SFU Criminology 131 Aaren Lin, Nov.

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● Prisonization
○ Become institutionalized
■ Often state-raised offender

● Indicators of Prison Subculture

○ Values (through prisonization)
○ Inmate code (e.g no snitching, do your own time)
○ Social roles (e.g rat, square john)
○ Specialized vocabulary (e.g goof)

Classification & Case Management

● Classification determines institutional placement & programming by assessment of:
○ Static risk factors
■ Cannot be changed; e.g., criminal history, race
○ Dynamic risk factors
■ Can be changed w/ intervention; e.g attitudes

● Case management to match offenders to correctional programs & services

○ Key component is the correctional plan

RNR Model of Offender Rehabilitation

● Most effective - in community
● Risk
○ Individual’s risk to re-offend
○ Level of treatment required
● Needs
○ What factors to target to reduce recidivism?
■ All factors on the list are dynamic, except for criminal history.
■ Antisocial attitudes, peers, personality, family dysfunction,
substance abuse, school/work problems, lack of prosocial
activities
● Responsivity
○ Tailor programming to learning styles of the individual offenders

CSC’s integrated Correctional Programming Model

● Goals include
○ Teaching offenders skills to reduce harmful/risky behavior
○ Changing attitudes and beliefs
○ Developing conflict resolution skills, relationship skills
● Multi-target, indigenous, & sex offender streams
 ● 4 phases - offered in facility and upon release

Accountability in Corrections
● Inmate complaints
● Rights of inmates protected by the charter
● Court decisions relevant for inmates include:
○ Right off mothers to access mother-child program
○ Right to vote
○ Compulsory urinalysis is NOT a violation of rights

Effectiveness: Correctional Programming

● Adhere to RNR “principles” - up to 40% decrease in recidivism rates
● Education programs - can reduce reoffending
● Vocational programs can decrease institutional misconduct, and increase success in the
community, & help offenders find jobs
● Cost savings - $1 of correctional programming = a return of $1 - $8
● Programs for offenders with mental health issues can work - throughcare important

Release from Incarceration

Purpose & Principles:

● Conditional release
○ S.102, Corrections and Conditional Release Act (1992)
○ Offender will not, by reoffending, present undue risk to society before warranty
expiry date.
○ Release will contribute to protection of society by facilitating reintegration of
offender as law-abiding citizen

Release Options
● Escorted & Unescorted Temporary Absences
○ Eligibility varies by sentence & correctional system (prov/terr vs federal)
○ 95%+ Completion rates for both