GRAVITY RETAINING WALL DESIGN

Initial Parameters
Density of Rubble Wall γr 24 kN/m3
Density of Soil γs 18 kN/m3
Density of Concrete γc 24 kN/m3
H1 0.30 m
H2 0.50 m
d 0.15 m
B1 0.100 m
B2 0.60 m
B3 0.100 m
Surcharge load S 10.00 kN/m2
Bearing capacity σall 200 kN/m2
Inclined angle of wall β 90 ˚ 1.57 rad
Inclined angle of soil on top δ 0˚ 0.00 rad
Friction angle of soil φ 30 ˚ 0.52 rad
Ka 0.33
Kp 3.00
Depth of shear key hs 0.30 m
μ 0.27

Gravity Wall Dimensions Calculations

a1 0.3 h1 0.3 0.3 LOAD/kN Moments / kNm

Slice x
 Slice x
a2 0.3 h2 0.35 0.65 Wall Soil Wall
a3 0 h3 0 0.65 A 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00
a4 0 h4 0 0.65 1 4.68 0.00 0.25 1.17
a5 0 h5 0 0.65 2 2.52 1.62 0.55 1.39
a6 0 h6 0 0.65 3 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a7 0 h7 0 0.65 4 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a8 0 h8 0 0.65 5 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a9 0 h9 0 0.65 6 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a10 0 h10 0 0.65 7 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a11 0 h11 0 0.65 8 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a12 0 h12 0 0.65 9 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a13 0 h13 0 0.65 10 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a14 0 h14 0 0.65 11 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a15 0 h15 0 0.65 12 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a16 0 h16 0 0.65 13 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
a17 0 h17 0 0.65 14 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
B3 0.1 h 0 0.65 15 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
0.70 0.65 16 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
17 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00
Height of Rubble Wall 0.65 B3 0.00 1.17 0.75 0.00
7.20 2.79 2.56

Other Calculations
Check for Stability
Weight of concrete foundation 2.88 kN
Distance to centre 0.40 m Check for overturning
Moment 1.15 kNm FS = Sum of stabilizing Moments
 Sum of overturning Moments
Weight of soil on length B1 0.630 kN = 5.89
Distance to centre 0.050 m 1.22
Moment 0.032 kNm = 4.82

Equivalent height of surcharge load he 0.56 m Check for Sliding

Force due to surcharge load Ps 2.67 kN FS = Sum of Resisting Forces
Horizental Component Psh 2.67 kN Sum of Sliding Forces
Distance to load centre 0.27 m = 6.92
Moment 0.71 kNm 4.59
Vertical Component Psv 0.00 kN = 1.51
Distance to load centre 0.00 m
Moment 0.00 kNm Check for Bearing Capacity
qmax = 17.89 kN/m2
Active force on the wall Pa 1.92 kN σall = 200 kN/m2
Horizental Component Pah 1.92 kN FS = Ultimate Bearing Capacity
Distance to load centre 0.27 m Bearing Pressure
Moment 0.51 kNm = σall
Vertical Component Pav 0.00 kN qmax
Distance to load centre 0.00 m = 11.18
Moment 0.00 kNm
Colors
Passive force on the wall 3.31 kN
Distance to load centre 0.12 m Over Satisfy Fail
Moment 0.39 kNm

Weight of the soil wedge above the top level of the wall = 0.00 kN
Distance to the load centre from toe = 0.00 m
Moment = 0.00 kNm

Friction force along bottom of the concrete base,

F = μRv , Rv = 13.50 kN
= 3.62 kN

Distance to the Resultant Force R from toe, LR 0.41 m

Width of the Concrete Foundation, B 0.80 m
Resultant in middle third
Bearing pressures under the Foundation
q1 = 15.86 kN/m2
q2 = 17.89 kN/m2
Moments / kNm
 Soil
0.00
0.00
0.89
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.88
1.77

stabilizing Moments
verturning Moments

of Resisting Forces
of Sliding Forces

te Bearing Capacity
aring Pressure
 GRAVITY RETAINING WALL DESIGN

Initial Parameters
Density of Rubble Wall γr 24 kN/m3
Density of Soil γs 18 kN/m3
Density of Concrete γc 24 kN/m3
H1 5.00 m
H2 2.00 m
d 0.45 m
B1 0.00 m
B2 2.80 m
B3 0.30 m
Surcharge load S 3.00 kN/m2
Bearing capacity σall 200 kN/m2
Inclined angle of wall β 80 ˚ 1.40 rad
Inclined angle of soil on top δ 0˚ 0.00 rad
Friction angle of soil φ 32 ˚ 0.56 rad
Ka 0.31
Kp 3.25
Depth of shear key hs 0.35 m
μ 0.29

Gravity Wall Dimensions Calculations

a1 0.45 h1 1.2 1.2 LOAD/kN Moments / kNm

Slice x
 Slice x
a2 0.15 h2 0.6 1.8 Wall Soil Wall
a3 0.15 h3 0.6 2.4 A 90.78 0.00 0.77 69.90
a4 0.15 h4 0.6 3 1 70.74 0.00 1.38 97.62
a5 0.15 h5 0.6 3.6 2 19.26 3.24 1.68 32.36
a6 0.15 h6 0.6 4.2 3 17.10 4.86 1.83 31.29
a7 0.15 h7 0.6 4.8 4 14.94 6.48 1.98 29.58
a8 0.15 h8 0.6 5.4 5 12.78 8.10 2.13 27.22
a9 0.15 h9 0.6 6 6 10.62 9.72 2.28 24.21
a10 0 h10 0 6 7 8.46 11.34 2.43 20.56
a11 0 h11 0 6 8 6.30 12.96 2.58 16.25
a12 0 h12 0 6 9 4.14 14.58 2.73 11.30
a13 0 h13 0 6 10 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.00
a14 0 h14 0 6 11 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.00
a15 0 h15 0 6 12 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.00
a16 0 h16 0 6 13 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.00
a17 0 h17 0 6 14 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.00
B3 0.3 h 0 6 15 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.00
1.95 6 16 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.00
17 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.00
Height of Rubble Wall 6.55 B3 3.96 32.40 2.95 11.70
259.08 103.68 371.99

Other Calculations
Check for Stability
Weight of concrete foundation 33.53 kN
Distance to centre 1.55 m Check for overturning
Moment 52.06 kNm FS = Sum of stabilizing Moments
 Sum of overturning Moments
Weight of soil on length B1 3.813 kN = 754.65
Distance to centre 0.137 m 331.22
Moment 0.521 kNm = 2.28

Equivalent height of surcharge load he 0.17 m Check for Sliding

Force due to surcharge load Ps 6.45 kN FS = Sum of Resisting Forces
Horizental Component Psh 6.45 kN Sum of Sliding Forces
Distance to load centre 2.33 m = 220.47
Moment 15.06 kNm 141.95
Vertical Component Psv 0.00 kN = 1.55
Distance to load centre 0.00 m
Moment 0.00 kNm Check for Bearing Capacity
qmax = 170.27 kN/m2
Active force on the wall Pa 135.50 kN σall = 200 kN/m2
Horizental Component Pah 135.50 kN FS = Ultimate Bearing Capacity
Distance to load centre 2.33 m Bearing Pressure
Moment 316.17 kNm = σall
Vertical Component Pav 0.00 kN qmax
Distance to load centre 0.00 m = 1.17
Moment 0.00 kNm
Colors
Passive force on the wall 105.74 kN
Distance to load centre 0.63 m Over Satisfy Fail
Moment 66.97 kNm

Weight of the soil wedge above the top level of the wall = 0.00 kN
Distance to the load centre from toe = 0.00 m
Moment = 0.00 kNm

Friction force along bottom of the concrete base,

F = μRv , Rv = 400.10 kN
= 114.73 kN

Distance to the Resultant Force R from toe, LR 1.72 m

Width of the Concrete Foundation, B 3.10 m
Resultant in middle third
Bearing pressures under the Foundation
q1 = 87.45 kN/m2
q2 = 170.27 kN/m2
Moments / kNm
 Soil
0.00
0.00
5.44
8.89
12.83
17.25
22.16
27.56
33.44
39.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
95.74
263.11

stabilizing Moments
verturning Moments

of Resisting Forces
of Sliding Forces

te Bearing Capacity
aring Pressure
 GRAVITY RETAINING WALL DESIGN

Initial Parameters
Density of Rubble Wall γr 22 kN/m3
Density of Soil γs 18 kN/m3
Density of Concrete γc 24 kN/m3
H1 3.35 m
H2 0.91 m
d 0.25 m
B1 0.225 m
B2 0.90 m
B3 0.225 m
Surcharge load S 10.00 kN/m2
Bearing capacity σall 100 kN/m2
Inclined angle of wall β 90 ˚ 1.57 rad
Inclined angle of soil on top δ 0˚ 0.00 rad
Friction angle of soil φ 35 ˚ 0.61 rad
Ka 0.27
Kp 3.69
Depth of shear key hs 0.00 m
μ 0.32

Gravity Wall Dimensions Calculations

a1 0.45 h1 0.3 0.3 LOAD/kN Moments / kNm

Slice x
 Slice x
a2 0.225 h2 0.6 0.9 Wall Soil Wall
a3 0.225 h3 0.75 1.65 A 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00
a4 0 h4 0 1.65 1 39.70 0.00 0.45 17.86
a5 0 h5 0 1.65 2 18.36 1.22 0.79 14.46
a6 0 h6 0 1.65 3 15.39 3.65 1.01 15.59
a7 0 h7 0 1.65 4 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a8 0 h8 0 1.65 5 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a9 0 h9 0 1.65 6 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a10 0 h10 0 1.65 7 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a11 0 h11 0 1.65 8 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a12 0 h12 0 1.65 9 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a13 0 h13 0 1.65 10 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a14 0 h14 0 1.65 11 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a15 0 h15 0 1.65 12 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a16 0 h16 0 1.65 13 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
a17 0 h17 0 1.65 14 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
B3 0.225 h 0 1.65 15 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
1.125 1.65 16 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
17 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00
Height of Rubble Wall 4.01 B3 11.68 6.68 1.24 14.46
85.14 11.54 62.37

Other Calculations
Check for Stability
Weight of concrete foundation 8.10 kN
Distance to centre 0.68 m Check for overturning
Moment 5.47 kNm FS = Sum of stabilizing Moments
 Sum of overturning Moments
Weight of soil on length B1 2.673 kN = 82.13
Distance to centre 0.113 m 79.24
Moment 0.301 kNm = 1.04

Equivalent height of surcharge load he 0.56 m Check for Sliding

Force due to surcharge load Ps 11.54 kN FS = Sum of Resisting Forces
Horizental Component Psh 11.54 kN Sum of Sliding Forces
Distance to load centre 1.42 m = 40.91
Moment 16.39 kNm 55.80
Vertical Component Psv 0.00 kN = 0.73
Distance to load centre 0.00 m
Moment 0.00 kNm Check for Bearing Capacity
qmax = 107.66 kN/m2
Active force on the wall Pa 44.26 kN σall = 100 kN/m2
Horizental Component Pah 44.26 kN FS = Ultimate Bearing Capacity
Distance to load centre 1.42 m Bearing Pressure
Moment 62.85 kNm = σall
Vertical Component Pav 0.00 kN qmax
Distance to load centre 0.00 m = 0.93
Moment 0.00 kNm
Colors
Passive force on the wall 7.03 kN
Distance to load centre 0.15 m Over Satisfy Fail
Moment 1.08 kNm

Weight of the soil wedge above the top level of the wall = 0.00 kN
Distance to the load centre from toe = 0.00 m
Moment = 0.00 kNm

Friction force along bottom of the concrete base,

F = μRv , Rv = 107.46 kN
= 33.88 kN

Distance to the Resultant Force R from toe, LR 0.75 m

Width of the Concrete Foundation, B 1.35 m
Resultant in middle third
Bearing pressures under the Foundation
q1 = 51.54 kN/m2
q2 = 107.66 kN/m2
Moments / kNm
 Soil
0.00
0.00
0.96
3.69
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.27
12.92

stabilizing Moments
verturning Moments

of Resisting Forces
of Sliding Forces

te Bearing Capacity
aring Pressure
 GRAVITY RETAINING WALL DESIGN

Initial Parameters
Density of Rubble Wall γr 22 kN/m3
Density of Soil γs 18 kN/m3
Density of Concrete γc 22 kN/m3
H1 4.20 m
H2 0.80 m
d 0.20 m
B1 0.25 m
B2 5.07 m
B3 0.25 m
Surcharge load S 5.00 kN/m2
Bearing capacity σall 150 kN/m2
Inclined angle of wall β 85 ˚ 1.48 rad
Inclined angle of soil on top δ 0˚ 0.00 rad
Friction angle of soil φ 30 ˚ 0.52 rad
Ka 0.33
Kp 3.00
Depth of shear key hs 0.50 m
μ 0.27

Gravity Wall Dimensions Calculations

a1 0.3 h1 0.6 0.6 LOAD/kN Moments / kNm

Slice x
 Slice x
a2 0.3 h2 0.6 1.2 Wall Soil Wall
a3 0.3 h3 0.6 1.8 A 22.17 0.00 0.53 11.75
a4 0.5 h4 0.6 2.4 1 31.68 0.00 0.82 25.98
a5 0.5 h5 0.6 3 2 27.72 3.24 1.12 31.04
a6 0.75 h6 0.6 3.6 3 23.76 6.48 1.42 33.74
a7 0.75 h7 0.6 4.2 4 33.00 16.20 1.82 60.06
a8 0.75 h8 0.6 4.8 5 26.40 21.60 2.32 61.25
a9 0.75 h9 0 4.8 6 29.70 40.50 2.94 87.46
a10 0 h10 0 4.8 7 19.80 48.60 3.69 73.16
a11 0 h11 0 4.8 8 9.90 56.70 4.44 44.00
a12 0 h12 0 4.8 9 0.00 64.80 5.19 0.00
a13 0 h13 0 4.8 10 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
a14 0 h14 0 4.8 11 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
a15 0 h15 0 4.8 12 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
a16 0 h16 0 4.8 13 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
a17 0 h17 0 4.8 14 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
B3 0 h 0 4.8 15 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
4.9 4.8 16 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
17 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
Height of Rubble Wall 4.8 B3 0.00 0.00 5.57 0.00
224.13 258.12 428.44

Other Calculations
Check for Stability
Weight of concrete foundation 24.51 kN
Distance to centre 2.78 m Check for overturning
Moment 68.25 kNm FS = Sum of stabilizing Moments
 Sum of overturning Moments
Weight of soil on length B1 2.983 kN = 1482.57
Distance to centre 0.139 m 138.89
Moment 0.416 kNm = 10.67

Equivalent height of surcharge load he 0.28 m Check for Sliding

Force due to surcharge load Ps 8.33 kN FS = Sum of Resisting Forces
Horizental Component Psh 8.33 kN Sum of Sliding Forces
Distance to load centre 1.67 m = 156.09
Moment 13.89 kNm 83.33
Vertical Component Psv 0.00 kN = 1.87
Distance to load centre 0.00 m
Moment 0.00 kNm Check for Bearing Capacity
qmax = 102.62 kN/m2
Active force on the wall Pa 75.00 kN σall = 150 kN/m2
Horizental Component Pah 75.00 kN FS = Ultimate Bearing Capacity
Distance to load centre 1.67 m Bearing Pressure
Moment 125.00 kNm = σall
Vertical Component Pav 0.00 kN qmax
Distance to load centre 0.00 m = 1.46
Moment 0.00 kNm
Colors
Passive force on the wall 19.51 kN
Distance to load centre 0.28 m Over Satisfy Fail
Moment 5.53 kNm

Weight of the soil wedge above the top level of the wall = 0.00 kN
Distance to the load centre from toe = 0.00 m
Moment = 0.00 kNm

Friction force along bottom of the concrete base,

F = μRv , Rv = 509.74 kN
= 136.59 kN

Distance to the Resultant Force R from toe, LR 2.90 m

Width of the Concrete Foundation, B 5.57 m
Resultant in middle third
Bearing pressures under the Foundation
q1 = 80.41 kN/m2
q2 = 102.62 kN/m2
Moments / kNm
 Soil
0.00
0.00
3.63
9.20
29.48
50.11
119.27
179.57
252.03
336.63
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
979.93

stabilizing Moments
verturning Moments

of Resisting Forces
of Sliding Forces

te Bearing Capacity
aring Pressure