New Pattern English Questions PDF

Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): In each of the following questions, a part of the paragraph or sentence has
been Bold. From the choices given to you, you are required to choose the one, which would
best replace the Bold part in terms of grammatical usage.
Q1. The tendency to eat late, though it has never been tested properly, many nutritionists
believe, as a factor in putting on weight.
(a) many nutritionists believe, to be a factor in putting on weight.
(b) many nutritionists believe factor in putting on weight.
(c) is believed by many nutritionists to be a factor in putting on weight.
(d) is believed by many nutritionists as a factor in putting on weight.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.
Q2. On the billion or so Windows machines, some 63% still uses old XP version launched in
2001, in America, the proportion of XP users are over 80%.
(a) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001, in America the proportion of XP users
are
(b) some 63% still uses the old XP version launched in 2001; in America, the proportion of XP
users are
(c) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001 in America, the proportion of XP users
is
(d) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001; in America, the proportion of XP users
is
Q3. Though subjected to varying influences, the distinctive features of China's artistic
activity possess a unity which is quite as complete as that of our Western art.
(a) possess a unity which is quite as complete as that of our Western art.
(b) possesses a unity which are quite as complete as our Western art.
(c) possesses a unity which is quite complete like our Western art.
(d) possess a unity which is quite complete like our Western art.
Q4. To know by parts is science, knowing the whole as a whole is philosophy.

(a) Knowledge of parts is science,
(b) Knowing by parts is science,
(c) To know partially is science,
(d) To know by parts is science,
Q5. In the fission reactions that nuclear power generation rely on today, heavy elements such
as uranium breaks into smaller ones.
(a) relies on today, heavy elements such as uranium break into smaller ones.
(b) rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium break into smaller ones.
(c) relies on today, heavy elements such as uranium breaks into smaller ones.
(d) rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium breaks into smaller ones.
Q6. The nature of our party system has changed in the past few decades, and the lesson of the
past decade had been that the party that did not hold the White House had every
incentive to refuse to co‐operate with the president's party.
(a) was that the party that does not hold the White House had every incentive
(b) is that the party that does not hold the White House has every incentive
(c) has been that the party that had not held the White House had every incentive
(d) had been that the party that did not hold the White House had every incentive
Aspirants Notes
Q7. Looking at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn't fall
by that much, it becomes clear that Germany's unique recession and recovery was about more
than just its choice in labour market policies.
(a) Looking at the path of German GDP and that total private sector hours didn't fall much,
(b) Looking at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn't fall
much,
(c) When one looks at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn't
fall much,
(d) When one is looking at the path of German GDP and that total private sector hours didn't fall
much,
Q8. The Beijing Language and Culture University Press, the largest publisher of Chinese‐language
textbooks, says South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(a) say South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(b) says South Korea and Japan are it's biggest customers.
(c) says South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(d) says South Korea and Japan are its biggest customers.
Q9. There are two pieces to Mr Keats' argument; that English is open‐source as other
languages are not; and that is why it has spread.
(a) Mr Keats' argument, that English is open‐source as other languages are not and that
(b) Mr Keats' argument: that English is open‐source as other languages are not, and that that
(c) Mr Keats' argument ‐ that English is open‐source as other languages are not‐and that
(d) Mr Keats' argument; that English is open‐source as other languages are not; and that that
Q10. The number of foreigners going to India for fertility treatments, specially surrogacy, has
dramatically increased in recent years.
(a) especially surrogacy, have dramatically increased in past years.
(b) especially surrogacy, has dramatically increased in recent years.
(c) specially surrogacy, have dramatically increased in recent years.
(d) specially surrogacy, have shown dramatic improvement in recent years.
Q11. The LHC is a magnificent engineering project, who's many "gee‐whiz" features have been
widely reported.
(a) whose many "gee‐whiz" feature have been widely reported.
(b) who's "gee‐whiz" features has been reported widely.
(c) whose many "gee‐whiz" features has been widely reported.
(d) who's many "gee‐whiz" features have been widely reported.
Q12. Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, outspoken as usual, compared the choice of Liu for
the Nobel Prize with Obama.
(a) compared the choice of Liu for Nobel Prize with that of Obama.
(b) compared the choice of Liu with Obama for the Nobel Prize.
(c) compared the choice of Liu for the Nobel Prize to that of Obama.
(d) compared the choice of Liu and Obama to the Nobel Prize.
Q13. The OECD expects average GDP growth among their mostly rich members to slow from
2.8% in 2010 and 2.3% in 2011, before bouncing back to 2.8% in 2012.
Aspirants Notes
(a) their most rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 and 2.3% in 2011,
(b) their mostly rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 and 2.3% in 2011,
(c) its most rich members to slow between 2.8% in 2010 to 2.3% in 2011,
(d) its mostly rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 to 2.3% in 2011,
Q14. A sphere cannot be represented on a flat plane without distortion, which will mean that
all map projections will distort in one way or another.
(a) which means all map projections distort in one way or another.
(b) that means all map projections will distort one way or another.
(c) which will mean that all map projections distorts one way or other.
(d) which means all map projections will distort in one way or others.
Q15. The blame for rising obesity rates have been pinned on many things, including having
more calorific diet, the spread of processed food, a lack of exercise and modern man's generally
more stressful lot.
(a) has been pinned on many things, including a more calorific diet.
(b) have been pinned to many things, including more calorific diets,
(c) have been pinned on many things, including a calorie rich diet,
(d) has been pinned on many things: having a more calorific diet,
Solutions
S1. Ans.(c)
Sol. Answer Option C. There are two clauses in this sentence: The tendency to eat late is
believed (by nutritionists) to be a factor in putting on weight and (though) it has never been
tested properly. The first clause can also be correctly constructed as "The tendency to eat late,
many nutritionists believe, is a factor in putting on weight." But, this is not among the options.
"believed ... as a factor" is incorrect.
S2. Ans.(d)
Sol. Answer Option D. Portions (percent, fractions etc...) the verb will agree with the noun what
follows the of. (50 of the people come from ...... 50% of the money comes from ... etc) In this
sentence the noun is machines; hence, the verb 'use' is correct. When there is already a comma
in any of the punctuation that replaces a conjunction has to be a semicolon. In the above
sentence, there is no conjunction. Option C makes the sentence incorrect because the sentence
is not saying "launched in 2001 in America." "The proportion... "is the subject in the next clause;
hence, the verb has to be singular 'is'.
S3. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. There is no error in the original sentence nor does it need any
improvement. 'features' needs a plural verb 'possess'. To establish comparison 'that of' is
necessary.
S4. Ans.(b)
Sol. Answer Option B. Faulty parallelism in all the other options.
S5. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. Pure subject‐verb agreement question. The subject 'nuclear power
generation' required the singular verb 'relies' and 'heavy elements' requires the plural verb
'break'.
S6. Ans.(b)
Aspirants Notes
Sol. Answer Option B. Tense inconsistency. The lesson of the past decade has to be either "is' or
'was', hence had been is eliminated. The option with was A continues the sentence into the
present tense and is illogical. The consistent present tense in option B makes the whole idea a
fact. (simple present tense is used to state facts)
S7. Ans.(c)
Sol. Answer Option C. Modifier error if 'it' is retained as the subject. 'it' cannot be
'looking.' Option A and B are, hence, eliminated. Option D unnecessarily uses the
continuous tense, and has a parallelism error. When one looks at...... the path and the fact are
parallel. Hence option C is the only correct choice.
S8. Ans.(d)
Sol. Answer Option D. The verb 'says' and the pronoun 'its' are consistent with the subject "The
Beijing Language and Culture University Press".
S9. Ans.(b)
Sol. Answer Option B. A colon correctly introduces the list of ideas. Semicolon in its place is
incorrect. Dashes (option C) are incorrect because the idea (between the dashes) is not
parenthetical. The second 'that' is necessary to maintain parallelism. The possessive of Keats can
be either Keats' or Keats's.
S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. Answer Option B. Specially vs especially (Specially means exclusively for, especially means ‐
for a particular purpose); 'especially' suit the context better because 'infertility treatments' are
mentioned as that class of treatments the tourists go for. Option C and D are eliminated. 'The
number of foreigners...' is the subject. "the number" is always singular, hence 'has' is the correct
verb.
S11. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. Who's vs whose‐whose is the possessive of who. 'many features' is plural,
hence the verb has to be the plural 'have.'
S12. Ans.(c)
Sol. Answer Option C. Choice is compared, hence that of (choice of) is
essential. Otherwise choice and Obama are directly compared making it an error. To identify
either the similarities or the differences between two things, use "compare to." To identify both
the similarities and the differences (at the same time), use "compare with." ('Compared with'
places the things compared) on equal level.) India is often compared with China. India is often
compared to the US. In comparing with something, one finds or discusses both things that are
alike and things that are different.
S13. Ans.(d)
Sol. Answer Option D. The OECD is singular (that is why the verb is 'expects' rather than expect;
the pronoun has to be consistent, hence its is necessary‐their is incorrect. 'mostly rich members'
is correct, 'their most rich members' is vague. 'from' needs to be followed by 'to', not 'and'.
Option D corrects these errors.
S14. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. The shift to future tense is unnecessary from the present 'cannot be
represented' as it is a fact. It is an error to change ‘which’ to ‘that’, as ‘which’ introduces a
descriptive clause. 'one way or another' is the correct idiom.
S15. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. Since the subject is 'the blame'‐the verb has to be singular 'has'. 'pinned
on' is correct idiom. 'A more calorific diet' is parallel with 'the spread of...' and a lack of...'
Hence option D is faulty parallelism.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): In each of the following questions, a statement and five choices are given.
Select from among the choices, the most logical complement and mark its number as your
answer.
Q1. There was no other means of coming to power than an alliance with like‐minded parties.
(a) We will revamp the party by taking the support of the opposition
(b) We tried to please the leaders of other parties.
(c) We declared that we are going to rise to power.
(d) We enlisted the support of the opposition.
(e) So we convened an urgent meeting of our workers.
Q2. Facilities in the village hospital are insufficient and outdated.

(a) So we are going to take the patient back home.
(b) We will take our patient home and complain to the authorities.
(c) We will immediately take the patient to a better hospital.
(d) We will wait silently until the hospital gets improved.
(e) We will demand for a better hospital in the village.
Q3. The decision to reopen the old and closed‐down liquor shops was resented by the people in
the city.
(a) Some people took out protest march to the minister’s house.
(b) The liquor‐sellers and contractors supported the government decision.
(c) The ruling party secretly convened a meeting of the most important leaders.
(d) The government succumbed to public opinion and withdrew the decision to open the liquor
shops.
(e) The liquor barons will not allow the closure of the liquor shops.
Q4. Electric supply failed and the fans in the office stood still.
(a) Children playing outside did not feel any heat.
(b) It was a hot season and there was no wind.
(c) The staff had a lot of work to finish.
(d) Urgent arrangement was made to start a stand‐by generator.
(e) During the summer season electric supply is very erratic.
Q5. Many Chief Ministers expressed their opinion in favour of abolishing the governor’s post.
(a) The Central govt. is made up of several parties.
(b) The government’s existence depends upon the Chief Ministers.
(c) There may be a decision very soon.
(d) There are no governors in some of the states.
(e) The government is thinking of building a new Raj Bhavan.
Q6. Electricity is the backbone of industrial development

(a) Many of our new electric projects are lying abandoned.
(b) The authorities are exploring the possibility of starting non‐conventional energy sources.
(c) Reliable and uninterrupted power is a prerequisite for development.
(d) People demand some urgent measures to improve the situation.
(e) Hydroelectric projects are unable to meet the demand.
Q7. Our country is rapidly becoming a consumer nation.

(a) The nation must stand on its own legs.
(b) For financial progress we must reduce import and increase export.
(c) We want to become financially strong.
(d) We are not yet Independent because we depend on other countries in certain fields.
(e) India must become self – sufficient and reduce importing goods.
Aspirants Notes
Q8. Children find it difficult to get admission to primary schools as demand exceeds supply.
(a) The government is against starting new schools.
(b) Primary education has been declared compulsory.
(c) The government schools offer better education than the private schools.
(d) The private sector is exerting influence upon the ruling party to recommend the opening of
new schools.
(e) The private schools make the most of the situation and charge hefty fees.
Q9. The C.B.I. presented an incriminating report about the minister’s foreign connection.
(a) The Newspapers published a lot of nonsense.
(b) The court ordered a judicial enquiry into the whole affair.
(c) People believe all sorts of hearsay without going into their merits.
(d) The party‐connection emboldens everybody to do whatever he likes.
(e) The C. B. I need to look into all aspects before arresting a senior politician.
Q10. The author’s new book was widely accepted by the common people but it angered those in
power.
(a) The book was acclaimed for the political criticism it contained.
(b) The author has employed all his power of observation to prepare the book.
(c) People in the Gulf countries arranged a number of meetings to welcome him.
(d) To secure a valid passport the author had to force a lot of political intervention.
(e) The author’s new book is not available in any of the book shops.
Q11. Given the environmentally conscious times we live in; renewable energy has always been
seen as an ideal source of power.
(a) Indian consumers have to pay exorbitant amounts towards electricity bills.
(b) Renewable energy sources are more cost effective compared to conventional sources.
(c) As India basks in sunlight throughout the year, solar energy systems are very feasible.
(d) Solar energy is ideally suited for villages.
(e) Why can’t Indian Government harness wind energy?
Q12. The Indian System is witnessing the rise of freshly generated wealth which are legitimate
earnings.
(a) The boom in the software sector contributes to a great extent to the economic prosperity of
the country.
(b) The software boom is changing the profile of the country in the new millennium.
(c) Although India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world, the specter of huge
government expenditure looms large.
(d) The country’s demographic profile would change with the list of rich households going up.
(e) The country’s economic progress depends only on the literate population.
Q13. Medical experts argue that the effects of iodine deficiency are too debilitating to leave its
consumption to choice.
(a) Insufficient intake of micro nutrients by an expectant mother is the cause of underdeveloped
brain in an unborn baby.
(b) Some political leaders argue that the consumption of iodized salt is a matter of personal
choice.
(c) According to Medical experts the serious health hazard of iodine deficiency can be overcome
by the consumption of iodized salt.
(d) Not all regions of the country are iodine deficient.
(e) To be healthy we need a balanced diet.
Q14. The earthquake rendered many people homeless.

(a) Builders of several apartments were penalized by the government.
(b) Several non‐governmental organizations came forward to help the quake victims.
(c) The earthquake was so sudden that people were caught unawares.
Aspirants Notes
(d) The intensity of the earth quake was so severe that there was large scale devastation.
(e) The aftershocks of the earthquake are adding to their problems.
Q15. Government run schools across the country are introducing English language to children at
an earlier stage than before.
(a) English is an international language and we cannot ignore it.
(b) There has been a proliferation of English language teaching institutes in urban India.
(c) There has been a steady increase in the use of English over the years.
(d) Indian elite always hankered after English education for their children.
(e) Teaching English has been made compulsory in all schools by the Department of Education.
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(e)
Sol. So we convened an urgent meeting of our workers.
S2. Ans.(c)
Sol. We will immediately take the patient to a better hospital. Since facilities are not good
enough for the treatment, patient should be taken at better hospital for treatment.
S3. Ans.(d)
Sol. Since people in the city resented the decision of opening liquor shop again, govt. decided
not to reopen the shop.
S4. Ans.(d)
Sol. Since electric supply was irregular; hence Urgent arrangement was made to start a stand‐by
generator.
S5. Ans.(c)
Sol. Since many chief ministers have expressed concern about the post of Governor, there may
be a decision very soon.

S6. Ans.(c)
Sol. Reliable and uninterrupted power is a prerequisite for development.
S7. Ans.(b)
Sol. For financial progress we must reduce import and increase export.
S8. Ans.(e)
Sol. Since demand is higher than supply in schools for admission, the private schools make the
most of the situation and charge hefty fees.
S9. Ans.(b)
Sol. The court ordered a judicial enquiry into the whole affair.
S10. Ans.(a)
Sol. the book was acclaimed for the political criticism it contained.
S11. Ans.(b)
Sol. Renewable energy sources are more cost effective compared to conventional sources.
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. The boom in the software sector contributes to a great extent to the economic prosperity of
the country.
S13. Ans.(c)
Sol. According to Medical experts the serious health hazard of iodine deficiency can be overcome
by the consumption of iodized salt.
S14. Ans.(b)
Sol. Several non‐governmental organizations came forward to help the quake victims.
S15. Ans.(e)
Sol. Teaching English has been made compulsory in all schools by the Department of Education.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): In each of the following sentences, a part of the sentence is in BOLD. Beneath each
sentence, five different ways of phrasing the BOLD part are indicated. Choose the best alternative from among
the five.
Q1. The number of foreigners going to India for fertility treatments, specially surrogacy, has dramatically
increased in recent years.
(a) especially surrogacy, have dramatically increased in past years.
(b) especially surrogacy, has dramatically increased in recent years.
(c) specially surrogacy, have dramatically increased in recent years.
(d) specially surrogacy, have shown dramatic improvement in recent years.
(e) specially surrogacy, have dramatically increased at recent years.
Q2. The LHC is a magnificent engineering project, who’s many “gee‐whiz” feature have been widely reported.
(a) whose many “gee‐whiz” features have been widely reported.
(b) who’s “gee‐whiz” features has been reported widely.
(c) Whose many “gee‐whiz” features has been widely reported.
(d) who’s many “gee‐whiz” features have been widely reported.
(e) who’s “gee‐whiz” features had being reported widely.

Q3. Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, outspoken as usual, compared the choice of Liu for the Nobel Prize with
Obama.
(a) compared the choice of Liu for Nobel Prize with that of Obama.
(b) compared the choice of Liu with Obama for the Nobel Prize.
(c) compared the choice of Liu for the Noble Prize to that of Obama.
(d) compared the choice of Liu and Obama to the Nobel Prize.
(e) compared the choice of Liu with the Noble Prize to which of Obama.
Q4. The OECD expects average GDP growth among their mostly rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 and 2.3%
in 2011. Before bouncing back to 2.8% in 2012.
(a) their most rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 and 2.3% in 2011,
(b) their mostly rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 and 2.3% in 2011,
(c) its most rich members to slow between 2.8% in 2010 to 2.3in 2011,
(d) its mostly rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 to 2.3% in 2011,
(e) it has most rich members to slow between 2.8% in 2010 to 2.3in 2011,

Q5. A sphere cannot be represented on a flat plane without distortion, which will mean that all map projections will
distort in one way or another.
(a) which means all map projections distort in one way or another.
(b) that means all map projections will distort one way or another.
(c) which will mean that all map projections distorts one way or other.
(d) Which means all map projections will distort in one way or others.
(e) whose means all map projections will distort one way nor another.
Q6. The blame for rising obesity rates have been pinned on many things, including having more calorific diet, the
spread of processed food, a lack of exercise and modern man’s generally more stressful lot.
(a) has been pinned on many things, including a more calorific diet,
(b) have been pinned to many things, including more calorific diets,
(c) have been pinned on many things, including a calorie rich diet,
(d) has been pinned on many things: having a more calorific diet,
(e) has being pinned on much things: having a more calorific diet,

Q7. The tendency to eat late, though it has never been tested properly, many nutritionists believe, as a factor in
putting on weight.
(a) many nutritionists believe, to be a factor in putting on weight.
(b) many nutritionists believe factor in putting on weight.
(c) is believed by many nutritionists to be a factor in putting on weight.
(d) is believed by many nutritionists as a factor in putting on weight.
(e) much nutritionists believe, to be a factor in putting on weight.

Q8. Of the billion or so Windows machines, some 63% still uses old XP version launched in 2001, in America, the
proportion of XP users are over 80%.
(a) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001, in America the proportion of XP users are
(b) some 63% still uses the old XP version launched in 2001; in America, the proportion of XP users are
(c) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001 in America, the proportion of XP users is
(d) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001; in America, the proportion of XP users is
(e) some 63% still use the old XP version launch at 2001, in America the proportion of XP users are

Aspirants Notes
Q9. Though subjected to verying influences, the distinctive features of China’s artistic activity possess a unity which
is quite as complete as that of our Western art.
(a) possess a unity which is quite as complete as that of our Western art.
(b) possesses a unity which are quite as complete as our Western art.
(c) possesses a unity which is quite complete like our Western art.
(d) possess a unity which is quite complete like our Western art.
(e) possesses an unity who are quite as complete as our Western art.

Q10. To know by parts is science, knowing the whole as a whole is philosophy.
(a) Knowledge of parts is science,
(b) Knowing by parts is science,
(c) To know partially is science,
(d) To know by parts is science,
(e) Knows by parts are science,

Q11. In the fission reactions that nuclear power generation rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium breaks
into smaller ones.
(a) relies on today, heavy elements such as uranium break into smaller ones.
(b) rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium break into smaller ones.
(c) relies on today, heavy elements such as uranium breaks into smaller ones.
(d) rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium breaks into smaller ones.
(e) rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium break on smaller ones.

Q12. The nature of our party system has changed in the past few decades, and the lesson of the past decade had been
that the party that did not hold the white House had every incentive to refuse to co‐operate with the
president’s party.
(a) was that the party that does not hold the White House had every incentive
(b) is that the party that does not hold the White House had every incentive
(c) had been that the party that had not held the White House had every incentive
(d) had been that the party that did not hold the White House had every incentive
(e) were this the party that does none hold the White House had every incentive

Q13. Looking at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn’t fall by that much, it
becomes clear that Germany’s unique recession and recovery was about more than just its choice in labour market
policies.
(a) Looking at the path of German GDP and that total private sector hours didn’t fall much,
(b) Looking at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn’t fall much,
(c) When one looks at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn’t fall much,
(d) When one is looking at the path of German GDP and that total private sector hours didn’t fall much,
(e) Looking at the path of German GDP and that total private sector hours didn’t fell many,

Q14. The Beijing Language and Culture University Press, the largest publisher of Chinese‐language textbooks, says
South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(a) say South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(b) says South Korea and Japan are it’s biggest customers.
(c) says South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(d) says South Korea and Japan its biggest customers.
(e) says South Korea and Japan is it’s biggest customers.

Q15. There are two pieces to Mr Keats’ argument; that English is open‐source as other languages are not; and
that that is why it has spread.
(a) Mr Keats’ argument, that English is open‐source as other languages are not and that
(b) Mr Keats’ argument: that English is open‐source as other languages are not, and that that
(c) Mr Keats’ argument—that English is open‐source as other languages are not—and that
(d) Mr Keats’s argument; that English is open‐source as other languages are not; and that that
(e) Mr Keats’ argument, this English are open‐source as other languages are not and that
Aspirants Notes
Solutions

S1. Ans.(b)
Sol. Specially vs. especially (specially means exclusively for, especially means for a particular purpose);
‘especially’ suit the context better because ‘infertility treatments’ are mentioned as the class of treatments
the tourists go for. Options c and d are eliminated. ‘The number of foreigners…’ is the subjects of the
sentence. “the number” is always singular, hence ‘has’ is the correct verb.

S2. Ans.(a)
Sol. Who’s vs. whose—whose is the possessive of who; ‘many features’ is plural, hence the verb has to be the plural
‘have.’

S3. Ans.(c)
Sol. Choice is compared, hence that of (choice of) is essential. Otherwise choice and Obama are directly
compared making it an error. To identify either the similarities or the differences between two things, use
“compare to.” To identify both the similarities and the differences (at the same time), use “compare with.”
(‘Compared with’ places the things compared on equal level.) India is often compared with China. India is
often compared to the US. In comparing with something, one finds or discusses both things that are alike and
things that are different.

S4. Ans.(d)
Sol. The OECD is singular (that is why the verb is ‘expects’ rather than expect; the pronoun has to be consistent,
hence its is necessary – their is incorrect; ‘mostly rich members’ is correct, ‘their most rich members’ is
vague; ‘from’ needs to be followed by ‘to’, not ‘and.’ Option d corrects these errors.

S5. Ans.(a)
Sol. The shift to future tense is unnecessary from the present ‘cannot be represented’ as it is a fact. It is an error
to change which to that, as which introduces a descriptive clause. ‘one way or another’ is the correct idiom.

S6. Ans.(d)
Sol. Since the subject is ‘the blame’—the verb has to be singular ‘has’; ‘pinned on’ is correct idiom. ‘A more
calorific diet’ is parallel with ‘the spread of ...’ and a lack of …’. Hence option d is faulty parallelism.

S7. Ans.(c)
Sol. There are there are two clauses in this sentence: The tendency to eat late is believed (by nutritionists) to be a
factor in putting on weight and (though) it has never been tested properly. The first clause can also be
correctly constructed as “The tendency to eat late, many nutritionists believe, is a factor in putting on
weight.” But, this is not among the option. “believed …. as a factor” is incorrect.

S8. Ans.(d)
Sol. Portions (percent, fractions etc.) the verb will agree with the noun what follows the of (50 of the people
come from ……. 50% of the money comes from ……. etc.). In this sentence the noun is machines; hence, the
verb ‘use’ is correct. When there is already a comma in any of the punctuation that replaces a conjunction has
to be a semicolon. In the above sentence, there is no conjunction. Option C makes the sentence incorrect
because the sentence is not saying “launched in 2001 in America.” “The proportion…” is the subject in the
next clause; hence, the verb has to be singular ‘is’.

S9. Ans.(a)
Sol. There is no error in the original sentence nor does it need any improvement. ‘features’ needs a plural verb
‘possess’. To establish comparison ‘that of’ is necessary.

S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. Faulty parallelism in all the other options.

S11. Ans.(a)
Sol. Pure subject‐verb agreement question. The subject ‘nuclear power generation’ requires the singular verb
‘relies’ and ‘heavy elements’ requires the plural verb ‘break'.

S12. Ans.(b)
Sol. Tense inconsistency. The lesson of the past decade has to be either ‘is’ or ‘was’, hence had
been is eliminated. The option with was (A) continues the sentence into the present tense and is illogical. The
consistent present tense in option B makes the whole idea a fact (simple present tense is used to state facts).

S13. Ans.(c)
Sol. Modifier error if ‘it’ is retained as the subject. ‘it’ cannot be ‘looking.’ Options A and B are, hence,
eliminated. Option 4 unnecessarily uses the continuous tense, and has a parallelism error. When one looks at
….. the path and the fact are parallel. Hence option C is the only correct choice.

Aspirants Notes
S14. Ans.(d)
Sol. The verb ‘says’ and the pronoun ‘its’ are consistent with the subject “The Beijing Language and Culture
University Press”.

S15. Ans.(b)
Sol. A colon correctly introduces the list of ideas. Semicolon in its place is incorrect. Dashes (option C) are
incorrect because the idea (between the dashes) is not parenthetical. The second ‘that’ is necessary to
maintain parallelism. The possessive of Keats can be either Keats’ or Keats’s.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): Each of the following questions has a paragraph from which the last sentence has been
deleted. From the given options, choose the one that completes the paragraph in the most appropriate way.
Q1. Yes, nobody wants to be Japan, the fallen angel that went from one of the fastest growing economies in the worth
for more than three decades to none that has slowed to a crawl for the past 18 years. No one wants to live with the
trauma of the deflation (falling prices) that Japan has repeatedly experienced. No one wants to navigate the
precarious government‐debt dynamic that Japan faces, with debt levels far above 100% of GDP – even if one factors in
Japanese government’s vast holdings of foreign – exchange reserves. _______________.
(a) No one wants to go from being a world‐beater to a poster child for economic stagnation.
(b) And yet, visitors to Tokyo today see prosperity everywhere.
(c) Although hardly in crisis yet, Japan’s fiscal situation grows more alarming by the day.
(d) Until now, the government has been able to finance its vast debts locally, despite paying paltry interest even on
longer‐term borrowings.
(e) Remarkably, Japanese savers soak up some 95% of their government’s debt.
Q2. On 1 March, Philip Morris, a tobacco giant, sued eight American retailers for selling counterfeit versions of its
Marlboro cigarettes. Governments are also boosting their efforts to crack down on counterfeiting which deprives them
of tax revenue in addition to harming legitimate businesses. Thanks to the rise of the internet and of extended
international supply chains, and more recently, to the global economic downturn, counterfeit goods are every‐where.
Fake Porsches and Ferraris zoom along the streets of Bangkok. A German bank has discovered an ersatz gold ingot
made of tungsten in its reserves, according to a German television channel investigating persistent reports that many
of the world’s financial institutions have been similarly hoodwinked. _______________.
(a) Counterfeiting used to be a luxury goods problem, but now people are trying to traffic counterfeit items that have
a wider effect on the economy.
(b) NASA, America’s space agency, has even bought suspect materials.
(c) Several factors have contributed to the growth of counterfeiting in recent years.
(d) Fake goods are proliferating, to the dismay of companies and governments.
(e) The recession in the rich world may also have given a boost to counterfeit goods.
Q3. The rate of conviction in SC and ST atrocity cases in the State has reached 22 percent from 10 percent last year
due to the proper investigations done by the departments concerned and the increased awareness that enabled the
aggrieved persons to get justice. The government has been appointing special public prosecutors in ‘most sensational’
and long‐pending cases and has issued guidelines to increase people’s understanding of the SC/ST (Prevention of
Atrocities) Act. _______________.
(a) The people’s representatives should now acquaint people with the legal remedies available for them.
(b) The Act has been implemented in letter and spirit.
(c) The Police Department act swiftly on complaints of atrocities.
(d) These measures facilitated speedy disposal of SC and ST atrocity cases.
(e) Investigations have paved the way for speedy delivery of justice.
Q4. Make no mistake: the setting matters. There are many ways to listen to classical Indian music – in the private,
somewhat sterile perfection of the CDs and DVDs we play at home; in the concert sabhas of Mylapore and T. Nagar; on
the music channels on TV or on YouTube, which now carries a little or a lot of almost everything, often in choppy,
byte‐size pieces. But I happen to think that this music sounds best outside, on a hot spring or summer night, with the
taste of pollen and dust on your tongue and mosquitoes circling around your feet. _______________.
(a) We tend to forget that much of the classical music of India, both Hindustani and Carnatic, was meant for intimate
settings like the royal court.
(b) Taking classical music out of ‘sabhas’ into vibrant cultural spaces brings out its ethereal dimensions.
(c) Music is a tangible thing, to be felt in the pores of your skin no less than in the ear; you just can’t do that very
well in the concert halls.
(d) In the course of its transition to the modern concert stage, Carnatic music in particular has sacrificed something of
its delicacy.
(e) One of the important things about the settings is the recreation of a context for listening in which subtlety and
intimacy can assume their natural role.
Q5. In 2009, China overtook Germany to become the world’s largest exporter. Exactly half the trade disputes that
were filed at the World Trade Organization (WTO) last year involved China. These facts are not unrelated. As Pascal
Lamy, the WTO’s chief, pointed out in January, the scope for trade friction increases as countries trade more.
_______________.
(a) Hence, China will test the WTO’s dispute‐settlement system.
(b) Hence, disputes between China and other countries are only to be expected.
(c) Hence, China’s increasing propensity to bring disputes to the WTO is part of a broader shift.
(d) Hence, China has moved from learning‐by‐watching, to being an active participant in formal dispute settlement.
(e) Hence, more disputes may be inevitable; resolving them successfully is not.
Q6. Hundreds of farmers in long, faded cotton sarongs swarmed outside an auditorium at Bangalore University last
February. They were waiting for India’s Environment Minister. This was the last of his public consultations on the
commercial release of Bt Brinjal, a genetically modified (GM) aubergine, created by Mahyco, an Indian hybrid‐seed
company, and Monsanto, an American biotech giant. Waving placards and appetizing images of aubergines, known in
Aspirants Notes
India as brinjal, they shouted themselves hoarse praising the transgenic vegetable. But most of these men, registered
at the consultation as farmers, were in fact landless labourers with no aubergine experience. The Minister was the
first to call their bluff. The companies, he said, without naming any, had bussed farmers from rural districts, to play
the pro‐GM crowd at the hearing that day. _______________.
(a) The tactic failed miserably.
(b) The minister’s roadshow to canvas public views was unusual.
(c) Many were surprised at the Minister’s decision to snub the seed companies and powerful domestic and American
biotech lobbies.
(d) The Minister felt obliged to be responsible to science and responsive to society.
(e) It was a setback for GM in India.
Q7. Indian’s industry going from strength to strength. Manufacturing grew by 14.3% in the fourth quarter, compared
with the same period last year. Politicians celebrate the achievements of “India Inc”, applauding its acquisitions
abroad and welcoming the foreign investment it attracts. They do not show anything like the same confidence in
“Bharat Inc”, which is how India’s rural economy is sometimes described. Bharat, which means India in Hindi, is a
different country. The rural heartland is courted for votes, smothered with regulations, and shielded from the global
economy that corporate India is busy conquering. _______________.
(a) Indian agriculture has performed poorly because governments have treated it as a source of votes rather than as an
engine of growth.
(b) But its policymakers should treat farms as a potential source of growth, not just of votes.
(c) Yet the government cannot achieve the growth it aspires to without robust progress in agriculture, which still
employs about half of India’s workforce.
(d) This year, for the first time in the country’s history, India’s factories may contribute more to GDP than its farms,
forests and fisheries.
(e) Indian agriculture can comfortably feed the country, but that remains the sum of its achievement.
Q8. Thirty years ago the bosses of America’s car industry were shocked to learn that Japan had overtaken America to
become the world’s leading car producer. They were even more shocked when they visited Japan to find out what was
going on. They found that the secret of Japan’s success did not lie in cheap labour or government subsidies – their
preferred explanations – but in what was rapidly dubbed “lean manufacturing”. While Detroit slept, Japan had
transformed itself from a low‐wage economy into a hotbed of business innovation. _______________.
(a) Soon every factory around the world was lean – or a ruin.
(b) Management gurus are always glibly proclaiming revolutions.
(c) Now something comparable is taking place in the developing world.
(d) The rich world is losing its leadership in the sort of breakthrough ideas that transform industries.
(e) Western carmakers learned the techniques of lean production from their Japanese rivals.
Q9. When Parliament decided, in 1709, to create a law that would protect books from piracy, the London‐based
publishers and booksellers who had been pushing for such protection were overjoyed. When Queen Anne gave her
assent on 10th April the following year – 300 years ago – to “An act for the encouragement of learning” they were less
enthused. Parliament had given them rights, but it had set a time limit on the: 21 years for books already in print and
14 years for new ones, with an additional 14 years if the author was still alive when the first term ran out. After that,
the material would enter the public domain so that anyone could reproduce it. _______________.
(a) The lawmakers helped channel the spate of inventiveness that writers had in the past.
(b) The lawmakers knew that authors do not generally consult the statute books before deciding whether or not to
pick up pen.
(c) The lawmakers did not bother about how such a deal can be made equitably.
(d) The lawmakers intended to balance the incentive to create with the interest that people have in free access to
knowledge.
(e) However, none of this should get in the way of the enforcement of copyright, which remains a vital tool in the
encouragement of learning.
Q10. Organ transplantation is one of the most impressive achievements of modern medicine. It has brought hope to
millions of patients suffering from previously fatal organ failure. For many, it has made life longer and better. It has
benefited many professionals and industries, too, by becoming a new source of pride, funding, and profit. Struggling
to contain costs, health‐care payers are also among its beneficiaries. _______________.
(a) Kidney transplantation, for example, has proved to be less costly than dialysis.
(b) Transplant medicine has been grappling with a rapidly increasing gap between the supply of organs and demand
for them.
(c) If we are short of organs, then let us get more of them.
(d) Indeed, transplant ethics has been on a slippery slope almost since transplants began.
(e) Organ transplantation, like mosquito repellent, should be used sparingly, and only when there is no other choice.
Q11. How do you do it? Your colleagues, neighbours, family and friends, how do they all do it? “I follow my nose,”
says Dan Rhodes, author of Gold, “I am always on the hunt for the next book that’s going to rock my world… my
favourite thing is still going into a shop and coming out with something I’d never heard of.” But if you stand in any
bookstore, you’re unlikely to see many people using their noses, they just head straight for the “new” Salman Rushdie
or the “latest” Chetan Bhagat or the “most recent” Shobhaa De or the “new bestseller” from Paulo Coelho:
_______________.
Aspirants Notes
(a) because they believe that books can change life.
(b) maybe that is the Catcher effect – most of us had read Catcher in the Rye and Salinger’s other books in our late
teens.
(c) it doesn’t seem to work that way now.
(d) it’s a matter of judging every book by its author.
(e) if it’s always been around you, you develop an instinct about it, else you are never sure.
Q12. Marie Antoinette told her people to eat cake when they needed bread. Our government encourages people to buy
cars – from Rolls Royce to the Nano – when they need affordable public transport. And when people, especially
women, want simple, basic health care – and clean water and sanitation – they are being urged to inject their
daughters with a Rs. 9,000 vaccine against cervical cancer. _______________.
(a) If some of us do these things, we should not be blamed.
(b) It has brought into focus several ethical and gender‐related issues in the arena of public health.
(c) The priorities of our decision makers are more than slightly skewed.
(d) What women need is basic healthcare, not costly medical experiments.
(e) The vaccine is supposed to protect them from cervical cancer.
Q13. A ride to Alppuzha, visiting the coir industries and boating in the backwaters was next on the agenda. As the
boats sliced the green water of the Vembanad Kayal, we watched life on the backwaters of kerala: women selling
foodstuff wrapped in banana leaves from the canoes, the transport service, the boat stops as schools kids hopped from
one boat to another to get home, the different National waterways that the signs indicated and the homes that had
their families bathing, washing utensils and clothes. _______________.
(a) We were awestruck by the vast expanse of the lake.
(b) The backwaters were indeed the artery of this area.
(c) It was then we realized that this was India’s longest and largest lake.
(d) Life moves at a serene pace in the backwaters of Alappuzha.
(e) The Vembanad Kayal Wetlands is in the list of wetlands of international importance.
Q14. The tragedy about data collection in India is that by the time primary data is converted into useable
information, it may be too late to aid policy intervention. This is true of data collected by not just government
agencies such as the National Sample Survey Organization but also think tanks such as National Council for Applied
Economic Research (NCAER). One of the criticisms of Human Development in India: Challenges for a Society in
Transition – a report put together by NCAER and Institute of Maryland, US – is that it is based on data collected at least
six years back. _______________.
(a) It brings out various dimensions of human development to understand social inequalities, based on survey of 41,554
households.
(b) Many of its findings are an eye‐opener, while some others a reaffirmation of conclusion of other independent
studies.
(c) Indicators used to measure development were household incomes and poverty rates, land ownership and agriculture
incomes, health and education.
(d) It does not capture the impact of the changes of the following years when the economy grew at more than 8% on
an average every year.
(e) Policymakers could draw inference from the findings to improve targeting of programs aimed at inclusive growth.
Q15. Almost a decade after the launch of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, the achievement on universalizing elementary
education is best described as mixed. Massive spending by the Centre and states on setting up new schools and hiring
an army of teachers across the country has ensured enrolment of children in schools has risen across rural India. Just
about 4% of children in the age group 6 – 14 are now estimated not to be attending school. _______________.
(a) However, on any given day, the average attendance rate seems to be around 74% at the all‐India level.
(b) However, that is the only happier part of the story.
(c) However, nearly 50% of children in class V cannot read the text for class II without making a mistake.
(d) However, the poor quality of learning has ensured that the crores spent with the objective of creating an
educated, employable workforce are fruitless.
(e) These children would possibly grow up to the educated employable workforce in India.
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(a)
Sol. The purpose of the paragraph is quite clear: no one wants to be an economy like Japan. The first sentence almost
states it succinctly. Answer option (a) not only summarizes the paragraph also fulfils the purpose of the paragraph
without deviating from this purpose. Option (b) and (c) may help continue the paragraph but bring it to a closure. The
purpose of the paragraph is not the contrasting details of these options. Options (d) and (e) may also be related to the
paragraph by stating how Japan is coping with the decline but are not related to the purpose. Hence they too may
help continue the paragraph but not close it.
S2. Ans.(d)
Sol. The purpose of the paragraph is to point out how widespread counterfeiting has become. The example of Marlboro
cigarettes and German bank are cited as examples. Government also has become aware (trying to crack down) of the
menace. Without bringing in any new ideas and by summing up the ideas in the paragraph option (d) smoothly closes
the paragraph. Option (a), though on the same topic of counterfeiting, is not related to the purpose of the paragraph –
especially about ‘people try to counterfeit items of wider economic impact.’ Option (b) merely helps to continue the
paragraph with one more example. Option (c) brings in ‘several factors’ which will not need to be explained. Option
(d)
S3. Ans.(d)
Sol. The paragraph states the increased conviction rates and the factors that led to this increase. Option (a) takes off
from this and states what peoples’ representatives should be doing. The writer’s purpose is not to communicate this –
what people’s representatives should be doing. Option (b) goes beyond the scope of the details available in the
paragraph – ‘in letter and spirit’ – the paragraph only states the increase in conviction and not anything else. Option
(c) and (e) are merely details explaining the increase – do not help to close the paragraph. Option (d) closes the
paragraph by stating that the measures adopted have contributed to achieving what is stated in the beginning of the
paragraph – closing it without any loose ends.
S4. Ans.(e)
Sol. The key to finding the answer choice here is the first sentence, “the setting matters” and the second last
sentence, “… But I happen to think that this music sounds best outside.” If this is understood as the purpose of the
paragraph, the options that can be shortlisted are options (c) and (e). Options (c) is good only as long as one
emphasizes the ‘outside’ – then, ‘outside’ vs. ‘concert hall’ may make sense. The major purpose of the paragraph is
the ‘settings’ – and option (e) continues this idea and closes it in the paragraph. Option (e) includes whatever is
contained in option (c) and adds to the ‘settings’ aspect of the paragraph.
S5. Ans.(b)
Sol. If the volume of trade (exports) and disputes “are not unrelated,” what can be expected is that China’s disputes
will increase as in has become the no. 1 exporter. The word ‘hence’ (a constant in the options) is important. Hence or
therefore signals an effect. The effect of the data presented in the paragraph is that china will have conflicts. The
mildest way of stating this to say ‘conflicts are expected.’ Option (b) hence closes the paragraph smoothly. Option
has irrelevant detail of settlement system. In option (c), ‘broader shift’ will require further explanation. Option (d)
talks about China’s involvement in dispute settlement, which is not related to the purpose. Option (e) is almost right,
but ‘resolving them successfully’ makes it unrelated.
S6. Ans.(a)
Sol. The paragraph narrates an incident. The purpose of the paragraph is nothing more than that, if you read it
carefully. People shouting themselves hoarse supporting the issue were ‘planted’. The Minister merely called their
bluff. The most neutral sentence that can close this paragraph is that “their tactic failed” – ‘the tactic’ is enough as
there is no other tactic in the paragraph. Option (b) goes beyond the paragraph – we cannot decide that the show was
unusual. Option (c) has unsustainable implications. Many were surprised would mean – the Minister might have
supported the companies earlier; the option gets eliminated straightaway. Option (e) may be considered. However,
what was a setback for GM in India will need further explanation.
S7. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is a direct take off from: “… the global economy that corporate India is busy conquering.” Yet it
cannot do that without agriculture. The first sentence and the sentence, “they do not show anything like the same
confidence in “Bharat Inc…”, set the purpose of the paragraph. These ideas need to be closed. Option (c) closes both.
Option (a), (b) and (e) continue the paragraph. Option (e) closes the first part of the paragraph leaving a loose end
about agriculture.
S8. Ans.(e)
Sol. Options (a) through (d) are generalizing or inferring from the given paragraph. The paragraph is just about car
manufacturers in Japan and the Americans. The paragraph needs to be closes in relation to these aspects. Option (e)
does just that.
S9. Ans.(d)
Sol. The lawmakers give copyright for 14 or 28 years and then the book goes into the public domain. This balances the
creative urge to writer as well as the interest people have in getting free access. Option (d) thus well closes the
Aspirants Notes
paragraph. Option (a) is partial – does not conclude the public domain part. Option (b) seems to suggest that the
lawmakers were against the writer – which is not the case in the paragraph. Option (c) too has the same shortcoming.
Option (e) is contrary to the intent of the paragraph.
S10. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is immediately linked to the second last sentence. “Organ transplantation is one of the most
impressive achievements… it has made life longer and better. … benefited many professionals and industries.
Struggling to contain costs, health‐care payers are also among its beneficiaries.” How they are beneficiaries needs to
be stated to logically close the paragraph. Once this is understood, all the other options can be seen to be far cries.
S11. Ans.(d)
Sol. The sentence to complete this paragraph is a continuation of “But if you stand in any bookstore, you’re unlikely
to see many people using their noses, they just head straight for the “new” Salman Rushdie or the “latest” Chetan
Bhagat or the “most recent” Shobhaa De or the “new bestseller” from Paulo Coelho… though the writer uses his nose
to choose the book to read, other people do not do this; they choose by the name of the author.
S12. Ans.(c)
Sol. The beginning of the paragraph tells us the purpose of the paragraph through an example – lopsided priorities;
trying to substitute for basic necessities. Then, examples of the misplaced priorities of our government are given. The
paragraph is best concluded by stating the purpose, which otherwise might go unnoticed. Option (a) is quite vague.
Option (b) changes the basic purpose of the paragraph. Option (d) and (e) merely state more about the last example,
but do not help to complete the paragraph.
S13. Ans.(b)
Sol. Since the writer describes the life centered on the Vembanad Lake (backwaters of Kerala), the best sentence to
complete the paragraph is the one that fulfils this purpose of the paragraph. Option (a), (c), and say almost the same
thing (the lake’s size and its importance) and is not purpose of the paragraph. Option (d) too is not purpose of the
paragraph, though it is connected – but the serenity of the life is not the purpose of the description of the scene.
S14. Ans.(d)
Sol. This is a fairly straightforward choice. The paragraph states the problem with data collection in India. The
reports are delayed and become almost irrelevant. The report on human development in India is based on data
collected six years back – the natural outcome is stated in option (d). Options (a) and (b) cannot be criticisms, hence
are not consistent with the paragraph. Option (c) tells more about the methodology and does not conclude the
paragraph. Option (e) also does not justify the criticism mentioned in the paragraph.
S15. Ans.(d)
Sol. The purpose of the paragraph is defined by the first sentence itself, that the achievement is mixed. However, no
example or idea exists in the paragraph to make it mixed. What is stated is positive. The last sentence, hence, needs
to state something to the contrary to complete the paragraph. Options (b), (c) and (d) qualify for the answer options
from this point of view. Option (b) does not help to complete the paragraph. Option (c) is correct – can even be the
answer in the absence of option (d). Option (d) puts the whole scheme in perspective. Option (c) draws attention to a
specific deficiency of the scheme. Hence option (d) scores.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): In the following passage, some of the words have been left out, each of which is indicated by
a number and a word is given for each blank. If the given word is correct then choose appropriate option (E) as
correct answer, otherwise find the suitable word from the options given against each number and fill up the
blanks with appropriate words to make the paragraph meaningfully complete.
WHAT is the sum of ……1……(physical) science? Compared with the ……2………… (commercial) universe and with ……
3……(conceivable) time, not to speak of infinity and eternity, it is the observation of a mere ……4…… (pointless), the
experience of an ……5…… (instant). Are we ……6…… (quarantine) in founding anything upon such data, except that
which we are obliged to found upon them – the daily rules and processes ……7……(unnecessary) for the natural life of
man? We call the discoveries of science ……8……;(sublime) and truly. But the sublimity belongs not to that which they
……9……(conceal) but to that which they suggest. And that which they suggest is, that through this material glory and
beauty, of which we see a little and imagine more, there speaks to us a being whose nature is akin to ours, and who
has made our hearts capable of such converse. Astronomy has its practical uses, without which man’s ……10……
(intend) would scarcely rouse itself of those speculations; but its greatest result is a ……11……(revelation) of
immensity pervaded by one informing mind; and this revelation is made by astronomy only in the same sense in which
the ……12……(stethoscope) reveals the stars to the eye of the astronomer.
Science finds no law for the thoughts which, with her aid, are ministered to man by the starry skies. Science can ……
13……(disapprove) the hues of sunset, but she cannot tell from what urns of pain and ……14……(pleasure) its
pensiveness is poured. These things are felt by all men, felt the more in proportion as the mind is higher. They are a
part of human nature; and why should they not be as sound a basis for ……15……(philology) as any other part? But if
they are, the solid wall of material law melts away, and through the whole order of the material world pours the
influence, the personal influence, of a spirit corresponding to our own.
Q1.
(a) spiritual
(b) materialistic
(c) corporal
(d) disbursal
(e) The given word is correct.
Q2.
(a) transient
(b) sumptuous
(c) incomplete
(d) comprehensible
Q3.
(a) innuendo
(b) insurmountable
(c) achievable
(d) approachable
Q4.
(a) point
(b) conjecture
(c) context
(d) coincidence
Q5.
(a) intact
(b) constant
(c) contest
(d) command
Q6.
(a) challan
(b) warranted
(c) guaranty
(d) plausible
Q7.
(a)
Aspirants Notes
necessary
(b) obligatory
(c) unrequited
(d) dormant
Q8.
(a) unfound
(b) profound
(c) supreme
(d) soliloquy
Q9.
(a) subjective
(b) ill‐gotten
(c) reveal
(d) illustration
Q10.
(a) intellect
(b) intrepid
(c) insolent
(d) interpretation
Q11.
(a) uninterested
(b) reflection
(c) remorse
(d) replete
Q12.
(a) sphygmomanometer
(b) seismograph
(c) barometer
(d) telescope
Q13.
(a) disdain
(b) explain
(c) certify
(d) dominate
Q14.
(a) displeasure
(b) wonder
(c) disastrous
(d) supplement
Q15.
(a) dermatology
(b) biology
(c) sociology
(d) philosophy
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(e)
Sol. The given word “physical” is correct.
S2. Ans.(d)
Sol. Comprehensible – is correct word that defines the nature of universe.
S3. Ans.(e)
Sol. The given word conceivable is correct. conceivable‐capable of being imagined or grasped mentally.
S4. Ans.(a)
Sol. ‘point’ is correct word that fits in the context of the paragraph correctly.
S5. Ans.(e)
Sol. The given word Instant‐ is correct.
S6. Ans.(b)
Sol. Warranted‐ justify or necessitate (a course of action). ‘Warranted’ is correct word.
S7. Ans.(a)
Sol. ‘Necessary’ is correct word according the conveyed meaning in the sentence.
S8. Ans.(e)
Sol. The word ‘sublime’ is correct, it means‐ sublime‐of very great excellence or beauty.
S9. Ans.(c)
Sol. Reveal ‐fits in the context correctly.
S10. Ans.(a)
Sol. Intellect‐ fits in the context correctly.
S11. Ans.(e)
Sol. Revelation is correct word.
S12. Ans.(d)
Sol. Telescope‐ is correct word in the given context.
S13. Ans.(b)
Sol. Explain‐ is correct word.
S14. Ans.(e)
Sol. Pleasure‐ the given word is correct.
S15. Ans.(d)
Sol. Philosophy is correct word.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): Choose the word which is not a synonym for the given word.
Q1. Stingy
(a) amicable
(b) penurious
(c) parsimonious
(d) frugal
(e) None of the above
Q2. Persistence
(a) perilous
(b) sedulity
(c) pertinacity
(d) plodding
Q3. Untrue
(a) spurious
(b) false
(c) meretricious
(d) chaste
Q4. Relax
(a) rest
(b) unwind
(c) ease
(d) relegate
Q5. Accumulation
(a) collection
(b) conglomeration
(c) assemblage
(d) collagen
Q6. Sleep Inducing

(a) soporific
(b) sedative
(c) somnolent
(d) hygroscopic
Q7. Swelling
(a) turgidity
(b) distention
(c) inflammation
(d) flaccidity
Q8. Incline
(a) trenchant
(b) slope
(c) acclivity
(d) gradient
Q9. Shining
(a) indolent
(b) dazzling
(c) gleaming
(d) glistening
Q10. Loafer
(a) vagrant
(b) lounger
(b) lounger
(c)
Aspirants Notes
bantam
(d) idler
Q11. Emigrate
(a) depart
(b) elude
(c) relocate
(d) resettle
Q12. Eloquent
(a) elusive
(b) articulate
(c) fluent
(d) expressive
Q13. Defendant
(a) accused
(b) appellant
(c) offender
(d) defoliant
Q14. Abase
(a) adjourn
(b) degrade
(c) humiliate
(d) mortify
Q15. Aplomb
(a) ease
(b) ribald
(c) repose
(d) serenity
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(a)
Sol. Stingy‐mean; ungenerous.
amicable‐characterized by friendliness and absence of discord.
S2. Ans.(a)
Sol. Sedulity‐Persevering and constant in effort or application; assiduous.
pertinacity‐The quality or state of being stubbornly unyielding:
plodding‐ (of a person) thorough and hard‐working but lacking in imagination or intelligence.
perilous‐full of danger or risk.
S3. Ans.(d)
Sol. spurious‐not being what it purports to be; false or fake.
meretricious‐apparently attractive but having no real value.
S4. Ans.(d)
Sol. relegate‐assign an inferior rank or position to.
S5. Ans.(d)
Sol. collagen‐the main structural protein found in skin and other connective tissues, widely used
in purified form for cosmetic surgical treatments.
S6. Ans.(d)
Sol. soporific‐tending to induce drowsiness or sleep.
sedative‐promoting calm or inducing sleep.
somnolent‐sleepy; drowsy.
hygroscopic‐(of a substance) tending to absorb moisture from the air.
S7. Ans.(d)
Sol. turgid‐ Excessively ornate or complex in style or language; grandiloquent
distention‐ the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope
flaccidity‐ a flabby softness
S8. Ans.(a)
Sol. trenchant‐ vigorous or incisive in expression or style.
acclivity‐An upward slope, as of a hill.
gradient‐ an inclined part of a road or railway; a slope.
S9. Ans.(a)
Sol. indolent‐wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy.
S10. Ans.(c)
Sol. bantam‐ A small but aggressive and spirited person.
Loafer‐a person who avoids work and spends their time idly.
lounger‐a person spending their time lazily or in a relaxed way.
vagrant‐a person without a settled home or regular work who wanders from place to place and
lives by begging.
S11. Ans.(b)
Sol. elude‐ escape from or avoid (a danger, enemy, or pursuer), typically in a skillful or cunning
way.
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. elusive‐difficult to find, catch, or achieve.
S13. Ans.(d)
Sol. Defendant‐an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.
Aspirants Notes
appellant‐a person who applies to a higher court for a reversal of the decision of a lower court.
defoliant‐a chemical that removes the leaves from trees and plants, used in warfare.
S14. Ans.(a)
Sol. mortify‐cause (someone) to feel very embarrassed or ashamed.
adjourn‐break off (a meeting, legal case, or game) with the intention of resuming it later.
S15. Ans.(b)
Sol. Aplomb‐self‐confidence or assurance, especially when in a demanding situation.
ribald‐referring to sexual matters in an amusingly rude or irreverent way.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐5): In each of the following sentences, a part of the sentence is in BOLD. Beneath each sentence,
five different ways of phrasing the BOLD part are indicated. Choose the best alternative from among the five.
Q1. Partnership, he said, was a “two‐way street”, adding of Karzai, “We have to listen and learn. But he’s got to
listen to us as well”.
(a) “two‐way street,” adding of Karzai: “We have to listen and learn. But he’s got to listen to us, as well”.
(b) “two‐way street”; adding of Karzai: “We have to listen and learn – but he’s got to listen to us as well”.
(c) “two‐way street,” adding of Karzai; “We have to listen and learn; but he’s got to listen to us as well.”
(d) “two‐way street”, adding of Karzai, “We have to listen and learn. But he’s got to listen to us, as well”.
(e) None of these
Q2. There has been heightened concern among India’s civil society about the threats for the environment caused
by the pressures of development and industrialisation.
(a) within the civil society of India about the threats to the environment
(b) within India’s civil society about the threats to the environment
(c) among India’s civil society about the threats to the environment
(d) for India’s civil society about the threats to the environment
(e) None of these
Q3. Unable to cope up with the losses, 1.5 lakh workers were laid off by the private sector.
(a) Unable to cope up with the losses, the private sector lay off 1.5 lakh workers.
(b) Unable to cope with the losses, 1.5 lakh private sector workers were laid off.
(c) Unable to cope with the losses, the private sector laid off 1.5 lakh workers.
(d) Unable to cope with the losses, the private sector had lain off 1.5 lakh workers.
(e) None of these
Q4. Dasara is now celebrated across Karnataka as a State festival with an exquisitely unique blend of the religious
and the secular.
(a) festival with an exquisitely unique blend of religions and secularism.
(b) festival with an exquisite blend of unique religions and secularism.
(c) festival with an unique blend of religious and the secular.
(d) festival with a unique blend of the religious and the secular.
(e) None of these
Q5. If I was you, then I would not do that.

(a) If I were you, I would not do that.
(b) If I were you, then I would not have done that.
(c) If I was you, then I would not do that.
(d) If I had been you, I would not have done that.
(e) None of these
Directions (6‐15): In each of the following questions, there are four sentences or parts of sentences that form
a paragraph. Identify the sentence(s) or part(s) of sentence(s) that is/are correct in terms of grammar and
usage (including spelling, punctuation, and logical consistency). Then, choose the most appropriate option.
Q6. A. Sometimes, we think we are only the people with problems.

B. Our problems override other considerations; we can’t think beyond our own vexations.
C. When we see a small dampness on our wall we scurry to get them repaired and corrected,
D. but we don’t think of people whose homes have been washed away by the rage of the rain gods.
(a) A and B
(b) B and D
(c) C only
(d) C and D
(e) A, B AND C
Q7. A. Chen Jianping repeated again on twitter something her fiancé said
B. about anti‐Japan protests getting violent, and added, “Charge, angry youth!”
C. For this she was sentenced one year in a labor camp.
D. Twitter is banned in China, but its easy to use blocked sites with simple internet tricks.
(a) A only
(b) B only
(c) C only
(d) B and D
(e) A, B AND C
Q8. A. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, is gyre of marine litter in the central North Pacific Ocean.
B. The patch extends over a very wide area, with estimates ranging from area
C. the size of the state of Texas to one larger as the continental United States;
D. however, the exact size is unknown.
(a)
Aspirants Notes
A and D
(b) B and C
(c) C only
(d) D only
(e) A only
Q9. A. At media agency Mindshare’s Mumbai office

B. sit a team of ninety‐three individuals
C. Who’s only focus is the consumer giant Hindustan Unilever.
D. In fact, this unit occupies an area the size of most mid‐sized agency’s in this country.
(a) A only
(b) A and C
(c) A and D
(d) B and C
(e) C only
Q10. A. One of the classroom exercise I conduct with my Persuasive Communication students
B. at IIMA is taken from Kurukshetra war.
C. I ask a student to be Kunti, other to be Karna.
D. Kunti has to persuade Karna to leave Duryodhana and join the Pandavas.
(a) A only
(b) A and B
(c) C and D
(d) D only
(e) C only
Q11. A. The debasement of currencies, particularly US dollar, has given gold,

B. perceived a monetary unit, a leg up with the metal slated to record it’s tenth annual gain,
C. the longest since 1920’s. With the US Federal Reserve set to pump $600 billion
D. through purchase of debt, more money is expected to chase commodities such as gold.
(a) A and D
(b) A and C
(c) C and D
(d) D only
(e) C only
Q12. A. Three years have passed since Dr. Ira Kalish, global research head, Deloitte, visited India.
B. But the changes in modern trade are all too apparent to Kalish.
C. There has been well‐publicised expansions and scale backs.
D. Some have taken a fall, and others picked pace.
(a) A and B
(b) B and C
(c) C and D
(d) D only
(e) C only
Q13. A. The world of luxury is innovating in ways which strike an emotional chord with the effluent buyer.
B. And the elite are not complaining.
C. Vishakha Doshi Director Marketing & communication Entrack distributors for Montblanc India says that people
identify with the core values of such legends.
D. “Each of the limited edition luxury writing instrument pays tribute to icons and is a collector’s pride.”
(a) A, C and D
(b) B only
(c) All are correct
(d) All are incorrect
(e) C only
Q14. A. NRIs does not include a person who has gone out of India on employment, business or vocation,
B. or any other purpose for an uncertain period.
C. Also, a person who has come to stay in India other than employment,
D. business or vocation, or on any other purpose for an uncertain period.
(a) A, C and D
(b) B only
(c) All are correct
(d) All are incorrect
(e) C only
Q15. A. Companies will have to complete not only on prices to the consumer
B. but also remunerative prices to farmers.
Aspirants Notes
C. This is possible only if they invest on better seeds, fertilisers and farm practices.
D. The farmer has to get higher returns from his land and they need support to do this.
(a) A only
(b) B only
(c) A and D
(d) C and D
(e) C only
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(a)
Sol. Commas and periods generally go inside the quotation marks (there are situations in which they are outside). A
semicolon has no place in this sentence. The comma after us, helps to remove the ambiguity that may arise “us as
well” or “listen .. as well.” Adding of Karzai is better followed by a colon than a comma. A comma would suffice if it
was “adding to Karzai”.
S2. Ans.(b)
Sol. ‘among’ vs. ‘within’, the latter is a better preposition in the context. ‘threats to the environment’ is
idiomatically correct. There is no need to change ‘India’s civil society’.
S3. Ans.(c)
Sol. ‘cope up’ is incorrect idiom; ‘cope’ as verb is sufficient. The first part of the sentence is a modifying phase
(subject modifier); the correct subject is ‘private sector’; ‘laid off’ is the correct past tense of ‘lay off’.
S4. Ans.(d)
Sol. ‘exquisite’ and ‘unique’ together becomes redundant. ‘The religious and the secular’ is parallel (both adjectives).
S5. Ans.(a)
Sol. The subjunctive mood (If I were.) – “in grammar, subjunctive mood designates the mood of a verb used to express
condition, hypothesis, contingency, possibility, etc., rather than to state an actual fact: distinguished from
imperative, indicative.” Also, in modern English “If I was you …” is completely incorrect. If … then as a conjunction is
best avoided, though it is not always incorrect; ‘if’ would suffice in most situations.
S6. Ans.(b)
Sol. B and D. In A ‘only’ is misplaced; “ we are the only people…” In C the pronoun ‘them’ is inconsistent (in number)
with its antecedent ‘a small dampness’; ‘it’ is the correct pronoun.
S7. Ans.(b)
Sol. B only. In A ‘repeated again’ is redundant. ‘repeated’ is correct. In C ‘sentenced one year…’ is incorrect;
‘sentenced to one year..’ will make it correct. In D its is used instead of it’s.
S8. Ans.(d)
Sol. D only. In A ‘gyre’ needs a determiner before that ‘a gyre’ would be correct. In B ‘ranging from an area…’ would
be correct. ‘from …… and’ is incorrect. In ‘as large as’ or ‘larger than’ would correct the part. “larger as” is
incorrect.
S9. Ans.(a)
Sol. A only. In B, The verb ‘sit’ for the subject ‘team’ is incorrect. It should be ‘sits’. In C, who’s has to be replaced
with ‘whose’. In D agency’s is incorrect, it should be agencies.
S10. Ans.(d)
Sol. D only. A should be corrected to ‘one of the … exercises’. B has to include the definite article “the Kurukshetra
war”. C should be corrected “another to be …” D has no error.
S11. Ans.(d)
Sol. D only. A must include the definite article before US dollar—the US dollar. B has two errors: ‘perceived as a
monetary unit’ and it’s vs. its. C has two errors: since 1920’s is incorrect, it should be corrected to since the 1920s—
the is necessary and no apostrophe for the plural of years.
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. A and B are correct. The verb in C must be “there have been…” In D the correct idiom would be “picked up
pace”.
S13. Ans.(b)
Sol. B only. Sentence A uses effluent (flowing out) instead of affluent (wealthy). B is correct—the collective noun the
elite is considered as individuals, hence the plural verb is correct. C is not punctuated at all—it requires commas this
way: “Vishakha Doshi, Director, Marketing & communication, Entrack, distributors for Montblanc India says that
people identify with the core values of such legends.” D is incorrect in “each of the ….. instrument.” It should be
“each of the … instruments.”
S14. Ans.(d)
Sol. All are incorrect. A is incorrect in NRIs does not; it should be NRIs do not… B is incorrect as the preposition is
missing “on employment etc… is correct, but on cannot be applied to ‘or on any other purpose” hence a
new preposition needs to be inserted e.g., “for any other purpose”. C also misses the preposition—other than for/on
employment will be correct. D is incorrect “on any other purpose”—“for any other purpose” would be correct.
Aspirants Notes
S15. Ans.(a)
Sol. A only. In B the preposition on is missing after ‘but also’ giving rise to faulty parallelism. C has the incorrect
preposition ‘invest on’ rather than ‘invest in’. In D, the farmer is singular hence the pronoun they is inconsistent with
it.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐10): Mark the out‐of‐context sentence for your answer.
Q1. A. When a brand has earned the respect of consumers and are “followed,” 48% are positive
to receiving messages from that brand.
B. But the question that needs to be asked: is all this money being spent wisely?
C. Social media is everywhere and marketers are planning to take full advantage by pledging
more budget than ever to the plethora of new communication channels available.
D. Billions of dollars are expected to be invested across the globe in 2013 as the explosion in
social shows little signs of slowing.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q2. A. They are the finest in their respective fields, their areas of expertise range from climbing
cliffs that stretch to the heavens, without safety nets of course, to wing suit jumps off those
very same cliffs.
B. Now, you might have heard of the next chap.
C. It is always a strange, life‐threatening form of sport; only those not in their right mind would
try it.
D. Doyle is part of an elite force of over 600 brand agents.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q3. A. This must change.

B. This would encourage long term investment and channelize saving in the productive financial
assets of equities.
C. In the case of equities, retain investors have to rely on the kindness of brokers or advisors to
scan a profitable investing opportunity.
D. Indians save a lot but invest mostly in gold and real estate and very little in equity.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q4. A. In India, that is the norm, with 22 constitutionally‐decreed languages and thousands of
dialects.
B. It was conventional wisdom that Indians thinks fast and multitask because of endemic
adversity: the situation demands and fosters it.
C. It is rare to find most people fluent in more than a single language in most places.
D. For those who marvel at the Indian talent of multitasking – best displayed by shopkeepers and
dhaba waiters – the clue could lie in most of us being polyglots.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q5. A. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has promised concrete steps to fight inflation.
Aspirants Notes
B. It will not only ensure better returns to farmers but also keep inflation under check.
C. Farmers should be able to sell their produce freely.
D. This requires states to scrap the Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) laws that
give monopoly to some traders to buy crops.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q6. A. Almost immediately, speculation began about which team he would come back to train
after a year‐long sabbatical in the United States. Global football chatter – always opinionated
and occasionally substantive – speculated that two English clubs were likely destinations for Pep.
B. These were Manchester City and Chelsea, each with super‐rich owners.
C. Nearly a year ago when Pep Guardiola, the most successful coach of the world’s best football
team, FC Barcelona, quit at the end of a triumphant season, shockwaves went around the soccer
universe.
D. What does Pep’s choice reveal about the state of European football?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q7. A. Spectrum is a case in point – though not depleting in reality, it faces scarcity of a
different kind because of technological evolution bringing in more and more innovative uses,
which does create a scarcity factor of sorts.
B. In an era when a keyboard is all pervasive; controlling trajectories of space missions, nuclear
plants to aircrafts in flight, anything and everything is possible to bring in efficiencies of scale to
make the utilization of natural resources such that costs to the consumer are brought down.
C. This debate has been going on for over three decades, but it has been sought to be
suppressed for parochial reasons of ownership.
D. Not to embrace technology that helps in the preservation of ever‐depleting natural resources
to bring about benefits to humanity and to prolong the resources is a sin.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q8. A. The reactors have been running for decades without any serious environmental issues.
B. Soon after commissioning, the original suppliers left, leaving us to fend for ourselves.
C. The first nuclear reactors in India were imported.
D. It had to be so because there was no other group than the Department of Atomic energy
working in this field.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q9. A. He helped kindle fears that effectively shut down GM foods in Europe and in developing
nations like India.
B. But having gone into the science behind it – and getting the Royal Society science book prize
for his “Six Degrees” – he found his beliefs on GM foods were myths.
Aspirants Notes
C. To achieve a doubling of food output by 2050 low‐yielding organic technology, huge forests
and grasslands will have to be cleared and cultivated.
D. Mark Lynas says when he first heard of Monsanto’s GM soya, he thought a nasty US corporation
was putting out a monster food by mixing genes.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE
Q10. A. They just go ahead and do it because it is part of their nature.

B. Because if the rich man gives up his wealth to feed the poor and makes a show of it, he would
still be far from heaven.
C. Eastern scholar RH Blyth said that it is not so much our sins that are obvious weaknesses and a
vulgarity, as our virtues that we need to be delivered from.
D. “Forgive us our good deeds as we forgive those who do good deeds to us.”
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) NONE

Directions (11‐15): In each of the following sentences, parts of the sentence are left blank. Beneath each
sentence, five different ways of completing the sentence are indicated. Choose the best alternative from
among the five options.
Q11. Cars __________ to accommodate wheelchair users are vital to disabled people to get out and about and enjoy
__________ lives.
(a) designed, their
(b) modified, healthy
(c) adapted, active
(d) modified, itinerant
(e) adopted, itinerant
Q12. Some __________ defending, especially in the second half of the game allowed the opposition to __________
and the defending champions lost the game.
(a) slack, score
(b) superb, lose
(c) robust, win
(d) superb, score
(e) slack, lose
Q13. Print, paper, and newspapers enabled the rise of new types of __________ based on expanded popular
participation.
(a) class conflicts
(b) cultural forms
(c) social norms
(d) political systems
(e) ethical dilemmas
Q14. Businesses attempt to __________ the conflicts of interest between groups to ensure __________ operation of
the organization.
(a) compromise, profitable
(b) reconcile, efficient
(c) reconcile, commercial
(d) stimulate, efficient
(e) encourage, professional
Q15. One in three people on our planet have no __________ to modern energy to light and heat the __________ in
which they live.
(a) resource, homes
(b) right, houses
(c) contact, nations
(d) access, dwellings
Aspirants Notes
(e) source, countries
Aspirants Notes
S1. Ans.(a)
Sol. C, B and D pursue the theme of the perceived importance of social media and the huge
budgets in this direction. Sentence A is tangential and has no relation to this theme.
S2. Ans.(b)
Sol. The 600 brand agents of Doyle and their strange and daredevil expertise are described in D,
A and C in that order. From this point of view B does not make sense.
S3. Ans.(b)
Sol. D, A and C (or D, C and A) in that order make sense about the saving habits of Indians and
the need to change. However, B starts abruptly and without connection that “this would
encourage…” – hence is the odd sentence.
S4. Ans.(b)
Sol. D states the theme to which other two sentences (A and C) are related – that the
multitasking ability of Indians spring form their being polyglots. Sentence B brings in another
factor “adversity” – hence is odd in this context.
S5. Ans.(a)
Sol. Statements C, B and D in that order or C, D and B in that order talks about the freedom that
farmers should have to sell their produce freely. Statement A in this context has no connection
with the others.
S6. Ans.(d)
Sol. C, A and B read in that order narrates the story of Pep’s quitting. Statement D mentions
“Pep’s choice” which is highly ambiguous as there is no mention of any choice in the other three
sentences.
S7. Ans.(c)
Sol. “Not to embrace technology that helps in the preservation of ever‐depleting natural
resources…” is theme of the three sentences BDA in that order – spectrum is advanced as an
example. “this debate…” in C is disconnected.
S8. Ans.(d)
Sol. It had to be so in D raises the question “what had to be so.” C, B and A in that order give us
the history and performance of nuclear reactors in India. D though related to the subject is not
related to the theme of the other three sentences.
S9. Ans.(c)
Sol. The other three sentences in the order of D, A and B describe the change of view of Mark
Lynas with regards to GM foods. The doubling of food output etc. in C is out of context in this
narrative.
S10. Ans.(a)
Sol. The other three sentences read in the order CBD follow the same theme – that we need to
be delivered from our ostentatious virtues. Hence forgive us our good deeds in D connects with C
and B. However, A does not connect.
S11. Ans.(c)
Sol. adapted, active. There is nothing in the context to justify healthy or itinerant. option {a} ‘enjoy their lives’ is
grammatically correct but logically it does not justify “to get out and about” – hence active is justified. Cars can be
adapted, modified or designed. The best combination, however, is option {c}.
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. slack, score. Fits in the context of the sentence correctly.
S13. Ans.(d)
Sol. political systems. ‘based on expanded popular participation’ and ‘print, paper, and newspaper’ (media) control
Aspirants Notes
the word in the blank. political systems relate to both, whereas all the other options are not necessarily related to one
or the other.
S14. Ans.(b)
Sol. reconcile, efficient. Conflicts need to be reconciled if operations are to be efficient. Conflict of interests
controls the first blank. Operations control the second word. Some of the other options (e.g., option d) may make
sense ‐but it is not natural communication or logic, it is contrived sense.
S15. Ans.(d)
Sol. access, dwellings. ‘modern energy’ controls the first blank in the context, ‘in which they live’ and ‘heat and
light’ control the next blank., hence dwellings.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): Mark the out‐of‐context sentence for your answer.
Q1. A.Where government resolve and action can really make a difference is in the area of
investment.
B. The government’s mid‐year review of the economy pares growth estimates for this fiscal
down to less than 6%, from the upbeat 7.6% projected six months earlier.
C. So far, the government has focused on inclusion, which is not a bad thing.
D. The prediction may have dismayed markets, but this new show of realism should shake the
government out of its cocoon of complacence.
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q2. A. Young adult literature assures teens that the world is capable of understanding and
sympathizing, and that it can provide a safe space to explore the unknown, including the
unknown parts of oneself.
B. But stories have always held the power to guide and influence their listeners and, moreover,
teens often lack the tools or the cultural context to view works in a critical light.
C. As evidenced by studies as well as our own memories, teen girls are particularly vulnerable to
self‐doubt and self‐esteem problems.
D. In this context, young adult novels can play a special role, with stories crafted specifically to
validate their emotions and speak to young women’s concerns.
(a) only A
(b) only B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q3. A. In 1991 labourers were brought in from the villages of Tamil Nadu to work on the runway
and once construction was completed, instead of returning to their villages they decided to stick
around in the city of dreams and thus the slum “Annawadi” came to be.
B. Pulitzer Prize winning journalist, Katherine Boo spent three years in a Mumbai slum called
“Annawadi” situated on the fringes of the city’s international airport.
C. Why anyone would want to live in “a sodden, snake‐filled bit of brushland across the street
from the international terminal” is a baffling question to many, but because rural poverty is
bleaker than urban destitution, many rural migrants choose the latter.
D. Through the lives of several protagonists, the reader is able to get a glimpse into what life
may be like in a Mumbai slum.
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q4. A. According to a 2010 study, fields of insect‐resistant GM corn have an “area‐wide

suppression effect” on insects, benefiting neighbouring fields containing conventional corn
varieties.
B. For example, modern techniques of genetic engineering‐also known as biotechnology,
recombinant DNA technology, or genetic modification (GM) – provide the tools to make old
plants do spectacular new things.
C. It is a specialty of self‐styled public‐interest groups, whose agenda is often not to protect
public health or the environment, but rather to oppose the research, products, or technology
Aspirants Notes
that they happen to dislike.
D. People everywhere are increasingly vulnerable to the use of what Nobel Prize‐winning
chemist Irving Langmuir dubbed “pathological science” – the “science of things that aren’t so” –
to justify government regulation or other policies.
(a) only A
(b) only B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q5. A. In general, it is fair to say that these activities are performed more efficiently as a result.
B. Many activities that were previously performed “for free” such as home maintenance, and
care for the sick and elderly, are now frequently outsourced and counted as economic output.
C. People whose skills are worth, say, $50 per hour spend more of their time earning $50, rather
than performing chores “worth” $10 or $20 per hour.
D. But many individuals, most of the time, go online without any interest in buying something.
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q6. A. Developed countries, however, devote most of their research funds to the diseases from
which their citizens suffer, and that seems likely to continue for the foreseeable future.
B. On which problems should we focus research in medicine and the biological sciences?
C. People in rich countries already can expect to live about 30 years longer that people in the
poorest countries.
D. There is a strong argument for tackling the diseases that kill the most people – diseases like
malaria, measles, and diarrhea, which kill malaria in developing countries, but very few in the
developed world.
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q7. A. Drugs with serious adverse safety profiles are used to treat potentially fatal conditions –
including various forms of cancer, inflammatory arthritis, and HIV – because they ultimately help
more than they hurt.
B. Moreover, drug safety is a leading factor in determining how medicines are regulated.
C. Rather than assess a medicine’s safety in isolation, its adverse effects must be considered in
relation to its efficacy.
D. In other words, a benefit‐risk balance must be struck.
(a) only A
(b) only B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q8. A. And one of the things that struck me as I learned more and more about HIV was how
strange epidemics were.
B. The word “Tipping Point,” for example, comes from the world of epidemiology.
C. If you talk to the people who study epidemics – epidemiologists – you realize that they have a
strikingly different way of looking at the world.
Aspirants Notes
D. Before I went to work for The New Yorker, I was a reporter for the Washington Post and I
covered the AIDS epidemic.
(a) only A
(b) only B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q9. A. I guess what I’m saying is that I’m not sure that this book fits into any one category.
B. I profile three people who I think embody those types, and then I use the example of Paul
Revere and his midnight ride to point out the subtle characteristics of this kind of social
epidemic.
C. I think that word of mouth is something created by three very rare and special psychological
types, whom I call Connectors, Mavens, and Salesmen.
D. There’s a whole section of the book devoted to explaining the phenomenon of word of mouth,
for example.
(a) only A
(b) only B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q10. A. Much of the African surface is covered by savannas, or open grasslands, and by arid
plains and deserts.
B. Africa is a continent of great size, almost 12 million square miles or about three times the
size of the United States.
C. We have already noted the origins of humankind in East Africa where some of the earliest
fossil remains of protohominids have been found.
D. Most of it lies in the tropics and, although we often think of Africa in terms of its rain forests,
less than 10% of the continent is covered by tropical forests, and those are mostly in West
Africa.
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q11. A. In these centuries, there were important advances in the aesthetics of nature, including
the emergence of the concepts of disinterestedness and the picturesque, as well as the
introduction of the idea of positive aesthetics.
B. Although environmental aesthetics has developed as a sub‐field of philosophical aesthetics
only in the last 40 years, it has historical roots in eighteenth and nineteenth‐century aesthetics.
C. Thus, by the end of the eighteenth century, there were three clearly distinct ideas each
focusing on different aspects of nature’s diverse and often contrasting moods.
D. These notions continue to play a role in contemporary work in environmental aesthetics,
especially in the context of its relationship to environmentalism.
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q12. A. But the loss is not only theirs.

Aspirants Notes
B. Unless disadvantaged racial groups are integrated into mainstream social institutions, they
will continue to suffer from segregation and discrimination.
C. Current affirmative action debates have lost sight of the ideal of integration as a compelling
moral and political goal.
D. It is high time that institutions of higher education forthrightly defend this ideal in its own
right.
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q13. A. Not long ago the world’s main worry was that people had too little to eat.
B. In an age of plenty, individuals have the luxury of eating what they like.
C. Persuading children to eat vegetables is hardly a new struggle, nor would it seem to rank high
on the list of global priorities.
D. Yet America, for all its libertarian ethos, is now worrying about how its citizens eat and how
much exercise they take.
(a) only A
(b) only B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q14. A. Moreover, for most nations, government debt is projected to grow relative to income for
years to come.
B. The popularity of austerity policies has waned over the past several years thanks to evidence
that it may have been counterproductive.
C. It is important to remember that there is an absence of evidence that government with their
own currencies are too indebted.
D. But many are still worried by the fact that, relative to national income, government debt is
now larger in many countries than at any point since WWII.
(a) only A
(b) A and B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Q15. A. A thorough understanding of what civilization and culture are requires knowledge of all
the qualities that make up human nature and a full understanding of world history.
B. To be truly world history, an account of the past must not only retell what happened but must
also relate events and people to each other.
C. It must inquire into causes and effects.
D. It must try to discern false hood in the old records, such as attempts of kings to make
themselves look better than they really were.
(a) only A
(b) only B
(c) only C
(d) only D
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(c)
Sol. Notice the theme followed in B, D, and A, in that order if you prefer. They all follow the
idea paring of growth estimates, the dismay of the markets to this, and what government can
do. D suggests that government should boost investment to accelerate growth. Sentence C talks
about “inclusion which is not bad.” It is unrelated to the theme followed in the other three
sentences.
S2. Ans.(b)
Sol. The paragraph highlights the importance of young adult literature for teens. CDA in that
order follow this theme. However, statement B goes off on a tangent and states that teens lack
“critical light.” It does not go along well with the other sentences.
S3. Ans.(d)
Sol. ‘lives of several protagonists,” “the reader” etc., in D are not related to the story narrated
here that Katherine Boo spent three years in a slum that came into being when
construction labourers continued to stay on rather than return to their villages.
S4. Ans.(a)
Sol. D, C and B in that order are about the same theme – which is, the unnecessary regulation of
GM crops by governments and criticism by self‐styled public‐interest groups to research like
modern techniques of genetic engineering. From this point of view sentence A is not related to
the theme.
S5. Ans.(d)
Sol. B, A and C makes sense in that order. However, sentence D talks abruptly about going online
without any interest in buying. It is disconnected from the other three sentences.
S6. Ans.(c)
Sol. “On which problems should we focus … There is a strong argument for tackling the diseases
that kill the most people … Developed countries, however, devote most of their research
funds…” elsewhere. Hence C does not fit into this scheme of things.
S7. Ans.(b)
Sol. A, C and D in that order make perfect sense on the theme that is concluded in sentence D.
From this point of view, though B makes sense, it talks about regulation.
S8. Ans.(b)
Sol. D, A and C, in that order talks about the writer’s experience and learning. When B states
“for example” it has no connection with the others. Example for what?
S9. Ans.(a)
Sol. D, C and B in that order is the writer commenting about a whole section of his book. That it
does not fit into any category – sentence A – has hardly any relation to the other three
sentences. In D the beginning of the paragraph is rather abrupt but there is no other sentence
that can begin this paragraph.
S10. Ans.(c)
Sol. The other three sentences follow the theme of the geography of Africa – the origin of
humankind cannot be linked to this theme. If you try to arrange the other sentences in a
sequence it could be BDA.
S11. Ans.(c)
Sol. B, A and D in that order talks about the development of environmental aesthetics – its roots
in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries – the emergence of the concepts of disinterestedness
and the picturesque in these centuries and how these concepts still influence… C does not fit
into this theme in any way – there is no place for “thus.”
Aspirants Notes
S12. Ans.(d)
Sol. C, B and A is about the theme of integration with reference to affirmative action. “they will
continue to suffer…” logically follows into “but the loss is not only theirs.” – There is no need to
bring in institutions of higher education into all this. “this ideal” is also ambiguous. Even if we
force “this ideal” to be “integration” there seems to no place for respect to the other
sentences.
S13. Ans.(a)
Sol. Read the sentence in the order of C, B and A. The theme is the eating habits of Americans –
children don’t eat vegetable – individuals eat what they like – their eating habit has become a
national concern. Sentence A does not fit well in this scheme of things.
S14. Ans.(c)
Sol. B, D and A in that order talk about how in spite of the waning of the popularity of austerity
measures government is now larger than ever and how it is projected to grow. C is a misfit and
does not relate to any of the sentences.
S15. Ans.(a)
Sol. What is “truly world history” is explained in B, C and D in that order itself. It becomes
impossible to relate A to this theme.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐10): In each of the following questions, a paragraph with a blank is given. From the five choices
given below, select the sentence which can go into the blank to make the paragraph logically coherent.
Q1. Srinagar is the capital of Kashmir. There are very beautiful scenes all round. The Dal Lake is one among
them. [__________] We can hire one of them and voyage along the length and breadth of the lake or live in it
for a week or so.
(a) There are several guides to take us round.

(b)There we can see a number of house boats waiting to be hired by the tourists.
(c)It is difficult to count them.
(d)It was dark inside and bright outside.
(e) There are several tourists looking around the place.
Q2.Polio‐affected children are found everywhere in India. Recently the Government has started Polio‐
eradication Scheme. [__________] Unless we take care to co‐operate the purpose cannot be fulfilled.
(a) We must help children to take the proper vaccine.

(b) We must take the children to get vaccinated.
(c) Children must remain without any movement.
(d) We must make children exercise.
(e) We need experts to undertake such projects.
Q3. Many film‐stars have recently migrated to the area of television. [__________] As the viewers increase
their popularity also increases. T.V serials appear to be more paying than the feature films.
(a) Television gives a better chance of action.

(b) There they have a greater number of viewers.
(c) Television is a house hold affair.
(d) If we do not like a TV program we can turn it off.
(e) Television is useful in many ways.
Q4. Man is trying to find out modern means of producing electric power. The solar panel is one of them.
[__________] This electricity can light lamps, turn fans or work small household appliances.
(a) It is very cheap and affordable.

(b) We ourselves can make one such device.
(c) It converts sunlight into electricity.
(d) It is easy to work and beautiful to look at.
(e) Electricity is a good substitute for sunlight.
Q5. Air‐pollution is one of the gravest problems faced by city‐dwellers. Foul gas liberated from heaps of waste
matter is one source of pollution. [__________] Recently the Government has made arrangements to measure
it. If it is above the allowable limit the vehicles are prohibited from plying along the public roads.
(a) Another source is the smoke emitted by vehicles.

(b) Foul water in the channels is another.
(c) The smell from toddy shops pollutes the air.
(d) Open drainage pollutes the air.
(e) People suffer due to smoke emitted by vehicles.
Q6. Corruption has become rampant in India. Corrupt officials and politicians are ruling over the hapless
common man. [__________] People must join together and force them to take necessary legal action.
(a) Politicians with integrity simply withdraw from the scene.

(b) Such officials are welcomed by the general public.
(c) Even police authorities are reluctant to face them.
(d) They do it with the connivance of topmost authorities.
(e) Corruption is the breeding ground for all evils.
Q7. Feature films have a very great influence upon the common people. They have no hesitation in regarding
actors as gods. [__________] They must utilize this love and regards to serve the people, not to exploit them.
(a)
Aspirants Notes
Gods are expected to protect the devotees.
(b) Though they are gods they are human enough to err.
(c) Gods never walk on earth or collect money.
(d) Some people are ready even to die for them.
(e) Actors are viewed as gods.
Q8. Most of us fall victim to some sort of disease or the other. We can avoid diseases by leading a hygienic life.
It is better to bear in mind a simple truth. [__________] The consciousness of this truth will lead us to
happiness.
(a) It is impossible to have constant health.

(b) Hygienic life is less costly than medical treatment.
(c) Man is mortal and likely to die at any moment.
(d) Happiness is always evasive.
(e) Health needs good care as we may fall victim to some sort of disease.
Q9. A doctor has succeeded in raising a variety of monkeys similar to human beings. They clean their teeth with
brushes and mop their face with towels. [__________] In that case these animals may be called monkey – man
and we may be called man – monkeys.
(a) Perhaps they may learn and use human language.

(b) Sometimes they may die after a few days.
(c) The method adopted by the doctor is wonderful.
(d) We can expect a lot of change in the case of other animals also.
(e) Monkeys are good subjects unlike human beings.
Q10. It is wonderful how a word can acquire diagonally opposite meaning. Gandhiji called the socially
downcast people by the name Harijans. [__________] But now the Harijans themselves feel that it is a word
of insult.
(a) Gandhiji was a social reformer.

(b) Gandhiji had many Harijan friends.
(c) Gandhiji expected to bring them respect by calling them the children of God.
(d) Harijans have risen to such a high position that they feel their brand name ‘Harijan’ to be degrading.
(e) Only Harijans are children of God.
Directions (11‐15): Each of the following questions has a paragraph from which the last sentence has been
deleted. From the given options, choose the one that completes the paragraph in the most appropriate way.
Q11. Lower winter temperatures were common in Europe during the second half of the 17th century, famously
allowing frost fairs to be held on the frozen Thames in London before riverine developments increased the flow
rate. These cold winters coincided with the Maunder minimum in solar activity when the Sun remained virtually
free of sunspots for almost 50 years. However, establishing that this was not just a chance occurrence requires
that the relationship continue to hold over a long interval, such that cold European winters become less
frequent when solar activity is high and then more common again when solar activity falls. Various indicators
show that during the recent minimum of the 11 year sunspot cycle, the Sun has been quieter than at any time in
the previous 90 years.
(a) This means that solar activity during the current sunspot minimum has fallen to levels unknown since the start of
the 20th century.
(b) This yields an opportunity for a better test of the relationship between solar activity and cold European winters.
(c) This proves that cold winters occur more commonly in the UK during low solar activity.
(d) This regional and seasonal effect relating to European winters may have a global effect.
Q12. Debt is more common in families with disabled children: the parents were unable to keep up with any
local property taxes, water, and telephone bills, and were not likely to be able to afford basic items such as a
family holiday once a year,a bicycle, or even two pairs of shoes. A disabled baby needs more nappies.
Families’ ability to work grows difficult, and finding childcare is a real burden. Households with disabled
childrenwill depend more on social security benefits and are faced with the additional financial costs
associated with caring for a disabled child.
(a) There is a strong link between child disability and poverty.

(b) The highest prevalence of childhood disability is found in the poorest families.
Aspirants Notes
(c) It is an adverse and serious social gradient that families with disabled face.
(d) But thanks to science, these children live longer and medicines keep them alive.
Q13. What a super film experience Green Zone is! From the firecracker opening to the sucker‐punch climax, the
film is a non‐stop adrenalin rush. The hand‐held camera and natural light make you feel as if you are seeing the
action from the front, as if you have access to footage shot from a sniper’s sights. Whether it is a Bourne‐in‐
Baghdad kind of relentless action thriller or a strong statement against the U.S. war in Iraq, (incidentally, it is
both) Green Zone succeeds as a pure cinema, delivering thrills, spills and chills in breathless succession hardly
giving anyone time to breathe.
(a) This is a movie that takes you on a thrilling, provocative, exhilarating ride.
(b) There is really nothing more you could ask for from a movie.
(c) Green Zone effectively knits several strands together to make a cohesive whole.
(d) The plot is taut and truthful.
Q14. Talented youth can ill‐afford to resign to their fate just because they can’t properly communicate in
English. They should confront the challenges which should, in fact, bring out their best. A little confidence and
hard work are all that is needed for them to climb up the career ladder. For that they need to develop
communication skills in English, shape up their personalities and acquire the much‐needed knowledge.
(a) Knowledge and communication skills are the key ingredients that make up the recipe for success.
(b) Students have to act as leaders in the college itself.
(c) Success will automatically follow.
(d) Speaking and writing in English are important, thinking in English is twice as important.
Q15. Philosophy of music has been dominated by the view that the best music is autonomous and formally
complex. As recently as 1990, philosophy of popular music consisted of variations on a single theme.
Philosophers defended the twin assumptions that popular music is essentially different from “serious” or art
music, and that the former is aesthetically inferior to the latter.
(a) As a result, music could not be regarded as art if it lacked genius and autonomy.
(b) As a result, popular music competes with and replaces local and regional folk traditions.
(c) As a result, most philosophers concentrated on identifying the aesthetic deficiencies inherent in popular music.
(d) As a result, philosophers have investigated popular music by identifying and critiquing key concepts that shape our
response to this music.
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(b)
Sol. There we can see a number of house boats waiting to be hired by the tourists. This sentence is the continuation of
the idea expressed in the first sentence.
S2. Ans.(b)
Sol. We must take the children to get vaccinated.
S3. Ans.(b)
Sol. There they have a greater number of viewers. The next sentence also talks about the viewers.
S4. Ans.(c)
Sol. It converts sunlight into electricity.
S5. Ans.(a)
Sol. Another source is the smoke emitted by vehicles. In previous sentence, first source is talked about.
S6. Ans.(c)
Sol. Even police authorities are reluctant to face them.
S7. Ans.(d)
Sol. Some people are ready even to die for them.
S8. Ans.(b)
Sol. Hygienic life is less costly than medical treatment.
S9. Ans.(a)
Sol. Perhaps they may learn and use human language.
S10. Ans.(c)
Sol. Gandhiji expected to bring them respect by calling them the children of God.
S11. Ans.(b)
Sol. “...establishing that this was not just a chance occurrence requires that the relationship continue to hold over a long
interval...” is the crux of the paragraph. Hence the sun being “quiet” is an opportunity to find this correlation. Options (C)
and (D) can be very easily eliminated as not related to the purpose of the paragraph. Option (A) is true, is an inference
not related to the purpose of the paragraph.
S12. Ans.(c)
Sol. This statement is a very low level inference that logically closes the paragraph. The paragraph is not sufficient to
establish the link as in option (A). Option (B) goes farther away from the paragraph. Option (D) is unrelated to the
purpose of the paragraph.
S13. Ans.(b)
Sol. All options may appear correct. The scoring option, however, has to close the paragraph, andnot merely continue it.
Option (A) will be repetitive. Options (C) and (D) will continue the paragraph.
S14. Ans.(c)
Sol. The purpose of the paragraph is in the first sentence “can illafford to resign to their fate.” Option (A) is already
clearly statedit just states the same thing in different words. Option (B) takes off on a tangent and brings in leadership;
option (D) also does not close the paragraph. Option (C) just does thatthe paragraph has no loose ends.
S15. Ans.(c)
Sol. The purpose of the paragraph is: Philosophers consider popular and serious music different. The former lacks
complexity and autonomy, the later is variations on a single themand that popular music is inferior. “As a result” will
discuss its direct consequences and close the paragraph. Hence option (C) scores. Option (A) is stated. Option (B) is
irrelevant in “replace” and “folk music”. Option (D) is irrelevant in “our response.”
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): Four sentences are given with a blank in each. Five words are also given. The blank in each
sentence can be filled by one or more words. Similarly, each word given in the choices can go into any number
of sentences. Identify the number of sentences each word can go into and mark as your answer the maximum
number of sentences any word can go into.
Q1. A. The millionaire has __________ Rs. 10,00,000 for this priceless artifact.
B. In a/an __________ to rescue the child who was caught in fire, she sustained burns.
C. I went to the railway station to __________ goodbye to my friend.
D. I was asked to __________ a price by the auctioneer.
(a) quoted
(b) attempt
(c) bid
(d) say
(e) spend
Q2. A. He __________ many spine‐chilling anecdotes to us.

B. The law extends to several __________ groups.
C. This person is not __________ to me in any way, he is a trickster.
D. The two groups are __________ to each other.
(a) allied
(b) connected
(c) related
(d) recounted
(e) narrated
Q3. A. Can you please __________ the bell?

B. The words spoken by him still __________ in my ears.
C. Mahatma Gandhi was the __________ leader of the Non‐Cooperation movement.
D. I shall give you a __________ after reaching home.
(a) sound
(b) ring
(c) chief
(d) call
(e) sell
Q4. A. Many students still __________ around the college, even after the classes are over.
B. Every citizen of India should __________ his head in shame at the brutal killings in the name of religion.
C. There is ample space in the wardrobe for you to __________ your clothes.
D. “__________ the perpetrators of the crime!” shouted the angry mob.
(a) execute
(b) loiter
(c) hang
(d) bend
(e) store
Q5. A. This book pertaining to fine arts is beyond a __________ man’s comprehension.
B. I helped mother to __________ the table for breakfast.
C. In her hour of distress she had to __________ her hopes on her relatives to help her.
D. He requested me to __________ some money.
(a) pin
(b) lay
(c) lend
(d) ordinary
(e) common
Q6. A. My friends tried to cheer me up, as I was in a depressed __________ of mind.
B. All the senior leaders of the party have assembled together to __________ a new election strategy.
C. He wanted to change the __________ of his spectacles.
D. Can you please __________ this picture for me?
(a) build
(b) bend
(c) frame
(d) state
(e) draw
Q7. A. Despite being hardworking he could never __________ success in his career.
B. He is such a spoilsport that he cannot __________ a joke against himself.
C. This toothpaste has the __________ of mint.
D. The __________ of mango is relished by the young and old alike.
(a)
Aspirants Notes
taste
(b) flavour
(c) enjoy
(d) experience
(e) small
Q8. A. Akbar was known for his benevolence, people were happy during his __________.
B. Cleopatra has an ambition to __________ the world as a queen of beauty.
C. Better to __________ in hell than to serve in heaven.
D. One should not allow indolence to __________ over oneself.
(a) reign
(b) dominate
(c) rule
(d) tenure
(e) overpower
Q9. A. I do not __________ him as a brilliant performer.

B. The __________ of interest offered by Nationalized banks is very low.
C. At any __________ I shall see that you get over the crisis.
D. He rose from the __________ of a soldier to that of a commissioned officer.
(a) rank
(b) cost
(c) rate
(d) value
(e) see
Q10. A. The __________ accused in the murder, was sentenced to death.

B. __________ time soap operas on the television charge exorbitant rates from advertisers.
C. Abolition of illiteracy should be the __________ concern of every state government.
D. The office of the Vice‐chancellor is in the __________ building of the University.
(a) mainly
(b) prime
(c) primitive
(d) chief
(e) only
Q11. A. The little boy was pampered by his grandparents, who catered to his every __________.
B. “Your __________ is my command”, said the genie to the prince.
C. I __________ you could understand me better.
D. Being an easygoing person, she behaves according to her own __________ and fancy.
(a) whim
(b) demand
(c) wish
(d) hope
(e) need
Q12. A. I could finish my work __________ ahead of time.

B. He is __________ off when compared to his other siblings.
C. By his attitude, I could make out that he does not mean __________.
D. She is __________ dressed when compared to other women in the gathering.
(a) much
(b) better
(c) well
(d) good
(e) harm
Q13. A. For many years India was __________ in a tricky situation, whether to go in for a nuclear weapon or not.
B. The marathon innings of the batsman came to an end when he was finally __________ by the same bowler who
troubled him the most.
C. The notorious burglar was finally __________ by the cops.
D. I was __________ unaware when my photograph was clicked.
(a) held
(b) seized
(c) apprehended
(d) caught
(e) trapped
Q14. A. The management took no __________ of the problems pertaining to the workers.
B. The class teacher was called to __________ for the dismal performance of the students in the examination.
Aspirants Notes
C. Many young cricket fans __________ Tendulkar as a hero.
D. The principal promised the students that he would __________ their demands.
(a) consider
(b) explain
(c) accurate
(d) estimate
(e) notice
Q15. A. The jail authorities have decided to __________ some of the prisoners, who possessed a clean record, as a
gesture of good will.
B. He decided to __________ himself of all responsibilities by handing over charge to his successor.
C. Since he is a spendthrift he is very __________ in spending money.
D. Government aided schools are now offering to teach computer course to students __________ of charge.
(a) devoid
(b) release
(c) lavish
(d) free
(e) parole
Aspirants Notes
SOLUTIONS
S1. Ans.(c)
Sol. ‘bid ‘fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S2. Ans.(c)
Sol. ‘related ‘ fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S3. Ans.(b)
Sol. ‘ring ‘fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S4. Ans.(c)
Sol. ‘hang ‘fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S5. Ans.(b)
Sol. ‘lay ‘fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S6. Ans.(c)
Sol. frame ‐fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S7. Ans.(a)
Sol. taste ‐fits in three sentences correctly.
S8. Ans.(c)
Sol. ‘rule ‘fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S9. Ans.(c)
Sol. ‘rate ‘ fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S11. Ans.(c)
Sol. ‘WISH’ fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S12. Ans.(c)
Sol. ‘well ‘fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S13. Ans.(d)
Sol. caught ‐fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S14. Ans.(a)
Sol. ‘consider ‘ fits in all the above sentences correctly.
S15. Ans.(d)
Sol. ‘free ‘fits in all the above sentences correctly.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): A number of sentences are given below which, when properly sequenced, form a COHERENT
PARAGRAPH. Four sentences are LOGICAL connected, one sentence is out of the context. Find the ODD
SENTENCE.
Q1. A. McCorvey’s case came to be adopted by people far more powerful than she.
B. They made her the lead plaintiff in a class‐action lawsuit seeking to legalize abortion.
C. The case ultimately made it to the U.S. Supreme Court, by which time Mc Corvey’s name had been disguised as
Jane Roe.
D. The defendant was Henry Wade, the Dallas County district attorney.
E. On January 22, 1973, the court advised in the favor of The UNICEF, allowing legalized education for children
throughout the country.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q2. A. Forgetfulness means that you are a genius according some famous people in the field of psychology.
B. You then forget the essential fact that, underneath the level of physical appearances and separate forms, you are
one with all that is.
C. It is this screen of thought that creates the illusion of separateness, the illusion that there is you and a totally
separate “other.”
D. It comes between you and yourself, between you and your fellow man and woman, between you and nature,
between you and God.
E. Identification with your mind creates an opaque screen of concepts, labels, images, words, judgments, and
definitions that blocks all true relationship.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q3. A. Fear is a dreadful thing.

B. It darkens our lives, from fear we act neurotically.
C. We are asking whether man can ever be free of this terrible burden.
D. Courageous people are very contented with their lives.
E. fear may be lurking in the deep unconsciousness, in the deep recesses of one’s own brain.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q4. A. Kohal says she has always had best travel experience in all the leading airlines.
B. And there are stories in the media and social media of notes being left on flights, or complaints being made, by
passengers upset that they’ve flown with a female pilot.
C. Kohal’s doctor mother and engineer father taught her and her sister that they weren’t any different from men and
could do anything they wanted as long as they had fun doing it.
D. GoAir, a budget airline in India, said in 2013 that it only wanted to hire small, young females to be flight
attendants in order to save money on fuel by keeping the weight of the plane down.
E. This family support has helped her excel, but many women entering traditionally male‐dominated professions in
India encounter more obstacles.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q5. A. But anyone who has worked as a professional in the country knows otherwise.
B. So what about the infamous terror attacks in Asian countries which is the cause of fear in much of the rest of the
world?
C. In the collective imagination, there are two Europes: the industrious north, with relatively low unemployment and
dynamic economies, and the sluggish south, where people would just as soon kick back, sip an espresso and watch the
world go by.
D. Olivier, a senior counsel in a large French multinational in the construction industry in Paris works about 45 to 50
hours a week, from roughly 09:00 till 19:30.
E. Many people would lump France, the land of the 35‐hour workweek, long lunches and even longer vacations, with
the south.
(a) A
Aspirants Notes
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q6. A. Everyone knows the story of the traveler who has never been on a foreign trip before and the unfortunate
events drove him crazy.
B. I think that there is far too much work done in the world, and that immense harm is caused by the belief that work
is virtuous, and that what needs to be preached in modern industrial countries is quite different from what always has
been preached.
C. But although my conscience has controlled my actions, my opinions have undergone a revolution.
D. Being a highly virtuous child, I believed all that I was told and acquired a conscience which has kept me working
hard down to the present moment.
E. Like most of my generation, I was brought up on the saying, “Satan finds some mischief still for idle hands to do.”
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q7. A. A system of coercion is best suitable in a democracy and can be solution to all the world problems.
B. I am quite aware that it is necessary for the success of any complex undertaking that one man should do the
thinking and directing and in general bear the responsibility.
C. For force always attract men of low morality, and I believe it to be an invariable rule that tyrants of genius are
succeeded by scoundrels.
D. For this reason I have always been passionately opposed to systems such as we see in Italy and Russia today.
E. But the led must not be compelled; they must be able to choose their leader.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q8. A. They have a responsible president who is elected for a sufficiently long period and has sufficient powers to be
really responsible.
B. I believe that in this respect the United States of America have found the right way.
C. The really valuable thing in the pageant of human life seems to me to live a luxurious life, be ruthless and
insensitive toward other fellow citizens.
D. The thing that has brought discredit upon the prevailing form of democracy in Europe today is not to be laid to the
door of the democratic idea as such, but to lack of stability on the part of the heads of governments and to the
impersonal character of the electoral system.
E. On the other hand, what I value in our political system is the more extensive provision that it makes for the
individual in case of illness or need.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q9. A. He has only been given his big brain by mistake.

B. A backbone was all he needed.
C. This topic brings me to that worst outcrop of the herd nature, the military system, which I abhor.
D. This system of military is bringing the humankind to the danger of extinct.
E. That a man can take pleasure in marching in formation to the strains of a band is enough to make me despise him.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q10. A. I must launch out my boat.

B. The languid hours pass by on the shore – Alas for me!
C. The spring has done its flowering and taken leave.
D. And now with the burden of faded futile flowers I wait and linger.
E. The waves have become clamorous, and upon the bank in the shady lane the yellow leaves flutter and fall.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
Aspirants Notes
(e) E
Q11. A. Only now and again sadness fell upon me, and I started up from my dream and felt a sweet trace of a strange
fragrance in the south wind.
B. My basket was empty and the flower remained unheeded.
C. On the day when the lotus bloomed, Alas, my mind was straying, and I knew it not!
D. That vague sweetness made my heart ache with longing and it seemed to me that is was the eager breath of the
summer seeking for its completion.
E. The 21st century children are immune to such virus.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q12. A. The people of India are giving in nature , sometime they steal because of poverty.
B. Take the fresco at Mahabalipuram called ‘Arjuna’s Penance’.
C. The magnificent figures in the main frieze and narrative, carved out of the rock, are themselves a mix of the divine
and the humorous.
D. But, most tellingly, not far from the main frieze, are the figures of two monkeys, one picking lice from the other’s
hair.
E. It’s an astonishing example of how this country’s traditions of miniaturist converge with its epic stories.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q13. A. Gandhi was jailed many times for his protest again the British.
B. This is precisely the greatness of any classical work; that is can lend itself for any interpretation at any given era,
far removed from its own time, because of its eternal appeal.
C. This total assimilation is reflected in his translation.
D. Although Gandhi was commissioned to do the translation, the Tirukkural was in his genes, inherited from his
maternal grandfather who had translated it 1930.
E. He was so ‘smitten’ by this celebrated work, having read and re‐read it several times over, that it became a part of
his intrinsic cultural psyche.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q14. A. Economists love incentives.

B. They love to dream them up and enact them, study them and tinker with them.
C. The typical economist believes the world has not yet invented a problem that he cannot fix if given a free hand to
design the proper incentive scheme.
D. His solution may not always be pretty – it may involve coercion or exorbitant penalties or the violation of civil
liberties – but the original problem, rest assured, will be fixed.
E. An incentive is given to all the employees who perform exceptionally well.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Q15. A. Like the proverbial butterfly that flaps its wings on one continent and eventually causes a hurricane on
another, Norma McCorvey dramatically altered the course of events without intending to.
B. She was a lady who possessed exceptional skills and she was a wine connoisseur, travelled the world and lived her
life luxuriously.
C. It had taken shape more than twenty years earlier and concerned a young woman in Dallas named Norma Mc
Corvey.
D. All she had wanted was an abortion.
E. There was another factor, meanwhile which had greatly contributed to the massive crime drop of the 1990s.
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) E
Aspirants Notes
Solutions

S1. Ans.(e)
Sol. The 1st sentence opens the discussion on McCorvey’s case. The 2nd (‘they’ refers to ‘people’ in the 1st sentence)
and 4th sentences talk about the plaintiff and the defendant of the case. The 3rd sentences talk about the progression
and culmination of the case. Hence ABDC are in logical order but Option E is clearly out of the context sentence. In
Option E, UNICEF is mentioned which is irrelevant according to the context of the passage.
S2. Ans.(a)
Sol. The 5th sentence moots the problem of identification with the mind; the 4th gives examples of how ‘it blocks the
different relationships’. The 3rd extends the idea further; the 2nd sentence talk about the result of identification with
the mind and thoughts. EDCB are in logical order but Option A is clearly out of the context sentence. In option A, the
idea about forgetfulness is absurd according to the context. Hence Sentence A is ODD sentence.
S3. Ans.(d)
Sol. The paragraph opens with a general statement about fear (1st sentence). The 2ndsentence talk about how it’s a
‘dreadful thing’; and 3rd calls it a terrible burden. The 5thsentence explains how ‘one may not be conscious’ of fear.
ABCE ‐all these four sentences talk about ‘fear’ and are logical connected but Option D talks about courage which is
totally different from what the passage is all about. Hence D is out of the context sentence. D is the odd sentence.
S4. Ans.(a)
Sol. The 3rd is an opener, as it lays the background for discussion on ‘sexism’ in the airlines industry. The 5th sentence
(this family support) refers to the gender neutral values enjoyed by Kohal. the 4th and 2nd sentences indicate the
instances of sexism prevalent in the airline industry. Hence CEDB are in logical order.
The 1st sentence mentions about the luxurious travel experience of customers, which is out of the context. This
paragraph talks about the sexism and option A is ODD SENTENCE.
S5. Ans.(b)
Sol. The 3rd sentence is a general observation about the ‘two Europes’, The 5th sentence puts France with the southern
part of Europe and talks about a common myth regarding the workload in the region. The 1st and 4th sentences
illustrate that it is far from true. The 2nd sentence raises a question which is out of the question about terrorism in
Asia. CEAD are in logical order and option B is ODD sentence.
S6. Ans.(a)
Sol. The 5th sentence mentions a ‘saying’ that dictated the author’s upbringing; as the paragraph is about hard work
and laziness, it’s a good opener. The 4th completes the description. The 3rd and 2nd sentences talk about the radical
change in the author’s point of view. The 1st sentence recalls a story which is to drive crazy any person who has never
been to abroad. So, EDCB are in logical order. Option A is out of the context.
S7. Ans.(a)
Sol. The 2nd is a general statement talks about the necessity of a leader and the 5thsentence mentions a reservation
expressed by the author; the 1st misrepresent the idea of ‘coercion’ (wrongly refers to ‘compelled’ in the
5th sentence). The 3rd sentence explains the drawbacks of using force; D is the concluding statement which correlates
with the strong word ‘scoundrel’ mentioned in the previous sentence. So, BECD are in logical order. Option A is
irrelevant according to the given passage.
S8. Ans.(c)
Sol. The 3rd sentence can’t be the opener, as it has to gel with the 5th sentence which can only come before it. The
4th sentence tries to justify an apparent failure of the democratic ideal and gives reasons behind it; In the
2nd sentence ‘in this respect’ refers to the stability of government mentioned in the 4th sentence; and the 1st sentence
completes the information. The 5th sentence lists another factor behind it appeal, and the 3rd sentence introduces
absolutely different and new idea in the paragraph which is irrelevant. So, DBAE are in logical order. Option C states
new idea which is absurd. Hence C is ODD sentence.
S9. Ans.(d)
Sol. The 5th sentence can’t be an opener as it can’t be followed by the 3rd sentence. The 3rd sentence lays down the
author’s abhorrence for the military system, the topic of discussion; the 5th sentence continues the strong views of the
author (despise means strong hatred); ‘He’ in the 1st sentence refers to ‘a man’ in the 5th sentence. 2ndsentence
completes the opinion given in the 1st sentence; and 4th is the inappropriate sentence because it suggests a different
idea. So, CEAB are in logical order. D is odd sentence in the given paragraph.
S10. Ans.(e)
Aspirants Notes
Sol. The 1st is the opener, a declarative statement followed by the 2nd sentence – ‘languid hours…on the shore’ and
the tone marker ‘alas’ relate to ‘must launch my boat’ in the 1st sentence. The 3rd and 4th talk about the waning of
the spring; the 5th sentence is irrelevant because of absurd idea. So, ABCD are in logical order. E is odd sentence.
S11. Ans.(e)
Sol. The 3rd is the opening element as it introduces the topic of reflection, which relates to the blooming of lotus. The
3rd and 2nd sentence are sequential as ‘the mind was straying’ leads to ‘the flower was unheeded’. As the basket
remains ‘empty’ (2ndsentence), the author feels sad and dreamy (1st sentence); ‘that vague sweetness’ in the
4th refers to ‘feeling a sweet fragrance’ in the 1st sentence; the 5th sentence introduces the irrelevant idea about
21st century school children which is bogus. So, CBAD are in logical order. Option E is odd sentence.
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. The 5th is the opening general statement that moots the discussion on the ‘quirky…’ in the midst of an epic. The
4th and 3rd illustrate the point with a frieze from a monument; The 2nd sentence gives additional information (most
tellingly), 1st is irrelevant sentence according to the passage. Hence, EDCB are in logical order. Option A is odd
sentence.
S13. Ans.(a)
Sol. The 2nd sentence serves as the opener as it is a general statement about the timelessness of the interpretation of
literary works. The 4th sentence supports the assertion made in the 2nd sentence. The 5th sentence talks about Gandhi
using pronoun ‘He’ followed by 3rd which uses the word ‘assimilation’ that refers to ‘read and re‐read’ in the previous
sentence. The 1st is irrelevant sentence according to the passage. So, BDEC are in logical order. Option A is odd
sentence.
S14. Ans.(e)
Sol. The 1st sentence sets the tone for discussion on the importance of incentives for the economists. The 2nd is the
extension of the remark and the 3rd sentence takes it forward with ‘the typical economist’ and their fixation with
problem solving. 4th takes the idea further and points out its limitations, and 5th is irrelevant sentence according to
the passage. So, ABCD are in logical order. Option E is odd sentence.
S15. Ans.(b)
Sol. The 5th sentence introduces the topic of discussion‐crime drop in the 90’s, hence the opener; The 3rd sentence
provides historical backdrop of the trend; The 1st statement talks about the impact of Norma McCorvey, The fifth
sentence justifies he comparison with the proverbial butterfly, as she ‘just wanted an abortion.’ The 2nd sentence
gives irrelevant information about the lady. So, ECAD are in logical order. Option B is odd sentence.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐15): In each question below, the word at the top of the question is used in four
different ways. Choose the option in which the usage of the word is INCORRECT or
INAPPROPRIATE.
Q1. ENTER
(a) He was assigned the task of entering the names of all eligible voters.
(b) She decided to enter her child into the best school in the neighborhood.
(c) His parents advised him to acquire an MBA before entering upon a career.
(d) When money is involved other considerations should not enter.
(e) All sentences are correct.
Q2. WITHDRAW
(a) The steno was asked to withdraw the offending words from the letter she typed.
(b) The college withdrew his academic credit after it was established that he had copied in the
test.
(c) The minister withdrew his name from the list of nominees.
(d) After the loss of her husband she had withdrawn farther and farther into herself.
Q3. DRAW
(a) People are afraid that the festival will draw undesirable elements to the town.
(b) The deposits are expected to draw interest close to 10 percent.
(c) The teacher drew the children into the room to see the pictures.
(d) To avoid confusion later, a list was drawn of all those who would attend the function.
Q4. STACK
(a) There were stacks of books on the bedside table and floor.
(b) The committee is stacked with members from energy‐producing states.
(c) She is continually stacked by headaches.
(d) The convict tried to stack the jury.
Q5. DEVOLVE
(a) His death devolved the end of an era in superlative cinematic techniques.
(b) The senator devolved the duties of office upon a group of aides.
(c) The estate devolved to an heir that everybody had assumed to be dead.
(d) After several hours the discussion had devolved into a shouting match.
Q6. DESIST
(a) Kindly desist from making so much noise.
(b) He desisted further efforts to dissuade them.
(c) Before the medical exam you must desist from food.
(d) During Ramadan, Muslims desist from smoking during the day.
Q7. DISSIPATE
(a) The wind finally dissipated the smoke.
(b) The industrious people from Gujarat are dissipated over the whole of India.
(c) The young sometimes seem to dissipate their energy in useless pursuits.
(d) The dark clouds which threatened rain finally dissipated.
Q8. EVINCE
(a) She evinced her approval by smiling.
(b) The man who was caught stealing did not evince any remorse.
Aspirants Notes
(c) The proposal evinced a storm of protest from the members.
(d) She did not evince the least surprise at seeing me there.
Q9. DECOY
(a) He acted as a decoy to draw the dogs’ attention away from the children.
(b) The policewoman acted as a decoy when the police were trying to catch the murderer.
(c) The bird‐trap was empty as he had caught a decoy, and he had to kill it.
(d) They used flares to decoy enemy missiles.
Q10. FEIGN
(a) She feigned illness to avoid going to the party.
(b) The politician feigned the attention of his listeners to non‐controversial issues.
(c) On the phone, he feigned his sister’s voice and said that he was not at home.
(d) She introduced me as her cousin, and everyone feigned to believe it.
Q11. INDICT
(a) They were indicted for conspiracy and spent a year in jail.
(b) In Bosnia, US troops have usually declined to take part in the arrest of indicted war
criminals.
(c) Last week, he was indicted by a grand jury.
(d) The critics have the right to praise or indict a literary work.
Q12. RAMBLE
(a) Where would American cinema be without the car ramble or the road movie?
(b) Avoid long rambling sentences, jargon or unexplained acronyms.
(c) We have tours to suit all levels of ability from a gentle ramble to a Himalayan expedition.
(d) The internet forum gives you an opportunity to ramble on a bit.
Q13. TRANSIT
(a) Electric cars are a nice idea, but they won’t work for mass transit or cargo.
(b) Passengers holding a direct airside transit visa will not be able to pass through immigration
control.
(c) The transit of the property into the parties’ joint names was irrelevant.
(d) Mumbai and Delhi are building the infrastructure for rapid transit systems.
Q14. PLACATE
(a) The regulations imposed in the West to placate environmental opposition to GM foods
effectively prevent the Third World from developing GM foods.
(b) The facts are incorrect and they have placated members of all political parties across the
country.
(c) However, his statement did little to placate the unions who say that even negotiations
cannot help in this matter.
(d) The government has a greater imperative to placate the farming lobby than protecting
wildlife because of its political leverage.
Q15. ABDICATE
(a) People have decided to ask the King to abdicate in favour of his son.
(b) We cannot abdicate the responsibility to deal with these acts in the correct manner.
(c) Our people have opted for democracy as a way of life from which we will not abdicate.
(d) People wonder whether computer programmes will abdicate the role of the human brain.
Aspirants Notes
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(b)
Sol. ‘to enter her child into the best school’ this phrase is incorrect in terms of usage. In all
other sentences, the usage of the word ‘enter’ is correct.
S2. Ans.(a)
Sol. ‘to withdraw the offending words from the letter she typed’ the use of the word ‘withdraw’
is incorrect in this sentence.
S3. Ans.(d)
Sol. In sentence D, the word ‘draw’ is incorrectly used.
S4. Ans.(c)
Sol. In sentence C, the use of the word STACK is inappropriate.
S5. Ans.(a)
Sol. DEVOLVE‐transfer or delegate (power) to a lower level, especially from central government
to local or regional administration.
pass into (a different state, especially a worse one); degenerate.
In sentence A, The word ‘DEVOLVE’ is incorrectly used. In other sentence, DEVOLVE is correctly
used.
S6. Ans.(b)
Sol. DESIST‐stop doing something; cease or abstain. In sentence B, the word DESIST is incorrectly
used.
S7. Ans.(b)
Sol. DISSIPATE‐(with reference to a feeling or emotion) disappear or cause to disappear. The
word DISSIPATE is incorrectly used in sentence B.
S8. Ans.(c)
Sol. EVINCE‐reveal the presence of (a quality or feeling); indicate. The word ‘’evince’ is
incorrectly used in option C.
S9. Ans.(c)
Sol. DECOY‐ lure or entice (a person or animal) away from their intended course, typically into a
trap. According to the meaning of the word ‘decoy’, the usage in sentence C is incorrect.
S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. FEIGN‐pretend to be affected by (a feeling, state, or injury). The word feign is incorrectly
used in the sentence B.
S11. Ans.(d)
Sol. INDICT‐formally accuse of or charge with a crime. The word ‘indict’ is incorrectly used in
option D.
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. RAMBLE‐talk or write at length in a confused or inconsequential way.
a walk taken for pleasure in the countryside. The word ‘ramble’ is incorrect in option A.
S13. Ans.(c)
Sol. TRANSIT‐the action of passing through or across a place.
the carrying of people or things from one place to another. The word ‘transit’ is incorrect in
sentence C.
S14. Ans.(b)
Sol. PLACATE‐make (someone) less angry or hostile. The word ‘placate’ is incorrect in sentence
B.
Aspirants Notes
S15. Ans.(d)
Sol. ABDICATE‐(of a monarch) renounce one's throne.
fail to fulfil or undertake (a responsibility or duty). ‘abdicate’ is incorrectly used in option D.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (1‐5): In each of the following questions, a word has been used in sentences in four different ways.
Choose the option corresponding to the sentence in which the usage of the word is INCORRECT or
INAPPROPRIATE.
Q1. Bark
(a) The street was noisy with the vendors barking their wares.
(b) The rhinoceros is famous for its very thick bark.
(c) You seem to be barking up the wrong tree in blaming your neighbour.
(d) The bark of the cinnamon tree is used as a spice.
(e) None of the Above is correct.
Q2. Cover
(a) It appears as if the ruling coalition is trying to cover the scandal.
(b The new book on the history of science covers a lot of ground.
(c) I am unwilling to cover for her in the meeting.
(d) The project was a cover for intelligence operations.
Q3. Inform
(a) The policy is based on the principles that inform bilateral relations.
(b) As an expert musician, he is well informed with the keyboard.
(c) Compassion for fellow beings informs all her novels.
(d) The Prime Minster was informed about the crisis in the party.
Q4. Give
(a) She gave birth last Thursday.
(b) The students gave the IBPS CLERK EXAM last Sunday.
(c) The professor freely gave of his time to the students.
(d) As the time passed, optimism gave place to worry.
Q5. Pass
(a) The throne passed to the king’s son.
(b) The court passed on the legality of the wiretapping.
(c) My experience of the Himalayas passed all expectations.
(d)He is not the one to pass an opportunity for promotion.
Directions (6‐15): In each of the following questions, a paragraph with a blank is given. From the five choices
given below, select the sentence which can go into the blank to make the paragraph logically coherent.
Q6. In the past, hosting a party meant ringing friends, organising food and drink and ensuring that the venue was in
order. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) There is the event manager who picks a theme and supplies the props, be it decorations, deejays,
dancers or appearances by movie stars. The final product is intended to be a cocktail of novelty, glamour and designer
brands that get noticed and mentioned.
(a) In India marriage is an ostentatious custom with greater spending power.
(b) Today, the New Age Indian party is a one‐night‐only small‐scale enterprise an event requiring specialised staff.
(c) Today it is parties that have become social statements and battlegrounds of one‐upmanship.
(d) But India wants to party today and party some more tomorrow.
(e) Throwing grand parties is fast becoming a status symbol.
Q7. The Indian government’s attempt to tap the clout and wealth of the hugely successful diaspora to boost the
domestic economy and serve the national interest in the international arena is laudable. But it has to give a value
proposition to the NRI community, lest it is more than happy in the cosy comforts that the west has to offer. The
diaspora's attitude towards India is still patronising but it may not simply run to help India in its hour of need. It would
want counter guarantees. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐)
(a) Risk evaluation precedes patriotism.
(b) China, due to its trade‐friendly policies, has been able to get its diaspora to invest heavily while we are still
lagging behind.
(c) What should concern us is the regular exodus of brilliant students from the IITs, IIMs and medical colleges who see
greener pastures overseas.
(d) It is shameful that for an Indian to be recognised, he first has to leave the country.
(e) Can we look up to the diaspora to help Indians in their hour of need?
Aspirants Notes
Q8. Jammu and Kashmir is faced with a possibility of another draught ‐ the fourth one in five years. The winter
continues to be dry in the Kashmir valley. There is no snow, despite temperatures dropping to a low of 6 degrees
Celsius. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) Thus poor snowfall ensures that the draught continues well into summer.
(a) Poor snow has kept skeins away this season.
(b) Environmentalists blame the weather change on deforestation and fear it could get worse if logging is not checked
(c) The drought will adversely impact agriculture, horticulture and power generation in the state.
(d) Heavy snowfall during the winter is always welcome as it guarantees more water during the summers.
(e) People of Jammu and Kashmir are gearing up for another severe draught and they themselves have to be blamed
for it.
Q9. Scientists say that intensely imagining doing something wires the areas of the brain that will be involved once you
get down to the same task. Such visualisation creates new connections which help during the real things. Whether in
work or in life, especially while making major decisions, it does help to imagine the doing and the outcome. The
same applies to one’s moods as well. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) So smile.
(a) Imagine intensely a good mood, especially when feeling low, and soon you most probably will be in good mood.
(b) A happy person may turn into a melancholy person overnight as a result of some experience.
(c) Moods and emotions spread irresistibly whenever people are near one another, even if they are total strangers.
(d) Research confirms that moods are contagious.
(e) Visualisation enhances a persons chance of attaining his goal.
Q10. Indians are passionate about cricket. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) Player’s safety is the BCCI's responsibility. Cricket should be
played as a sport which is a pleasant pastime.
(a) In sports, winning is secondary to participation.
(b) Unfortunately crowd behaviour is becoming increasingly unpredictable.
(c) A match is always disrupted by an unruly crowd.
(d) The Duckworth laws method should be used only when natural events play spoil sports.
(e) In sports, sportsmanship is fast becoming a rare commodity.
Q11. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) An engineering degree, even from an IIT, is not sufficient to get a job, without an MBA from
another reputed institute. In such a competitive economic scenario, only they succeed who present their and their
company’s case professionally. It is only natural, therefore for companies to choose those with an edge over others.
(a) Handling insecurity of not getting a job in a sluggish economy is a reality for an average 21 year old.
(b) Institutions of international repute like IIMs and IITs have not met their placement targets for the year.
(c) The IT industry has frozen recruitment for a long time.
(d) Projecting yourself positively to the market is very important as there is always a cut throat competition.
(e) The job situation in India has worsened so much that a single qualification is now insufficient for landing a job.
Q12. One of the most important things a child enjoys is playing. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) And toys are the best medium through
which a child can become aware of the different concepts of life and his surroundings. It helps them relieve their
tensions, frustrations and emotions, as toys are treated both as ‘companions’ and ‘confidants’.
(a) It is the essential joy of childhood where children learn about themselves their environment and the people around
them.
(b) For a child anything that attracts attention serves as a toy.
(c) Toys thus have an exciting role in helping children to become mature, confident and imaginative adults.
(d) Children bring boundless energy and imagination to their plays with toys.
(e) The best way to teach students is through a play way method.
Q13. Spirituality is the new buzzword with everyone from the glitterati to the common folk. But there is another
unlikely sphere that the new‐age attitude of ‘changing from within’ has seeped into the corporate world. Many
corporate houses are getting spiritual gurus to train their employees to be better people. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) Workshops on
spirituality help a person get in touch with his spiritual self, change his interpersonal skills drastically and help
manage stress better.
(a) With cut throat competition, high‐pressure jobs and deadlines to meet, employees need to learn how to manage
themselves well.
(b) When a person is trained in superficial skills, the heart of a person is not in the change.
(c) Earlier companies focused on IQ; then the focus shifted to EQ.
(d) Management workshops cannot bring about fundamental changes or total transformation in a person.
(e) In todays, world one needs to strike a balance between mechanization and spirituality
Q14. Diamonds used to be the rich girl's best friend. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) The latest designs cater to the image the modern urban
woman wants to project. They are advertised as ‘celebrating’ freedom of expression.
(a) The affordability of trendy diamond jewelry is probably the cutting edge over traditional gold jewelry.
(b) Now it is the girl‐next door’s best friend.
(c) There is a wide and exciting range of diamonds.
(d) While purchasing diamond jewelry, women look for exclusivity and are willing to pay more for it.
(e) Belgium is famous for diamonds and glass.
Q15. Life in India is cheap. Dozens die untimely deaths everyday because of road or rail accidents.
Aspirants Notes
Such deaths are good news for the media because they get their story of the day. And bad news of course for families
of the victims. (‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐) Loss of a life doesn‘t mean anything to us, unless it’s our life.
(a) Time was when ministers resigned, owning moral responsibility for an accident.
(b) Never in its history did the country witness so many rail accidents as it has in recent years.
(c) But for the rest of the millions and millions, such news is not news.
(d) By the time an enquiry is conducted to decide whether it’s sabotage or human error, the accident is forgotten.
(e) In India poverty rules the roost, and hence death comes easy.
Aspirants Notes
Solutions
S1. Ans.(b);
Sol. Sentence B can be corrected by using ‘skin’ instead of bark. In sentence A, ‘barking their wares’ means
advertising with persistent outcry. In sentence C, to bark up the wrong tree (idiom) to misdirect one’s efforts, or to
proceed under a misapprehension. In sentence D, bark is used as noun to refer to the outer covering of the tree stem.
S2. Ans.(a);
Sol. The sentence can be corrected by writing ‘cover up the scandal’ rather than cover the scandal. Sentence B means
‘includes a lot of information’. Sentence C means to substitute. Sentence D means a pretext.
S3. Ans.(b);
Sol. Sentence B will be corrected if instead of informed, acquainted is used. In sentence A, ‘inform’ is used with the
specific contextual meaning: to give character or essence to something. Sentence C also has a specific contextual
meaning of ‘inform’ which is: to be the characteristic quality of. In D, it has the common meaning ‘communicated
the knowledge of.’
S4. Ans.(b);
Sol. Students do not ‘give the IBPS CLERK EXAM’; they take the IBPS CLERK EXAM. (Take tests not give tests). In
sentence A, gave birth is correctly used to mean ‘to have a baby.’ In C, the idiom ‘give of’ means to make available
or provide generously. In D’ give place to’ means replace with or succeeded by.
S5. Ans.(d);
Sol. This sentence can be corrected by making it” … not the one to pass up an opportunity…” the idiom ‘pass up’
means to let go without accepting or taking advantage of. Sentence A means to go from the control of one to another.
Sentence C means exceed or surpass.
S6. Ans.(e)
Sol. Throwing grand parties is fast becoming a status symbol.
S7. Ans.(a)
Sol. Risk evaluation precedes patriotism.
S8. Ans.(d)
Sol. Heavy snowfall during the winter is always welcome as it guarantees more water during the summers.
S9. Ans.(a)
Sol. Imagine intensely a good mood, especially when feeling low, and soon you most probably will be in good mood.
S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. Unfortunately crowd behaviour is becoming increasingly unpredictable.
S11. Ans.(e)
Sol. The job situation in India has worsened so much that a single qualification is now insufficient for landing a job.
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. It is the essential joy of childhood where children learn about themselves their environment and the people around
them.
S13. Ans.(a)
Sol. With cut throat competition, high‐pressure jobs and deadlines to meet, employees need to learn how to manage
themselves well.
S14. Ans.(b)
Sol. Now it is the girl‐next door’s best friend.
S15. Ans.(c)
Sol. But for the rest of the millions and millions, such news is not news.
Aspirants Notes
Directions (Q.1‐10) Each of the reading comprehension questions is based on the content of a passage. After
reading the passage, answer all questions pertaining to it on the basis of what is stated or implied in the
passage. For each question, select the best answer of the choices given.
According to economic signaling theory, consumers may perceive the frequency with which an unfamiliar brand is
advertised as a cue that the brand is of high quality. The notion that highly advertised brands are associated with
high‐quality products does have some Empirical evidence. Marquardt and McGann found that heavily advertised
products did indeed rank high on certain measures of product quality. Because large advertising expenditures
represent a significant investment on the part of a manufacturer, only companies that expect to recoup these
costs in the long run, through consumers’ repeat purchases of the product, can afford to spend such
amounts. However, two studies by Kirmani have found that although consumers initially perceive expensive
advertising as a signal of high brand quality, at some level of spending the manufacturer’s advertising effort may be
perceived as unreasonably high, implying low manufacturer confidence in product quality. If consumers perceive
excessive advertising effort as a sign of a manufacturer’s desperation, the result may be less favorable brand
perceptions. In addition, the third study by Kirmani, of print advertisements, found that
the use of color affected consumer perception of brand quality. Because consumers recognize that color
advertisements are more expensive than black and white, the point at which repetition of an advertisement is
perceived as excessive comes sooner for a color advertisement than for a black‐and‐white advertisement.
1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the sentences written in bold and italics?
(A) To show that economic signaling theory fails to explain a finding
(B) To introduce a distinction not accounted for by economic signaling theory
(C) To account for an exception to a generalization suggested by Marquardt and McGann
(D) To explain why Marquardt and McGann’s research was conducted
(E) To offer an explanation for an observation reported by Marquardt and McGann
ANS‐ E
This statement provides an explanation of why highly advertised products did indeed rank high on certain measures of
product quality.
2. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) present findings that contradict one explanation for the effects of a particular advertising practice
(B) argue that theoretical explanations about the effects of a particular advertising practice are of limited value
without empirical evidence
(C) discuss how and why particular advertising practices may affect consumers’ perceptions
(D) contrast the research methods used in two different studies of a particular advertising practice
(E) explain why a finding of consumer responses to a particular advertising practice was unexpected
ANS‐ C
The passage shows how the frequency and the kind of advertising influence consumers’ perceptions about the quality
of the products advertised.
3. Kirmani’s research, as described in the passage, suggests which of the following regarding consumers’ expectations
about the quality of advertised products?
(A) Those expectations are likely to be highest if a manufacturer runs both black‐and‐white and color advertisements
for the same product.
(B) Those expectations can be shaped by the presence of color in an advertisement as well as by the frequency with
which an advertisement appears.
(C) Those expectations are usually high for frequently advertised new brands but not for
frequently advertised familiar brands.
(D) Those expectations are likely to be higher for products whose black‐and‐white advertisements are often repeated
than for those whose color advertisements are less often repeated.
(E) Those expectations are less definitively shaped by the manufacturer’s advertisements than by information that
consumers gather from other sources.
ANS‐ B
It can be inferred that consumers’ perceptions of product quality are influenced by the use of color in an
advertisement and by the frequency of the advertisement’s appearance.
4. Kirmani’s third study, as described in the passage, suggests which of the following conclusions about a black‐and‐
white advertisement?
(A) It can be repeated more frequently than a comparable color advertisement could before consumers begin to
suspect low manufacturer confidence in the quality of the advertised product.
(B) It will have the greatest impact on consumers’ perceptions of the quality of the advertised product if it appears
during periods when a color version of the same advertisement is also being used.
(C) It will attract more attention from readers of the print publication in which it appears if it is used only a few
times.
Aspirants Notes
(D) It may be perceived by some consumers as more expensive than a comparable color advertisement.
(E) It is likely to be perceived by consumers as a sign of higher manufacturer confidence in the quality of the
advertised product than a comparable color advertisement would be.
ANS‐ A
Consumers find color advertising excessive more quickly and thus can be expected to find black‐and‐white advertising
excessive less quickly.
5. The passage suggests that Kirmani would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about
consumers’ perceptions of the relationship between the frequency with which a product is advertised and the
product’s quality?
(A) Consumers’ perceptions about the frequency with which an advertisement appears are their
primary consideration when evaluating an advertisement’s claims about product quality.
(B) Because most consumers do not notice the frequency of advertisement, it has little impact
on most consumers’ expectations regarding product quality.
(C) Consumers perceive frequency of advertisement as a signal about product quality only when the advertisement is a
product that is newly on the market.
(D) The frequency of advertisement is not always perceived by consumers to indicate that manufacturers are highly
confident about their products’ quality.
(E) Consumers who try a new product that has been frequently advertised are likely to perceive the advertisement’s
frequency as having been an accurate indicator of the product’s quality.
ANS‐ D
Excessive advertising may lead consumers to believe that the manufacturer lacks confidence in the quality of the
product.
6. What does the phrase mean ‘Empirical Evidence’ as used in the given paragraph?
(A) It means to destroy the evidence
(B) It represents the utopian phenomenon
(C) Empirical evidence is information acquired by observation or experimentation.
(D) Empirical evidence is factual, concrete and data based information.
(E) None of these.
ANS‐ C
7. what does the word ‘Recoup’ meant in this paragraph?

(A) obsolete information
(B) lost in translation
(C) having acquired a lot of knowledge
(D) regain (money spent) through subsequent profits.
(E) None of these.
ANS‐ D
Directions (Q.8‐10): In each of the following questions, five options are given, of which one word is the most
nearly the same or opposite in meaning to the given word in the question. Find the correct option having
either same or opposite meaning.
8.PERILOUS
(A) Benign
(B) brazen
(C) bucolic
(D) treacherous
(E) reiterate
Ans‐ D
The words are Synonym.
PERILOUS ‐full of danger or risk.
treacherous ‐guilty of or involving betrayal or deception.
9. NASCENT
(A) deplete
(B) cavil
(C) gluttony
(D) initial
(E) whim
Ans‐ D
NASCENT ‐(especially of a process or organization) just coming into existence and beginning to display signs of future
potential.
Initial‐ is the Synonym for given word.
10. PROSCRIBE
(A) Allow
Aspirants Notes
(B) prone
(C) intrepid
(D)mural
(E) doleful
Ans‐ A
PROSCRIBE ‐forbid, especially by law.
‘Allow’ is the antonym for given word.

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Aspirants Notes

Q4. To know by parts is science, knowing the whole as a whole is philosophy.

Q2. Facilities in the village hospital are insufficient and outdated.

Q6. Electricity is the backbone of industrial development

Q7. Our country is rapidly becoming a consumer nation.

Q14. The earthquake rendered many people homeless.

Q6. Sleep Inducing

Q5. If I was you, then I would not do that.

Q6. A. Sometimes, we think we are only the people with problems.

Q9. A. At media agency Mindshare’s Mumbai office

Q11. A. The debasement of currencies, particularly US dollar, has given gold,

Q3. A. This must change.

Q10. A. They just go ahead and do it because it is part of their nature.

Q4. A. According to a 2010 study, fields of insect‐resistant GM corn have an “area‐wide

Q12. A. But the loss is not only theirs.

(a) There are several guides to take us round.

(a) We must help children to take the proper vaccine.

(a) Television gives a better chance of action.

(a) It is very cheap and affordable.

(a) Another source is the smoke emitted by vehicles.

(a) Politicians with integrity simply withdraw from the scene.

(a) It is impossible to have constant health.

(a) Perhaps they may learn and use human language.

(a) Gandhiji was a social reformer.

(a) There is a strong link between child disability and poverty.

Q2. A. He __________ many spine‐chilling anecdotes to us.

Q3. A. Can you please __________ the bell?

Q9. A. I do not __________ him as a brilliant performer.

Q10. A. The __________ accused in the murder, was sentenced to death.

Q12. A. I could finish my work __________ ahead of time.

Q3. A. Fear is a dreadful thing.

Q9. A. He has only been given his big brain by mistake.

Q10. A. I must launch out my boat.

Q14. A. Economists love incentives.

2. The primary purpose of the passage is to

7. what does the word ‘Recoup’ meant in this paragraph?

‘Allow’ is the antonym for given word.

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