LoiNK1, 3/2016

RRC State Transitions

After a UE sets up an RRC connection, it enters UTRAN connected
mode. The four states in UTRAN connected mode are as follows:
CELL_DCH state: occupies dedicated channel resources, consumes a large
amount of radio resources and suit high-speed data transmission.
CELL_FACH state: uses the common channel to send or receive data,
occupies only a small amount of resources and suit low-speed data
transmission.
CELL_PCH state: cannot transmit signaling messages.
On the downlink, uses the discontinuous reception to monitor messages on
the PCH.
The UTRAN can learn which cell the UE is camping on and can page the
UE within this cell.
Send a Cell Update message when moving to another cell.
URA_PCH state:
The UTRAN can learn which UTRAN registration area (URA) the UE is in
and can page the UE within this URA.
Send a URA Update message when moving to another URA.
 Relationships Between Service
Type and State Transition
The relationships between service type and state transition
are as follows:
 A UE stays in CELL_DCH when performing circuit
switched (CS) services. State transitions are not allowed.
 A UE can be switched only between CELL_DCH and
CELL_FACH when performing streaming services.
 A UE can be switched between any states when
performing BE services.
 D2F State Transition
D2F applies to all services except CS voice services.
Event 4B Time to Trigger Event Pending Time After
Service Type D2F Transition Timer
Threshold 4B Event 4B Trigger
BE service on BeD2FStateTransTimer D2F2PTvmThd D2FTvmTimeToTrig D2FTvmPTAT
the DCH 3(s) D64(byte) D2560(ms) D1000(ms)
BE service on BeH2FStateTransTimer BeH2FTvmThd BeH2FTvmTimeToTrig BeH2FTvmPTAT
the HS-DSCH 5 D64 D5000 D1000
PS real-time RtDH2FStateTransTimer RtDH2FTvmThd RtDH2FTvmTimeToTrig RtDH2FTvmPTAT
service 180 D64 D5000 D16000
BeE2FStateTransTimer E2FThrouThd E2FThrouTimeToTrig E2FThrouPTAT
BE service on
2 8(kbps) 2 4
the E-DCH
E2FThrouMeasPeriod E2FThrouMeasPeriod
(HSUPA)
30 30

BE service on the E-DCH (HSUPA): Pending time after the throughput event 4B is
triggered = value of this parameter x measurement period x 10 ms.
BE service on the BE service on BE service on the E-
Service PS real-time service
DCH the HS-DSCH DCH (HSUPA)
D2F transition 0 0 6 0
threshold

𝐷2𝐹 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

𝐷2𝐹 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑 = . 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 (0.8)
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑔𝑒𝑟+𝑃𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑔𝑒𝑟
 Relationship Between D2F State Transition and DCCC
• If DRA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to ON and DcccStg is set to
Parametter Value
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH: D2F channel type DRA_DCCC_SWITCH ON
DRA_PS_NON_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH ON
shifting in D2F state transitions takes effect if the DRA_HSUPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH ON
DRA_PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH ON
uplink/downlink rate is lower than or equal to RATE_UP_AND_DO
DcccStg
WN_ON_DCH
UlDcccRateThd/DlDcccRateThd. UlDcccRateThd D64 (64kbps)
• If DRA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to ON and DcccStg is set to DlDcccRateThd
DRA_HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH
D128 (128kbps)
ON
RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH, D2F channel type shifting in
D2F state transitions takes effect.
• If DRA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to OFF, D2F channel type
shifting in D2F state transitions takes effect.
• If DRA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to ON and
DRA_HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to ON, E2F channel type
shifting in D2F state transitions takes effect when the uplink rate
of an HSUPA user drops to the minimum rate in the uplink rate
adjustment set for HSUPA services (128kbps).
 Relationship Between D2F State Transition and DCCC

Parametter Value
To prevent ping-pong state transitions between CELL_DCH and
PERFENH_H2F_OPT_SWITCH OFF
CELL_FACH, turn on the PERFENH_H2F_OPT_SWITCH. If HSUPA4AThrouThd 64 (kbps)
the RNC receives an event 4A report before the D2F state transition HSDPA4ATvmThd D1024 (byte)

timer expires, and if the uplink throughput is higher than

HSUPA4AThrouThd or the downlink throughput is higher than
HSDPA4ATvmThd, the RNC stops the D2F state transition timer to
prevent unnecessary state transitions.

OPT
 D2P State Transition

Parametter Value
DRA_D2P_WHEN_PS_INACT_SWITCH OFF
D2PPsInactTimer 2
 F2P State Transition
Service Event 4B Time to Trigger Pending Time After
Type
F2P Transition Timer
Threshold Event 4B Event 4B Trigger
Inactivity-based F2P increases the accuracy for
BE
service
BeF2PStateTransTimer D2F2PTvmThd F2PTvmTimeToTrig F2PTvmPTAT triggering F2P transitions, and UEs receiving or
5(s) D64 (byte) D5000(ms) D1000(ms)
transmitting small packets will not experience F2P
transitions. This function sets more strict conditions for
triggering F2P transitions and therefore reduces the
reconfigurations for F2P2F transitions.

Parametter Value
PERFENH_INACTIVE_F2P_SWITCH OFF
FACH to PCH transition
InactF2PstateTransTimer 10

FACH to PCH transition time

F2P transition threshold

OPT
 F2U State Transition
Parametter Value
• If the DRA_F2U_SWITCH is turned on: DRA_F2U_SWITCH OFF

If the F2P trigger conditions are met, the UE performs an F2U state
transition to enter the URA_PCH state. Compared with the state
transition to CELL_PCH, F2U state transition reduces the number of
CELL UPDATE messages in cell reselection and the amount of air
interface signaling.
• If the DRA_F2U_SWITCH is turned off:
If the F2P trigger conditions are met, the UE performs an F2P state
transition to enter the CELL_PCH state. Then, if the P2U trigger
conditions are met, the UE performs a P2U state transition to enter
the URA_PCH state.
 P2U State Transition
Parametter Value
CellReSelectTimer 180
CellReSelectCounter 9
Cell Update

Cell Update Time

CellReSelectTimer
 P2F and U2F State Transitions

P2F and U2F state transitions are performed when the UE needs
to exchange information with the UTRAN.
 F2D State Transition
Common F2D State Transition

Service Event 4A Event 4A Time to

Target Rate
Type Threshold (byte) Trigger (ms)
- UL target rate (DCH) = min (MBR,UlDcccRateThd) (64kbps)
BE service BeF2DTvmThd BeF2DTvmTimeToTrig
- DL target rate (DCH) = min (MBR,DlDcccRateThd) (128kbps)
on the DCH
D1024 D640
- UL target rate (DCH) = min (MBR,UlDcccRateThd)
BE service
BeF2HTvmThd BeF2HTvmTimeToTrig - UL target rate (E-DCH) = min(EdchRateAdjustSet) (128kbps)
on the HS-
- DL target rate (HS-DSCH) = MBR
DSCH
D1024 D640
- UL target rate (DCH) = MBR
PS realtime RtF2DHTvmThd RtF2DHTvmTimeToTrig
- DL target rate (DCH) = MBR
service
D1024 D240
- UL target rate (E-DCH) = min
(EdchRateAdjustSet) if HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH: ON. (128kbps)
BE service
BeF2ETvmThd BeF2ETvmTimeToTrig - UL target rate (E-DCH) = MBR if HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH: OFF.
on the
- DL target rate (DCH) = min (MBR, DlDcccRateThd)
EDCH
- DL target rate (HS-DSCH) = MBR
D1024 D640
 F2D State Transition
F2D State Transition Caused by FACH Congestion

Parametter Value
BE_4A_THD_ADJ_FOR_FACH_CONG_SWITCH OFF (manually turn on)
BeF2DHTvmThdForFACHCong D512 (byte)

OPT
 F2D State Transition
F2D State Transition Based on Web Page Browsing

Parametter Value
DRA_WEB_FACH_DELAY_OPT_SWITCH OFF

If the UE is browsing web pages, the RNC transfers the UE to the

CELL_DCH state. The RNC considers that the UE is browsing web
pages when the following conditions are true:
• The downlink data packets are SYN and ACK packets.
• The source Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) port is 80 or 8080.

OPT
 F2D State Transition
F2D State Transition Based on TRB Reset
When a UE is in CELL_FACH and the data Parametter Value
RRC_CELLFACH_DL_TRB_RESET_TO_F2D_SWITCH OFF
transmission is abnormal, the UE sends RLC
Reset message to request RNC to reset the RLC. PS Call drop counter
If the reset fails, the RNC releases the RAB 250000

abnormally. 200000

If the function is turned on, the RNC does not 150000

release RAB after the failure of RLC reset but try

100000
to put the UE in CELL_DCH. This can reduce the
50000
call drops caused by TRB reset of UEs in
0
CELL_FACH.
Enabling the F2D State Transition Based on TRB
Reset function reduces the high call drop rate
caused by the downlink traffic radio bearer (TRB) VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS.GTPULoss VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS.OLC
VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS.OM VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS.Preempt
reset of UEs in the CELL_FACH state. After the VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS.RF.SRBReset VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS.RF.TRBReset
UE transitions to the CELL_DCH state, the call VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS.RF.ULSync VS.RAB.AbnormRel.PS.RF.UuNoReply

drop rate is reduced. OPT

D2D State Transition
 D2D State Transition
E2D
• During a RAB setup, RAB is carried over the E-
DCH but resources are insufficient.
• During a RAB setup, RAB is carried over the E-
DCH but the coverage is insufficient.
• After an HSUPA RAB setup, coverage-based
fallback from the E-DCH to the DCH is triggered if
the radio coverage is poor during HSUPA data
transmission.
• The E-DCH serving cell (the best cell) has changed
and either of the following conditions is met:
 The new best cell does not support the E-DCH.
 The new best cell has insufficient resources for
the E-DCH.
D2E
• Periodic attempts to reconfigure to the E-DCH.
• During DCCC data rate adjustment, the target
data rate exceeds the rate bearing threshold for
HSUPA UlBeTraffThsOnHsupa (8kbps). After
an admission succeeds, D2E state transition is
triggered.
• When the uplink coverage recovers, the UE that
falls back to the DCH using the coverage-based
fallback from the E-DCH to the DCH algorithm
will be switched back to the E-DCH.
 D2D State Transition
Coverage-based Fallback from the E-DCH to the DCH Periodical P-CPICH RSCP Measurement
Parametter Value
During HSUPA BE service data transmission, BE service
DRA_BASE_COVER_BE_E2D_SWITCH OFF
falls back from the E-DCH to the DCH when the following
Event 6A/6B Measurement conditions are met:
During HSUPA BE service data transmission, BE service falls • The UE reports the event 4B for all HSUPA BE services.
back from the E-DCH to the DCH when both the following • The reported value of P-CPICH RSCP is valid.
conditions are met: The value of RSCP is valid during the period from the time
• The UE reports 6A event. the RNC receives the MR containing RSCP information to
• The UE does not report 6B event after the 6A event. the time specified by the EcN0EffectTime.
• The UE reports 4B for all HSUPA BE services.
Calibration P-CPICH RSCP = Reported P-CPICH RSCP –
Thd 6A/6B = Max UE trans pwr – Relative thd 6A (CPICH Pwr – 33 dBm) – [RTWP – (–105.2 dBm)]

Parametter Description Value Parametter Description Value

MaxAllowedUlTxPower Maximum UE transmit power 24 dBm RabRscpPeriodTimer Reporting period D2000 ms
BeThd6A1 Relative threshold 6A, 2ms TTI 7 dB BeTTI2msRscpThd Relative threshold 2ms TTI -95 dBm
BeThd6A2 Relative threshold 6A, 10ms TTI 7 dB BeTTI10msRscpThd Relative threshold 10ms TTI -105 dBm
BeThd6B1 Relative threshold 6B, 2ms TTI 8 dB EcN0EffectTime 10000 ms
BeThd6B2 Relative threshold 6B, 10ms TTI 8 dB E2DThrou4BThd The threshold of event 4B 30 x 10kbps
E2DThrou4BThd The threshold of event 4B 30 x 10kbps
 D2D State Transition
Coverage-based Switchback from DCH to the E-DCH Periodical P-CPICH RSCP Measurement
Parametter Value
The UE will be switched back to the E-DCH from the DCH
DRA_BASE_COVER_BE_E2D_SWITCH OFF
when the following conditions are met:
Event 6A/6B Measurement • The UE reports the event 4A.
The UE will be switched back to the E-DCH from the DCH • The reported value of P-CPICH RSCP is valid.
when the following conditions are met: The value of RSCP is valid during the period from the time
• The UE reports 6B event. the RNC receives the MR containing RSCP information to
• The UE does not report 6A event after the 6B event. the time specified by the EcN0EffectTime.
• The UE reports 4A.
Thd 6A/6B = Max UE trans pwr – Relative thd 6A Calibration value of P-CPICH RSCP = Reported value of P-
CPICH RSCP – (CPICH transmit power of – 33 dBm) – [RTWP –
(–105.2 dBm)]
Parametter Description Value Parametter Description Value
MaxAllowedUlTxPower Maximum UE transmit power 24 dBm RabRscpPeriodTimer Reporting period D2000 ms
BaseCoverD2E6AThd Relative threshold 6A 15 BeTTI2msRscpThd Relative threshold 2ms TTI -95 dBm
BaseCoverD2E6BThd Relative threshold 6B 16 BeTTI10msRscpThd Relative threshold 10ms TTI -105 dBm
Event4aThd The threshold of event 4A D1024 byte EcN0EffectTime 10000 ms
Event4aThd The threshold of event 4A D1024 byte
 D2D State Transition
H2D
• During a RAB setup, RAB is carried over the HS-
DSCH but resources are insufficient.
• The HS-DSCH serving cell (the best cell) has
changed and either of the following conditions is
met:
 The new best cell does not support the HS-
DSCH.
 The new best cell has insufficient resources for
the HS-DSCH.
• SRB H2D: if a user is in the weak coverage of a cell
and the cell load is light, the downlink SRB falls
back from HS-DSCH to DCH.
D2H
• Periodic attempts to reconfigure to the HS-DSCH
• During DCCC data rate adjustment, the target
data rate exceeds the rate bearing threshold for
HSDPA DlBeTraffThsOnHsdpa 8kbps. After an
admission succeeds, D2H state transition is
triggered.
• SRB H2D: if a user is in the good coverage of a
cell and the cell load is high, the downlink SRB
comes back from DCH to HS-DSCH.
Connected mode to Idle

Service Type T1 T2
Conversational PsInactTmrForCon ProtectTmrForCon
service 10 10
Streaming PsInactTmrForStr ProtectTmrForStr
service 10 10
Interactive PsInactTmrForInt ProtectTmrForInt
service 1800 10
Background PsInactTmrForBac ProtectTmrForBac
service 1800 10