IJEEE, Vol.

2, Issue 2 (April, 2015) e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426

RFID BASED SECURITY AND ACCESS

CONTROL SYSTEM USING ARDUINO
WITH GSM MODULE
1
Grewal Kaushal, 2Rishabh Mishra, 3Neelam Chaurasiya, 4Paramdeep Singh
1,2,3
B.tech -ECE, Lovely Professional University
4
Asst. Professor, Dept. of ECE, Lovely Professional University
1
grewal.kaushal@ymail.com, 2rishabh.mishra748@gmail.com, 1neelamlpu123@gmail.com,
4
paramdeepsingh.15905@lpu.co.in

ABSTRACT: There has been rising demand for secure
system that must be dependable and quick respond for the
industries and company. RFID (Radio Frequency
Identification) is one of the consistent and fast means of
identify the material object. In the long-ago the barcode’s
are more preferable as compared to RFID because of their
cost but now a day’s RFID are easily available and are
more convenient to use. Research has made some drastic
changes which makes its programming a lot shorter and
easier is because of replacing microcontroller with arduino.
Arduino makes the circuit and programming a lot easier to
understand. Paper is based upon security access and
control system using RFID and Arduino with GSM
module. Some of the sensors are used like PIR, LPG for
leakage detection. Security access system is very
convenient to use at home, office and commercial
buildings.
track items in production environment and to label items in
supermarkets. They are usually thought of as a highly
developed barcode.
However, their possible region of use is much bigger. This
paper presents applications that are probable using RFID
technology such as locate access control, location tracking,
billing easily and others. RFID tags are expected to
multiply into the billions over the coming few years and
yet, they are been treated the same way as barcodes
without taking into consideration the impact that this
advanced technology has on privacy.

Keywords: EM-18 Reader Module, RFID tags, Arduino

UNO board

I. INTRODUCTION
In this project there are number of phases

RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID):

This paper provides knowledge on radio frequency
identification (RFID) technology. Initially RFID tags were
made to eventually replace barcodes in different chains.
Their advantages are that they can be read wirelessly and
with no line of sight, contain more data than barcodes, and
are stronger. As the paper describes the recent technology, Figure 1
include the frequency ranges used and standards required. PIR:
With the increase in ubiquity of RFID tags, however, PIR sensors allow you to sense motion, also used to detect
privacy became unease. The paper outlines probable attack if a human being has Stimulated in or out of the sensors
that can go against one's privacy and it also describes range. They are small, low-cost, low-power, simple to use
contradict measures. The RFID technology did not stop at and don't wear out. For that reason they are commonly
thing-level tagging. The paper also presents current found in appliances and gadgets used in Homes or
research that focuses on locating and tracking labeled businesses. They are typically referred as PIR, (Passive
object that move. Since the uses for RFID tags are so Infrared) Pyroelectric, or IR motion sensors.
extensive, there is a large interest in lowering the costs for
production of RFID tags. It turns out that printing tags may
become a possible alternative to traditional production.

RFID tags or simply "tags" are small transponders that

respond to queries from a reader by wirelessly transmitting
a serial number or alike identifier. They are greatly used to
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Figure 2
PIRs are basically made of a pyroelectric sensor (which
you can see above as the round metal can with a
rectangular crystal in the center), which can detect levels of
infrared rays (radiation). All emits a few low level rays
(radiation), and the hotter something is, the more rays
(radiation) is emitted. The sensor in a motion detector is a
split in two halves. It is because we are looking to detect
motion (change) not average IR levels. The two halves are
hyper up so that they terminate each other out. If one half
is more or less IR radiation than the other, the output will
move to and fro (high or low).
Along with the pyroelectic sensor is a group of supporting
circuitry, resistor and capacitor. It
seems that most small hobbyist sensors use the BISS0001
("Micro Power PIR Motion Detector IC") without doubt a
very low-priced chip. This chip takes the output of the
sensor and does some minor processing on it to emit a
digital output pulse from the analog sensor.
Figure 3
International Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
LPG:
The LPG or propane which is flammable mixture of
hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in many applications like
homes, hostels, industries, automobiles, vehicles because
of its advantageous properties which include high energy
value, which produce the less smoke, produces less dust,
and does not cause to a great extent of harm to the
surroundings. Natural gas is used as fuel in houses. Both
gases burn to produce clean energy; however there is a
serious problem about the drip in the air. The gases being
heavier than air do not go away easily and may lead to
suffocation when inhaled also when gas leakage into the
air may lead to explosion. Due to the explosion of LP gas
the number of deaths has been increased in recent years.
To stay away from this problem there is a need for a
system to realize and also prevent leakage of LPG. Gas
leak detection is the procedure of recognize potentially
hazardous gas leaks by means of various sensors. The
sensors frequently make use of an audible alarm to alert
people when a dangerous gas has been detected.
II. LOGIC BEHIND THE SYSTEM
A. Concept
In this paper of RFID based security and access control
using arduino with GSM module, as we can see that there
are different modules of the project so it would be very
suitable to divide this project into certain phases:
RFID : We had used EM-18 RFID Reader Module that is
connected through arduino, its basic use is to provide
authorize access as this module can only provide access
when you are having a access card if there is any
unauthorized people try to break the security system them
this would make active other parts of the system.
Figure 4
ARDUINO UNO BOARD: It is an open source
electronics prototyping platform based on bendable, easy-
to-employ hardware and software. It is proposed for artists,
designer, hobbyists & anyone interested in generating
various design for objects or environmental purpose.
Arduino UNO is a board based on ATmega328
microcontroller. It consist of 14 digital input/output pins,
six analogue inputs, a USB link for programming the on-
board microcontroller, power jack, an ICSP header & a
reset button. It is work due to 16MHz crystal oscillator &
contains everything needed to support the microcontroller.
It is easier to use as the user simply needs to connect it to a
6 www.ijeee-apm.com
computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC
adaptor or battery to get in progress. The microcontroller
on the board is programmed using Arduino programming
language & Arduino development environment.
GSM: It is a very ultimate method of security as it alerts
different security personnel by providing a security
message on their mobile if in case of any unauthorized
access.
PIR Sensor: It is a motion detector as this sensor
performance is quite trustworthy & for a long time in
security measures.
LPG Sensor: It provides the detection of gas leakage.
III. WORKING AND RESULT
When RFID tag placed on the RFID reader as it read the
data and through reader its code send to the controller
which access with the controller match and receives code
with store code if the code is same then the security system
is authorized to use and access the data. Change the tag ID
in Access Control into sketch with the ID you have noted
down earlier and then connect arduino board with PC,
upload the sketch into the board. After access control
system the information is display on LCD and if the
information is not correct the alarm will start ringing.
If uploading is doing well, you will see the glowing of
LED. It means the system is prepared to read the tag. Now,
bring the tag near to RFID reader. If tag ID matches with
the ID in the code, lock will open for five seconds. It
closes manually after five seconds. Glowing of LED
indicate that the lock is open. Glowing of caution LED
means that you are using the wrong tag.
Flow chart of design system
Figure 5
SOFTWARE & PROGRAMMING: The software for
this project is written in Arduino indoctrination language.
The Arduino UNO is program using Arduino IDE
software. Atmega328 on Arduino UNO arrives with a boot
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loader that allows you to upload new code to it without the
use of external hardware programmer. It used to
communicate using STK500 protocol. You can also bypass
the boot loader & program the microcontroller through in-
circuit serial programming (ICSP) header, but with boot
loader the program is fast & simple.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 6
IV. CONCLUSION
RFID based security and access control system is more
secure and fast responded as compared to the other system
like biometric. The advantage of the RFID system is
contact-less and works without-line-of-sight. By using
arduino it is easy to access and works very quickly while
burning the code it is like plug and play device. Users can
change the function accordingly by using arduino. It is
easier to use and accurate also. Hence this project can be
useful for implementation of access control application for
tracking system as well as providing the security benefits.
This project can improve by raising the range of reader in
which the tag read.
FUTURE SCOPE
It depends upon how original one could be to enhance the
use of this project. But for us this project is practical for
future uses such as Smart cart can be interfaced with
wireless technologies to make it completely portable in the
near future. Payment of bills using mobile can be
implemented. A low cost RFID scanner can be
manufactured and used which can scan multiple tags
(products) simultaneously for faster processing and lesser
resources. Automatic scanning & availability of products
can be introduced. Pay preparation feature will be the latest
trend in upcoming years due to the boost in the ecommerce
industry.
e.g.: 1. in malls for generating bills without standing in
queue.
2. Gaming zone
3. Environmental problems to control and make
nature friendly.
4. Uses in ATM machines
REFERENCES
International Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engineering 7
[1] Bruno Crispo, Melanie R.Rieback, Andrew S Tanenbaum a paper on
“The Evolution of RFID security.
[2] A. Juels RFID security and privacy: A research survey IEEE Journal
on chosen areas in Computing, 24(2):381–394, February 2006.
[3] V. Subramanian, P. C. Chang, D. Huang, J. B. Lee, S. E. Molesa, D.
R. Redinger, and S. K.Volkman, "Printed organic transistors for
ultra-lowcost RFID applications", IEEE Transactions on
Components And Packaging Technologies, 2005.
[4] T. Phillips, T. Karygiannis, R. Kuhn, "Security Standards for the
RFID Market.
[5] Kamran Ahasan, Paul Kingston IEEE paper on “rfid applications: an
Introductory and exploratory study”.
[6] Stephen a. Weis, Sanjay E.Sarma, Ronald.L.Rivest a paper on
“Security and Privacy aspects of low cost radio frequency
identification Systems”.
International Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engineering 8 www.ijeee-apm.com
[7] Gynanendra K Verma, Pawan Tripathi, IIT Allahabad a paper on “A
Digital security system with door locks system using rfid
technology”.
[8] Mingyan Li, Radha Poovendran, Rainer Falk paper on “multi-domain
access control using asymmetric key based tag reader mutual
authentication.
[9] ABI Research, ―RFID Item-Level Tagging in Fashion Apparel and
Footwear, ‖ 4Q, 2009
[10] Ankit Anil Agarwal, Saurabh Kumar Sultania, Gourav Jaiswal,
Prateek Jain.‖ RFID Based Automatic Shopping Cart‖, Control
Theory and Informatics Vol 1, No.1, 2011.3
[11] V. Subramanian, P. C. Chang, D. Huang, J. B. Lee, S. E. Molesa, D.
R. Redinger, and S. K.Volkman, "All-printed RFID Tags: Materials,
Devices, and Circuit Implications", VLSI Design, 2006.