Cells 3-7 Mark scheme (2006-2007)

0)
1. (a) (i) any one from 1 (L3)
· it is long and spindly accept ‘it is tall’ or ‘it has grown more’
accept ‘it is thinner’ or ‘it is thin’
· the leaves are far apart
· the leaves are white or accept ‘the leaves are yellow’
pale accept ‘it is lighter’
accept ‘it has no chlorophyll’
accept ‘its leaves are a different colour’
‘they are shrivelled or crinkled’ is insufficient
(ii) any one from 1 (L3)
· it has wilted accept ‘it is not turgid’
‘it has dried out’ is insufficient
· it has drooped accept ‘leaves pointing down’
· the leaves are floppy accept ‘it is floppy’
accept ‘it has shrivelled’
‘it has died’ is insufficient
‘it is discoloured’ is insufficient
(b) any two from 2 (L4)
· water accept ‘H2O’
accept ‘moisture’
· minerals accept a named mineral
award two marks for two named minerals
accept ‘nutrients’ or ‘salts’
do not accept ‘food’
· oxygen
[4]

2. (a) (i) C and E 1 (L6)

answers may be in any order
both answers are required for the mark
(ii) C 1 (L6)
(iii) any one from 1 (L6)
to trap or absorb light
photosynthesis accept ‘to make glucose or sugar or starch or
carbohydrate or food’
(b) (i) A 1 (L6)
(ii) any one from accept ‘lungs’ 1 (L6)
· windpipe
· trachea
· airways
· bronchus
· bronchiole
· oviduct or fallopian tube

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 (iii) to remove mucus accept ‘to remove bacteria’ 1 (L6)
accept ‘to move mucus along’
accept ‘to move or remove bacteria or dust
particles’
‘it is a self cleaning mechanism’ is
insufficient
do not accept ‘they clean dust or bacteria
out of the lungs
‘accept ‘to move an ovum or egg along’ if
the oviduct or fallopian tube is given as the
answer to part ii
(c) B 1 (L6)
[7]

3. (a) (i) · name: nucleus 1 (L6)

· function: it controls the cell 1 (L6)
accept ‘nuclei’
accept ‘it contains genetic information’
accept ‘contains chromosomes’
‘it is the brain of the cell’ is insufficient
(ii) tissue 1 (L6)
if more than one box is ticked, award
no mark
(b) (i) any one from 1 (L6)
· to push food or waste along
accept ‘for peristalsis’
· to break up large pieces of food
accept ‘mechanical digestion’
· to churn food
accept ‘to mix in enzymes’
‘to digest food’ is insufficient
(ii) · they speed up digestion 1 (L6)
accept ‘they digest them’
accept ‘they break them down’
accept ‘they turn it into amino acids’
(iii) · fibre 1 (L5)
if more than one box is ticked, award
no mark
[6]

4. (a) red blood cell accept ‘blood cell’ or ‘erythrocyte’ 1

(b) (i) B 1
(ii) A 1

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 (c) (i) testis or testicle 1
(ii) leaf accept ‘stem’ or ‘sepal’ or ‘stalk’ 1
or ‘any green part’
[5]

5. (a) (i) tissue 1 (L7)

(ii) mucus traps bacteria or dust accept ‘they are trapped by mucus’ 1 (L7)
cilia move mucus out of the lungs or windpipe 1 (L7)
accept ‘cilia move them upwards’ or
‘cilia move mucus’
accept ‘cilia remove bacteria or dust’
(b) any two from 2 (L7)
· mucus will build up accept ‘cilia cannot move mucus’
· airways will be partially blocked
accept ‘blocked airways’ or named part of
the airway
do not accept ‘lungs will be blocked’
accept ‘breathing will be more difficult’
· coughing
· lungs can become infected or bacteria are not removed
(c) Both the name of the substance and its effect are needed for each mark.
any two from 2 (L7)
· nicotine causes addiction or raised blood pressure or raised heart rate or
stops cilia working
· tar causes cancer or blocks the airways or clogs the cilia or builds up in the alveoli
do not accept ‘tar blocks the lungs’
· carbon particles cause coughing or cancer
accept ‘carbon monoxide reduces the
amount of oxygen carried in the blood’
[7]

6. (a) any one from 1 (L7)

· it is streamlined
· it has a pointed head
· it does not have much cytoplasm
do not accept ‘it is slimline’
‘its shape’ is insufficient
accept ‘there are enzymes in the head’
‘it has a nucleus’ is insufficient as it is not a
specific adaptation of a sperm cell

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 (b) (i) any one from 1 (L7)
· in the cytoplasm of the bacterium
· in a nucleus or within a
membrane in the cell from accept ‘the bacterium does not have a
the intestine nucleus or nuclear membrane’
accept ‘in the bacterium it is not enclosed’
(ii) any one from 1 (L7)
· it determines the
characteristics of the cell
· it transfers information accept ‘gives the cell instructions’
accept ‘it tells the cell what to do’
accept ‘to control the cell’
accept ‘allows the cell to reproduce’
(c) any one from 1 (L7)
· it has a large surface area
· the folds increase the surface
(d) they are independent cells or accept ‘each sperm cell is individual or 1 (L7)
they do not work together or works individually’
do not work in a group
‘the cells are not joined together’ is
insufficient
[5]

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