BAB 1

PENDAHULUAN

1. Latar Belakang

Dalam menyelesaikan tugas membuat makalah dengan tema “Learning Through Stories”

kami dapat mempelajari mengenai cara penguasaan public dengan cara mudah dan tidak

mahal dan dapat menarik perhatian banyak para audience dengan suara dan gerak tubuh

yang mempermudah para audience menyerap pelajaran namun storytelling juga dapat

dapat menambah minat belajar bahasa inggris dari anak- anak sampai dewasa. Kosa kata

dan struktur kalimat yang ada dapat di eksploitasi sedemikian rupa untuk pembelajaran

bahasa karena bahasa di tampilkan melalui konteks yang jelas.

2. Rumusan Masalah

1. Description of storytelling?

2. Methods of storytelling ?

3. Example of storytelling ?

Tujuan

Makalah ini bertujuan untuk

A. Cara menguasai mengajar dengan metode bercerita

B. Cara menguasai audience dengan berbagai metode bercerita

C. Cara bercerita yang baik dan benar

 BAB 2
PEMBAHASAN

1. Description of story telling

Story telling describes the social and cultural activity sharing stories, sometimes with
improvisasion, theatric, or embellishment. Every culture has its own stories or narratives, which
as a means of entertainment, education, cultural preservation, or instilling mora values. Crucial
Elements stories and storytelling include plot,characters and narrative point of view.
The term “story telling” can refer in a narrow sense specifically to oral storytelling and also in a
looser sense to techniques used in other media to unfold or disclose the narrative of a story.

Story Telling is a means for sharing and interpreting experiences. Petter L Berger Says human
life is narratively rooted, humans construct their lives and shapes their world into homes in terms
of these groundings and memories. Stories are universal in that adaptive for all ages,leaving out
the notion of age segregation. Storytelling can be used as a method to teach ethics, values and
cutures norms and differences. Learning is most effective when it takes place in social
environment that provide authentic social cues about how knowledge in a social context. So,
every story has 3 a part :

1. The setup (the Hero’s world before the adventure stars)

2. The confrontation (the hero’s worls world turned upside down)
3. The resolution (Hero conquers villain, but it’s not enough for hero to survive. The hero or
World must be transformed). Any story can be framed in such format.

Human knowledge is based on stories and the human brain consists of cognitive machinery
necessary to understand, remember and tell stories. Humans are storytelling organisms that both
individually and socially, lead storied lives.

Stories mirror human thought as humans think in narrative sturucture and most often remember
facts in story form. Facts can be understood as smaller versions of a larger story, thud
storytelling can supplement analythhical thinking. Because storytelling requires auditory and
visual sense from listeners, one can learn organize their mental representation of a story,
recognize structure of language and express his or her thoughts.

Stories are effective educational tools because listeners become engaged and therefore
remember. Storytelling can be seen as a foundation for learning and teaching. While the
storylistener is engaged, they are able to imagine new perspective,inviting a transformative and
emphathetic experience. This involves allowing the individual to actively engange in the story as
well as observe, llisten and participate with minimal guidance. Listening to a storyteller and
listener can create lasting personal connections,promote innovation problem solving and fodter a
shared understanding regarding future ambitions. The listener can then activate knowledge and
imagine new possibilities. Together a storyteller and listener can seek best practices and invent
new solutions. Because stories often have multiple layers of meanings,listeners have to listen
closely to identify the underlying knowledge in the story. Storytelling is used as a tool to teach
children with the importance of respect through the practice of listening. As well as connecting
children with their environment,through the theme of the stories and give them more autonomy
by using repetitive statements, which improve their learning to learn competence. It is also used
to teach children to have respect for all life. Value inter-connectedness and always work to
overcome adversity . To teach this a kinesthetic learningstyle would be used,involving the
listeners through music, dream, interpretation, or dance.
(http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/storytelling)

2. Metthods for storytelling

2.1 storytelling with movement
stories that involve movement make it possible for children to physically participate in
the story. Encourage children to make a specific gesture when they hear a certain word or
to perform various actions mentioned in the story. For example, in the little red riding
hood, children can pretend to carry baked goods in a basket, to be the wolf, or make a
squeaking sound when a door is a opened.
2.2 storytelling with a magnetic board or felt board
The greatest advantage of using this methods is that it makes it possible for children to
tell stories in their own words and involve their favorite character.
2.3 recorder stories
 this way of listening to stories helps children develop their autonomy and makes it
possible for them to escape the hustle and bustle of group activities for a short while.
Furthermore, this methods helps children develop their own mental images.
2.4 storytelling with accessories
fill a box with items that are mentioned in the story you wish to read to your group. For
example if you planning on reading little red riding hood,your accessories box may
include a picture of a wolf, a recipe for baked goods,baked good, a picture of a
grandmother,etc. as you read the story, take the items out of your box in the order they
are mentioned in the story.
Of course, this methods requires a lot of patience since children will want to touch and
explore the items as they are presetend.they will most likely want to discuss them too.
This makes this methods great for developing their vocabulary.
2.5 storytelling with puppets
dollar stores often sell all kinds of puppents. They are therefore inexpensive accessories
that are sure to attract children attention.
2.6 stories using picture clues
picture clue stories involve a combination of words and pictures. They are great for
developing reading skills . Even if children are unable to read actual words, they can
participate in the act or storytelling.
(https://www.educatall.com/page/683/different-methods-for-storytelling.html)
3. Steps To Tell The Story To The Children
Not everyone is great at storytelling. If you are like me then you probably have never had
any drama lessons and the last time you read aloud was when you were ten years of age.
However reading to your child in important. It is so important that it is a big factor in
your childs development of literacy skills.
It took me awhile to get good at reading to my daughter. Looking back I was a
little bit hopeless to begin with but have gotten a lot better . Lucky for me I started
reading to her when she was newborn so my rusty storytelling skills had an opportunity
to improve before she developed the ability to walk away from a boring story telling
session.
 Here’s a list I’ve compiled of simple story telling techniques that I’ve found
useful when reading aloud to my daughter.
a) Create a story telling atmosphere
Firstly, ensure the child is comfortable and ready to hear the story. If your
child is still playing with a toy, or distracted you may find it harder to
maintain their attention for the whole book.
Involving the child in the decision making process also helps to
focus their attention to the task at hand “it’s time to read a book now.
Should we read could say. “I think we should read……tonight!”
Sometimes I give my daughter a choice of two titles – so once te decision
becomes her own, she is more attentive and willing to listen.
b) Win the audience with the first time
Capture your audience from the very beginning. Even before I begin to
read to y daughter I start to create the desired atmosphere for my first line.
With te closed book in front of us, I read the tittle of the book and open
each page slowly until I come to the first line.
c) Read book with great rhyme,rhythm and pace
The best kids book stand out as they have amazingly simple rhyme,rhythm
and pace that make them so enjoyable for yung children. When selecting a
book to read take note of the sentence length,the rhyming structure used
and think about how you vary the volume of your voice and the pace of
your speech to match the story. Slow your voice down when you read out
dialog. Quicken your pace when you describe actions.
d) Tell the story with FEELING!
Make sure you read to your children with feeling and passion! Convey the
mood and feelings of characters by using voice,eyes,face and arms. Your
voice can be loud,soft,high,low, fast and arms. Your voice can be loud,
soft, high,low, fast or slow. Use pauses and silences to increase tension.
Use your eyes, face and arms to convey happiness, sadness, excitement
and fear.
e) Play game with the book
 Have fun when you read to your children by paying games with the books.
Play word games- teach your children to recognize different word by
sight. Get your children to look for certain words repeated through book.
(makalah)
4. Steps To Mastering The Art Of Storytelling
A. Know your audience
This first step is crucial and will determine how long the story should be
and what the language you should be using.
B. Make them care
Whether emotionally, intellectually or aestheticaly, you need to make your
audience care. This is important in our world, where people tend to gloss
over posts and skim through content.
C. Set the scene
We experience the world through our senses and so, if you want to fully
capture your audience, you must engage their senses.set the scene and
provide your audience with context for the story.
D. Be creative with chronology
Sometimes you can choose to capatult the reader straight into the midst of
al the action, or to the end of the story to catch their attention. It is also
one of the easiest ways to arouse curiosity, suspense and tension in your
story. Since your reader does not know what is happening, they will
continue reading to solve the missing pieces of the puzzle.
E. Know your punchline
What is the purpose of telling story ? don’t not forget that although you
are doing this to eventually sell a product or services it should not feel that
way to the reader. The story can be funny. Meaningful, emotional or
mixture of these, or something completely different. Be creative, but do
not forget to always make it relevant and interesting.
F. Engange your audience
Erase the boundary between your reader and your story. Engage them with
a question (or two) and put them in the center of the story. This way, you
 create a first-hand experience of te narrative igniting the desire for the
reader to actually have that experience in real life.
G. Use tension
Ever read a book that was so intense you simply had to read until you
finished, completely forgetting about time and space? This is what you are
trying to achieve with your story. Be descriptive when telling about
climatic moments in your story.
H. End with a grand finale
Unless the story is to continue and you are intentionally building up the
suspense there should be closure in the story. Whatever plot you’ve bult
shoud be finished and leave no questions hanging in the air.
Add magic to your story by leaving your audience with a sense of awe the
sort of feeling you get when you leave the cinema after a great film. You
can do this by leaving them with a “big question” about humanty or
something similar to ponder about as they make their way back to their
hote.
I. Don’t be limited by words
A picture is worth a thousand words and videos all the more. They can
support your written stories and vice-versa. This is also to mean that you
can create new words provides that they make sense and their meaning is
well explained to the reader. Through this, you not only surprise and
entertain your reader, but you can also build your brand by using cleverly
coined words and phrases, even turning them into unique hashtags to
promote your tourism business.
J. Enjoy the process
As much as you enjoy creating the experience, you should also enjoy
reliving the experience in your stories.
(https://www.google.co.id/amp/s/www.trekksoft.comen/blog/10-steps-to-
mastering-the-art-of-storytelling%3fhs_amp=true)

5. Example of the storytelling

 PRINCESS ROSE AND THE GOLDEN BIRD
Most of us remember and cherish Cinderella as our most favorite character for
decades. There are many more fabulous and cherishing fairyytales featuring
beautiful characters. There are many unforgetabble and cherishing imaginary
characters live forever in everyone heart. One such beautiful and attractive girl is
princess rose. Princess rose and the golden bird is one of the unforgetabble fairy
tales. The tale of the princess rose is here.
Once upon time there lived a beautiful princess named rose. She had long, wavy
and shiny golden re hair! She was named rose. She had one glowing golden bird
who will visit her in the evenings.
The princess and the golden bird will sing mesmerizing song, where all people in
the kingdom peacefully sleep with sweet dream.the bird will begin making the
sounds seeing the beautiful hair of the princess and she will join with the bird.
Both of them used to sing lullaby to make people sleep and keep singing the
lullabies until sun rise.
While people lived peacefully, a wicked witch came to know about the golden
bird and the hair hair color of the princess rose. She cursed the princess and her
hair turned ugly black!
As usual, the bird started singing seeing the black hair of the princess and she
continued. While people fell asleep, none of them have sweet dreams, rather they
were terrible and fearful. Princess heard about the nightmare dreams and was so
worried.
She asked the golden bird what she should do to turn her hair red the bird asked
her to dip her hair in rose water and she did. Surprisingly, the hair turned beautiful
red with the usual glow. Undoubtedly, everyone fell asleep hearing the lullaby
and had sweet drams. Knowing this, the witch cursed again and now removed all
rose flowers and petals from the kingdom.
 FRIEND
Bunny rabbit lived in the forest. He had many friends. He was proud of his friends
One day bunny rabbit heard the loud barking of the wild dogs. He was very
scared. He decided to ask for help. He quickly went to his friend deer. He said
“dear friend, some wild dogs are chasing me. Can you chase them away with your
sharp antlers?’Dear said: “that is right, I can but now I a busy. Why don’t you ask
bear for help?”

Bunny rabbit run to the bear . “my dear friend you are very strong. Please help
me. Some wild dogs are very strong. Please help me. Some wild dogs are after
me.please chase them away.” He requested the bear.
Bear replied : “ I am sorry. I am hungry and tired. I need to find some food.
Please ask the monkey for help”
Poor Bunny went to the monkey,elephant,goat and all his friend, bunny felt sad
that nobody was ready to help him.
He understood that he has to think of a way out. He hid under a bush. He lay still
the wild dogs went their way.
(https://www.sekolahbahasainggris.com/9-contoh-teks-short-story-telling-bahasa-
inggris-beserta-artinya/)
 Preface
Alhamdulillahirabbil alamin praise and gratitude we pray for the presence of Allah SWT who
has given us health so that we can complete this paper. This paper present some content about
storytelling that is commonly used for the delivery of a subject.