CHAPTER A 45

SYNTAX
i;t
AGREEMEI{IT : pROt{OUf{_
'.:;..

ANTECEDEI{T
I. INTBODUCTION
qaf* qi{i F3riFBf antecedent rrcs
{Fr r ante = beIore, glc{; ced = go,
'fs-{ €fl t p.t( antecedent eF cct word { Trrsi fsr{ word (€rfi.o
pronoun) qiTqrrt<eq ifuDREqR<"tF rc s
The boy did his work. (Trq-sfr q< o.M omeq 1;
R__-Z
€tll6d his qq esF pronoun II the boy_e{ qk<fd <I{$5 qr*R r S?t_.ii
boy .lqfr <i<q< ail qq v?Ft his Rr<'{lcT{ qrflq{
*tr i his = EEI, her : .'<, qerq qa1 €T
€, her <Kqfr sTt cs< EE
Rrqs his EtTr t*s s'u. her n,* ft 3gin
'bov'-qqfr Rrse t#\1$ r

TlfF trnR.* €3 "rr<' his rr{Qs qE r q{rc{ boy {"7

antecedent. {s-trf( :fn ${C{ antecedent-4d
pronoun-4itr "fR<C\6 antecedent {C{
"fffi pronoun rKq..
{t r

II. IMPORTANCE (eq;

S"fr<-< qfcq-fu-{} (airs fi.mR d<lco cafc{q pronoun_antececlent-sti
agreernent SEffi H-l1l C$I'wFqtf I Antecedent q{Wf( {fr pronoun RT{{s
R st-qm <fl q{ C{ pronoun 4R( antecedent-.{i {I{I agreement (rflqqSj)
qieE i sl4ls'ct Trsj
wq[R I {Ir{ c{Eiil 3
tncorrect : Karirn will do her work.
Correct : Karim will do his work.

III" RIJIES C{n{ffi)

I t, qt <f srglfR$ antecetlent {fi and SIRI Tg RT ur1-4 \il{q$ ,|f,{ff
pronoun fr {-{ plg16!. 9.6 g
Incorrect : Rumi and Shumi have done her work.
Correct : Rumi and Shumi h;;; il;; their woik.
[Rumi e Shumi oi FF antecedenr 'and' €RtT(F {t-T[g r €A-{i qq3 ep6s
plural pronoun <'f{'es {q r}
 Grarnr.qar : Syntax ,Agreement : Pronoun-*Antecedent 815
Incorrect : You and I are going to my school.
Correct : You and I are going to our school.
Incorrect : Kazal and Tajul have ruined himself .

Correct : Kazal and Tajul have ruined thernselves. (ruin = Ki{

$-*t r)

I
2. Each, either, neither-€E pronoun Q6{l {fi antecednnt Rpff<
n-q Sf< \5{{ t{(t[d elCi plural modifier 'riFF-fE\e 'iK-{ff pronoun fr En singular.
c{:Ft 3

" rtrn
sf thern did his best. (Elrq.T Err-st sc$Rlql cn}t+r<Rq i)
Each-
::., [qE] sS, Each x-164 8.f;o1-$ = gfu+qT I qfu qT qs q{ <tr< ,{B:T{€Iqlrs
T<fiT r sq-fl €F qE singular.
q<
'F <rc'cR them Tl Rfl plural. qt of them
q$tr-{ {fl plural modifier, subject ;l{; subject {fl each. qsKi:"| flT{€f
pronounft {C{TQ his, their;l{ ll
Incorrect : Neither of,the two sisters has brought their books.
Correct : Neither of the two sisters has brought her books"
gQ c<nn< c+EQ ior< <Q q1ffi 11

l.C?tFfr Neither :
antecedent; of the two sisters = plural modifier; her
: singular pronoun.]
Either of the two girls has done it.

I 3. Antecedent {ft everybody, each, either, everyone, neither,

nobody, ft<q a person q{ \5R6{'\5f{ "lC< singuiar pronoun <ffi I CT5F[ S

Incorrect : Each has their own prestige.

Correct : Each has his/her own prestige.
Inc : Everybody will do their duty.
Cor : Everybody will do his duty.
Inc : Nobody can hate their own life.
Cor : Nobody can hate C{qf T-$) his own life.
Inc :
Everyone was doing their own work.
Cor :
Everyone was doing his own work.
Inc :
A person rrust love themselves.
Cor :
A person rnust love hirnself/herself.
NOTE. Everyone, everybod'y, each, nobody ffi sl.fi tsr q<( ff
o,e*Q $prrcio 1[< r <tr€ <fr efi qE p'm c-{t<ttqt {K 6q qsfl pronoun fhm
Ttrs i't ft fr 1<|f+ EC-<dQ\5l{F'qrfit'{ pronoun €? masculine forml {rTqs
q-s I CS'ffi' 3 Everyone should take care of his health. (qIsJTs<q GGs et<
{-S'R-<-< sF sr'{t r)
q?nr{ 16er(\,_ir" s'm ft .cRq. Tfi EssE g+n qm-cq, ft-q qrsl e$E
${qs qE I qF-! <f+fF fir<fqs fr{t {ls-
masculine gender 'ihis"
Everyone sirould take care of his,/her health.
ft-q{R everyone ffi 6a1 *i$sK< f+.Ft feminine gender C+, T4fii'Ss
Elq-E Cq.TsT6 q<'Rq pronoun €3 feminine form {IT{RX $-{Cs qf< I C<r:FI 3
 816 A passage to the English Language

Twenly girls' went to the market and everybody bought a frock for
herself.

I 4. Impersonal pronoun "o.,e" qft TlCf,i antecedent Rc{r< <j<-As q{

vR6{ formal English-( El-?f
"ffi pronounfis RC{ impersonal. C{:T;l B One
should love, one's parents. (PFol-qFfia sl{ <|ryI EGu l)
[cta BGsr frffi s'6i s]ft<E {<tkuq q {,6{ one_6F:t6{ impersonal
pronoun.
ftE informal tcr+Qrs q<( qq{fr formal tirafrcss one-€3t'tK third
person, singular number-(it pronoun-g <Frqg E{ I 6{FFI B one should
love
his parents.
qe <r+cr<fts qqtcfir mr-R qfi.oq'tfis-qryQ
W qT?nfrs rcFr I TRct,
slil Rtr{ Ecr<-fr <rirqk s'G qfic+;r r American Ecr+ftco R <r+q<F cS.{
British nI{{I{ ${CRT El 'frdfi"t" <'Cq Etr"H q'Cs offri, Er< qrs .Eq" Tqt
Efrs mqc{ct I

I 5. 6$l{ collective noun {fr antecedent frqC{ <Kqe E{ efqr-E & ,,oun
El<tfir{fiv groupFr$ "EjB' <'cq qcq F-{l q'cq EF er< singular pronoun
{rq, q<s. groupFrs {fr '&d ff,' v-t'c< ft<Fils-{l E{, v;{CE sR elsi plural
pronoun TCq | fr5n 3
The family keeps its information secret.
qed TF{l a-fi q6uq 1l
lFamily-cs
The family were divided in their opinions.
The jury expressed its unanimity thqlEl.
The jury were divided in their opinions.

I 6. Who, which, that-4E ftTF relative pronoun Rrqf< qlTqs qs i

Antecedent {fr fjfu (person) q{ qqrE who; ie (thing) R'C{ which; €T(
vfu, <-q<tff<sEqrq that TC{ r g,rt-d B
This is the boy who did this.
ffi
This is the dog which/that bit him.
w
Bangladesh has many riverg which /that dry up durirrg the winter.
<E
Whose-€? possessive pronounfr vt&-$-sll{ $& Tl person-ql 6s-rq
<r{.qs EF, frqij<qfR-$slK eF <q<l q{l]q'I cgGls <Frq-s qR, 6{rllc:{ of which
(Tl{) <I{{s scE {lTlel tsqH l R'T{ 3 This is the country the people of which
are very patriotic (Cal CAR-+;
= This is the country whose ({l{) people arc very patriotic.
 Grammar : Syntax Agreement : pronoun-Antecedent gI7
EXERCISEI Use the right form of the pronoun in each sentence.
]. { nerson has to think about--(himself, themselves).
2. One must do (their, one's) duties.
3. A person must do (one's, his) duties.
4. Each of the girls tried as hard as (they, she) could.
5. Every boy must bring (their, his) own book.
6. Nobody did (their, his) own work.
7. That is the man (which, that) lost the bag.
8. Give this to the man (which, who) lost it.
*,& 9. The committee has always voted according to (sl-{TlC{) (their, its)
conscience (cuv-a;.
10. The jury were divided in (its, their, his)opinions.
. Ans. : 10. their f. its. 8. who 7. that 6. his 5. ht 4. she 3. his 2.
one's 1. himself.

APTEL-*s2