouldn't have
agreed to take the job with them.
a innocent b ignorant c untaught d untrained
4 I was_______by officials at the airport, as I was carrying fresh food. They made me
throw it all away.
a impeded b confined c restrained d detained
5 Simon says he ________ giving up studying French in school, as now he has been
offered a job in France.
a mourns b upsets c misses d regrets
6 Sarah felt ______ that she wasn't picked for the basketball team as she's a very good
player.
a remorseful b repentant c resentful d revengeful
7 I've won £100 on the Lottery - what a _______of luck!
a touch b stroke c point d patch
Grammar
5 Change these reported sentences to direct speech.
1 Mary asked Sarah if she had finished her packing yet.
'___________________________?' Mary asked Sarah.
2 My father told me I had to tidy my room before lunch.
' __________________________,' said my father.
3 The museum guide told the visitors not to touch the objects.
'___________________________,' the museum guide told the visitors.
4 The waitress told us that she'd bring our coffees to our table.
'___________________________,'said the waitress.
5 The travel agent told Chris that he was trying very hard to get tickets for him.
'____________________________,' the travel agent told Chris.
6 Rewrite these questions.
1 What time is lunch?
Can you tell me________________________ .
2 Where does the US President live?
Someone enquired ______________________ .
3 What kind of food does Lee like?
I wonder _____________________________.
4 Where do students usually work in their summer holidays?
Someone asked_________________________.
5 How much does a new car cost?
I'd like to know________________________ .
7 Report these statements using the verb in the correct form.
1 'I won't stop for lunch,' said Janet.
Janet said that she______________ for lunch.
2 'Tom has been working in the garden all morning,' said Emma.
Emma told me that Tom______________ in the garden all morning.
3 'Lucy and her friend will come on Tuesday,' replied Sally.
Sally replied that Lucy and her friend______________on Tuesday.
4 'The tickets are sold out for the concert,' the man said.
The man said that the tickets_______________ for the concert.
5 'I will have been working for the company for ten years on Monday,' said Sylvia.
Sylvia said that on Monday she _______________for the company for ten years.
Writing
8 Look at the text in Task 1 on the previous page again. Write a summary (120-150
words) of the most important points in the text. Start your summary, 'Sally's
dilemma is that ... .
Remember:
• rephrase the text using your own words as far as possible
• use adjectives, adverbs, links words and adverb clauses to shorten or combine
information
• don't add your own personal views
Achievement Test 2
Reading
1 Read the text and choose the best answer, a, b, c or d, to questions 1-5.
The return of skateboarding
By the Royal Festival Hall on London's South Bank, a group of skateboarders are
practising their manoeuvres while, a few feet away, passers-by take in the view of the
Thames on this bright summer's afternoon.
These skateboarders are dedicated guys. And the spins and leaps, when they succeed, are
impressive. But there are many more misses than hits, and when I heard one onlooker
mutter, 'Not very good, are they?' I was inclined to agree. Then I was corrected by Alan
Glass, who was making a video of the action for a skateboarding company.
'Not everybody gets it right the first time,' he explained. 'You might need a lot of
attempts. Even with the guys you see on MTV doing incredible jumps, you have to
remember all the misses that have been edited out.'
Skateboarding's roots in the UK, legend has it, lie in the long hot summer of 1976, when
it was a kid's toy, nothing more and nothing less. It's been in and out of fashion ever
since, but there are two aspects - apparently contradictory - of the latest craze for it that
are significantly new. One is the degree to which skateboarding has developed into a way
of reacting against government policies: it has allied itself with the forces of urban protest
and with a youth culture that has succeeded in retaining some of the spontaneity and
integrity of the sport in the face of growing commercial interest. The other is the way it
has been taken up by a new generation who have been sold an image of street credibility
through music videos and computer games.
At 24, with more than half a lifetime of skateboarding behind him, Alan Glass bemoans
the way it has become cool again. 'For me and my friends, the best times were when it
wasn't fashionable. No embarrassing adverts on TV, no awful boy bands posing with
boards on the cover of magazines, nothing. Just me and my friends skateboarding while
you lot were at work, blissfully unaware that we were out there.' So speaks a true fan.
And to give you an idea of Alan's credentials, he broke his leg skateboarding in a
Safeway car park a couple of years ago. 'How uncool is that?'
1 The manoeuvres of the South Bank skateboarders are
a incredibly slow.,
b not very skilful.
c frequently unsuccessful.
d always spectacular.
2 What does Alan Glass say about the MTV skateboarders?
a Their jumps are computer-generated.
b Their unsuccessful jumps are not shown.
c Their first jump is usually successful.
d Their most dangerous jumps do not appear.
3 What do we learn about the skateboard?
a It was originally used by younger children.
b It was popular in hot climates.
c It was an immediate success with teenagers.
d It has been continuously popular since the 1970s.
4 In what way is skateboarding changing, according to the text?
a It has little appeal for urban demonstrators.
b It is no longer a spontaneous movement.
c It has become linked to political issues.
d It is an entirely commercial activity.
5 How does Alan feel about the changes?
a He feels older than other skateboarders.
b He enjoy the attention being given to the sport.
c He prefers skateboarding in a livelier environment.
d He dislikes the media image of skateboarders.
Vocabulary
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of these phrasal verbs.
make for • look into • draw into • give away • move in • stand up for • move on
1 What they were saying was so interesting that I was ______________ their
conversation.
2 You signed a contract, so you must be prepared to ______________your rights if they
do not keep to the agreement.
3 It was getting dark so we decided to______________ the nearest village and find
somewhere to stay.
4 After an unhappy time in his first job, Dave decided it was time to______________and
try something different.
5 The bank said they were sorry that there had been a problem with my account, and they
would _____________it immediately.
6 I won't bother reading that detective story now that you have______________ the
ending!
7 So you'd like to rent the spare room in our flat? Great! When can you______________?
1 It will be easier to wash your muddy trousers if you leave them to______in water first.
a drown b soak c moisten d bathe
2 If you are caught coming into the country as an illegal immigrant, you will be______ .
a dispatched b dismissed c discharged d deported
3 It was not until Sue left home that she realised the importance of close family______ .
a ties b ropes c cords d strings
4 A really ______ collector of modern art will appreciate the importance of these
paintings.
a ingenious b knowing c discerning d sensitive
5 That meat is______for human consumption.
a unfit b inadequate c incompetent d uneven
6 You are very______ if you think everything that you read about famous pop stars is
true.
a believable b gullible c trustworthy d faithful
4 Fill in the gaps with within, of, from, at, to, or beneath.
1 The lesson consisted______________ a listening text and then some comprehension
questions.
2 Be careful not to discuss Mark's surprise party if he is ______________earshot.
3 I was so embarrassed when I spilt coffee all over the tablecloth, I just wanted the
ground to open up ______________me.
4 I am really looking forward to hearing______________ Sue, she has not contacted me
since our holiday!
5 After he failed to obey an order, Sam was demoted _____________ a lower rank in the
army.
6 The caged bird pecked _______________his reflection in the mirror, he must have
thought it was another bird.
Grammar
5 Fill in the gaps using can't have, must have, needn't have, ought to have or could
have, with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 If you had finished writing the invitations, I ______________(catch) tonight's post.
Now they won't arrive until after the weekend.
2 I've tried phoning Jim but there's no answer. He ______________(get back) yet.
3 I've never seen Mike in that jacket before. He ______________(just / buy) it.
4 I feel really bad about arriving late. I know I ______________(ring) and let them know.
5 I______________(run) all the way to the station. The train was ten minutes late.
6 Complete these sentences using the passive form of the verb in brackets.
1 The Great Fire of London is known _____________ (start) in Pudding Lane, near
London Bridge in 1666.
2 The waxworks in Madame Tussaud's____________ (visit) by over two million people
a year.
3 Trafalgar Square looks much better now that some of the buildings____________
(clean).
4 People______________ (not / allow) to sell food for the pigeons in Trafalgar Square
any more.
5 It is estimated that after it is re-opened, the Millennium Bridge______________(use)
by 4 million people to cross the Thames each year.
7 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the third conditional.
1 If I _____________ (wake up) so late, I (miss) the bus.
2 Paul ______________(be) so angry if you _____________ (tell) him earlier about
breaking his stereo.
3 I _____________ (go) to the disco if I ____________(finish) my work.

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Test1

5 According to the travel agency, the images in their current advertisement

3 I found that book very________ (help) when I was writing my project.

5 These days it is______________ (common) to see horses in a big city.

3 My grandmother__________ (live) in this country for 40 years, but she ________

4 Dad________ (learn) to ski in 1990, techniques ______________ (change) a bit since

6 Complete the sentences using when, if or until.

2 Mark can't leave his job_________he has found another one.

4 _________I have collected my photographs, you can see them.

5 I can't get on the train________I've bought a ticket.

7 I'll lend you this book________ I have finished reading it.

• examples from at least 2 different areas, such as films, music, etc.

6 I know it was wrong, but I felt ___________ of my friend's success. (resent)

10 A trip to the UK or the US can be a good way of increasing the______________of

3 Choose the best answer, a, b, c or d, to complete the gaps in the text.

4 Chris's hobby is fixing and______________old motorcycles.

7 The earthquake______________the city unexpectedly and many people were killed.

3 Choose the best answer, a, b or c, for each gap.

2 This detective story, ____________ is set in Florence, is really exciting.

2 That is the person where I want to teach me the violin.

3 Is this the cinema who you were trying to find?

4 I don't know which shoes these are - do they belong to you?

5 Laura agreed with everything who you suggested.

6 Complete the sentences using the phrases below.

3 The world is at real risk from global warming, _________the experts.

Back at Dolphin Cove, the dolphins' contribution to the children's progress is

1 Jamie benefits from his sessions with the dolphins because

2 Scientists are concerned for the______________of the Tusker elephant. (survive)

3 We had a very______________sale in aid of an animal charity. (success)

4 The___________ effects of environmental damage is very worrying.(globe)

5 Lead-free petrol reduces ___________ in our cities. (pollute)

7 You need to be______________ well-qualified to work with wild animals.

10 Humans and chimpanzees share many______________. (characterise)

3 Choose the best answer, a, b or c, to complete the sentences.

3 Pam_____________ (never / see) animals in the wild: she'd love to go on safari.

5 At last John____________(decide) what he wants to do when he leaves school.

6 My parents and I______________(spend) every summer since I was a child at my

7 I______________(always / believe) that animals understand far more than we realise.

9 Mrs Jones______________(seldom / travel) outside the county where she lives.

2 Paulais working / works in a clothes shop before starting at university.

3 Mike is watching / watches history programmes on television in preparation for his

5 I enjoy / am enjoying detective stories, you should try reading one.

6 Jenny is painting / paints her room yellow, it should be finished by Christmas.

3 If you want to finish decorating your room today, you'll have

4 After days of wondering what to give Nick as a present, Ben______________the idea

5 According to the advertisement, the factory is ______________ five new employees.

6 My friend and I want______________an Internet site about national pop groups.

7 I'm sorry but I'm going to be late as the car has

9 When burglars______________Simon's house, they stole alt his mother's jewellery.

1 The use of private cars in towns and cities should be banned.

2 Wild animals should not be kept in zoos.

• write a short introduction

3 Occasional sleeping problems should not be ignored.

5 Recording sleeping patterns seldom helps.

8 You have to focus on your body in order to relax properly.

9 The old idea of counting sheep is no longer recommended.

10 Imaginary conversations may help you sleep.

2 Oh no, I______________of paper. I'll have to buy some more.

3 My sister is feeling depressed as last week she ______________with her boyfriend.

4 I______________an old photograph of myself as a child when I was tidying up my

7 I am trying to______________eating chocolate, but it's very hard!

3 Complete the text with the correct prepositions.

2 Jim______________ (worry) about his business all last year, so yesterday

3 My grandmother__ (live) in this country for 40 years, but she

4 Dad (learn) to ski in 1990, techniques ______ (change) a bit since

3 My parents have been trying_ _(improve) their spoken Italian,

4 you(not / enjoy) the film last night? I saw that

3 My parents have been trying_ _(improve) their spoken Italian,