Chapter 27 Profitability Analysis-1

CHAPTER 27 PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
Contents
1 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 2
2 Configuration ................................................................................................................. 4
2.1 Maintain operating concern............................................................................................ 4
2.2 Define profitability segment characteristics (Segment Level char) ................................. 7
2.3 Assign controlling area to operating concern ................................................................. 9
2.4 Define Number range for actual postings ....................................................................... 9
2.5 Maintain assignment of SD conditions to CO-PA value fields ...................................... 10
2.6 Maintain Direct posting from FI/MM ............................................................................. 10
2.7 Activate Profitability Analysis ....................................................................................... 13
3 Transactions Posting ................................................................................................... 14
3.1 Creation of sales order ................................................................................................ 14
3.2 Production receipt: ....................................................................................................... 15
3.3 Outbound Delivery ....................................................................................................... 17
3.4 Sales billing ................................................................................................................. 19
4 COPA Reporting .......................................................................................................... 20
4.1 Define forms for profitability reports ............................................................................. 20
4.2 Create Profitability Report ............................................................................................ 25
4.3 Execute Profitability Report.......................................................................................... 27
1 venkat.emani@yahoo.com
1 Overview
Profitability Analysis (CO-PA) enables you to evaluate market segments, which can be
classified according to products, customers, orders or any combination of these, or strategic
business units, such as sales organizations or business areas, with respect to your company's
profit or contribution margin.
The aim of the system is to provide your sales, marketing, product management and corporate
planning departments with information to support internal accounting and decision-making.
Two forms of Profitability Analysis are supported: costing-based and account-based.
Costing-based Profitability Analysis is the form of profitability analysis that groups costs
and revenues according to value fields and costing-based valuation approaches, both of
which you can define yourself. It guarantees you access at all times to a complete, short-
term profitability report.
Account-based Profitability Analysis is a form of profitability analysis organized in
accounts and using an account-based valuation approach. The distinguishing
characteristic of this form is its use of cost and revenue elements. It provides you with a
profitability report that is permanently reconciled with financial accounting.
You can also use both of these types of CO-PA simultaneously.
Flow of Values in CO-PA
Basic Concepts of CO-PA
Characteristics Values
REGION
Sales Region North
Product Prod1
Product Group Electronics .
Customer Cust1 RP
. G
Customer Grp Wholesale ST
State Illinois CU
Sales Rep Miller
PROD. GROUP
Profitability
Value Fields segment
Revenues 800
Revenue
Discounts 100
Discounts
COGS 650
COGS
SAP AG 1999
 The following questions are important in CO-PA:

 Characteristic
- Answers the following question: "What is the report to be about?"
- Examples: Divisions, regions, products, customers
 Characteristic value
- Answers the following question: "What values can these characteristics have?"
- Examples: the southern region, the northern region.
 Value field
- Answers the following question: "Which key figures do I want to monitor and analyze?"
- Examples: Gross sales, surcharges, discounts, cost-of-sales
 A profitability segment defines a specific value combination of all characteristics, which

corresponds to a market segment.
 A profitability segment is automatically generated as soon as it is addressed.
2 Configuration
2.1 Maintain operating concern

Via Menus
IMG  ControllingProfitability analysis Structures Define
operating concern Maintain operating concern
Via Transaction Code KEA0
Click on Ignore the warning message and press enter

Provide below details
Select
Click on
Select tab again
Select button
Select the required characteristics
Select
Select tab
Select Revenue and Cost of Goods Sold
Select
Click on
From the menu, select data structures save
From the menu, select data structure activate
Select back arrow
Select yes button for the message to generate the operating concern environment.
Ignore the message press Enter
Click on
Observe the Operating Concern status as below
2.2 Define profitability segment characteristics (Segment Level char)
Via Menus
IMG  ControllingProfitability analysis Structures  Define
profitability segment Characteristics(Segment Lvl Characteristics)
Via Transaction Code KEQ3
Provide Operating Concern: ABCE

Press Enter
For product and customer, select costing base and account base radio button
Click on
The following graphic provides an overview of the tables:
There is the table CE1xxxx for actual line items (where xxxx = operating concern), which
contains all the data at the most detailed level. Planned line items are stored in the table
CE2xxxx.
There is also the segment table CE4xxxx, which is located at a higher level. It is used to
assign segment numbers to each combination of characteristic values. For the first
summarization to be performed, at least the document number and the billing item are hidden.
The segment level CE3xxxx is set up between the segment table and the line items, thereby
making a time-based classification possible. Alongside value fields, the segment level also
contains the characteristics record type, planned/actual indicator, version, and period, as well as
some additional technical details. Several lines from the segment level are attached to a
particular profitability segment (that is, to a line in the segment table). These lines all have the
same segment number but relate to different posting periods.
Each line at the segment level adds together the value fields for a row of line items bearing the
same segment number and assigned to the appropriate posting period.
Example You have invoiced three documents for customer 0815. The first posting occurs in
March (posting period 003), and revenues of 100 DEM and 200 DEM are posted respectively for
the products ART1 and ART2. The second posting occurs in April. Revenues of 400 DEM and
800 DEM are posted respectively for the products ART1 and ART3. The third posting also
occurs in April. Revenues of 1600 DEM and 3200 DEM are posted respectively for the products
ART1 and ART3. When the line items are posted, the segment table and segment level are
updated, producing the following table contents:
2.3 Assign controlling area to operating concern
Via Menus
IMG  Enterprise structure AssignmentControlling  Assign
controlling area to operating Concern
Via Transaction Code KEKK
Provide operating concern against your controlling area
Click on
2.4 Define Number range for actual postings

Via Menus
IMG  ControllingProfitability analysis  Flows of actual values 
Initial steps Define Number ranges for actual postings
Via Transaction Code KEN1
Click on
Select generated groups check box
From the menu select interval maintain
Click on
Click on and Click on
2.5 Maintain assignment of SD conditions to CO-PA value fields

Via Menus
Transfer of billing documents  Assign value fields
Via Transaction Code KE4I
Double click on maintain assignment of SD conditions to CO-PA value fields

Select new entries button
Click on
2.6 Maintain Direct posting from FI/MM

Via Menus
Maintain PA transfer structure for direct postings
Via Transaction Code KEI2
Select structure FI (Financial accounting  COPA)
Double click assignment lines folder
Double click assignment lines folder

Give the controlling area:1001 and press Enter
Select assignment: 20 (Direct revenues from FI)

Double click on source folder and provide below details
Double click on value fields folder

Select new entries button and provide below details
Click on
Double click on assignment lines folder

Assignment select: 10 Direct cost from FI
Double click on source folder
Double click on value fields folder

Click on
2.7 Activate Profitability Analysis

Via Menus
Activate Profitability Analysis
Via Transaction Code KEKE
Select 4 under active status
Click on
3 Transactions Posting
3.1 Creation of sales order
Via Menus
LogisticsSales and DistributionSalesOrderCreate
Via Transaction Code VA01
Press Enter
Select item: 10
From the menu, select Go to ItemConditions
Select shipping tab
From the menu, select Edit incompletion log
System message
Click on
System message
3.2 Production receipt:

Via Menus
Logistics Materials Management Inventory management Goods
movement Goods -receipt Other
Via Transaction Code MB1C
There are two types of production receipt.

1. Production receipt without production order (Movement Type:521)
2. Production receipt with production order (Movement Type:101)
Press Enter
Click on
Ignore the warning message press enter.
Message
From menu, select Other Goods receipt DisplayClick on Accounting Document
3.3 Outbound Delivery

Via Menus
LogisticsSales & Distribution Sales Order Subsequent
functions Outbound delivery
Via Transaction Code VL01N
Press Enter
Go to Picking tab and give
Select button
From the menu, select outbound delivery Display
Press Enter
Click on
Place the cursor on goods issue delivery document

Click on
Click on and
3.4 Sales billing
Via Menus
LogisticsSales & Distribution Sales Order  sub sequent
functions Billing document
Via Transaction Code VF01
Click on
Click on
Message
From the menu, select Billing documentDisplay
Press Enter
Click on
Double click on
4 COPA Reporting
Report to view customer wise/product wise /Sales organization wise /plant wise
profitability
4.1 Define forms for profitability reports

Via Menus
IMGControllingProfitability analysisInformation systemReport
componentsDefine formsDefine forms for profitability reports
Via Transaction Code KE34
Double click on creation Form and provide below details
Select button
Select operating concern currency radio button
Press Enter
Double click on row 1

Select radio button
Press Enter
Select Value field VV010 - Revenue
Select button

Select radio button
Press Enter
Select Value field VV140 - Cost of goods sold
Select button

Select radio button
Press Enter
Click on Y001 Revenue

Click on minus button
Click on Y002 cost of goods sold
Press Enter update text fields
Press Enter
Double click on column 1

Select radio button
Press Enter
Select plant /Actual indicator for available characteristics
Select left arrow
Select button
Click on
From the menu select Edit-General data selection

Once again general data selection
From the available characteristics column, select record type, period /year
Select
Select button
From the menu select ExtrasVariablesVariable definition
Press Enter
Click on
4.2 Create Profitability Report

Via Menus
IMGControllingProfitability analysisInformation systemCreate
profitability report
Double click on crate profitability report and update below details
Select button
Select operating concert currency radio button

From the characteristics list: Select customer /plant /product, Sales organization
Select
Select tab
Click on Ignore the message press enter
4.3 Execute Profitability Report
Via Menus
AccountingControllingProfitability analysisInformation
systemExecute Report
Click on
Click on Ignore the message select press enter
To view product wise profitability from the menu selects navigate-with drill down
Double click on product and similarly Sales Organization

Chapter 27 Profitability Analysis-1

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Chapter 27 Profitability Analysis-1

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

CHAPTER 27 PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS

Two forms of Profitability Analysis are supported: costing-based and account-based.

You can also use both of these types of CO-PA simultaneously.

Flow of Values in CO-PA

Basic Concepts of CO-PA

 The following questions are important in CO-PA:

 A profitability segment defines a specific value combination of all characteristics, which

2.1 Maintain operating concern

Click on Ignore the warning message and press enter

Select the required characteristics

Select Revenue and Cost of Goods Sold

Provide Operating Concern: ABCE

The following graphic provides an overview of the tables:

2.4 Define Number range for actual postings

Click on and Click on

2.5 Maintain assignment of SD conditions to CO-PA value fields

Double click on maintain assignment of SD conditions to CO-PA value fields

2.6 Maintain Direct posting from FI/MM

Double click assignment lines folder

Select assignment: 20 (Direct revenues from FI)

Double click on value fields folder

Double click on assignment lines folder

Double click on source folder

Double click on value fields folder

2.7 Activate Profitability Analysis

3.2 Production receipt:

There are two types of production receipt.

3.3 Outbound Delivery

From the menu, select outbound delivery Display

Place the cursor on goods issue delivery document

From the menu, select Billing documentDisplay

4.1 Define forms for profitability reports

Double click on creation Form and provide below details

Select operating concern currency radio button

Double click on row 1

Double click on row 2

Select Value field VV140 - Cost of goods sold

Double click on row 3

Click on Y001 Revenue

Press Enter update text fields

Double click on column 1

From the menu select Edit-General data selection

From the menu select ExtrasVariablesVariable definition

4.2 Create Profitability Report

Double click on crate profitability report and update below details

Select operating concert currency radio button

Click on Ignore the message press enter

Click on Ignore the message select press enter

Вам также может понравиться