Service Manual

100 Falco

ART # 410545
DOC # 53B43SM03
DOC # 53B43SM03 Pie Medical Equipment
Copyright © Pie Medical Equipment B.V.. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or
in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner.
Use of the information contained herein in any form and/or by any means whatsoever
is strictly reserved for Pie Medical Equipment B.V. and its licensees.
Use of this manual by unauthorized is strictly prohibited.

DOC # 53B43SM03 Pie Medical Equipment

DOC # 53B43SM03 Pie Medical Equipment
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................1
1.1 About this manual ...........................................................................................1
1.2 The 100 Falco.................................................................................................1
1.3 Warnings and Precautions .............................................................................2
1.3.1 Warnings .................................................................................................2
1.3.2 Precautions..............................................................................................3
1.4 Technical Specifications of the Scanner.........................................................4
1.4.1 Connections.............................................................................................4
1.4.2 General Specifications.............................................................................5

2 System Set-up .......................................................................................................7

2.1 Basic Set Up ...................................................................................................7
2.2 Programming Basic Settings...........................................................................8

3 Planned Maintenance ..........................................................................................15

3.1 Handling and Care 100 Falco .......................................................................15
3.2 Handling and Care probes............................................................................15
3.2.1 Basic precautions probes ......................................................................15
3.2.2 Additional precautions for intraoperative probes. ..................................15
3.2.3 Additional precautions for the needle guide. .........................................15
3.2.4 Agents and procedures that may damage the probes...........................16
3.2.5 General probe cleaning .........................................................................16
3.2.6 Maintenance of the intraoperative probes .............................................16
3.2.7 Maintenance of probes other than intraoperative ..................................17
3.2.8 Others....................................................................................................17

4 Corrective Maintenance .......................................................................................19

4.1 Unit disassembly...........................................................................................19
4.1.1 Unit ........................................................................................................19
4.1.2 Accessing the switched power supply ...................................................19
4.1.3 Accessing the main board .....................................................................20
4.1.4 Accessing the monitor board .................................................................20
4.2 Connector overview ......................................................................................21
4.2.1 Main board.............................................................................................21
4.2.2 switched power supply...........................................................................22
4.2.3 internal monitor......................................................................................22
4.2.4 Video and gain control board.................................................................23
4.2.5 Track ball and ON/OFF board ...............................................................23
4.3 Keyboard & ON/OFF circuit ..........................................................................24
4.3.1 Keyboard matrix ....................................................................................24
4.3.2 ON/OFF circuit.......................................................................................25
4.4 Parts list ........................................................................................................26

5 Explanations ........................................................................................................27
5.1 Main board....................................................................................................28
5.1.1 Digital Control ........................................................................................28
5.1.2 Analog processing .................................................................................29

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6 Service information ............................................................................................. 30
6.1 Saving & restoring settings........................................................................... 30
6.2 Saving & restoring software ......................................................................... 30
6.3 Hidden test menu ......................................................................................... 31
6.4 Changing video format and mains voltage ................................................... 34
6.4.1 Video Format ........................................................................................ 34
6.4.2 Mains voltage........................................................................................ 34
6.5 External keyboard functions......................................................................... 35
6.6 Problem localizer.......................................................................................... 36
6.7 Battery operation.......................................................................................... 39

7 Software .............................................................................................................. 40
7.1 Software versions......................................................................................... 40
7.2 Installation instructions................................................................................. 45

8 System verification .............................................................................................. 46

8.1 Checking probes .......................................................................................... 46
8.1.1 Checking electronic probes................................................................... 46
8.1.2 Checking mechanical probes ................................................................ 47
8.2 Checking unit ............................................................................................... 48

9 ESD..................................................................................................................... 49
9.1.1 What is ESD ......................................................................................... 49
9.1.2 Preventing ESD damage ...................................................................... 49
9.1.3 ESD save workshop.............................................................................. 50
9.1.4 ESD safe field service........................................................................... 51
9.1.5 More information about ESD precautions. ............................................ 51

DOC # 53B43SM03 Pie Medical Equipment

1 Introduction
1.1 About this manual

This service manual can be used to service the 100 Falco on board level.
The manual explains the functioning of the boards by means of functional block
diagrams while connections can be check at the connector overview.
Preventive and corrective maintenance is also included.

The circuit diagrams are only provided at the advanced service training
100 Falco, training level S12.

1.2 The 100 Falco

The 100 Falco is a high quality Linear Array and Curved Array scanner. The wide
variety of probes and software programs makes it suitable for virtually all-diagnostic
applications.

• Linear Array technology

A Linear Array probe is made up of, typically 80 or more, small rectangular crystal
elements mounted side by side to form a single strip. By triggering the elements
sequentially in groups, a rectangular ultrasound image is built up whose width
approximates the length of the array.
The ultrasound beam can be focused by using delay-lines to shape the wave front
transmitted by the crystal groups. Furthermore, by changing the beam shape in
sequential frames it is possible to work with multiple focal points.
The advantage of the Linear Array is its wide near field, which can be of particular
importance in Small Parts scanning.

• Curved Array technology

Curved Array technology is the same as Linear Array in every respect, except that
the crystal elements are formed into a curve, rather than into a straight line, which
gives a diverging ultrasound image.
The advantages of a curved array are its wide far field, coupled to a small "footprint,"
or narrow near field, which is often of advantage in abdominal scanning.

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1.3 Warnings and Precautions

1.3.1 Warnings

• A probe may only be connected to or disconnected from the scanner while the
instrument is switched off. Ignoring this may cause severe damage to your
scanner and/or probe.
• To avoid a risk of explosion the equipment must not be operated in the presence
of flammable anesthetics.
• To avoid a risk of electric shock do not open the equipment. Refer servicing to
qualified personnel only.
• Be careful not to place the patient into contact with the ultrasound equipment or
other devices. If the ultrasound equipment or other devices are defective, there is
a risk of electrical shock.
• For continued protection against fire hazard, replace fuses only with the same
type and rating.
• The use of non-Pie Medical components with this scanner may result in damage
to Pie Medical components.
• To prevent hazards, refer to your local requirements for adequate electrical
installation in case of class 1 type BF equipment.
• Do not subject the equipment to excessive shock, for example, when moving the
equipment. If the equipment is repeatedly subjected to excessive shock,
mechanical parts may be damaged.
• Assembly operations, extensions, re-adjustments, modifications or repairs must
be carried out by authorized persons.
• The electrical installation of the relevant room must comply with the IEC
requirements.
• The product must be used in accordance with the instructions for use.

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1.3.2 Precautions
• Cleaning the probe is done by first removing the ultrasound coupling gel with a
soft tissue and then gently wipe the probe dry using a new tissue or dry cloth.
• When more cleaning is required only a mild detergent or hand-soap may be used
together with some water and a soft tissue cloth.
• To avoid possible damage, the probe cable must not be coiled to a diameter of
less than 9 cm (3.5 inch).
• Although there is no danger to a patient with an implantable pulse generator
(IPG), ultrasonic scanning equipment could cause mechanical damage to the IPG
if used directly over the device's implant site.
• Do not use the equipment in locations subject to intense electric or magnetic fields
(near transformers, for example). If the equipment is used in such locations, the
monitor will be adversely affected.
• Do not use the equipment near devices generating high frequencies (such as
medical telemeters and cordless telephones). If used near such devices, the
equipment may malfunction or adversely affect such devices.
• To guarantee proper unit operation do not operate the scanner in an environment
with a temperature in excess of 35 °C. If the equipment is used in a small room,
the room temperature may rise. Proper ventilation must be provided.
• Avoid installation near a heater or in direct sunlight.
• For correct image geometry, only monitors properly adjusted by the manufacturer
may be used on the scanner.
• Inspect the probe carefully after a drop. A dangerous situation may arise due to
damaged insulation of the probe surface.
• To prevent damage to mechanical probes due to excessive heat, a warning
mechanism has been built into the system.
• Use of the needle guide is only allowed when the probe is covered with a sterile
hose or condom.
• Handle needle guides with care. Do not use the needle guide if it is deformed in
any way.
• Needle guides are not shipped sterile, or disinfected.

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1.4 Technical Specifications of the Scanner

1.4.1 Connections

100/130V Power input: Connects instrument to

200/240V operating power.
The identification label at the rear of the
instrument specifies the voltage setting of the
instrument.

FUSES 100-240V : 2 x 3.15 AT

The fuses are located in the mains entry at the
back of the unit. The fuses should be replaced with
fuses of the same type and rating:

Equipotentiality To connect the scanner to the potential

equalization busbar of the electrical installation.

Video OUT: Video output terminal. 1V(p-p), 75 Ohm.

Video recorder
IN: Video input terminal, for display of recorded
images via the scanner monitor. 1V(p-p), 75
Ohm.
OUT: Video output terminal for video recording or
printing purposes. 1V(p-p), 75 Ohm.

Footswitch Connector for the freeze and M-mode selection

footswitch.

RS-232 Terminal connector for factory test purposes,

and computer interface.

Probe connections One probe can be connected.

Diskette drive Floppy disk drive for image and data storage.

External keyboard An AT keyboard can be connected to this

connector.

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1.4.2 General Specifications

Scanning methods Multifocus Linear array

Multifocus Curved array

Display Modes B, Dual B, M, B and M

Scanconverter Full digital, 512x512x8

Post processing 10 Gamma correction curves

Patient ID On-screen alphanumeric keypad or external

keyboard

Caliper Microprocessor controlled, multifunctional

measurement system, able to measure Distance,
Length, Area, Circumference, angle, Time, Volume
and speed. Also controls the different calculation
packages for Obstetrics, Gynecology, Urology, and
Cardiology.

Display format Composite Video out

EIA/CCIR 1Vp-p, 75 Ohm

Mains 110V/220Volt, 50/60 Hz, 110 VA (max)

Battery 12 Volt DC rechargeable

Type: Panasonic Rechargeable Sealed Lead-Acid
battery
LC-R127R2P (12V, 7.2 Ah / 20 HR)
Constant Voltage Charge
Cycle use : 14.5 – 14.9 V (25º C)
(Initial current : less then 2.88A)
Standby use : 13.6 – 13.8 V (25º C)

NOTE: Replace battery with same type and

specifications only.

Dimensions W x D x H = 33 x 45 x 29 cm

Weight 11 kg without battery

Enclosure leakage and Within specifications for class 1type BF

Earth leakage current according to IEC 601-1. For ECG input type CF
according to IEC 601-1.

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Environmental Temperature 8-34 ºC Humidity up to 90% (20 ºC)
Operating conditions

General storage conditions Temperature 0-50 º C

Standards IEC 601-1, Class1, Type BF, internally powered

Systems accuracies Diameter, length, circumference and

corresponding calculations (e.g. BPD<>diameter)
are better then 90%. Volume and weight are
estimates.

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2 System Set-up
2.1 Basic Set Up

• Check the probe(s) (housing, cable and connector) as well as the scanner for
damage.
• Connect the probe(s) to the scanner. The scanner has two connectors at the rear
of the system.
• Press the connector of the probe, with the cable pointing down, into the connector
of the scanner and push firmly.

NOTE:
A probe may only be connected to, or disconnected from the scanner while the
instrument is switched off. Ignoring this may cause severe damage to the scanner
and/or probe.

• Before connecting the mains cable verify that the mains voltage matches the
mains voltage indicated on the serial number sticker.
• If a video printer is available, connect the video input of the printer to the video
output of the scanner marked:

• If a footswitch is available connect it to the connector on the rear of the scanner

marked:

• If a VCR is available connect the video output of the VCR to the video input of the
scanner marked:

• and the video output of the scanner marked:

to the video input of the VCR.

NOTE:
If several video devices are chained to one source, make sure they are all set to HiZ
or High Impedance, except for the last device in the chain whose impedance must
be 75 Ohm.

The use of ACCESSORY equipment not complying with the equivalent safety
requirements of this equipment may lead to a reduced level of safety of the resulting
system. Consideration relating to the choice shall include:
• Use of the accessory in the PATIENT VICINITY.
• Evidence that the safety certification of the ACCESSORY has been performed in
accordance to the appropriate IEC 601-1/IEC950 and / or IEC 601-1-1
harmonized national standard.

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• To prevent hazards refer to your local requirements for adequate electrical
installation.
• Adjust intensity and contrast on the monitor until all gray tones on the bar are
clearly distinguished from each other and from the background black. The image
is best viewed in a darkened room. Monitor adjustments may have to be repeated
when the surrounding light level changes.

2.2 Programming Basic Settings

Basic settings are settings that are stored in the non volatile memory of the scanner.
This means that when the mains power is switched off the settings will remain in
memory. After start up, the scanner is set to the basic settings that are programmed.

Note: The described menu’s can vary due to software version differences.
The following menu’s are applicable for software version C:4.0.

Program settings
The scanner is completely programmable to your liking. You can program the
scanner for different users or applications.
Before you start programming the scanner it is essential that you program the name
of the user or the name of the application by adding this name to the user menu.
Press SELECT and the Main menu will appear on the screen.

Obstetrics =>
Gynecology =>
Urology =>
Cardiology =>
Specials =>
Save recall image =>
Text =>
Body marks =>
Goto =>
User =>
Applications =>
Program =>
Multi measurement =>
Memory =>
About the scanner =>

Select Program.
The Program menu consists of a number of items that can be programmed
according to your wishes.

NOTE:
Be aware that you have to store the programmed functions by selecting "Save
settings" in the user menu. Before you store the programmed functions you must
check which user (by checking the user name) is activated. The (active) user name
will be marked with a √.

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System settings

Select System settings.

System settings =>

Caliper settings =>
Text settings =>
Grey maps =>
Goto =>
Macro =>
User Tables =>
Compose fetal age =>
Help =>
Installation
Extern video

The System settings menu will be displayed on the screen:

Time & date =>

Time format =>
Date format =>
Watchdog =>
Scale format =>
Ball sensitivity =>
Colour

Time & date

Select Time & date in this menu. A new menu appears:

Time (HH:MM:SS) 14:52:03

Date (YYYY-MM-DD) 1998-10-15

With the numeric keys of the keypad a new Time can now be entered.
Use the trackball to move the cursor to Date and use the numeric keys of the keypad
to enter the date.
When the new time and/or date is entered, the SELECT key must be pressed. The
updated time and date are now stored in memory.
The time and date are displayed in the left top corner of the screen.

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Time format
With Time format the display of time can be altered. Selecting Time format will
generate the following menu:

HH:MM:SS
HH:MM AM/PM

..:..

HH:MM:SS (Time is displayed in 24 hour format)

HH:MM AM/PM (Time is displayed in 12 hour format)

Activate the Time format of your choice.

Date format
With Date format the display of date can be altered.

Activate the Date format of your choice. Selecting Date format will give you the
following menu:

MM/DD/YY
YY-MM-DD
DD.MM.YY
DD-MM-YY
DD/MM/YY
../../..

Activate Date format of your choice.

Watchdog
The scanner can be programmed to switch off the mechanical probe and the keypad
illumination automatically, if the unit has not been used for a certain period of time.
This feature, called Watchdog, can be activated as follows:
Return to the System settings menu, and select Watchdog.
The following menu will appear on the screen:

Off
Short
Normal
Long

Off: The scanner will not go on standby.

Short: The scanner will go on standby after ± 1 min.
Normal: The scanner will go on standby after ± 10 min.
Long: The scanner will go on standby after ± 1/2 hour.

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Scale format
The Scale format gives you an indication of the depth and breadth of the image.
Return to the System settings menu, and select Scale format. A menu with two scale
formats appears on the screen. The first format is without the actual cm numbers
next to the scale, the second one shows the actual numbers. Move the cursor to the
scale format of your choice and press SELECT again. The chosen scale format will
now be installed.

Ball sensitivity
The sensitivity of the cursor movement in relation to the trackball can be
programmed.
Return to the System settings menu and activate the Ball sensitivity. The following
menu appears on the screen:

High sensitivity
Medium sensitivity
Low sensitivity

You can now choose between high, medium and low sensitivity.
In high sensitivity the cursor or caliper will jump immediately to another position when
the trackball is moved lightly. In low sensitivity the cursor or caliper will move only
when the trackball is rolled firmly.

Colour
Return to the System settings menu and select Colour. The colour of the caliper
cross and the text displayed in the image can be selected to be White, Grey or Dark
gray.

White
Grey
Dark gray

The criterion is the average brightness of structures to be visualized. If images in

which measurements have to take place are often light, a darker cursor may be
selected to make it more visible.

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 Installation
Return to the Program menu and select Installation. The Installation menu will be
displayed on the screen:

Settings =>
Language =>
PC Keyboard =>
Main menu =>
Measurement unit =>
Weight unit =>

Settings
The settings window will be displayed as follows:
Install default settings =>
Install settings from disk =>
Current settings to disk =>
Install scanner software =>

Install default settings

Select Install default settings. A menu appears and you can choose between
YES or NO.
Selecting YES: The original settings installed by the manufacturer will now be
activated (All the settings programmed will be erased).
Selecting NO: The menu structure will disappear from the screen. You can
continue. The stored settings will remain stored in the scanner.

Settings to/from disk

The settings to/from disk menu can be used to save and restore user settings to and
from floppy disk.
When selecting follow on screen instructions.

Install scanner software

In 100 Falco the software can be loaded from floppy disk and a back up of the installed
software version can be made.

Select Install software and follow on screen instructions.

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Language
Return to the Installation menu and select Language. From the menu that appears
you now can choose Dutch, English, French, German, Spanish or Italian.

PC Keyboard
Return to the Installation menu and select PC keyboard. From the menu that
appears you can choose the type of external keyboard that can be connected to the
scanner (English, German and French).

Main menu
Return to the Installation menu and select Main menu. A new menu will be
displayed:

Obstetrics
Gynecology
Urology
Cardiology
Veterinary
Specials
Animal Science

√) or deselected by
From this menu the different applications can be selected (√
pressing SELECT. Selected applications will be displayed in the Main menu.

Measurement unit
Measurement unit. A new menu will be displayed:

cm
inch

Now you can choose by selecting the corresponding item if you want to display the
scale-bar on the screen in centimeters (cm) or in inches (inch).

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Weight unit
Weight unit. A new menu will be displayed:

kg
lbs

Now you can choose by selecting the corresponding item if you want to display the
weight on the screen in kilograms (kg) or in pounds (lbs).

The items of the program menu have now been described and perhaps you have
programmed items different from those originally programmed by the manufacturer.
We remind you again that in order for the scanner memorize these changes they
should be saved under a user.

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3 Planned Maintenance
3.1 Handling and Care 100 Falco

Although the scanner is produced with the utmost care and only the highest quality
components are used, maintenance will be necessary from time to time to ensure
trouble-free operation.
• Remove loose dust from the exterior with a soft cloth or a dry brush. A solution of
water with a mild detergent may be used. Avoid aggressive cleaners.
• Check the ventilation fans of the unit for proper operation.
• Clean the track ball
• remove the track ball ring by turning counter clock wise
• remove the ball, adhesive tape might help to remove the ball
• clean the ball and O rings that touches the ball with alcohol.

3.2 Handling and Care probes

3.2.1 Basic precautions probes

Always follow these basic precautions:
• Inspect the probe daily for cracks and other damage.
• DO NOT use a probe that has been cracked or damaged.
• DO NOT use a probe that has been dropped or struck against another object until
it is inspected by a service engineer.
• Avoid pinching or kinking the probe cable. If the probe housing becomes cracked
or broken or if there are cuts or openings in the probe cable the electric safety of
the probe could be compromised.
• Disconnect the probe from the scanner before cleaning and disinfection. Make
sure to switch the system off before disconnecting or connecting the probe.

3.2.2 Additional precautions for intraoperative probes.

Always follow these additional precautions for intraoperative probes:
• Clean and disinfect the probe prior to use and between each exam.
• Use a protective sterile probe cover or hose to cover the probe during patient
exams.
• To avoid patient-to-patient contamination always dispose of probe cover and hose
immediately after each examination.

3.2.3 Additional precautions for the needle guide.

Always refer to the instructions delivered with the individual needle guide.

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3.2.4 Agents and procedures that may damage the probes.
Some agents and procedures damage probes. Use of any of the following
procedures or products WILL VOID your probe warranty.
Agents that contain the following chemicals are known to damage the probe:
• Acetone
• Methanol
• Denatured ethyl alcohol
• Mineral oil
• Iodine
• Any lotions or gels containing perfume

Check with the ultrasound gel manufacturer regarding gel contents. If you have
additional questions, please contact your representative.
The following procedures are known to damage probes:
• Autoclaving
• Soaking the probe in chlorine bleach

3.2.5 General probe cleaning

Cleaning the probe is done by first removing the ultrasound coupling gel with a soft
tissue and then gently wipe the probe dry using a new tissue or dry cloth.
When more cleaning is required only a mild detergent or hand-soap may be used
together with some water and a soft tissue cloth.

3.2.6 Maintenance of the intraoperative probes

• After each exam, regard the probe hose and any other wastes as potentially
infectious and dispose immediately.
• Wipe the probe clean with a towel.
• Scrub the probe with water and a mild detergent. Use a soft cloth or towel. Never
use an abrasive sponge.
• Disinfect the probe using Cidex‘ Activated Dialdehyde Solution according to the
manufacturer's directions.

After it has been cleaned and disinfected, the probes can be stored, either in the
probe holder on the scanner, or in its original case.

NOTE:
Always follow these basic precautions for cleaning and high level disinfecting:

DO NOT soak the probe in alcohol. Alcohol is nearly inactive against certain
organisms.

DO NOT rub the probe with an abrasive sponge when washing with soap and water.
Use a soft cloth or towel.

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3.2.7 Maintenance of probes other than intraoperative
• Clean the probe after each examination by wiping off the coupling gel residues
and other impurities.
• Wash the probe with a mild detergent and water every day.
• Store the probe in the probe holder on the scanner or place the probe in its
original storage case.

3.2.8 Others
For a proper use of the probes the following additional items are necessary:
• Protective probe covers (for invasive probes).
• High level disinfection solution (Use recommended brand only).
• Ultrasound coupling gel.
• Needle guide.
• Probe holder and tray.

This section “Others” briefly describes these supporting materials and for some of
them vendors are listed. Also vendors not listed may be able to provide these items.
The manufacturer does not endorse any product on any basis. Rather, on empirical
evidence, it is confirmed that these items as being acceptable to maintaining the
system and service warranty status in full.

Protective probe covers

You can use the intraoperative probe with gamma sterilized probe hoses. These
probe hoses are open on 2 sides, measurements are:
• Length 200 cm
• Width 10 cm
• Material thickness 0.05 mm
These hoses are not intended for reuse. Also discard the hoses if the expiration date
of the sterilization, as indicated on the package, is exceeded.
Severe allergic reactions, although infrequent, have been reported with medical
devices containing latex (natural rubber). Inquire for known latex sensitivity before
using latex probe covers and be prepared to treat allergic reactions promptly if they
occur. Ref. FDA Medical Alert MDA 91-1,
March 29, 1991.

Products for high level disinfection

Cidex‘ Activated Dialdehyde Solution is available from:
Surgikos, Inc.
P.O. Box 130
Arlington, Texas 76010
800-433-5009
(Within Texas: (817) 465-3141)
Technical information is available from the manufacturer. Call Johnson & Johnson
Medical Inc. Customer Relations at 800-423-5850.

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Ultrasound coupling gel
Use an ultrasound coupling gel to prepare the probe for an exam. Certain ultrasound
gels may be toxic to human reproductive cells. It is recommended that you check
with the product's manufacturer to determine appropriate use. Refer to the "Agents
and procedures that may damage probes" earlier in this section for additional
information about coupling gels.

Needle guide
• Clean the needle guide before, after and between each examination until no
visible tissue residue, fluid or other material remains on the needle guide. Scrub
the needle guide with water and a mild detergent. Use pipe cleaners to clean the
inner lumen of the needle guide.
• Sterilize the needle guide prior to the first use and between all subsequent
examinations.

There are two ways to sterilize the needle guide:

• Steam autoclaving.
• Soaking the needle guide in Cidex‘ Activated Dialdehyde Solution according to the
manufacturer's directions.

• After sterilizing the needle guide, rinse it in sterile water.

• Store the needle guide in a plastic bag in the original probe storage container.

Probe holder and tray

• Every day loose dust or coupling gel residues should be removed with a soft cloth
or a brush. A solution of water with a mild detergent is recommended. Abrasive
cleansing solutions should be avoided. The tray can be removed for cleaning.
• Check after cleaning the probe holders and probe tray for visual damage.

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4 Corrective Maintenance
4.1 Unit disassembly

4.1.1 Unit
1. Disconnect main cable.
2. Remove probe cover and probe.
3. Place Scanner 100, on foam, with the monitor screen pointed downwards.
4. Remove the battery compartment cover and battery.
5. Remove the 6 screws indicated by # 1 and shift the back part housing upwards.
6. Remove the carrying bar.

1 1 1

4.1.2 Accessing the switched power supply

1. See 4.1.1 Unit.

2. Remove the screws indicated by # 2.
3. Loosen, do not remove, the screws indicated by # 3.
4. Open the cover.

2 2
2

Switched
2 Power
Supply

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4.1.3 Accessing the main board

1. See 4.1.1 Unit.

2. Disconnect the connectors from the main board assembly.
3. Loosen, do not remove, the four screws marked by # 4.

5
4

4. Shift the main board assembly carefully backwards.

5. Disconnect the keyboard cable and trackball cable from main board assembly and
then remove the main board assembly.
6. To access the main board, remove the cover # 5.

4.1.4 Accessing the monitor board

1. See 4.1.2 Accessing the switched power supply.

2. Remove the screws marked with # 6.
3. Disconnect the connector to the monitor board and remove the monitor board

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4.2 Connector overview

4.2.1 Main board

P22 is not used in 100 Falco

Dipswitch setting for 100 Falco: bit 1 = ON
bit 2...8 = OFF

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4.2.2 switched power supply
switched power supply version: Advantec
ret
ret
GND
Vaccu
Vaccu

ret
HV switch
ret
HV sel
POWon
Batlow

ret
ret
220 V ret
+5V
position +5V
+13V
+13V
+13V
110 V -12V
-12V
position -70V
ret
+70V
ret
-180V

ret: GND
HV switch (HVEN):
“0”= High Voltage disabled
“1”= High Voltage enabled
HV Sel: not used, always “0”
POWon (ON/OFF): “0”= switched power supply enabled
“1”= switched power supply disabled
Batlow: “1”= battery full
“0”= battery empty (battery low icon is displayed)

4.2.3 internal monitor

GND
--
Contrast Brightness
Brightness
Cont . max
Cont. wp
13 V
Video in
Cont. min
GND

V
sh
H H ift
wi wi H
dt dt sh Brightness
h h ift

DOC # 53B43SM03 22 Pie Medical Equipment

4.2.4 Video and gain control board

4.2.5 Track ball and ON/OFF board

Connector P1 is connected to the main board P4003.

Connector P2 is connected to keyboard connector P4.
Connector P3 is connected to keyboard connector P3.

DOC # 53B43SM03 23 Pie Medical Equipment

4.3 Keyboard & ON/OFF circuit

4.3.1 Keyboard matrix

DOC # 53B43SM03 24 Pie Medical Equipment

4.3.2 ON/OFF circuit

The ON/OFF board incorporates the take over relay for the ON key on the keyboard.

The switched power supply will start up when the ON/OFF signal is connected to
GND.
When pressing the ON key on the keyboard, ON/OFF is connected to GND and the
switched power supply starts up.
As a result the +5 V will be available and relay R2 becomes active. The take over
contact closes and the ON/OFF signal is connected to GND.
To switch off the unit the OFF key on the keyboard has to be pressed.
The transistor activates relay R1 and the contact will open. This will disable relay R1
and the unit will switch off.

DOC # 53B43SM03 25 Pie Medical Equipment

4.4 Parts list
For up to date parts list refer to Pie Medical Service magazine

Description Art #

Mainboard assy in metal shielding 710063

Video monitor unit, CCIR/EIA 710064
Power supply 700147
Trackball assembly 310440
Keyboard Falco 310487
Battery 401515
3.5" Floppy Disk Drive 308508
Housing, plastic part only 307589
Handle 307568
Battery compartment cover 307561
Re-charger 401534
Fan 307730
Gain potentiometer 10k, near/far/total/contrast/brightness 205119

DOC # 53B43SM03 26 Pie Medical Equipment

5 Explanations
The 100 Falco is a 30 channel system and can operate with Linear Array and
Curved Array probes. The image is displayed on a 9” internal monitor.
The floppy disk, keyboard and track ball are used as user interface.

The switched power supply provides the supply voltage for the main board, multi
connector board and internal monitor and it generates the high voltage, used for
acoustic power, as well.

Almost all functions are located on the main board. All analog processing of ultrasound
data is done in the “analog processing circuit”. All transmit and receive settings are
controlled by the Digital receiver.

DOC # 53B43SM03 27 Pie Medical Equipment

5.1 Main board

The functions of the main board are divided over 2 functional blocks:
• Digital control
• Analog processing

5.1.1 Digital Control

The digital control includes the CPU function.
The CPU circuit is built around a 68020 processor. The software for this processor is
loaded in FLASH PROMS and the software can be downloaded from floppy disk.
User settings are also stored in FLASH PROMS. All user settings can be saved and
retrieved to and from floppy disk. See chapter 6, Service information page 30.
A Real Time Clock is used to display the time and date.

The digital receiver controls all settings for the analog processing.
All transmit and receive settings are generated by this circuit as well as the control
signals to position the crystal in mechanical probes.

Digital samples are taken from the received ultrasound information Zout.
The orientation of the samples is from top to bottom while the video lines are from
left to right.
The converter changes the up/down orientation of the ultrasound information into
left/right orientation for video.

The interpolated ultrasound data and overlay (text and menus) are converted into the
analog video signal in the video stage.

DOC # 53B43SM03 28 Pie Medical Equipment

5.1.2 Analog processing
The analog processing takes care of transmitting and receiving the ultrasound
waves.
The unit is a 30 channel system and therefor there are 30 pulsers and 30 pre-amps.
The EP signal (emission pulse) triggers the pulser that generates the high voltage
pulse which causes the crystal to start oscillating. The crystals starts transmitting.
After transmitting the crystals are receiving returned ultrasound information. This
amplitude modulated information is amplified by the PRETGC amplifier.
The PreAmp is a voltage controlled amplifier that amplifies the returned signal in
relation to the depth.
The larger the depth the more amplification is needed to display the same intensity
for the same tissue. These losses of intensity are caused by absorption and
scattering.

DOC # 53B43SM03 29 Pie Medical Equipment

6 Service information
6.1 Saving & restoring settings
In 100 Falco all system settings can be loaded from floppy disk and a back up of the
installed settings can be made.
Only use DOS formatted HD 1.44 MB floppy disks.

Press: SELECT
Now select: Program
Now select: Installation
Now select: Settings

The installation window will be displayed as follows:

Install default settings =>

Install settings from disk =>
Current settings to disk =>
Install scanner software =>

Now select: Settings to/from disk.

Follow the on screen instructions.

6.2 Saving & restoring software

In 100 Falco the software can be loaded from floppy disk and a back up of the installed
software version can be made.
Only use DOS formatted HD 1.44 MB floppy disks.

Press: SELECT
Now select: Program
Now select: Installation
Now select: Settings

The installation window will be displayed as follows:

Install default settings =>

Install settings from disk =>
Current settings to disk =>
Install scanner software =>

Now select: Install software.

Follow the on screen instructions.

When installing new software it is advisable to make a back up of the installed software
version first (4 DOS formatted HD 1.44 MD floppy disks needed).

DOC # 53B43SM03 30 Pie Medical Equipment

6.3 Hidden test menu

The test menu is a service purpose menu and may be activated by authorized
personnel only.

To activate the test menu, connect an external keyboard and type: secret

The following menu is displayed:

Show console =>

Bourne shell =>
Debuggers =>
Windows demo =>
Performance =>
Test Pattern =>
Probe info =>
Biopsy angle =>
Lateral correction =>
Show diagnostics =>
Codes =>
Installation =>

Show console
This menu will display error messages, recognized by the software, at the active
moment.

Bourne shell
The only instruction that may be entered in this menu is; pdiag –c [return]
This function will erase the data displayed in the Show diagnostics menu.

Debuggers
Used at factory only.

DOC # 53B43SM03 31 Pie Medical Equipment

Windows demo
Selecting this menu will display the following menu:

Move Beethoven =>

See Zebra =>
See Penguins =>
Lifetest =>

Lifetest
In lifetest mode the scanner activates all possible image modes.

Performance
A performance meter is displayed and indicates the activity of MPU and interrupts.

Test Pattern
Used at factory only.

Probe info
This menu displays information about the active probe, such as:
image mode
probe type
probe code
number of echo lines
line time
number of Mmode and Bmode lines

Biopsy angle
Used at factory only.

Changing these settings may cause wrong diagnosis.

Lateral correction
Used at factory only.

Changing these settings may cause wrong diagnosis.

DOC # 53B43SM03 32 Pie Medical Equipment

Show diagnostics
This menu shows an error log file.
The log file can be erased in the Bourne shell.

Codes
Used at factory only.

Installation
Selecting this menu will display the following menu:

Video setting
See 6.4.1 Video Format, page 34.

DOC # 53B43SM03 33 Pie Medical Equipment

6.4 Changing video format and mains voltage

6.4.1 Video Format

The video setting EIA or CCIR can be set through the software menus.

To activate the test menu, connect an external keyboard and type: secret

Now select INSTALLATION and then VIDEO STANDARD.

Select the requested video standard (EIA is 525 video lines, CCIR is 625 video
lines). After pressing SELECT the system will restart.

The internal monitor will adapt automatically to the selected video standard and does
not need to be re-adjusted.

6.4.2 Mains voltage

NOTE
Always turn system power off and remove the power cord from the power source
before working on the switched power supply.

Remove the back part housing as described in section 4.1.1Unit, page 19 and set the
mains voltages selector to the required position.

NOTE
After changing the mains input voltage or the video format change the ID label as well

DOC # 53B43SM03 34 Pie Medical Equipment

6.5 External keyboard functions

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6
KEY B B+B M B+M FOCUS ZONE
ALT BMline Mspeed
SHIFT BPD FL CRL AD AC HC
CTRL TXT1 TXT2 TXT3 TXT4 TXT5 TXT6

F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12

KEY DEPT- DEPTH+ FREQ M1 M2 SAVE
ALT DMIN DMAX BIOPSY M3 M4 RECALL
SHIFT US1 US2 EDD LMP
CTRL TXT7 CURSOR COMP. BODYM NEW PATIENT

SPECIAL KEYS

KEY FUNCTION
ESCAPE ESCAPE
PAUSE FREEZE
PRINTSCR PRINT
HOME QUIT MENU
END AGAIN
PAGE UP ESCAPE
PAGE DO START
CURSOR KEYS CURSOR KEYS
NUM LOCK BALL EMULATION ON/OFF

KEY FUNCTION
NUM LOCK ON NORMAL

NUMLOCK OFF BALL EMULATION

1, 7 START
3, 9 ESCAPE
0 SET
8 BALL UP
2 BALL DOWN
4 BALL LEFT
6 BALL RIGHT

CTRL _ ALT _ DEL = NEW PATIENT

DOC # 53B43SM03 35 Pie Medical Equipment

6.6 Problem localizer

Problem description Possible cause

No proper start up keyboard unit
switched power supply
MPU circuit, on main board
Action #1
Connect signal ON/OFF, main board connector P4014 pin 3 (yellow wire) to GND
(connect by means of a pair of tweezers to the metal shielding.
Now there are 3 possibilities:
1. nothing happens: switched power supply defective or problem in MPU circuit.
2. scanner starts up and remains on, even when disconnected from GND: problem
in keyboard.
3. scanner starts up and shuts down when disconnecting the ON/OFF signal from
GND: problem in ON/OFF.

Problem description Possible cause

No image on monitor no start up
Brightness/Contrast settings
internal monitor
video stage, on main board
Action #1
Check brightness and contrast
Action #2
When probes are active (LED is lit) and when pressing a key on the keyboard a beep
can be heard, the MPU is running.
If not: see No start up
Action #3
Connect external video monitor or video printer:
Image on external monitor/printer: Internal monitor defective
Action #4
No image on external monitor/printer: main board defective

DOC # 53B43SM03 36 Pie Medical Equipment

Problem description Possible cause
Probe not recognized by scanner Software
Probe
Main board
Action #1
Check software version of scanner (about scanner menu) and check minimum
software version for probe model in the service magazine or Chapter 7 Software
Software versions, page 40
Action #2
Check probe connector for broken pins and check probe on other scanner (with
correct software version installed.
Action #3
If software is correct and probe is OK, problem on main board.

Problem description Possible cause

No ultrasound information Gain settings
Probe
High voltage not present
RF circuit, on main board
Action #1
Check gain potentiometer settings and gain settings in Probe/TGC menu.
Action #2
Try other probe, or probe on other system.
Action #3
Measure the High Voltage, generated on the switched power supply.
(on main board connector P22 pin 7 (-70V) and P22 pin 8 (+70V) or on switched
power supply).
• High Voltage not present: switched power supply defective or control
signal HVEN always “0”.
• High Voltage present: problem on main board

DOC # 53B43SM03 37 Pie Medical Equipment

Problem description Possible cause
Poor ultrasound information Image and Gain settings
Probe
High voltage not present
RF circuit, on main board
Action #1
Check gain potentiometer settings and gain settings in Probe/TGC menu.
Check image settings such as focal points and Processing curve.
Action #2
Try other probe, or probe on other system.
Action #3
Measure the High Voltage, generated on the switched power supply.
(on main board connector P22 pin 7 (-70V) and P22 pin 8 (+70V) or on switched
power supply).
• High Voltage not present: switched power supply defective or control
signal HVEN always “0”.
• High Voltage present: problem on main board

Problem description Possible cause

Please insert disk message Floppy disk
Disk drive
Floppy controller
Action #1
Check floppy disk, only formatted HD disk can be used. Note that floppy disks may
get corrupted when ejecting as the green LED of the floppy disk drive is still lit
Action #2
Check floppy disk drive and cable to disk drive.
Action #3
Problem on main board

Problem description Possible cause

High voltage malfunction message probe
Main board
Switched power supply
Action #1
If possible check unit with other probe or probe on other unit to detect which part is
defective.
Action #2
Measure the high voltage generated on the switched power supply.
If present: main board defective.
If not present: switched power supply defective.

DOC # 53B43SM03 38 Pie Medical Equipment

6.7 Battery operation

The 100 Falco can be operated by using a battery.

Below you will find frequently asked questions.

Is the battery charged when delivered?

Yes, but needs to be recharged before use.

What is the maximum operation time when using the battery?

One hour of constant scanning

Is the battery charged when installed in the unit?

Yes, as long as the mains cable is connected.

What is the maximum charge time until the battery is completely full when the
battery is installed in the unit?
The charge time for batteries that are being charged when the “battery low” icon is
displayed is 5 hours.
For batteries that are completely empty (used until the scanner switches off when
running on the battery) the charge time is 24 hours.

What is the maximum charge time until the battery is completely full when using
external charger, Model # 41534?
Same as when charged in the unit.
The advantage of the external charger and extra battery is off course that one
battery can be charged while using the other.

Is the battery discharged when the mains cable is not connected while stored?
Yes. Depending on the switched power supply type the battery is discharged after 2
weeks.

When storing the unit is it recommended to connect the mains cable or disconnect
the battery?
This depends on the storage period. For a short period (week) it is recommended to
store with the mains connected. In this way the battery is recharged.
When storing for months it is recommended to disconnect the battery.
Storing with the mains connected does not influence the battery nor the switched
power supply, it will only raise your electricity bill.

DOC # 53B43SM03 39 Pie Medical Equipment

7 Software
7.1 Software versions

• Software version C:4.0

Available probes: (* marked are preferred)

Article # Description Needle guide type

401512 Curved Array R40 DF 3.5/5.0 MHz 80el 16ch Soft lens I
401513 Curved Array R17 5.0/7.5 MHz 80el 16ch Hard lens M
401518 Linear Array 5.0/7.5 MHz 64el 12ch 67mm Soft lens VET -
401519 Linear Array 5.0/7.5 MHz 64el 12ch 67mm Soft lens B
401520 Linear Array 3.5/5.0 MHz 64el 12ch 120mm Soft lens A
401525 Linear Array 7.5 MHz 64el 12ch 40mm Hard lens K
401586 Curved Array R17 5.0/7.5 MHz 80el 16ch Soft lens M
401587 Curved Array R40 DF 3.5/5.0 MHz 80el 16ch Soft lens I
401612 * Curved Array R40 HD 3.5 MHz 112el 30ch Soft lens I
401663 Linear Array 6.0/8.0 MHz 80el 30ch 60mm Soft lens L
401664 * Curved Array R75 3.5/5.0 MHz 128el 30ch Soft lens A
401665 * Curved Array R40 DF 3.5/5.0 MHz 80el 30ch Soft lens I
401667 * Curved Array R17 5.0/7.5 MHz 80el 30ch Soft lens M
401669 * Linear Array 3.5/5.0 MHz 80el 24ch 120mm Soft lens A
401670 * Linear Array 6.0/8.0 MHz 80el 30ch 60mm Soft lens VET -
401671 * Linear Array 7.5 MHz 80el 30ch 40mm Soft lens N
401785 Curved Array R40 DF 3.5/5.0 MHz 80el 30ch Soft lens I
401788 * Curved Array R10EC 5.0/7.5 MHz 128el 30ch Soft lens O
402198 * Linear Array 8.0 MHz 128el 30ch 40mm Soft lens R
410054 * Linear Array 6.0/8.0 MHz 80el 30ch 60mm Soft lens L

Available languages Available applications

1. English 1. Obstetrics
2. Dutch 2. Gynecology
3. German 3. Urology
4. French 4. Cardiology
5. Italian 5. Veterinary
6. Spanish 6. Specials
7. Animal science

DOC # 53B43SM03 40 Pie Medical Equipment

Available calculation packages:

1. Obstetrics
Fetal age tables
User programmable tables 2 per user (total of 10)
EDD/LMP Calculation
Manual Input LMP
Ratio
FW Calculated from BPD and AC measurements
and Lookup table form Sheppard.
Biophysical observations
Observed fetal anatomy
Observed maternal anatomy
Report (5 pages)

Available medical fetal age tables:

AC Campbell C:002 AD Eriksen C:002

Hadlock C:001 Hansmann C:002
Hansmann C:002 Staudach C:002
Nicolaides C:000 BPD Campbell C:002
Staudach C:002 Hansmann C:003
Chitty C:000 Kurtz C:001
CRL Hansmann C:004 Nicolaides C:000
Robinson C:003 Staudach C:003
Staudach C:004 Rempen C:000 (EV)
Rempen C:000 (EV) Hadlock C:000
FL Hansmann C:003 HC Campbell C:003
Jeanty C:001 Hadlock C:001
Nicolaides C:000 Hansmann C:001
O'Brien C:001 Nicolaides C:000
Staudach C:003 Staudach C:001
Chitty C:000 GSD Hellman C:001
OFD Hansmann C:000 Rempen C:000 (EV)
Nicolaides C:000 MAD Rempen C:000 (EV)

2. Gynecology:

Uterus: Length, AP Diameter, Coronal Width

Right Ovary: Length, AP Diameter, Width
Left Ovary: Length, AP Diameter, Width
Endometrium
Report (2 pages)

3. Urology:

Kidney: Length, Height, Report

Bladder: Transverse, Sagittal, Oblique
Coefficient, Report
Prostate: Transverse, Sagittal, Oblique Report

DOC # 53B43SM03 41 Pie Medical Equipment

4. Cardiology:

Left ventricle calculations B-MODE DODGE SINGLE PLANE

Left ventricle calculations B-MODE DODGE BIPLANE
Left ventricle calculations B-MODE BULLET
Left ventricle calculations M-MODE
Left ATRIUM/AORTA calculations
MITRAL VALVE calculations
PULMONARY VALVE calculations
Each with special report page

4. Veterinary Cardiology

Left ventricle calculations B-MODE DODGE SINGLE PLANE

Left ventricle calculations B-MODE DODGE BIPLANE
Left ventricle calculations B-MODE BULLET
Left ventricle calculations M-MODE
Left ATRIUM/AORTA calculations
MITRAL VALVE calculations
PULMONARY VALVE calculations
Each with special report page in which a selection for Cat, Horse and Dog
can be made. In addition the weight of the dog can be programmed to obtain
corresponding normal ranges.
The Veterinary Cardiology selection is automatically made if the systems
main menu contains either Veterinary or Animal Science.

5. Veterinary:

Sheep CRL Bogaard C:000

Swine Heart LAX Fraunholz C:000
Stomach LAX Fraunholz C:000
Bovine CRL White C:000
Trunk Diam. White C:000
Brain Diam. Kähn C:000
CRL Kähn C:000
CRL Hughes C:000
Uterine Diam. White C:000
Equine Eyeball Diam. Kähn C:000
Rump Diam. Kähn C:000
Skull Diam. Kähn C:000
GSD Pipers C:000
Llama BPD Haibel C:000

Report (2 pages)

DOC # 53B43SM03 42 Pie Medical Equipment

6. Specials:

Graf: Hip-Joint classification

Thyroid: Volume measurement
Volume: General volume measurement using 3 distances, D1,
D2 and D3. Where V = π/6 x D1 x D2 x D3

7. Animal science:

A special calculation program for Back-fat scanning and the

determination of the percentage intermuscular fat for:
Beef Hide thickness
Fat thickness
Loin thickness
Loin area
Quip Index
Weight
Sheep Fat thickness
Loin thickness
Loin area
Weight
Swine Fat thickness
Loin thickness
Loin area
Weight
Automatic Loin area calculation
Report (3 pages)

Known restrictions in this release

• User interface language Russian is not yet supported.

• Images saved to floppy with Scanner 100/240/250+ cannot be loaded on
100 Falco/240 Parus/260 Corvus. Images saved to floppy with
100 Falco/240 Parus/260 Corvus cannot be loaded on
Scanner 100/240/250+.
System settings saved to floppy with Scanner 100/240/250+ cannot be loaded
on 100 Falco/240 Parus/260 Corvus. System settings saved to floppy with
100 Falco/240 Parus/260 Corvus cannot be loaded on Scanner
100/240/250+.
• Several .BMP viewers available under Microsoft Windows and Unix are not
suitable for viewing images saved by SD 240E and SD240, due to a problem
with aspect ratio. These include a.o.
Microsoft Paint, Paintshop Pro, ACDSee, Graphic Work Shop, Xv (Unix), The
Gimp (Unix). However they can be viewed correctly with “Imaging (Wang or
Kodak)”, available in most releases of Microsoft Windows

DOC # 53B43SM03 43 Pie Medical Equipment

• Software version C:4.1

Improvements:
New probe: 402116 Curved Array R40 DF 3.5/5.0 MHz HiD 128 el 30ch,
biopsy attachment S
New functionality: Num Lock on external keyboard default OFF

• Software version C:4.2

Improvements:
New probe: 410638 Curved Array R40 DF 3.5/5.0 MHz HiD 128 el 30ch

New functionality: Biophysical profile

AFI measurement
Twins measurement

DOC # 53B43SM03 44 Pie Medical Equipment

7.2 Installation instructions

• File extraction
When the software file is received through e-mail or downloaded from the
Pie Medical Support web page, the file C_N_N_N.exe should be extracted to obtain
the software diskettes (where is N_N_N is the version).
Four (4) PC Formatted diskettes (3.5 “, 1.44 Mb) are required to extract.

Double click the file C_N_N_N.exe and allow the program to write the four diskettes.
Clearly label the diskettes “100 Falco/240 Parus/260 Corvus release C:N.N#N” and
number 1of 4 to 4 of 4.
Diskette 4 of 4 is the “Language” diskette.

• Unit update

1. Start the software installation process by selecting menu: Program / Installation /

Settings / Install software from disk
2. The system will prompt to make a backup of the installed software (3 diskettes
required). If no other software diskettes are available this option is recommended.
To save time the option may be skipped.
3. The system will prompt to erase the installed software version. Select YES.
4. The scanner will prompt to insert the software diskettes. Start with 1of 4, then 2 of
4 and 3 of 4.
5. When ready switch of the unit. Wait 10 seconds and switch on again.
6. The scanner will prompt for the “Language” diskette (4 of 4). Inserting will finalize
the installation procedure.

Alternatively the scanner software installation process can be initiated in following

way, even after a failed previous install:

1. Connect a standard two pedal footswitch.

2. Push both footswitch pedals simultaneously while switching on the scanner, to
initiate the software loading process.
3. Proceed with step 2 above.

• Note
The diskettes labeled “100 Falco/240 Parus/260 Corvus release C:N.N#N” can be
used to upgrade 100 Falco, 240 Parus and 260 Corvus.
Diskettes obtained through the unit back-up facility can only be used to update the
same type of unit.
E.g. Diskettes with software retrieved through the back-up procedure in 100 Falco
can not be used to up-grade a 240 Parus or 260 Corvus.

DOC # 53B43SM03 45 Pie Medical Equipment

8 System verification
It might be obvious that judging image quality needs a lot of experience.
When checking image quality aspects, it is therefor recommended to compare units
by using an ultrasound equivalent tissue phantom.
When scanning the ultrasound phantom watch for sufficient penetration, focal zones
and noise level.
When comparing two units, be sure that the Grey maps (press START, select
Applications and then Grey maps) are set to the same setting. Grey map 4 and 5 are
programmable.

The checks mentioned below are functional checks and do not include image quality
aspects.

8.1 Checking probes

Before connecting probes to the scanner check for visual damages.
Dangerous situations might occur due to cracks or other damage due to service
abuse.

8.1.1 Checking electronic probes

Electronic probes need to be checked on element dropouts and channel dropouts.
This can be done, by sliding a small needle or screwdriver along the crystal.
When doing this, a white reflection will be visible in the ultrasound image and the
position of the reflection corresponds with the position of the needle.

When at a certain position no reflection is displayed, it indicates that this element is

not active.

DOC # 53B43SM03 46 Pie Medical Equipment

The smallest reflection is obtained when selecting F1 only and switch of DNF.

The element/channel dropouts can also be seen when scanning an ultrasound

equivalent tissue phantom.

8.1.2 Checking mechanical probes

When connecting a mechanical probe check whether the motor runs smoothly or
not. Check at all the image angles.

The lateral correction need to checked as well.

• Switch off DNF.
• Make a scan of the ultrasound equivalent tissue phantom.
• Check at the center of the field of interest whether the image is shaking left and
right for both low and high frame rate.

Check the functionality of the focal zones by selecting different focal points (if
possible).

DOC # 53B43SM03 47 Pie Medical Equipment

8.2 Checking unit

• Connect a good working probe and switch on the unit.

• Check if the scanner starts up correctly and that the probe is recognized correctly.
• Check the functionality of the gain and bright/contrast potentiometers.
• Set the gain potentiometers in mid position.
• Adjust the brightness and contrast potentiometers in such way that the 8 steps in
the grayscale are visualized.
• Check the video output by means of an external monitor or video printer.
• Check the video input by means of a VCR or video generator.
• Check the footswitch and PC keyboard functionality.
• Activate all functions accessible directly from the keyboard.
• Make a scan of an ultrasound equivalent tissue phantom.
• Check if there is ultrasound information visible in all possible depths.
• Select maximum depth.
• Check for sufficient penetration and noise level.
• Activate, if possible, all possible focal zones and watch the image change
accordingly.

DOC # 53B43SM03 48 Pie Medical Equipment

9 ESD
9.1.1 What is ESD
Electro Static Discharge (ESD) is the transmission of electro static charges between
two bodies with a potential difference.
This transmission can be achieved by direct contact or by an inducted electro static
field.

Electro static discharges are not always noticed by men, because ESD is:
• sensed at 3.500 Volt
• audible at 4.500 Volt
• visible at 5.000 Volt

Components and integrated circuits are more sensitive as men and might be damaged
by lower voltage discharges.

component type ESD sensitivity in Volts

V-MOS 30-1800
mosFET 100-200
EPROM 100
JFET 140-7000
OP-AMP 190-2500
C-MOS 250-3000
Schottky Diodes 300-2000
Bipolar Transistors 380-7000
ECL 500-1500
SCR 680-1000
Schottkey TTL 1000-2500

9.1.2 Preventing ESD damage

• Use electro static sensitive parts only in an ESD safe workshop.
• Use ESD safe packing material.
• Remove all static chargeable materials (plastics) from the workshop.
• Wear ESD safe clothing.
• Always check wrist strap and other ESD equipment before use.
• Be grounded.
• BE AWARE.

DOC # 53B43SM03 49 Pie Medical Equipment

9.1.3 ESD save workshop

To be sure that the is no potential difference between body, boards and work
surface, the work surface should be made of electrostatic dissipative rubber.
The work surface should be connected to a central ground point.
The engineer, handling the boards should also be connected to the central ground
point, either through wrist strap or heal strap (and conductive floor).

Pie Medical
Electrostatic
dissipative rubber mat
Scanner 100

To central
GND point

DOC # 53B43SM03 50 Pie Medical Equipment

9.1.4 ESD safe field service

To enable ESD field safe service an ESD field service kit has to be used when
handling boards.
This ESD field service kit should be connected to a central ground point and the
service engineer should be connected to the ESD field service kit through a wrist
strap.
Handle boards only on this ESD field service kit and pack in ESD safe packing
material.

To central GND point

ESD safe
Field service kit

9.1.5 More information about ESD precautions.

All precautions against ESD damage are described in the CECC 00015/I
regulations, composed by the CECC (Cenelec electronic Components
Committee).

DOC # 53B43SM03 51 Pie Medical Equipment