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ENGLISH PARAJUMBLES
Some theory:Part 1:

Every MBA aspirant starting his preparation for C AT 2008 will stumble into
parajumbles or jumbled paragraphs as they’re formally known, sooner or later. In
para jumbled questions -the instructions will always read Choose the most logical
order of sentences from among the given choices to construct a coherent
paragraph". Given below would be 4 or 5 perplexing sentences which he would
need to sort and arrange like a jigsaw puzzle. If one knows how to go about it, its
fun.Solving jumbled paragraphs is a science. It is so much of a science that you
can obtain an accuracy of 100% even if you are not a good reader.It always pays to
start small with simple questions. In this article, I will cover all the basic
techniques there are to solve jumbled paragraphs.

For me, cracking the parajumbles revolves around one basic technique: Suppose
you establish the link ‘BA’. The given options are (a) DABC (b) ACDB (c) CBAD
(d) DBAC. Now you are left with option (c) and (d) to examine. You read the
sentences in the order given by these two options and use your methods again to
determine which one is correct. Is establishing links between two sentences easy?
Not Always. However, easy or not, you can certainly establish links between two
or more sentences with the help of some friends found in the sentences. These
friends are:

TRANSITION WORDS:
Transition words make the shift from one idea to another very smooth. They
organize and connect the sentences logically. Observing the transition words found
in a sentence can often give you a clue about the sentence that will come
before/after that particular sentence. Given below are some commonly used
transition words: also, again, as well as, besides, furthermore, in addition, likewise,
moreover, similarly, consequently, hence,otherwise, subsequently, therefore, thus,
as a rule, generally, for instance, for example, for one thing, above all, aside
from,barring,besides, in otherwords, in short, instead, likewise, on one hand, on the
other hand, rather, similarly, yet, but, however, still, nevertheless, first of all, to
begin with, at the same time, for now, for the time being, in time, later on,
meanwhile, next, then, soon, the meantime, later, while, earlier, simultaneously,
afterward, in conclusion, with this in mind, after all, all in all, to sum up. So how
does knowledge of transition words helps us in para jumbles?Let's try out this
CATquestion:
(CAT 2001)

A. But in the industrial era destroying the enemy’s productive capacity

means bombing the factories which are located in the cities.
B. So in the agrarian era, if you need to destroy the enemy’s
productive capacity, what you want to do is bum his fields, or if you’re
really vicious, salt them.
C. Now in the information era, destroying the enemy’s productive
capacity means destroying the information infrastructure.
D. How do you do battle with your enemy?
E. The idea is to destroy the enemy’s productive capacity, and
depending upon the economic foundation, that productive capacity is
different in each case.
F. With regard to defence, the purpose of the military is to defend the
nation and beprepared to do battle with its enemy.

1. FDEBAC 2. FCABED 3. DEBACF 4. DFEBAC

Answer:
Look at the transition word ‘but’ in the first sentence. It signifies that the sentence
is expressing an idea contrary to an idea expressed in some previous sentence.
Now we need to find that previous sentence. If we further look at the beginning of
the first sentence, it says ‘but in the industrial era...’ which suggests that the
contrariness is with respect to eras. Looking further, we see that sentenceB andC
are also starting with statement about eras. But the transition word at the start ofC
is ‘now’ which expresses present era and hence it cannot chronologically come
before any other past era. That is, if information era is the present era, talk about
any other era will come bef ore this. So sentence B is the correct sentence to come
before the first sentence. Likewise, sentence C is the correct sentence to come after
the first sentence (sentenceC is continuing the idea). Therefore, we have the link
BA C. We see that option 1, 3 and 4 all have the link BAC. Furthermore, all the
three options have the link EBAC. Therefore, we only need to arrange D and F.
The sentence F states that ‘The purpose is….to battle with the enemy’ andD
questions ‘how do you battle with the enemy?’ Therefore, D will come after F.
HenceFDEBAC is the correct arrangement

PERSONAL PRONOUNS:
Personal pronouns are he, she, it, him, her, they, you, your
etc. Remember that personal
pronouns always refer to a person, place or thing etc.
Therefore, if a sentence contains a
personal pronoun without mentioning the person, place or
object it is referring to,
the person, place or object must have come in the previous
sentence. Often, this is a
good lead to identify a link. Solve thisC AT question:
(CAT 2001)
A. Although there are large regional variations, it is not
infrequent to find a large number
of people sitting here and there and doing nothing.
B. Once in office, they receive friends and relatives who feel
free to call any time without
prior appointment.
C. While working, one is struck by the slow and clumsy actions and
reactions, indifferent
attitudes, procedure rather than outcome orientation, and the lack of
consideration for
others.
D. Even those who are employed often come late to the office
and leave early unless they

are forced to be punctual.

E. Work is not intrinsically valued in India.

F. Quite often people visit ailing friends and relatives or go out of their

way to help them

in their personal matters even during office hours.
1. ECADBF 2. EADCFB 3. EADBFC 4. ABFCBE
Answer:
Look at the personal pronoun ‘they’ in sentence B: Once in
office,they receive friends
and relatives who feel free to call any time without prior appointment.
This they must be
referring to some people. The reference to some people only comes in
sentences A, D,
and F. Therefore, one of the sentences will come before sentence B.
Let’s see the link AB,
DB, and FB;
Link AB-
Although there are large regional variations, it is not infrequent to find
a large number of people sitting here and there and doing nothing.
Once in office, they receive friends and relatives who feel free to call
any time without prior appointment.
Link DB-
Even those who are employed often come late to the office and leave
early unless they
are forced to be punctual. Once in office, they receive friends and
relatives who feel free
to call any time without prior appointment.
Link FB-
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English Para Jumbles

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