6

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1. Sampling units are the:

A. target population elements available for selection during the sampling process.
B. identifiable groups of elements of interest to the researcher and pertinent to the information problem.
C. complete set of elements identified for investigation.
D. list of all population elements from which to draw a sample.
E. number of units accidentally left out of the sampling frame.
2. Spectrum Inc., an automobile manufacturer, is interested in determining the satisfaction of the users
of one of its brands, Credence. Instead of sampling the entire population of car owners, Spectrum Inc.
samples those who owned a Credence. Spectrum is drawing its sample from a:
A. sampling unit.
B. defined target population.
C. designated sampling population.
D. subset relevant population.
E. full-set relevant population.
3. Jamie Nelson works for a telephone company. She is interested in determining the satisfaction of people
with the service provided by the company (for landline customers only). She decides to draw her sample
from the telephone directory. For Jamie's research, the telephone directory is serving as a(n):
A. sampling unit.
B. element chart.
C. sampling frame.
D. element.
E. census.
4. The difference between probability sampling and nonprobability sampling is that in nonprobability
sampling:
A. each sampling unit in the defined target population has a known probability of being selected for the
sample.
B. observed differences in sample findings can be partially attributed to the existence of sampling errors.
C. the results can be generalized to the target population within a specified margin of error.
D. the researcher is able to judge the reliability and validity of data collected by calculating the
probability.
E. sampling error is not known.
5. _____ sampling is a probability sampling procedure in which every sampling unit has a known and equal
chance of being selected.
A. Judgment
B. Quota
C. Cluster
D. Simple random
E. Convenience
6. Which one of the following is a nonprobability sample method?
A. Simple random sampling
B. Cluster sampling
C. Snowball sampling
D. Area sampling
E. Stratified random sampling
7. Which of the following is true of simple random sampling?
A. It produces unbiased estimates of the target population's characteristics.
B. It has the benefit of obtaining a complete and accurate listing of the target population elements.
C. It is less costly when compared to systematic random sampling because it can be done quickly.
D It requires that the defined target population be ordered in some way, usually in the form of a customer
. list, taxpayer roll, or membership roster.
E.Unlike systematic random sampling, it does not require the sampling units to be given any special code
prior to drawing the sample.
8. The difference between simple random sampling and systematic random sampling is that systematic
random sampling:
A. is attributable to mistakes in either drawing a sample or determining the sample size.
B. requires that the defined target population be ordered in some way.
C. is a nonprobability sampling procedure.
D. has a known and equal chance of being selected.
E. is based on intuitive judgment or researcher knowledge.
9. In a systematic sampling study, if the sampling frame has 1,500 names and the desired sample size is 50,
the "skip interval" should be:
A. 25.
B. 0.03.
C. 50.
D. 30.
E. 15.
10. Which of the following is true of proportionately stratified sampling?
A. Each stratum is dependent on its size relative to the defined target population.
B It is used when stratification of the target population produces sample sizes for subgroups that differ
. from their relative importance to the study.
C. The size of each stratum is independent of its relative size in the population.
D. The smaller strata are sampled more heavily because they make up a larger percentage of the target
population.
E. Sampling units are divided into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subpopulations called
clusters.
11. Before polling students in the School of Business, the researcher divides all the current students into
groups based on their class standing (freshman, sophomores, etc.). Then, she randomly draws a sample of
50 students from each of these groups to create a representative sample of the entire student body in the
school. Which of the following sampling methods is the researcher practicing?
A. Simple random sampling
B. Systematic random sampling
C. Stratified random sampling
D. Cluster sampling
E. Snowball sampling
12. The difference between stratified random sampling and cluster sampling is that in cluster sampling:
A.the researcher must be able to secure a complete listing of the potential sampling units that make up the
defined target population.
B. a large number of respondents is interviewed in a relatively short time.
C. representativeness of the sample cannot be measured because sampling error estimates cannot be
calculated.
D. the sampling units are divided into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subpopulations.
E. the target population is separated into different groups.
13. Which of the following is true of cluster sampling?
A. Each cluster is assumed to be representative of the homogeneity of the target population.
B. The prospective sampling units are selected for the sample using systematic random sampling.
C. Area sampling is a form of cluster sampling.
D. In practice, cluster sampling is difficult to implement.
E. Cluster sampling requires a substantially large budget.
14. Which of the following is true of convenience sampling?
A. Using convenience samples to develop constructs and scales can be risky.
B. It is a time-consuming process when there are a large number of respondents.
C. It is commonly used in the later stages of research.
D. The representativeness of the sample can be measured because sampling error estimates are not
calculated.
E. It is commonly used to generalize results to the target population.
15. A college professor wants to know if students in U.S. colleges will find the new textbook that he has
written to be useful and interesting. He decides to sample all marketing majors at the school he teaches.
He believes that this group of students will be representative of the U.S. college student population. His
method of sampling is most probably:
A. census sampling.
B. convenience sampling.
C. judgment sampling.
D. quota sampling.
E. cluster sampling.
16. A researcher does not have the resources or time to do a probability sample. She wants to do a
convenience sample, but she also wants to make sure that all ethnicities are fairly represented in her
sample. What kind of sampling would you recommend to her?
A. Judgment sampling
B. Quota sampling
C. Stratified sampling
D. Cluster sampling
E. Census sampling
17. Which method of sampling relies on the assumption that rare groups of people tend to form their own
unique social circles?
A. Judgment sampling
B. Quota sampling
C. Cluster sampling
D. Snowball sampling
E. Convenience sampling
18. When a market researcher asks if a project will be international, national, or regional in nature, the
researcher is trying to determine:
A. time frame requirements.
B. degree of accuracy.
C. scope of the research.
D. availability of resources.
E. research objectives.
19. Which of the following is true of probability sample sizes?
A. The more precise the required sample results, the larger the sample size.
B. The larger the desired error, the larger the sample size.
C. The shorter the variability in the data being estimated, the larger the sample size needed.
D. The lower the level of confidence desired, the larger the sample size needed.
E The population standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion of the population and its square root is
. referred to as the population variance.
20. If the estimated population standard deviation based on previous studies is 20 percent, and the acceptable
error is plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of confidence is 1.96, the needed
sample size is approximately:
A. 48.
B. 210.
C. 62.
D. 153.
E. 196.
21. If the estimated population proportion is 30 percent based on previous studies, and the acceptable error is
plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of confidence is 1.96, the needed sample
size is approximately:
A. 323.
B. 187.
C. 36.
D. 212.
E. 554.
22. If the estimate of expected population proportion having a desired characteristic based on intuition is
60 percent and the acceptable error is plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of
confidence is 1.96, the needed sample size is approximately:
A. 187.
B. 368.
C. 295.
D. 196.
E. 950.
23. For a given level of precision and confidence level, a researcher determines that he needs a sample size of
400. The study was to find out that the proportion of people who smoke is 30 percent. For the same level
of precision and confidence, he would have needed the same sample size if the proportion of those who
smoked were to change to:
A. 40 percent.
B. 50 percent.
C. 60 percent.
D. 70 percent.
E. 100 percent.
24. Which of the following statements is true of sample size formulas for nonprobability samples?
A. The sample size formula must be adjusted for confidence level before it can be used for nonprobability
samples.
B. The sample size formula must be adjusted for error tolerance before it can be used for nonprobability
samples.
C. The sample size formula must be adjusted for population variance before it can be used for
nonprobability samples.
D The sample size formula must be adjusted for confidence level and error tolerance before it can be used
. for nonprobability samples.
E. Sample size formulas cannot be used for nonprobability samples.
25. In which stage of the sampling plan will random-digit dialing probably be considered?
A. Selecting the data collection method
B. Defining the target population
C. Selecting the appropriate sampling method
D. Creating an operating plan for selecting sampling units
E. Identifying the sampling frame
26. Conducting a census is less time-consuming and less costly than sampling.
True False
27. A population is an identifiable group of elements of interest to the researcher and pertinent to the
information problem.
True False
28. A voters list is a common source of a sampling frame.
True False
29. The central limit theorem (CLT) is the theoretical backbone of survey research.
True False
30. A benefit associated with detecting sampling error is that it can be determined before the sample is drawn
and data collection is completed.
True False
31. Nonsampling errors reduce the overall quality of the data regardless of the data collection method.
True False
32. Sampling errors are related to the accuracy of data whereas nonsampling errors relate to the
representativeness of the sample to the defined target population.
True False
33. Systematic random sampling works better than simple random sampling especially in those situations
where there might be a hidden pattern in population.
True False
34. Simple random sampling succeeds in obtaining a complete and accurate listing of the target population
elements.
True False
35. When executed properly, systematic random sampling creates a sample of objects or prospective
respondents that is very similar in quality to a sample drawn using simple random sampling.
True False
36. The skip interval in systematic random sampling is computed by dividing the number of potential
sampling units on the list by the desired sample size.
True False
37. The primary difficulty encountered with stratified sampling is determining the basis for stratifying.
True False
38. Cluster sampling is an example of a nonprobability sampling method.
True False
39. In cluster sampling, each cluster is assumed to be representative of the heterogeneity of the target
population.
True False
40. Any geographical unit with identifiable boundaries can be used in area sampling.
True False
41. Referral sampling involves identifying a set of respondents who can help the researcher identify
additional people to include in the study.
True False
42. Since quota sampling is a nonprobability sampling method, the representativeness of the sample can be
measured.
True False
43. Snowball sampling prohibits bias to enter the study.
True False
44. The lesser the variability in the data being estimated, the larger the sample size needed.
True False
45. In any sampling plan, the first task of the researcher is to choose a method of data collection.
True False
46. List some of the steps a researcher can conduct once he understands the basics of the central limit
theorem.

47. Distinguish between sampling error and nonsampling error.

48. List the advantages and disadvantages of simple random sampling.

49. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of quota sampling.

50. List the steps to be followed in developing a sampling plan.

 6 Key
1. Sampling units are the:
(p. 137) A. target population elements available for selection during the sampling process.
B. identifiable groups of elements of interest to the researcher and pertinent to the information
problem.
C. complete set of elements identified for investigation.
D. list of all population elements from which to draw a sample.
E. number of units accidentally left out of the sampling frame.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #1
2. Spectrum Inc., an automobile manufacturer, is interested in determining the satisfaction of the users
(p. 137) of one of its brands, Credence. Instead of sampling the entire population of car owners, Spectrum Inc.
samples those who owned a Credence. Spectrum is drawing its sample from a:
A. sampling unit.
B. defined target population.
C. designated sampling population.
D. subset relevant population.
E. full-set relevant population.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #2
3. Jamie Nelson works for a telephone company. She is interested in determining the satisfaction of
(p. 138) people with the service provided by the company (for landline customers only). She decides to draw
her sample from the telephone directory. For Jamie's research, the telephone directory is serving as
a(n):
A. sampling unit.
B. element chart.
C. sampling frame.
D. element.
E. census.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #3
4. The difference between probability sampling and nonprobability sampling is that in nonprobability
(p. 140) sampling:
A. each sampling unit in the defined target population has a known probability of being selected for
the sample.
B. observed differences in sample findings can be partially attributed to the existence of sampling
errors.
C. the results can be generalized to the target population within a specified margin of error.
D. the researcher is able to judge the reliability and validity of data collected by calculating the
probability.
E. sampling error is not known.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #4
5. _____ sampling is a probability sampling procedure in which every sampling unit has a known and
(p. 140) equal chance of being selected.
A. Judgment
B. Quota
C. Cluster
D. Simple random
E. Convenience
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #5
6. Which one of the following is a nonprobability sample method?
(p. 140) A. Simple random sampling
B. Cluster sampling
C. Snowball sampling
D. Area sampling
E. Stratified random sampling
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #6
7. Which of the following is true of simple random sampling?
(p. 141) A. It produces unbiased estimates of the target population's characteristics.
B. It has the benefit of obtaining a complete and accurate listing of the target population elements.
C. It is less costly when compared to systematic random sampling because it can be done quickly.
D It requires that the defined target population be ordered in some way, usually in the form of a
. customer list, taxpayer roll, or membership roster.
E. Unlike systematic random sampling, it does not require the sampling units to be given any special
code prior to drawing the sample.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #7
8. The difference between simple random sampling and systematic random sampling is that systematic
(p. 141) random sampling:
A. is attributable to mistakes in either drawing a sample or determining the sample size.
B. requires that the defined target population be ordered in some way.
C. is a nonprobability sampling procedure.
D. has a known and equal chance of being selected.
E. is based on intuitive judgment or researcher knowledge.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #8
9. In a systematic sampling study, if the sampling frame has 1,500 names and the desired sample size is
(p. 141) 50, the "skip interval" should be:
A. 25.
B. 0.03.
C. 50.
D. 30.
E. 15.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #9
10. Which of the following is true of proportionately stratified sampling?
(p. 143) A. Each stratum is dependent on its size relative to the defined target population.
B It is used when stratification of the target population produces sample sizes for subgroups that differ
. from their relative importance to the study.
C. The size of each stratum is independent of its relative size in the population.
D. The smaller strata are sampled more heavily because they make up a larger percentage of the target
population.
E. Sampling units are divided into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subpopulations
called clusters.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #10
11. Before polling students in the School of Business, the researcher divides all the current students
(p. 143) into groups based on their class standing (freshman, sophomores, etc.). Then, she randomly draws a
sample of 50 students from each of these groups to create a representative sample of the entire student
body in the school. Which of the following sampling methods is the researcher practicing?
A. Simple random sampling
B. Systematic random sampling
C. Stratified random sampling
D. Cluster sampling
E. Snowball sampling
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #11
12. The difference between stratified random sampling and cluster sampling is that in cluster
(p. 143) sampling:
A.the researcher must be able to secure a complete listing of the potential sampling units that make up
the defined target population.
B. a large number of respondents is interviewed in a relatively short time.
C. representativeness of the sample cannot be measured because sampling error estimates cannot be
calculated.
D. the sampling units are divided into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subpopulations.
E. the target population is separated into different groups.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #12
13. Which of the following is true of cluster sampling?
(p. 144) A. Each cluster is assumed to be representative of the homogeneity of the target population.
B. The prospective sampling units are selected for the sample using systematic random sampling.
C. Area sampling is a form of cluster sampling.
D. In practice, cluster sampling is difficult to implement.
E. Cluster sampling requires a substantially large budget.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #13
14. Which of the following is true of convenience sampling?
(p. 145) A. Using convenience samples to develop constructs and scales can be risky.
B. It is a time-consuming process when there are a large number of respondents.
C. It is commonly used in the later stages of research.
D. The representativeness of the sample can be measured because sampling error estimates are not
calculated.
E. It is commonly used to generalize results to the target population.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #14
15. A college professor wants to know if students in U.S. colleges will find the new textbook that he
(p. 145) has written to be useful and interesting. He decides to sample all marketing majors at the school he
teaches. He believes that this group of students will be representative of the U.S. college student
population. His method of sampling is most probably:
A. census sampling.
B. convenience sampling.
C. judgment sampling.
D. quota sampling.
E. cluster sampling.
Difficulty: Hard
Hair - Chapter 06 #15
16. A researcher does not have the resources or time to do a probability sample. She wants to do a
(p. 146) convenience sample, but she also wants to make sure that all ethnicities are fairly represented in her
sample. What kind of sampling would you recommend to her?
A. Judgment sampling
B. Quota sampling
C. Stratified sampling
D. Cluster sampling
E. Census sampling
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #16
17. Which method of sampling relies on the assumption that rare groups of people tend to form their own
(p. 146) unique social circles?
A. Judgment sampling
B. Quota sampling
C. Cluster sampling
D. Snowball sampling
E. Convenience sampling
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #17
18. When a market researcher asks if a project will be international, national, or regional in nature, the
(p. 147) researcher is trying to determine:
A. time frame requirements.
B. degree of accuracy.
C. scope of the research.
D. availability of resources.
E. research objectives.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #18
19. Which of the following is true of probability sample sizes?
(p. 147) A. The more precise the required sample results, the larger the sample size.
B. The larger the desired error, the larger the sample size.
C. The shorter the variability in the data being estimated, the larger the sample size needed.
D. The lower the level of confidence desired, the larger the sample size needed.
E. The population standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion of the population and its square
root is referred to as the population variance.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #19
20. If the estimated population standard deviation based on previous studies is 20 percent, and the
(p. 148) acceptable error is plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of confidence is
1.96, the needed sample size is approximately:
A. 48.
B. 210.
C. 62.
D. 153.
E. 196.
Difficulty: Hard
Hair - Chapter 06 #20
21. If the estimated population proportion is 30 percent based on previous studies, and the acceptable
(p. 148) error is plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of confidence is 1.96, the
needed sample size is approximately:
A. 323.
B. 187.
C. 36.
D. 212.
E. 554.
Difficulty: Hard
Hair - Chapter 06 #21
22. If the estimate of expected population proportion having a desired characteristic based on intuition is
(p. 148) 60 percent and the acceptable error is plus or minus 5 percent, and the z-value for a 95 percent level of
confidence is 1.96, the needed sample size is approximately:
A. 187.
B. 368.
C. 295.
D. 196.
E. 950.
Difficulty: Hard
Hair - Chapter 06 #22
23. For a given level of precision and confidence level, a researcher determines that he needs a sample
(p. 148) size of 400. The study was to find out that the proportion of people who smoke is 30 percent. For the
same level of precision and confidence, he would have needed the same sample size if the proportion
of those who smoked were to change to:
A. 40 percent.
B. 50 percent.
C. 60 percent.
D. 70 percent.
E. 100 percent.
Difficulty: Hard
Hair - Chapter 06 #23
24. Which of the following statements is true of sample size formulas for nonprobability samples?
(p. 149) A. The sample size formula must be adjusted for confidence level before it can be used for
nonprobability samples.
B. The sample size formula must be adjusted for error tolerance before it can be used for
nonprobability samples.
C. The sample size formula must be adjusted for population variance before it can be used for
nonprobability samples.
D.The sample size formula must be adjusted for confidence level and error tolerance before it can be
used for nonprobability samples.
E. Sample size formulas cannot be used for nonprobability samples.
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #24
25. In which stage of the sampling plan will random-digit dialing probably be considered?
(p. 151) A. Selecting the data collection method
B. Defining the target population
C. Selecting the appropriate sampling method
D. Creating an operating plan for selecting sampling units
E. Identifying the sampling frame
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #25
26. Conducting a census is less time-consuming and less costly than sampling.
(p. 136) FALSE
Difficulty: Easy
Hair - Chapter 06 #26
27. A population is an identifiable group of elements of interest to the researcher and pertinent to the
(p. 137) information problem.
TRUE
Difficulty: Easy
Hair - Chapter 06 #27
28. A voters list is a common source of a sampling frame.
(p. 138) TRUE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #28
29. The central limit theorem (CLT) is the theoretical backbone of survey research.
(p. 138) TRUE
Difficulty: Easy
Hair - Chapter 06 #29
30. A benefit associated with detecting sampling error is that it can be determined before the sample is
(p. 139) drawn and data collection is completed.
FALSE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #30
31. Nonsampling errors reduce the overall quality of the data regardless of the data collection method.
(p. 140) TRUE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #31
32. Sampling errors are related to the accuracy of data whereas nonsampling errors relate to the
(p. 140) representativeness of the sample to the defined target population.
FALSE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #32
33. Systematic random sampling works better than simple random sampling especially in those situations
(p. 141) where there might be a hidden pattern in population.
FALSE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #33
34. Simple random sampling succeeds in obtaining a complete and accurate listing of the target
(p. 141) population elements.
FALSE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #34
35. When executed properly, systematic random sampling creates a sample of objects or prospective
(p. 141) respondents that is very similar in quality to a sample drawn using simple random sampling.
TRUE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #35
36. The skip interval in systematic random sampling is computed by dividing the number of potential
(p. 141) sampling units on the list by the desired sample size.
TRUE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #36
37. The primary difficulty encountered with stratified sampling is determining the basis for
(p. 143) stratifying.
TRUE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #37
38. Cluster sampling is an example of a nonprobability sampling method.
(p. 143) FALSE
Difficulty: Easy
Hair - Chapter 06 #38
39. In cluster sampling, each cluster is assumed to be representative of the heterogeneity of the target
(p. 143) population.
TRUE
Difficulty: Easy
Hair - Chapter 06 #39
40. Any geographical unit with identifiable boundaries can be used in area sampling.
(p. 144) TRUE
Difficulty: Easy
Hair - Chapter 06 #40
41. Referral sampling involves identifying a set of respondents who can help the researcher identify
(p. 146) additional people to include in the study.
TRUE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #41
42. Since quota sampling is a nonprobability sampling method, the representativeness of the sample can
(p. 146) be measured.
FALSE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #42
43. Snowball sampling prohibits bias to enter the study.
(p. 146) FALSE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #43
44. The lesser the variability in the data being estimated, the larger the sample size needed.
(p. 147) FALSE
Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #44
45. In any sampling plan, the first task of the researcher is to choose a method of data collection.
(p. 151) FALSE
Difficulty: Easy
Hair - Chapter 06 #45
46. List some of the steps a researcher can conduct once he understands the basics of the central limit
(p. 139) theorem.

With an understanding of the basics of the central limit theorem, the researcher can do the following:

1. Draw representative samples from any target population.

2. Obtain sample statistics from a random sample that serve as accurate estimates of the target
population's parameters.
3. Draw one random sample, instead of many, reducing the costs of data collection.
4. More accurately assess the reliability and validity of constructs and scale measurements.
5. Statistically analyze data and transform it into meaningful information about the target population.

Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #46
47. Distinguish between sampling error and nonsampling error.
(p. 139-
140)
Sampling error is any bias that results from mistakes in either the selection process for prospective
sampling units or in determining the sample size. Moreover, random sampling error tends to occur
because of chance variations in the selection of sampling units. Even if the sampling units are properly
selected, those units still might not be a perfect representation of the defined target population, but
they generally are reliable estimates.
Nonsampling error occurs regardless of whether a sample or a census is used. These errors can occur
at any stage of the research process. In general, the more extensive a study, the greater the potential
for nonsampling errors. Unlike sampling error, there are no statistical procedures to assess the impact
of nonsampling errors on the quality of the data collected. Nonsampling errors usually are related to
the accuracy of the data, whereas sampling errors relate to the representativeness of the sample to the
defined target population.

Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #47
48. List the advantages and disadvantages of simple random sampling.
(p. 141)

Simple random sampling has several advantages. The technique is easily understood and the survey's
results can be generalized to the defined target population with a prespecified margin of error.
Another advantage is that simple random samples produce unbiased estimates of the population's
characteristics. This method guarantees that every sampling unit has a known and equal chance
of being selected, no matter the actual size of the sample, resulting in a valid representation of the
defined target population.

Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #48
49. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of quota sampling.
(p. 146)

The greatest advantage of quota sampling is that the sample generated contains specific subgroups
in proportions desired by the researcher. Use of quotas ensures that the appropriate subgroups are
identified and included in the survey. Also, quota sampling reduces selection bias by field workers.
An inherent limitation of quota sampling is that the success of the study is dependent on subjective
decisions made by researchers. Since it is a nonprobability sampling method, the representativeness of
the sample cannot be measured. Therefore, generalizing the results beyond the sampled respondents is
questionable.

Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #49
50. List the steps to be followed in developing a sampling plan.
(p. 151)

Step 1: Define the target population.

Step 2: Select the data collection method.
Step 3: Identify the sampling frames needed.
Step 4: Select the appropriate sampling method.
Step 5: Determine necessary sample sizes and overall contact rates.
Step 6: Create an operating plan for selecting sampling units.
Step 7: Execute the operational plan.

Difficulty: Medium
Hair - Chapter 06 #50
 6 Summary
Category # of Questions
Difficulty: Easy 7
Difficulty: Hard 5
Difficulty: Medium 38
Hair - Chapter 06 50