SA 18 19 XII XII Physics Unit-4 Section-A

Electromagnetism UNIT 4
Section - A : Straight Objective Type

1. Answer (3)
Electrostatic potential at every point on metal body is same (but not necessarily zero) in electrostatic conditions.
2. Answer (4)
Although charges are induced on the surface of iron ball, net charge enclosed by the closed surface is q
q
By Gauss’s law, flux =
0
2a. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2018]
C
B
A +
–
+
a
⎡ 4a2 4b 2 4c 2 ⎤

VB  ⎢   ⎥
⎣⎢ 40 b 40 b 40 c ⎦⎥
 ⎡ a2  b2 ⎤
VB  ⎢  c⎥
0 ⎢⎣ b ⎥⎦
3. Answer (1)
Dipole moments of the dipoles can be resolved as shown in diagram-1. Field due to these resolved dipole
moments is shown in diagram-2. From the diagram-2, field components in y direction cancel out, while
4 kp cos  p cos 
components in x-direction add up giving net field equal to =
r 3  0 r 3
kp sin  16kp cos 

8p sin  3
r 3
(2r)
8p cos  p cos  P
2kp cos 
p sin  8kp cos  r
3
r 3
(2r)
Diagram-1 Diagram-2
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 187
4. Answer (3)
The net electric field intensity is
L
2
E ∫ dE cos 
L

2
dQ ⎛Q ⎞
Put dE  2
, dQ  ⎜ dx ⎟
2
40 (r x ) ⎝L ⎠
r
and cos  
2
r  x2
L
2
Qr dx
 E 
4 0 L L
∫ (r 2
 x 2 )3 / 2
...(A)

2
Let x = rtan ...(i)

Then dx = rsec2d ...(ii)
Putting in equation (A)
L
tan 1
2r
Qr r sec 2 d
E
40 L
⎛ L ⎞
∫ r 3 sec 3 
tan 1⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2r ⎠
L
sin 1
L  4r 2
2
Q
 E 
4 0 Lr ∫ cos d
L
sin 1
L  4r 2
2
L
sin 1
Q
= sin  1 L2  4 r 2
L
40 Lr sin
L2  4 r 2
Q 2
= 4 0 Lr
L2  4r 2
Q
E 
2 0 r L2  4r 2
5. Answer (4)
q(Initial)
Welectric field = – U
x
⎡ kqq  kqq  ⎤ q
= ⎢  x
⎣ x x ⎥⎦
q(Final)
=0
188 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
6. Answer (1)
F =Force by ring on q = Force by q on ring = qE where E = Electric field due to ring at centre
2k
 F= · sin 45° · q F
r +
+ T1
2 k +
= q + 45° y
r
+ x
k k
 Fx = q, Fy = q
r r T2
For equilibrium of ring T1 + Fx = 0
k
 T1 = q
r
7. Answer (4)
B
As the system moves with constant velocity, it is in equilibrium.
Thus, for equilibrium of block in vertical direction, 2l sin 
F +Q +Q
2T cos  = mg T
l  
mg
 T cos  = T
2
mg m
Also, for equilibrium of a balloon in vertical direction, B = T cos  =
2
1 Q2
For equilibrium of a balloon in horizontal direction, T sin  = F = Q2 =
40 16   0 l 2 sin 2 
(2l sin  )2
For equilibrium of a balloon in direction along the length of the string
T = B cos  + F sin 
mg Q2
= cos  +
2 160 l 2 sin 
8. Answer (2)
Charge distribution on plates in the arrangement shown is like as shown.
Q q – q q – q Q
P
Electric field at any point P in leftmost plate is zero.
Q Q
 =
2 0 2 0
or Q = Q(as electric field due to (q, –q), (q, –q) etc. cancel out)
Also Q + (q – q) + (q – q) + ... + Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + ... + Qn
Q1  Q2  Q3  ...  Qn
 Q=
2
9. Answer (1)
A 1
A 1 2 3
1 A B C D 1 B C 2
V B V
2 2 C A 3 B
C
3 3 V
D
V D
Before key is closed After key is closed
0 A
Before the key is closed, it is three capacitors in series Ceq =
3d
 0 AV
Q = Ceq V =
3d
After, capacitors marked 2 and 3 don’t store any charge
0 A  0 AV
 Ceq = Q = Ceq V =
d d
 Q = Charge flowing through battery = Q – Q
2 0 AV
=
3d
2 0 AV 2
 W = Q · V =
3d
10. Answer (3)
kq1 kq 2 kq 3
Vinnermost =  
r 2r 3r
k (q1  q 2  q 3 )
Voutermost =
3r
V does not depend on q3.
11. Answer (3)
If two more charges of magnitude of Q are placed at the vacant vertices, net field at centre = 0.

 E due to six charges = E due to two point charges placed at vacant vertices. E due to each charge
kQ 4kQ E 2 E
Q=E= 2 = 2
⎛ 3 ⎞ 3x O
⎜ x⎟ 3x
⎜ 2 ⎟  
⎝ ⎠ 2
x 2 1
Also, sin  = =
3x 2 3 Q x Q
2
 cos  =
3
⎛ 4kQ ⎞ 2 8 2 kQ
 Net field = 2E cos  = 2 ⎜ 2 ⎟ =
⎝ 3x ⎠ 3 3 3 x2
12. Answer (3)

+ – + 2 – 2
+ + – – + –
+ –
+ + – – + –
+ –
+ + – – + –
+ –
 d
Charge densities on facing faces of plates becomes +2 and –2 as they are brought close together, as shown
in the diagram here.
22 2 2
Electrostatic pressure = =
2 0 0
13. Answer (1)
⎛ 2k ⎞
F = qE = q ⎜ ⎟ = m2r
⎝ r ⎠
2kq
 =
mr 2
14. Answer (1)
For a field to be conservative
V = – (Ex dx + Ey dy + Ez dz) should be path independent

For E = 2xy iˆ + x2 ĵ , Ex dx + Ey dy = 2xy dx + x2 · dy
= d(x 2) y + x2 · dy = d (x2y)
 V = –x2y + C is path independent.
15. Answer (3)
2C 4C
P Q P
C V
Q P
3C
All the capacitors are connected between points P and Q
 All the capacitors are in parallel in steady state.
 Equivalent capacitance between P and Q = C + 2C + 3C + 4C = 10 C
1
 U= (10 C) V2 = 5 CV2
2

C' = KC0
Q = KC0V
⎛ 1⎞
Qinduced  Q ⎜ 1– ⎟
⎝ K⎠
5 ⎛ 3⎞
  90  10 –12  20 ⎜ 1– ⎟ = 1.2 nC
3 ⎝ 5⎠
16. Answer (1)
As the two springs are in parallel the arrangement is equivalent to as shown.
2qE
Maximum compression/extension = E
9K 9K
+q qE = F
(By work energy theorem)
17. Answer (4)

E external
Net electric field inside a dielectric slab = = E external + E polarisation
K
E 0 iˆ
 = E 0 iˆ + E polarisation
3
2E 0 ˆ
 E polarisation = i
3
18. Answer (2)
For a uniform solid sphere, potential
kQ ⎡ r2 ⎤
inside : V= ⎢3  2 ⎥
2R ⎣⎢ R ⎦⎥
kQ
outside : V =
r
19. Answer (3)
For r > 0, As r increases, slope changes from – to zero. So, E changes from  to zero
20. Answer (4)
dU 1 2
Energy density = 0 E
dV 2
1
 dU =  0 E 2 dV
2
1 Qr
Electric field inside solid sphere = . Consider a spherical shell element of radius r of thickness dr.
4 0 R 3
 dV = 4r2 dr
2
1 ⎡ 1 Qr ⎤ 1 Q 2r 4
 dU = 0 ⎢  3 ⎥ 4r2 dr = dr
2 ⎣ 40 R ⎦ 80 R 6
R
Q2 Q2
 U= ∫ dU =
8 0 R 6 ∫
0
r 4 dr =
400 R
21. Answer (1)

Total charge on the system = q + 3q = 4q. In electrostatic equilibrium, if charges on smaller and larger spheres
be Q and 4q – Q respectively, by equating potentials we get
KQ K ( 4q  Q )
=
r 3r
 3Q = 4q – Q
 Q=q
22. Answer (1)

Let us consider a spherical shell of radius r and thickness dr. The volume occupied by the wall of the shell is
dv = (4r2)dr
The charge in the wall of the shell is
dQ = dv
⎡ ⎛ r ⎞⎤
= (4r2dr) ⎢ 0 ⎜1  R ⎟⎥
⎣ ⎝ ⎠⎦
⎛ 2 r3 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
= 40 ⎜ r  R ⎟dr
⎝ ⎠
Total charge inclosed by the sphere of radius R is
R
⎛ r 3 ⎞⎟
⎜
0⎝
∫
Q  40 ⎜ r 2 
R ⎟⎠
dr
⎡R3 R3 ⎤
= 4  0 ⎢  ⎥
⎢⎣ 3 4 ⎥⎦
0 R 3
=
3
22a. Answer (3) (AIEEE 2010)

Charge enclosed by a Gaussian sphere of radius r(< R) is
r
⎛5 r ⎞
Qin  ∫  dV  ∫ 0 ⎜ – ⎟4r 2 dr
0 ⎝4 R⎠
r
⎡5 r 3 4r 4 ⎤
 0 ⎢  4 – ⎥
⎣4 3 4R ⎦ 0
⎡5 r 4 ⎤
 0 ⎢ r 3 – ⎥
⎣3 R ⎦
Qin  r ⎡5 r ⎤
E  0 ⎢ – ⎥
40 r 2
4 0 ⎣ 3 R ⎦
22b. Answer (4) [JEE (Main)-2016]

At r = a
kQ
Ea 
a2
a
Take a shell at r = r dr
r
(a  r  b )
A
dq = 4r2dr
r
 q from r = a to r = r
r
q  4A ∫ rdr  2A[r 2  a 2 ]

a
 Charge from r = a to r = b
q = 2A[b2 – a2]
2A[b 2  a 2 ]  Q
Now, field at r = b is Eb 
0  4b 2
Q
Now, Ea = Eb gives, A 
2a 2
23. Answer (2)
KQ
E  r, 0  r  R
R3
is a straight line passing through the origine as
y = mx
E

r=0 r=R r
KQ
E  , r  R is a rectangular hyperbola
r2
E
r=R r
Combining these two graph we get the result.
24. Answer (1)
kQ
v  (3R 2  r 2 ), 0  r  R
2R 3
⎛ 2R 3 ⎞
 ⎜ ⎟ v  3R 2  r 2
⎜ KQ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
⎛ 2R 3 ⎞
 ⎜ ⎟v  r 2  3R 2
⎜ KQ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
⎛ 2R 3 ⎞
 3R 2  ⎜ ⎟v  r 2
⎜ KQ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
2R 3 ⎛ 3KQ ⎞
 r2   ⎜v  ⎟
KQ ⎝ 2R ⎠
This is in the form of
x 2   4a( y  )
Hence the graph is a parabola

v
r
r=R
KQ
v  ,rR
r
This is the rectangular hyperbola.
v
r=R r
Combining these two graph, we get the result.

25. Answer (1)
y
Charges are induced on the metal sphere as shown. E due to
charges inside cavity is zero, due to electrostatic shielding.
– –
 E dipole + E induced = 0 p
++ + x
r P

 E induced =  E dipole
No induced charge
⎛ kp ⎞
=  ⎜  3 ˆj ⎟ on this surface
⎝ r ⎠
kp ˆ
= j
r3
26. Answer (3)
⎛  V ˆ V ˆ V ˆ ⎞
F = qE = q ⎜⎜ i  j k⎟
⎝ x y z ⎟⎠
= q ( 2 xy iˆ  x 2 ˆj  zkˆ )
For only x-component of force to be zero, y = 0.
27. Answer (2)

r
E inside a solid sphere of charge with charge density  =
3 0
In the cavity shown here, at general point P
+P+ +
b c
E =  + + + +
3 0 3 0 + c+ b + +
+a
O + +
+ + + + +

 a + + + +
= (b  c ) = = constant + + +
3 0 3 0
28. Answer (2)
1 1
th of 8q and th of 4q lie inside the cube
8 4
Charge enclosed = 2q
2q
By Gauss law,  =
0
29. Answer (1)
1 1 1
U= CV2, U = CV2 = kCV2 = kU
2 2 2
30. Answer (2)
B 0.5F
2F
1.5F 2F
10V
0.5F A 1.5F
B 3F B
B A B A
2F 10V 2F 10 V
(Note that 3 F capacitor is shorted and stores no charge)

Potential difference between points A and B = 5V
Charge on 1.5 F capacitor = CV = 1.5 × 5 = 7.5 C
31. Answer (2)
Equivalent capacitance of the circuit
k 0 (2A) 3  6  A 6  12   A
=  + 
(2d ) 36 d 6  12 d
 k =2 + 4 = 6
A, d A, d
3 6
k=3 k=6
X Y X Y
k = 12 k = 6 12 6
A, d A, d
32. Answer (2)
dV dV
Point for which potential is locally minimum  0 E = =0
dx dx
Let this point (P) is at distance r from Q
kQ k (16Q ) P Q –16Q
 = x-axis
r2 (d  r ) 2 0 d 2d
r
 (4r)2 = (d + r) 2
d
 r=
3
⎛ 2d ⎞
 Coordinates of point are ⎜ , 0⎟
⎝ 3 ⎠
33. Answer (4)
⎡ Q2 ⎤ ⎡ 2 A ⎤ ⎡ Qr ⎤
⎢ ⎥ = ⎢ ⎥ = ⎢ ⎥ = [Energy gradient] = [MLT–2]
⎢⎣ 2 0 ⎥⎦ ⎣ 3 0 ⎦
2
⎢⎣  0 r ⎥⎦
⎡ CV 2 ⎤
but ⎢ 2 ⎥ = [M L0 T–2]
⎢⎣ 4r ⎥⎦
34. Answer (2)

Equipotential surfaces are normal to the electric field. For uniform field, equipotential surfaces are planar,
as shown.
Planar equipotential surfaces
35. Answer (4)

q
12
cos  =
13 
12 13
 Solid angle subtended by the base = 2 (1 – cos )
⎛ 12 ⎞
= 2 ⎜ 1  ⎟
⎝ 13 ⎠ 5
2
=
13
q 2 13 q
 =  =
0 4 26 0
36. Answer (1)
At minimum separation, both the particles move with same velocity (say v). Thus, by conservation of momentum,
mv = 2 mv
v
 v =
2
2
1 1 ⎛v ⎞
By conservation of energy, mv2 + 0 = 2 × m ⎜ ⎟ + U
2 2 ⎝2⎠
1
 U= mv2
4
37. Answer (2)

P = F v = 0 t=t
u cos 
 F v  E y
 At time t, y component of velocity becomes zero t=0
x
 by v = u + at
qE
0 = u sin  – t
m
mu sin  mu sin   0
 t= =
qE q
38. Answer (4)
Electric field lines are directed from positive towards negative charge, are perpendicular to the metal surface and
do not take sharp turns. Also, uniform electric field is represented by equispaced parallel lines.

The field line should resemble that of a dipole.
39. Answer (4)

The arrangement can be seen as that of a regular tetrahedron.
By symmetry, charge is zero on capacitor opposite and crossed to the capacitor with battery connected across
its terminals.
40. Answer (2)
When connected by key, both the bodies become a single metal body and so all the charge comes to the outer
1 (q1  q 2 )
surface of the metallic shell. Therefore, potential at any inside point of the shell is .
4 0 r
41. Answer (1)
Charge placed at vertex D can be visualised as combination of +Q, +Q and  2Q. Thus there are three dipoles

p1, p2 and p3 as shown
A B
–Q + 2Q
 Dipole moment of the system is p  p  p 1 2 3
p2
⎛ iˆ ˆj ⎞ p1
= –Qx ĵ + 2Qx ⎜  ⎟ – Qx iˆ
y
⎜ 2 2 ⎟⎠
⎝ p3
D C x
= Qx [( 2  1) iˆ  ( 2  1) ˆj ] +Q, +Q, – 2Q –Q
42. Answer (1)

Due to various sheets, fields are shown
⎛ 3  2 4 ⎞ˆ 3
 Net field = ⎜⎜    ⎟i
⎟ 
⎝ 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 ⎠ 2 0
 ˆ 
=  i 
0 2 0
2

2 0
4

2 0
43. Answer (1)

U= pE
2k ( p) (2p ) 4kp 2
 U=  = 
d3 d3
12kp 2 3p2
 F (attractive, as U is negative) = | Derivative of U w.r.t. d| = =
d4  0 d 4
44. Answer (4)

For  = 180°,  = pE sin  = 0 and U = –pE cos 
= –pE cos 180° = pE = maximum

 Equilibrium is unstable
45. Answer (2)
kq kq
VA = , VB = A B
r r +q –q
2kq
 V = V A – VB = d
r
q r
 C= = = 20r
V 2k
46. Answer (2)
Consider a plane consisting the charges (say x-y plane) and let the charges be located at (–1.5d, 0) and (1.5d, 0).
Potential at any point (x, y) in x–y plane.
kq k ( 2q )
V= + =0
2
( x  1.5d )  y 2
( x  1.5d )2  y 2
 4 [(x + 1.5d)2 + y2] = (x – 1.5d)2 + y2

 4 [x2 + 2.25d2 + 3xd + y2] = (x2 + 2.25d2 – 3xd + y2)
 3x2 + 3y2 + 6.75d2 + 15xd = 0
 x2 + y2 + 2.25d2 + 5xd = 0
 (x + 2.5d)2 + y2 = (2.5d)2 – 2.25d2 = (6.25 – 2.25) d2 = (2d)2
47. Answer (2)
Inside a conducting sphere

E total = 0 = E due to Q + E due to induced charge
48. Answer (4)
q2
Force E 
2 0 A
As q= Kq = rq
E2  E12r

E
K 0
 = K0 E
= 2.2 × 8.85 ×10–12 × 3 ×104  6 × 10–7 C/m2
49. Answer (3)
ab 40ab
C1  40  , C2   40 b
(b  a ) (b  a)
50. Answer (2)
Charge upon small element
Q Qd 
dQ   Rd  
2R 2

ENett  0  E1  E2
Qd  ˆ
E2  k j
2  R 2
51. Answer (1)
q2 x2
H  U  
2c 2y
52. Answer (1)

C  (C  C1)
F k 1
r2
F C
 0 ⇒C1  C2 
C1 2
53. Answer (3)

p  px iˆ  py ˆj p2 = ql
= (ql  ql cos 60)iˆ  ql sin 60 ˆj 60°
3ˆ 3 ˆ p1 = ql
ql 
i  ql j
2 2
54. Answer (2)
⎛ E ⎞
= |F ||P |⎜ ⎟
⎝ x ⎠
 ⎡ 1 Q⎤
= P x ⎢ 4 2 ⎥
⎣ 0 x ⎦
1 2PQ
= 4  3
0 x

( F attractive type )
55. Answer (3)

F qE q 1 p
a     3 cos2 60  1
m m m 40 r 3
qp 1 kqp
=  7 7
3
40 mr 2 2mr 3
55a. Answer (1) y [JEE (Main)-2017]

p  p cos i  p sin j

E 1  Ei
p



T 1  p  E 1 = ( p cos i  p sin  j )  E i x

k  pE sin  
k   …(i) z

E 2  3E1j

T2  ( p cos i  p sin j )  3E1j

k  3 pE1 cos 
k …(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
pE sin   3 pE cos 
tan   3
 = 60°
56. Answer (1)
1 ⎡ q q ⎤
Vconductor = 0  ⎢  ⎥
40 ⎣x R⎦
R
q  q 
x
dq qR dx qR
I    v
dt x 2 dt x2
57. Answer (1)
dV
E( x )   2
dx
∫ dV  ∫ 2dx
V2 – V1 = 2[x2 – x1]
V – 0 = 2[2 – 0]
V=4V

dV  E  dx
VA 2
∫ dV   ∫ 30 x 2dx
VO 0
VA  VO  [10 x 3 ]02  80 J
58. Answer (3)

=1m
’ = 0.5 m
q = 1mc
1 q2 1 q2
W = U1 – U2 = 3   3  = – 27 kJ
40 l 4 0 l 
59. Answer (3)
dV
At two points, in the region –a < y < a and y < –a, V is zero. Also E = = 0 in the region y < –a. V +, at
dy
points near +Q. V  at points near –3Q. Also, V  at y = Considering all these facts, graph can be
sketched.
60. Answer (4)

Enet = E external + E induced = 0 inside metal
E external
 k= =  for metal
Enet

Thus E induced =  E external for metal 5R
61. Answer (2) –
Force experienced by outer shell due to inner – –
shell = zero, by symmetry. Outer shell + +
experiences force due to point charge only. – + R+ – 4Q
+ +
1 2Q  4Q 2Q 2 – 3R
 F =  = –
4 0 (5R ) 2
25 0 R 2 –
62. Answer (1)

If charge distribution on various capacitors is as shown,
V2
–Q2
C2
+Q2
C1 C3
V
V1 V3
–Q1 +Q1 +Q3 –Q3
+Q4
C4
–Q4
V4
by conservation of charge, Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 = 0.
 C1 (V – V1) + C2 (V – V2) + C3 (V – V3) + C4 (V – V4) = 0
C1V1  C2V2  C3V3  C 4V4

 V=
C1  C2  C3  C 4
63. Answer (2)

Dielectric strength is minimum electric field to be applied for breakdown
J
 S.I. unit of dielectric strength =
Cm
64. Answer (2)
If equivalent capacitance of the circuit between terminals of the battery is C the given circuit is equivalent to
2C 2C 2C 2C
A A
C C C C
C
B B
2CC
Thus, equivalent capacitance = C = C
2C  C 
 C = 2C
1
 Heat generated = CV2 = CV2
2
65. Answer (4)
Net charge on the ring = zero and every point of the ring is distant r from the centre
kqnet
 V= =0
r
66. Answer (2)
0 A 0 A 3 0 A
C= = =
d1 d 2 d d d d d 10d
  ...    
k1 k 2 1  1 3 1
67. Answer (4)
A negatively charged particle experiences force opposite to the direction of electric field. So this statement is
incorrect to assert.
68. Answer (2)
Let E1 and E2 represent field due to the shell (with hole) and field due to charge on material which has been
punched out to form hole. When the shell has not been punched,
At P : Net field = 0 = E1 – E2 + Q
+ +
 P
At Q : Net field = = E1 + E2
0 + +
 +
 E1 = +
2 0
69. Answer (2) + +
+
E
D –(q
–q
C ) +(q –q)
–q
5a B –q
(q –
+q
A
q)
4a +q
3a a
2a
VC = 0
kq kq kq ' kq ' k  q ' q k  q ' q k  q ' q
      0
3a 3a 3a 4a 4a 5a 5a
3q
 q' 
4
kq kq kq ' kq ' k  q ' q  k  q ' q  k  q ' q 
VA       
2a 3a 3a 4a 4a 5a 5a
kq
VA 
6a
kq kq kq ' kq ' k  q ' q  k  q ' q  k  q ' q 
VD       
4a 4a 4a 4a 4a 5a 5a
kq
VD  
16a
kq ⎛ kq ⎞ kq ⎡ 1 1 ⎤ 11kq
VA  VD   ⎜ ⎟   
6a ⎝ 16a ⎠ a ⎢⎣ 6 16 ⎥⎦ 48a
70. Answer (1)
 ⎡ 2 ⎤ 2 ⎡ 2 ⎤
W  ln ⎢  ln ⎢
2   0 ⎣ 2 2 ⎦ 2   0 ⎣ 2 2 ⎥⎦
⎥
3 ⎛ 1 ⎞
W  ln ⎜
2   0 ⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
3
W  ln  2
4  0
71. Answer (2)

Q1 C1 q C
 ⇒  Q 2Q
Q2 C2 2Q  q 2C
2Q 2d
 2q = 2Q – q, q 3Q d 3Q
3 (2Q – q)
2 –q q 2
Charge flown through key –(2Q – q)
C 2C
3Q
K   2Q  q 
2 k
3Q ⎡ 2Q ⎤
  ⎢2Q 
2 ⎣ 3 ⎥⎦
3Q 4Q Q
=  
2 3 6
72. Answer (2)
 'L  L
  
2 2  0r 2
  ' L2

8  0r
  ' L2  12
 ⇒
I 8   0 r  mL2
3  '
 
2  0m r
73. Answer (2)
C C 5C
Ceff   C  Ceff 
3 3 3

Cnet = 5 F
Qnet = 5 × 8 = 40
Q4 F = 24
Q9 F = 18
Q = Q4 F + Q9 F = 42 C
kQ 9  104  42  10 –6
E   420 N/C
r2 30  30
3 C/2
=
where C = 4 F
74. Answer (2)
In a conductor of non-uniform cross-section, current remains same at all cross-sections but current-density
changes as
i
j
A
j
Vd 
ne
Since j changes, Vd also changes along the length of conductor.
E = j ; ( is resistivity)
So, electric field (E) also changes along the length of conductor.

Following arrangement will do the needful :
8 capacitors of 1F in parallel with four such branches in series.
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 8 F 8 F 8 F 8 F
3 3 3 3
8 8 8 8 250 V 250 V 250 V 250 V
1000 V
1000 V
75. Answer (1)

dq
 10e  2t
dt
Q 
∫
0
∫
dq  10e 2t .dt
0
 Q = 5 coulomb
76. Answer (4)
1 1 1
 
R R1 R2
A1  A2 A A
 1  2
.l 1.l  2 .l
1 2 ( A1  A2 )
 
A1 2  A21
77. Answer (3)
i 2R
 0.9 ; R - load; r - internal resistance of cell
i
iR
  0 .9

.R ⎛  ⎞
 = 0.9; ⎜∵ i  ⎟
(R  r ). ⎝ Rr ⎠
R
  0.9  R = 9r
Rr
Now if load resistance is changed, R = 3r

 
i  
r  3 r 4r
i  2 R  100 i R  100   3r
Efficiency of cell =    100  75%
i   4r  
78. Answer (2)
V
R gives the definition of resistance, in general. In case of ohmic-conductor, R is constant  V  I (ohm’s
I
law). In the case of non-ohmic conductors, R changes as applied voltage changes e.g. in semi-conductors.
E   j is the correct relation.
79. Answer (2)
Resistivity is equal to the resistance of a material having unit area of cross-section and unit length. So, it
does not depend upon the size of the body.
In metallic conductors,
eE
Vd 
m

Relaxation time,   ;  - mean free path
Vrms
Also, Vrms  T
1
So, Vd 
T
But in the case of semi-conductors, resistivity decreases with increasing temperature.
80. Answer (3)
Suppose the polarity of n cells are reversed
(32  2n ) volt
i
32
 + ir = 1.5  – ir = 0.5
32  2n 32  2n
 1  1  1 .5 1  1  0 .5
32 32
 n=8 n=8
81. Answer (4)
Potential difference across three resistors is same. So, three resistors are in parallel combination.
1 1 1 1
  
R 3 6 2
 R=1
5
i  5A
1
81a. Answer (3) 6V [JEE (Main)-2015]

I2 P 2
I1
From KVL,
9 = 6I1 – I2 …(1) I1–I2
3 9V
1
6 = 4I2 – I1 …(2)
Solving, I1 – I2 = –0.13 A
Q
3

The potential difference in each loop is zero.
∴ No current will flow.
82. Answer (4) B

The given circuit could be re-arranged as shown in figure. 2R R
This is a balanced Wheatstone-Bridge. O 5R A

3R 2R R
 5R
15R
ROA  2  C
3R 13
 5R 5R
2
83. Answer (1)
The given circuit could be re-arranged as
C
R R R
A
R D R A B
C R
R R R
⇒
R R
B D
R
This is a balanced Wheat stone-bridge.
R
Hence, R AB 
2
84. Answer (2)
The given circuit could be modified as
R R
R R R R ⇒ R R R R
A R O R B A R R B
On account of symmetry of circuit about a vertical line through O, the junction at O could be removed. Then
circuit becomes a series and parallel combination of resistors.
8R
 R AB 
7
85. Answer (2)
Suppose RAB = x
The given circuit could be equivalently represented as, r
A
2 x.2r
xr  x 2r 2x
2 x  2r
 (x – r) (x + r) = 2x.r B
 x2 – 2rx – r2 = 0
2r  4r 2  4r 2
x  (1  2 ).r
2
86. Answer (4)
R R R V3 R E R V3
A V1 V2 V1 V4
Potential at different points of circuit have been shown. Resistors having same potential difference could be
treated in parallel. Accordingly, circuit could be re-arranged as
R
V1 2 V2
A
R
R 2
E
V3 V4
3R
 R AE 
2
87. Answer (2)
According to maximum power transfer theorem, power supplied to load is maximum if R = r
E
Current, i 
Rr
Current is maximum when R = 0, but power transfer to load is maximum when R = r.
E
If R << r, then i = constant
r
E 2R
Power supplied to load, P  i 2R 
(R  r ) 2
At R = 0, or at R = , P = 0
r r
=
R
Req = R/2 Eeq
R E
To get maximum heat generation from r

r = Req = R/2
88. Answer (2)

Equivalent emf of grouping of cells, Eeq. = mE
Eeq. req.
mr
Equivalent internal resistance, req.  I
n
mE E R
I 
mr R r
R 
n m n
 Current in the circuit will be maximum when
R r
 = minimum
m n
⎛R r ⎞
d⎜  ⎟
 ⎝m n⎠ 0
dn
R r
  0 ; (m × n = N = constant)
N n2
R r R m
  or 
m n r n
Putting this result into the expression of current
E nE
Imax = 
r r 2r

n n
According to maximum power transfer theorem, power supplied to load is maximum when
R = req.
mr
 R
n
R m
 
r n
So, power transfer to load is maximum when current in circuit is maximum.
2 n 2E 2
Maximum power to load, Pmax  Imax .R  .R .
4r 2
89. Answer (4)
Let H be the amount of heat required to boil the given water.
V2 V2 H
H t1  
R1 R1 t1
V2 V2 H
H t2  
R2 R2 t 2
When two coils are switched on,
1 1 1
 
R R1 R2
V2 V2 V2
  
R R1 R2
H H H
  
t t1 t 2
1 1 1
  
t t1 t 2
t1  t 2 30  60
 t  = 20 min.
t1  t 2 30  60
90. Answer (3)

Let H be the amount of heat required to boil water
V2
H t …(i)
R
R
In the latter case, Req. 
4
V2
 H t …(ii)
R
4
t
(i) and (ii)  t  
4
91. Answer (3)
V2
H  P.t  .t
R
t
 = constant
R
 tRL
 tL
92. Answer (3)
In series combination of bulbs,
1
P R
W
where, P is power consumption and W is wattage of bulb.
In parallel combination of bulbs,
1
Pi  W
R

15  40 + 5  100 + 5  80 + 1000 = V  I
600 + 500 + 400 + 1000 = 220 I
2500
I  11.36
220
I = 12 A.
93. Answer (4)
Let R be the resistance of heater and r be the resistance of each bulb.
Before the bulb gets fused,
V
Current through heater (i ) 
r
R
2
VR
Voltage across heater = iR 
r
R
2
r
V.
r 2  Vr
Voltage across bulbs = i . 
2 r 2R  r
R
2
After one bulb get fused,
V
Current through heater (i) =
Rr
VR
Voltage across heater = i R =
Rr
Vr
Voltage across remaining bulb = i r =
Rr
A comparison shows that,
Potential difference across heater decreases  Power output of heater decreases.
Current through heater decreases.
Potential difference across remaining bulb increases  Brightness of the remaining bulb increases.
R1 l

R2 (100 – l )
R2 (l – 10)

R1 (110 – l )
(100 – l)(110 – l) = l(l – 10)

11000 + l2 – 210l = l2 – 10l
 l = 55 cm
⎛ 55 ⎞
R1  R2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 45 ⎠
R1 + R2 = 1000 
R1 = 550 
94. Answer (4)

Current capacity of a fuse wire is independent of its length and depends on radius of wire as
I  r 3/2
95. Answer (3)
V2
PA 
RA
2
⎛ RB .V ⎞ 1 2 RB
PB  ⎜⎜ ⎟ .
⎟ R  V . (R  R ) 2
⎝ RB  RC ⎠ B B C
2
⎛ RC .V ⎞ 1 2 RC
PC  ⎜⎜ ⎟ .
⎟ R  V . (R  R ) 2
⎝ RB  RC ⎠ C B C
∵ PA = PB = PC
1 RB RC
  2

R A (RB  RC ) (RB  RC )2
RB RC
2

(RB  RC ) (RB  RC )2
 RB = RC  WB = WC …(i)
1 R
 B2
R A 4RB
1 1 1
  .
R A 4 RB
 RA = 4 RB
 WB = 4 WA …(ii)
(i) and (ii)  WB = WC = 4 WA
 WA : WB : WC = 1 : 4 : 4
96. Answer (2)
We may define equivalent cell,
6  1 3  2
0   4V
1 2
2 1 2
r0   
2 1 3
According to maximum power transfer theorem,
R
r0 
2
4
 R = 2r0 = 
3
97. Answer (3)
i0
Suppose at t = 0 i = i0
⎛i ⎞
then i = i0  ⎜ 0 ⎟ t
⎝ t0 ⎠
Total charge flown in the circuit, O t0
1
q= i 0 . t0
2
2q
i0 =
t0
⎛ t ⎞
hence i = i0 ⎜ 1  ⎟
⎝ t0 ⎠
2q ⎛ t ⎞
 i = ⎜1  ⎟
t0 ⎝ t0 ⎠
Now at t = t, heat produced in interval dt
dH = i2Rdt
Total heat produced in circuit,
t0 2 4q 2R
H= ∫0 i Rdt =
3t0
98. Answer (3)
From Kirchoff’s law,
VQ + 150 – i × 2 = VP
150  50
where i = A = 20 A
5
VP = (– 10) + 150 – 20 × 2 = 100 V

y y
13 V, 2 
x
12 V, 1  x
x +y 10 
Applying KVL in loops

12 – x – 10(x + y) = 0
 12 = 11x + 10y ...(i)
13 = 10x + 12y ...(ii)
7 23
Solving x  A, y  A
16 32
V = 10(x + y) = 11.56 V
2
Aliter : req  , R = 10 
3
Eeq E1 E2 37
  ⇒ Eeq  V
req r1 r2 3
Eeq
V  R  11.56 V
R  req
99. Answer (2) 20 

20 A R
G
20 × 1 × 10 –3 + R × 1 × 10–3 = 0.005 × 19.999
1 mA
 20 + R = 5 × 19.999
19.999 A
 20 + R = 99.995
S = 0.005 
 R = 99.995 – 20 = 79.995 

Ig = 10–3 A
Rg = 100 
Ig (Rg )
RS (shunt resistance) =  0.01 
I  Ig

It’s clear, shunt should be applied in parallel and least the shunt resistance, better the ammeter is
99c. Answer (4) [JEE (Main)-2017]

In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, the null point remains unchanged even if cell and galvanometer are
interchanged.
99d. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2017]

ig = 5 × 10–3 A
G = 15 Ω
Let series resistance be R.
V = ig (R + G)
10 = 5 × 10–3 (R + 15)
R = 2000 – 15 = 1985 = 1.985 × 103 Ω
100. Answer (1)

r
1 1 1 1 1 r
   
rab r r r r
a r b
1 4 r

rab r
101. Answer (1)
5V 10
100  = 100Rv
 50
100  Rv
100  Rv
⇒ = 50
100  Rv
⇒ RV = 100 
102. Answer (4)
103. Answer (3)
In BEA, B 4V
4 – 2i1 – (i1 + i2) = 2
2
2 = 3i1 + i2 ....(i)
A 1 i1 1  6V
6 – i2 – (i1 + i2) = 2 2 V (i1+i2) Ei2 C
4 = i1 + 2i2 ....(ii) 2
i1
(ii) × 3 – (i) ⇒
+4 V D
12 – 2 = 5i2
i2 = 2
i1 = 0
⇒ Current in AE = i1 + i2 = 2 + 0 = 2 A
104. Answer (3)
Given i = i0sint
1 1
⎡ cos t ⎤ i0 2i 0
Q  i0 ∫
0
sin tdt = i 0 ⎢
⎣  ⎥ =  [cos   cos 0] =
⎦0  
105. Answer (2)
∫ idt
dq
i ⇒dq  idt q = = Area of figure bounded by graph and time axis
dt
106. Answer (2)
In loop (1)
10 – i1R – 6 + 3i2 = 0 ...(i)
In loop (2)
6 – (i1 + i2) × 6 – 3i2 = 0 ...(ii)
4  3i 2
(i) ⇒ i1 =
R
Putting in (ii)
⎛ 4  3i 2 ⎞
9i2 + 6 ⎜ ⎟ =6
⎝ R ⎠
⎛ 18 ⎞ 24
i2 ⎜ 9  ⎟ = 6
⎝ R ⎠ R
24
6
R
i2 =
18
9
R
24
6
4  3 R
18 ⎛ 18 ⎞ ⎛ 24 ⎞
9 4⎜9  ⎟  3⎜6 
R ⎝ R⎠ ⎝ R ⎟⎠
 i1 = =
R ⎛ 18 ⎞
⎜9  R ⎟  R
⎝ ⎠
2
⎡ 54R  144 ⎤
 P = i12R = ⎢ 2 ⎥ R
⎣ 9R  18R ⎦
dP
0
dR
 R=2
107. Answer (3)
4 1
i= =1A
3
Since cell A is delivering current therefore, potential difference across it
V = EA – i RA
= 4 – 1 × 1 = 3 Volt
108. Answer (4)
6
k = V/cm
100
 u=h.
4 4 200
= = =
k 6 3
100
109. Answer (3)
6R  3 R
Rnet = R  = 3R
6 R  3R
Tnet = CRnet = C × 3R
110. Answer (1)
The capacitor can be replaced by a closed switch
111. Answer (1)
To convert galvanometer into ammeter, it is shunted.
⎛ 1 ⎞
R  G⎜ ⎟
I
⎜  1⎟
⎜ Ig ⎟
⎝ ⎠
I is the enhanced range.

So, smaller is the value of shunt resistance (R), larger is the range (I) of ammeter.
112. Answer (1)
In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, cell and galvanometer arms are interchangeable. Since Wheatstone bridge
is balanced, hence no current passes through the galvanometer.
113. Answer (3)
Ig 8 1
 
I 40 5
Ig 8
Also, 
I 8 G
8 1
 
8 G 5
 G = 32 
114. Answer (4)
Vg = Ig.G
= (5 × 10–3) × 200 = 1 volt
V = 10 volt
⎛V ⎞
R  G⎜  1⎟
⎜ Vg ⎟
⎝ ⎠
= 200(10 – 1) = 1800 
115. Answer (3)
10
I = current through potentiometer wire =
100  R
Potential drop across 4 m length of wire = 40 I
40 I = 2
10
40  2
100  R
 R = 100 
116. Answer (2) J
Circuit could be re-arranged as shown
Since deflection of galvanometer is zero.
B D, A
This is a balanced Wheatstone bridge. G
4 1 l 4 8

8 l
C
2
 l m
3
117. Answer (1)
At null point no current passes through the galvanometer. So any change in galvanometer is not going to affect
the result.
If potentiometer wire is replaced keeping length same, then potential gradient across it is not changing. So
balancing length won’t change.
If Ep is increased, potential gradient will increase. Hence balancing length will decrease. So, balance point
will shift nearer to A.
118. Answer (4)
Equivalent circuit to find out the time-constant is
A
R
2R C
B
RAB = R
 Time-constant = RC
119. Answer (2)

Applying Kirchhoff’s loop theorem in the loop containing two cells,
q q
 20   10   0
3 6
 q = 20 C
120. Answer (3)
Time-constant = RC
Saturation-charge on capacitor = q0 = EC
∵ q = q0(1 – e–t/RC)
or, q = EC(1 – e–t/RC)

It is a simple RC charging circuit.
q = CV (1 – e–t/)
 q = CV (1 – e–2), when t = 2
121. Answer (2) R

Equivalent circuit is as shown in the figure, C
R
Req.  R
2
E 2E
i 
R 2 R
122. Answer (4)
18  1  12  2 42
Equivalent cell, E 0    14 V
1 2 3
Q = CE0 = 14 × 2 C = 28 C

In steady state, flow of current through capacitor will be zero.
E r
E
i=
r  r2
i
Er2C r1
VC = i r2C = r  r
2
C
r2
VC = CE r2
r  r2
123. Answer (1)
V .R  V .2R
VBA  V
R  2R
 Voltage across capacitor = 0
 Charge on capacitor = 0
124. Answer (2)
Volume remains constant
7 2 9
3r 2 l  r l ' ⇒ l '  l
3 7
l
Ri 
3r2
9 l 2r
dr '
Rf 
7r ∫ r r '2
2r
9 l ⎡ 1⎤
Rf  ⎢⎣  r ' ⎥⎦
7r r
9 l ⎡ 1 1⎤
Rf  ⎢⎣  2r  r ⎥⎦
7r
9 l
Rf 
14  r 2
Rf 9 l  3  r 2

Ri 14  r 2   l
Rf 27
 
Ri 14
125. Answer (2)
8 8V
16V
B A VA
VB = –4V ,  3
6 VA = 12V
V =0 VB
4V
126. Answer (1)
2t 

E2  E2 ⎡  2t /  ⎤
∫

Heat dissipated =
0
i 2 R dt 
R ∫
0
e  dt 
R ⎢⎣  2 e ⎥⎦
0
1 1
 CE 2  e 2  1  CE 2 1  e 2 
2 2
1
 CE 2 1  0.16
2
= 0.42 CE2
1
Now, 0.42 CE2 = kA2
2
0.21 C
A  2E
k
127. Answer (2)
5 10
i i1 (i1–i2) i2
i2 i1 i
10 5
V
Applying Kirchhoff's law
5i1 + 10i2 = V
V
i1 + 2i2 = ...(i)
5
V
3i1 – i2 = ...(ii)
5
Equation (ii) × 2 + Equation (i)
2V 3V
i2  , i1 
35 35
Current in 5  resistor dipped in liquid
V
 i1  i 2   2A
35
Now, i 2 R t = C  
4 × 5 × 60 = 100 
 = 12°C
128. Answer (2)
A current carrying wire remains neutral hence it produces only magnetic field but not the electric field.
A charge in rest produces electric field only but when it is in motion it constitutes an electric current. Hence a
charge in motion also produces magnetic field.
Magnetic field lines always forms a closed loop.
A magnetic field around a current carrying wire acts on compass needle hence it deflects.
129. Answer (4)
We know that,  = Li
BA = Li
 0 iA
= Li
2r
Lr  2
 0 =
A
henry
 unit of 0 =
metre
 0 m1  m2
Also, F = 
4 r2
A.m  A.m
 N = 0 
m2
N
 Unit of  =
A2
 0i T.m
B=  Unit of 0 =
2r A
130. Answer (1)



F = q0 v  B . Here v and B is parallel to each other.

 F =0
131. Answer (2)
2
10 – 7  0.2 
0 sin  3 8
B = (i dl ) 2 = = × 10–8 T
4 r 3 27
132. Answer (4)
 0i
B=
2 r
1
 B  i and B  .
r
133. Answer (3)
q
Equivalent current, i = = qf
T
Magnetic moment,  = iA = qf (r2)
  =  (0.5 × 10–10)2 × 1016 (1.6 × 10–19)
= 1.26 × 10–23 A.m2
134. Answer (1)
In non-uniform magnetic field the magnetic needle may experience both a force and a torque.
135. Answer (3)
On the left half part of the loop the force F1 is repulsive and on the right half part of the loop the force F2 in attractive
but F1 > F2. Hence the loop will move away from the wire.
i0 i F1 F2 i
136. Answer (3)

From the Ampere circuital law net current inside the loop of radius r > r1 > r2 will be equal to zero hence magnetic
field at a distance r > r1 > r2 from the axis will be zero.
137. Answer (4)

Magnetic field lines form a closed loop therefore for the line coming out of the page of XY-plane flux is (positive) but
for the lines going into the page, the flux is (negative). Hence total flux through XY-plane is equal to zero.
Total number of line coming out of the page is equal to total number of line going into the page in first quadrant also.
Hence in first quadrant of XY-plane total flux is equal to zero.
No lines cut the YZ-plane. Hence the magnetic flux through YZ-plane is equal to zero.
138. Answer (2)
The magnetic field induction at the centre of the hexagon will be zero if battery is connected across any corner of
the polygon.
139. Answer (1)
The magnetic field is given by the formula.
0i
B= [cos 1 – cos 2]
4d
For the wire PQ, 1 = 0° and 2 = 0°.

 Magnetic field at M due to PQ wire is equal to zero.
Due to the wire QR
0i ⎡  ⎤
BQR =
4 r ⎢cos 2 – cos  ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 0I  0I
= [0 – (–1)] = , out of the page
4r 4r
140. Answer (3)

The magnetic moment of the particle is,
M = IA = (qf) r2
⎛⎞ r 2
= q ⎜ ⎟ × r2 = q
⎝ 2 ⎠ 2
Angular momentum L = I = mr2
M q 5
 = =
L 2m 2  10  10 – 3
1000
= = 250 C/kg
4
141. Answer (4)

The force acting on the charge particle is given by F = q (v  B ). Since the charge is (negative).  the force acts
towards left.  x < 0.

The force F is perpendicular to v . Hence work done by the force is equal to zero. The kinetic energy of the particle
will not charge.
 v = v0.
142. Answer (3)

B at the point P is Y

B = B sin  iˆ – B cos  ĵ P (x, y)
B sin 
y x
= B iˆ – B jˆ   B
x2  y 2 x2  y 2 X
I
B cos 
( yiˆ – xjˆ)  0I ( yiˆ – xˆj )
= B =
x2  y 2 2 ( x 2  y 2 ) x2  y 2
 0I ( yiˆ – xjˆ)
=
2 ( x 2  y 2 )
143. Answer (1)
Let us consider a ring of radius r and width (dr). The charge in the ring is
Q
dQ = × (2r dr)
R 2 R
2Q
 dQ = (r dr)
R2 r dr
Current corresponding to this charge is
dQ 2Q
dI = = 2 (r dr)
T R  2
⎛ 2Q ⎞ 2
The magnetic field at the centre due to this current is dB = 0 ⎜ 2 r dr ⎟ 
⎝ R  2 ⎠ 4 r
R
 0Q  0Q
B=
2R 2 ∫ dr =
0
2 R
144. Answer (2)

The net field at the point P will be the resultant of fields due to two square loops of side L, one lying in x-z plane and
other in y-z plane
Due to one loop
P
4   0I 45°
B = [cos  – cos ( – )], along –y-axis
⎛ L⎞
2  4 ⎜ 2 ⎟ L L
22
⎝ 2⎠ 2
45°
L L
2 2
4   0I ⎡ 1 1 ⎤ ⎡ 2 0I ⎤ 
= ⎢  ⎥ = ⎢ L 3 ⎥
⎛ L ⎞ ⎣ 3 3⎦ ⎣ ⎦
2  4 ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ 2⎠

 Net field B = – B iˆ – B ĵ

For A For B
2R = L 4a = L
L L
R= a=
2 4
0 i ⎡  i ⎛   ⎞⎤
BA  BB  4 ⎢ 0 ⎜ sin  sin ⎟ ⎥
2R ⎣ 4  a / 2 ⎝ 4 4 ⎠⎦
BA 2
Now 
BB 8 2
145. Answer (3)

(i) The angle between v and B is not 0° and . Hence path will not be a straight line.

(ii) The angle between v and B is not . Hence the path will not be a circle.
2

(iii) The angle between v and B is neither 0° nor  nor .  the path of the charge particle will be helical.
2
146. Answer (3)

The direction of velocity is perpendicular to B .
 the path of the charge particle will be circular. The charge on neutron is zero.
 path of neutron will be a straight line.
mv
 also R =
qB
⎛ m⎞ ⎛ m⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ q ⎠ ⎝ q ⎠p
 R > Rp
 B represents -particle-path.
A represents proton path.
2mk
r 
qB
r 2m qp ⎡m  4mp ⎤

  ⎢ ⎥ =1
rp q 2mp ⎣⎢q  2q p ⎦⎥
Mass of electron is least and charge qe = e

So, re < rp = r
147. Answer (1)
The torque acting on the coil is given by  = Ni AB sin 
maximum = Ni AB
 maximum
The  = only when  = 30°.
2

i.e. the angle between B and normal to the plane is 30°. The angle between B and plane of the loop = 60°.
148. Answer (4)
Due to the electric field the speed of the particle increase along the direction of electric field and due to the

component of velocity perpendicular to B , the net motion will be on the helical path.
149. Answer (4)



Force acting on the charge particle is F = q E + q v  B . 

The particle will move with constant velocity only when F = 0.

 E =– v B 



i.e. E is perpendicular to both v and B .
150. Answer (2)

(1) If E and B are parallel to each other and also parallel to v . Then force by B field is zero and force by only due

to E , which is along v and particle will move in a straight line.

(2) If E and B are inclined to each other then force by a component of E is balanced by the force of B field and
particle will move in a straight line.
151. Answer (4)
A charge particle an move on a circular path only when a force acts towards the centre through the motion, which
is not possible.
Y
152. Answer (2) × × × ×
Force acting on the wire will be × × × Q ×
× P × × ×
F = I (PQ  B ) = I (PQ) B0 ĵ
× i × × i ×
= I × 4 × B0 ĵ X
× × × ×
x = –2 x = +2
= 4I B0 ĵ × × × ×
153. Answer (1)

The magnetic field will be maximum at the surface of
the cylindrical wire
⎧  0I r
⎪⎪ 2
,0  r  R B
B = ⎨ I2  R
M
⎪ 0 ,r R r
⎪⎩ 2r
 0I
Bmaximum = ×R R
2 R 2
r
 0I r=R
=
2 R
154. Answer (2)

The one turn will occupy a thickness equal to diameter
 0.2 × 2 mm contains 1 turn
 0.4 mm — 1 turn
1  1000
1000 mm  = 2500 turns
0 .4
 1m contain  2500 turns
 n = 2500 turns/length
B = 0ni = 4 × 10–7 × 2500 × 2 = 2 × 10–3 T
155. Answer (4)
× × × ×
mv × × × ×
R = R
qB
× × × ×
20  10 –3  20 × × × ×
= v
21 × × × ×
= 0.2 m × × × ×
1m
The particle will return back and move in straight line. x=0 x = 1m
156. Answer (1)
 0 i
B1 =
4 b
 0 i
B2 =
4 a
 Net field at O
 0 i ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
B= ⎜ – ⎟
4 ⎝ a b ⎠

Magnetic field due to AB and CD is zero
 I   I 
 Bnet  0   kˆ  0   ( kˆ )
4 a 6 4 b 6
0 ⎧1 1⎫
  I ⎨  ⎬ kˆ
24 ⎩ a b ⎭
0I (b  a ) ˆ
 k
24ab
157. Answer (2)

The magnetic field inside the pipe is zero at all points.
158. Answer (1)
The magnetic field left of the wires and right of the wires will be in the (negative) Y-axis. But between the two wire
the field will be in (positive) Y-axis and will not be zero between the wires. At points close to the wire, the field will
approach large values.

Taking up as positive, in region 1, field will remain negative, and as one moves from – to A, field
increases in magnitude from zero to large value.
(1) A (2) B (3)
I I
As one moves from A to B, field changes sign from positive to negative, becoming zero at mid point. As
one moves in region 3, from B to +, field decreases from a large value to zero.
159. Answer (2)

Work done by E field is
 = qE0 ĵ . (– L iˆ – a ĵ ) = – qE0a
This work done = (K.E.)f – (K.E.)i
 2v 
2
1 ⎛ v0 ⎞ 1 2
 – qE0a = m⎜ ⎟ – m 0
2 ⎝ 2⎠ 2
1 v 02 1
E0 = m – m 2v 02
2 2 2
3
=  mv 02
4
3
| E0 |  mv 02
4
160. Answer (4)

 = B

Here angle between  and B is 0°.
  = 0.
161. Answer (3)

Current in the wire is i =
R
F
lB
Force acting on the wire is F = i
R
This force is opposed by the frictional force.
lB
  mg 
R
lB
 
mg R
lB
 minimum =
mg R
162. Answer (2)

Consider an arc subtending a small angle ‘’ at centre

2T sin = i (r) B
2 T
Since  is very small T cos  /2
 sin  =  r
 i (dl) B
 2 ( r – r  ) ⎛ r – r ⎞
 2T. = i r B Strain = = ⎜⎝ ⎟ 2T sin  /2
2 2r r ⎠
 T = irB Hook’s Law T cos  /2
T irB ir B (r – r ' ) i T
Stress = = =Y
A a 2 a 2
r
ir 2 B
 r – r' =
Ya 2
163. Answer (3)
Time period of the particle is
2 m v0  mv 0
T = q B  Pitch = T  = qB
0 2 0
164. Answer (3)

Consider two strips A and C of the sheet situated symmetrically on the two sides of P. The resultant magnetic field
at P will be parallel to the sheet.
BC
P B
BA
× ×
A C
From the ampere circuital law for the rectangle shown in figure
P B
× × × × × × × × ×
B
l
2Bl = 0 Kl
 0K
 B=
2
165. Answer (1)
 0i
The magnetic field is zero for 0 < r < a. The magnetic field is B = for a < r < b and the magnetic field is B = 0
2 r
for r > b.
166. Answer (1)
From the figure T cos  = mg ....(i)
mv 2
T sin  – q vB = ...(ii)
r
From equation (i) and (ii)
Y P
⎛ mg ⎞
⎜ ⎟ sin  – q Br = mr2
⎝ cos  ⎠
B
2 2 T
r l –r
Put sin  = and cos  =
l l q vB X
r
1
⎡ 2 ⎤2
⎛ T0 ⎞
⎢ ⎜ 2 ⎟ ⎥ mg
r = ⎢⎢l 2 – ⎝ ⎠ ⎥
2⎥
⎢ ⎡⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ qB ⎞ ⎤ ⎥
⎢ ⎢⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟⎥
⎣ ⎢⎣⎝ g T0 ⎠ ⎝ mg ⎠ ⎥⎦ ⎥⎦
167. Answer (3)

Consider an elementary ring of thickness (dr) at a distance r from the centre.
⎛ N ⎞
The number of turns in this element is dN = ⎜ ⎟ dr .
⎝ b – a⎠
Magnetic field due to this element of the centre of the coil is
 0 (dN ) I 0 I N dr
dB = = . .
2r 2r ( b – a ) r
b
 0 NI ⎛ b⎞
 B= ∫ dB
r a
= ln ⎜ ⎟
2 (b – a ) ⎝ a ⎠
168. Answer (4)

The particle will never completes the circular path as shown in figure.
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
169. Answer (1)

Net force acting on the particle is F = q E + q ( v × B )

If F = 0, then E = – ( v × B )

If v = 0, then E must be zero.
170. Answer (2)
0 i 0 i 0 i
B j  j  j ...
2a 4a 6a
0 i ⎛ 1 1 1 ⎞  i
B j ⎜ 1     ...⎟  0 ln  2  j
2a ⎝ 2 3 4 ⎠ 2a
171. Answer (2)
Restoring torque () = –i × r 2 × B sin 


I
 i r 2B sin 
 2
mr2
2i B
 sin 
m
As  is small hence sin = 
2i B
 
m
2i B
Thus  
m
2
T 

m
 T  2
2i B
2m
T 
iB
2  0.1
T 
1  0.1
T  2 s
 
2
m = I(R2), m  2m  I   2R
 R   2R
0I
B1 
2R
0I
B2 
2  2R 
B1
  2
B2
172. Answer (3)
B’ B’
 P 

 a a
a 3 3
a/2
2 3
30°
a/2
a
a/2 a
2 3
Horizontal components will balance and vertical components will be added.

B = 3B'sin
0 i
B3 2sin  sin 
a
4
3
3 3 0i 3 1
B 2 
4a 7 2
9 0 i
B
4 7 a
173. Answer (2)
⎛ ⎞
imax   2   4  2  2  4  cos ⎜ ⎟
2 2
⎝ 6⎠
2 7A
 0 imax
Bmax 
2r
2  10 7  2 7  10
Bmax 
7
 Bmax = 4 T
174. Answer (4)

Fm  B
 ( xiˆ  2 ˆj ).(3iˆ  4 ˆj )  102  0
8
x
3
175. Answer (2)
It will cover angle 2 before coming out.
176. Answer (3)

Fnet  3i  2 2  B 
 332 2 2N
177. Answer (1)

178. Answer (4)
0 ⎡ 1 1 ⎤
B i ⎢  ⎥  sin 45  sin 45 
4 ⎣ r1 r2 ⎦
⎡ 1 1 ⎤
 10 7  2 ⎢  ⎥ 2  2  106 T
⎣ 0.050 0.10 ⎦
179. Answer (3)

∫ B.d   i 0
3.83  107
i = 0.3 A
0
180. Answer (2)
107  4  106  2  105  sin90

B1 
(0.3)2
8 8
  10 7 =  10 6 T
0.9 9
107  1.5  106  8  105

B2 
(0.4)2
12
  106
16
B = B1 + B2
= 1.6 × 10–6 T
181. Answer (2)
0 i1i 2
Initially Fm = mg   mg ...(i)
2 r0
0 ii
Fm' = . 12 ...(ii)
2 (r0  x )
 Restoring force.
Fx = Fm'  mg
0 ⎡ 1 1⎤
= i1i 2 ⎢  ⎥
2 ⎣ r0  x r0 ⎦
0 ii x
= . 12
2 r0 (r0  x )
If x is very small
⎛ 0 i1i 2 ⎞
Fx = ⎜⎜ 2 . 2 ⎟⎟ .x
⎝ r0 ⎠
m
T = 2
k
0 i1i 2 1
 
2 r0 g
= 2
0 i1i 2

2 r02
r0 0.01
= 2 = 2
g 10
= 0.2 s
182. Answer (3)
10  103  10 7 i2
= 2  10 
100 1.0
104
i2 =
2
100
i= A = 50  2 A
2
183. Answer (1)
184. Answer (2)
N a T
qvB
A T B a
mg mg
N + q v B = mg
Block will loose contact when N = 0
 q v B = mg
mg
v
qB
mg – T = ma ...(i)
T = ma ...(ii)
Adding both equation, we get mg = 2ma
g
 a
2
Now, v = u + at
mg g
 0  t  t  2m
qB 2 qB
185. Answer (1)

Pole strength does not depend on length of magnet. When if a magnet is cut into two equal parts such that cross-
section remains unchanged but length halves, then each part is a magnet of pole-strength equal to the pole-
strength of original magnet.
186. Answer (4)
2 2
M= M1  M 2  2M1M 2 cos 
= M 2  M 2  2 M  M  cos 
1
 cos  = 
2
  = 120°
187. Answer (4)
By the use of magnetic keepers, the self-demagnetisation of magnets is prevented.
188. Answer (2)
Resultant magnetic dipole moment = 2 M and it is making an angle 45° with the positive x-direction. So, point
P is in end-on position.
 0 2 ( 2M )
 B=
4 r3
189. Answer (2)
Bar magnet is subjected to the earth’s horizontal component of magnetic field which may be treated uniform over
the dimension of the magnet. A magnetic dipole experiences only a torque and no net force in the uniform
magnetic field. So, it can only rotate.
190. Answer (3)
Magnetic field due to a bar magnet is non-uniform. In a non-uniform magnetic field a magnetic dipole experiences
a force as well as a torque. So, it translates as well as rotates.
191. Answer (4)
U = – MB cos 
 = MB sin 
dU
= MB sin 
d
 when torque is maximum, rate of change of potential energy with deflection is also maximum.
192. Answer (3)
At  = 90°,  = MB sin  0. So, there is no equilibrium at  = 90°.
At  = 0°, U = –MB cos . Potential energy is minimum. So,  = 0° is a position of stable equilibrium.
At  = 180°, potential energy is maximum. So  = 180° is a position of unstable equilibrium.
193. Answer (3)
P point is a broad-side-on point for both magnets and it is symmetrically located with respect to both magnets.
Direction of magnetic fields at P due to both magnets is same.
0 Μ 0 Μ
B =  + 
4 r 23 4 r 23
4 0 M
= 
 r3
194. Answer (1)
Point O is symmetrically located with respect to all bar magnets. Further, point O is a broad-side-on point for all
magnets. So, all magnets will contribute same magnitude of magnetic field at O. But the contributions of any two
diagonally opposite magnets are opposite in direction. So, net magnetic field at O is zero.

Bnet = B1 + B2 + BH N S
⎛ ⎞ M 1.20 South B1 + B2 + BH
B1  ⎜ 0 ⎟  3 = 10 7  = 1.2 × 10–4 T
⎝ 4  ⎠ r 10 3
N S
B2 = 1 × 10–4 T, BH = 3.6 × 10–5 T
Bnet = 2.56 × 10–4 T
195. Answer (4)

From the figure, we can conclude that cancellation of magnetic field is possible on the perpendicular bisector of
magnet on both sides at symmetrically located points. At neutral points,
0 M
 y
4  r 3 = BH
4 N
(10–7) × 3 = 0.4 × 10–4 O x
r
S
4  10 7 1 BH BH
 r3 = =
0.4  10  4 100
 r = 21.5 cm
196. Answer (2)
 = I
So, angular acceleration is maximum when torque is maximum.
 = MBH · sin 

Torque is maximum when BH and M are mutually perpendicular.

 BH makes an angle of 30° with geographical meridian.
 declination = 30°.
197. Answer (1)
U = –MBH cos  North

Potential energy is maximum when M and BH are mutually opposite. 20°
East
70°
So, BH should be opposite to M i.e. BH is 20° west of north.
M
 Declination = 20°
198. Answer (4)
Component of BH in the plane of dip circle, BH = BH cos 90° = 0
⎛B ⎞
apparent dip, = tan–1 ⎜⎜ V ⎟⎟ = tan–1 () = 90°
⎝ BH ⎠
199. Answer (1)

BV tan 
If is apparent dip, then tan  = =
BH cos  cos 
where  is real dip and  is declination.
tan  ½ 3
 cos  = = =
tan  1 2
3
  = 30°
200. Answer (4)
I
T = 2
MBH
2
4  I 4  10  10 5
 BH = 2 = = 0.4 × 10–5 T
MT 1 10
BH
cos 60° =
B
BH
 B= = 2BH = 0.8 × 10–5 T
cos 60
201. Answer (1)
⎛m⎞ M
M = ⎜ ⎟ (2l ) = ml =
⎝2⎠ 2
i.e. Dipole moment halves.
1 ⎛ mass ⎞ I
I = · ⎜ ⎟  (2l )2 =
12 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 2
i.e. Moment of inertia also halves.
T= 2
I
= 2
I 2 = 2
I
=T
M B M 2 B MB
i.e. time-period remains unchanged.
202. Answer (1)
M= 2 (m × l) = 2 ml = M
⎡ 1 ⎛ mass ⎞ 2 ⎤
I = ⎢ ⎜ ⎟·l ⎥2
⎣ 12 ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎦
1
I= × (mass) × (2l)2
12
I
 I=
4
I
T = 2
MB
T I Μ 1 1
 =  = 1 =
T Ι M 4 2
T 2
 T= = = 1 s.
2 2
203. Answer (3)
M
Dipole moment of each part, M=
2
2 2
⎛M ⎞ ⎛M ⎞ M M 3
Dipole moment of assembly, M= ⎜ ⎟  ⎜ ⎟  2    cos 60 = M
⎝2⎠ ⎝2⎠ 2 2 2
I
Moment of inertia of each part, I =
2
Moment of inertia of assembly, I = 2I = I
Μ 2
New time of period = T  =4×  4.3 s.
Μ 3
204. Answer (1)
I I
T = 2 = 2
MBH MB cos 
TQ BP cos 60
 =
TP BQ cos 30
2
P BP 1
or, 2 = 
Q BQ 3
2
BP ⎛ 10 ⎞ 3
 = 3 ⎜ ⎟ =
BQ ⎝ 20 ⎠ 4
205. Answer (1)

Helium is a diamagnetic substance. In the atoms of diamagnetic substances, spins are paired. Hence, atoms do
not have any permanent magnetic moment.
206. Answer (2)
Mercury is a diamagnetic substance. Hence it is repelled in the magnetic field. So, it accumulates in the middle
of the watch-glass.
207. Answer (2)
For a ferro-magnetic substance,
1
m 
T  C
where, C is curie-temperature.
208. Answer (4)
In the case of ferro-magnetic substances, I is very large, positive and varies non-linearly with H. However, in each
case it attains a saturation value.
209. Answer (2)
Steel has large retentivity, large coercivity and large hysteresis loss. So, it is difficult to demagnetise it. Hence it
is suitable to make permanent magnets.
I 7.5  10 –6 2
T = 2π = 2π =  1.06
MB 6.7  10 –2
 0.01 10
For 10 oscillations,
t = 10T = 2π × 1.06
= 6.6568 ≈ 6.65 s
210. Answer (2)

Transformers are used in ac-circuits where there is magnetisation and demagnetisation at high frequency. Soft
iron has small retentivity, small coercivity and small hysteresis-loss.
211. Answer (4)
Super conductors behave like perfectly diamagnetic materials. It strongly repels the magnet. The repulsion due
to ordinary magnetic substance is too weak, to levitate the magnet.
212. Answer (4)
Dip angle in the magnetic meridian is the actual dip ().
∵ cot2  = cot2 1 + cot2 2
= ( 3 )2 + (1)2
 = cot–1 (2)
213. Answer (2)
∵ tan  = 2 tan 
where is the magnetic latitude and  is the dip angle.
2 = 2 tan 
 = 45°
214. Answer (2)
I
∵ m =
H
and = 0 (1 + m)
⎛ I ⎞
 = 0 ⎜1  ⎟
⎝ H⎠

B = 0 n i
B
 ni
0
NI 100  i
3  103  
L 10  10 2
I = 3 A.
215. Answer (1)

For diamagnetic substances magnetic susceptibility is negative and small (of the order of –10–5).
216. Answer (2)
– +10 to +10 and r = 1 + m
Since m ~ –3 –5
Relative permeability is slightly greater than one.

217. Answer (4)
For a ferromagnetic substance, xm is large and positive.
218. Answer (4)
In the presence of strong magnetising field domain growth occurs through domain rotation, while in the presence
of weak magnetising field domain growth occurs through wall displacement.
219. Answer (4)
Resultant magnetic moment = M 2  M 2  2M 2 cos120º = M

Thus the net magnetic moment is M towards left hence magnetic field at P will be
 0 2M
B
4 d 3
220. Answer (3)
30°
0 M S
Here  0.5 Magnetic
4 R 3 Equator
N
 M
B  0 3 1  3 cos2 
4 R
0 M 3
B 1 3 
4 R 3 4
13
B  0.5  ,  B  0.25 13 gauss
4
221. Answer (2)
If  = apparent angle of dip
V cos30o
then tan  
H
V 3
tan  
H 2
1
Given tan  
2
1 V 3
 
2 H 2
V 1
 
H 3
If  = True angle of dip
V
then tan      30o
H
222. Answer (3)

k × 90 = MB sin 30
k × ( – 90) = MB sin 90
  90
2,  = 270°
90
223. Answer (3)
Net magnetic moment can be obtained by vector addition of the individual moments.
2M 2M sin 60°
2M cos 60° 60°

3M 60°
3M cos 60° 2 M
t
ne
M
3 M
2
3M 3M sin 60°
2 2
⎛ 3M ⎞ ⎛ 3M⎞
Mnet  ⎜ ⎟ ⎜  3M
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
224. Answer (3)

Factual
225. Answer (2)
Factual
226. Answer (1)
From Lentz’s law, induced current opposes the increasing flux.
227. Answer (1)
The anticlockwise current produces outward field in the inner loop and inward field on the outer loop. The increase
in current will increase the field, so the induced currents will oppose the fields.
228. Answer (1)
P = Vi
50 × 103 = 300 × i
500
i  A
3
(500 )2
Loss = i 2R =  1.8 = 250000 × 0.2 = 50 kW
9
229. Answer (1)
The back emf is due to induced emf generated by rotating coil. The induced emf is directly proportional to speed.
230. Answer (3)
d B d (B.A.cos )
From Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction    
dt dt
231. Answer (2)

Higher potential in the direction of v  B i.e. towards right.
232. Answer (3)
20
  Bv  l  (3T )  (10 sin 30)  3V
100
By Flemming’s left hand rule, positive charge in the rod will experience force towards lower end.
233. Answer (4)
The ideal inductor acts like a zero resistance path in parallel with it. So, finally the current through the bulb is
zero.
234. Answer (4)
 (12  2)  0.5
emf    25 volt
t 0 .2
V2 25  25
Heat generated = t   0.2  25 J
R 5
235. Answer (2)
di
|| L
dt
⎛ 2A ⎞
10 = L × ⎜ ⎟
⎝ s ⎠
 L = 5H
1 2 1
Energy U = Li   5  2 2  10 J
2 2
236. Answer (2)
Line power loss = i2R
P
Now, i 
V
1
 loss 
V2
2
Final Power loss ⎛⎜ 5  10 2 ⎞
  ⎟  10  4
Initial Power loss ⎜⎝ 50  10 3 ⎟
⎠
237. Answer (4)

For induced currents by time-varying magnetic field, potential difference is not defined.
238. Answer (1)

Here, total number of turns remain same
 0N 2 A
L   0 n 2 Al 
l
1 L l
 L ⇒ 
l L l
So, decreases by 1%
239. Answer (3)
di
V  iR  L = (2.0) (5.0) (100 × 10–3) × 20 = 12 V
dt
240. Answer (1)
Just after opening the switch the current in inductor is same as its value just before opening the switch. Since,
previously the switch has been closed for a long time, the inductor acts like a zero resistance path, so current is

i 
R

Applying Kirchhoff's law in closed loop, –VR – VC = 0
 VR/VC = –1
Note : The sense of voltage drop has not been defined. The answer could have been 1.
t 1103
 L 15  1/ 5 103
I  I0 e ,    e  0.67 mA
R 150
241. Answer (4)

The emf induced will depend on vertical component
4 ⎛ 180  5 ⎞
So,   (BV )vl  0.4  10  sin 30  ⎜ ⎟  (10 )  1 mV
⎝ 18 ⎠

 = Bvl
= 5.0 × 10–5 × 2 × 1.50
= 15 × 10–5 = 0.15 mV
242. Answer (1)

The net flux at any instant is  = (–B1 × 0.1 + B2 × 0.1)cost
= (0.1 wb)cost
1 d (0.1  2  60 ) sin(120 t )
|i | 
R dt ( 2 .0 )
243. Answer (4)
As the current is decreasing induced current in the ring will be clockwise when seen from above. Consider two
diametrically opposite current elements on the ring.
F
F (along idl × B)
B B
So, net force on the ring is down, and its component tries to expand the ring.
244. Answer (1)
  200  10 4  100  100  10 4

 av   t    0 .2 s
t  0.1
245. Answer (4)
The magnetic field is outward and decreasing with time. So current will be in anticlockwise sense as seen by the
reader.
246. Answer (3)
1 d 1 dB ⎛ 1 ⎞
i   A ⎜  ⎟  (25  10  4 m 2 )  20  (1000 T/s ) = 0.5 A
R dt R dt ⎝ 100 ⎠
247. Answer (2)
Self inductance L  n2l
L
 8
L
248. Answer (4)
As the loop moves, no flux change occurs. So, no current, force or torque is developed.
249. Answer (2)
1 2
From U  Li
2
Energy
L
(Current) 2
 L = [ML2T–2A–2]
250. Answer (1)
A = L2
A = v2t2
 = BA = Bv2t2
d
or  2Bv 2t
dt
d
 = 2 × 8.0 × (4.0)2 × 0.10 = 25.6 volt
dt
1 d
i   2.56 A
R dt
251. Answer (3)

L  N2
2
L ⎛ 500 ⎞ 25
 ⎜ ⎟ ⇒ L  108   75 mH
L ⎝ 600 ⎠ 36
252. Answer (4)
The induced current would repel the incoming north-pole. It will be anticlockwise, so that it itself acts like a N-
pole.
253. Answer (4)
The induced voltage is of the form
 = 0sint
Mean value of such voltage is zero
254. Answer (2)
q = q0 cost
dq
i= = – q0sint
dt
255. Answer (2)
As the current flows away from positive plate, the charge on the plates is decreasing. So, energy in capacitor is
decreasing. This implies that energy in the inductor is increasing. Hence, charge Q decreases, while I increases.
256. Answer (4)
di
M
dt
4
40000 = M 
10  10 6
 M = 0.1 H
257. Answer (1)
1 2 1
Li  CV 2
2 2
Li 2 L 2
V= = i = 2.0
C C 4  106
= 2  103 Volt
 103 V
258. Answer (4)
A leclanche cell is source of constant voltage. So, output across secondary will be zero.
259. Answer (2)
The electric field is the induced electric field. The electric field acts to increase the current I. So, it must have
been generated by the decrease in current I.
260. Answer (2)
Factual.
261. Answer (4)
Using    L di
dt
(emf)  dt volt  second
L , So unit is
di ampere
262. Answer (4)
di
∵  in  L
dt
263. Answer (4)
∵ M2 = kL1L2 where k is coefficient of coupling and value be 0  k  1
 M2  L1L2
M L1L2
264. Answer (4)
B Wb Ldi
Since L   and   
I A dt
 dt Vs
 L  
di di A
dt
1 2 J
And energy = LI ⇒ L  2
2 A
265. Answer (2)
 2  1000  0.6  10 4  0.05

 av   = 0.06 V
t 0.1
266. Answer (1)
di ⎡ di ⎤
  L  5  ( 2)  10 V  ⎢  2 A/s ⎥
dt ⎣ dt ⎦
267. Answer (2)

  B.A
 = BAcos30°
1  ⎛ 1 ⎞ [(5T )  (10  10 2 )2  (1T )    (10  10 2 )] cos 30  15

i  ⎜ ⎟ = 0.011 A
R t ⎝ 15 ⎠ 10s
268. Answer (2)
At t = RCln2
 ⎡   t / RC ⎤
iCR 
2R ⎢∵ iCR  R e  ⎥
⎣ ⎦
 ⎛⎜ ⎞
t

Also i LR  1  e L/R ⎟
R ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
L 
Now, when R  , i LR  iCR 
C 2R
269. Answer (1)

∵ vL + vR = 0
 vL = – vR  |vL| = |vR|
270. Answer (2)
t
E⎛  ⎞ E
∵ i ⎜1  e L /R ⎟ , Lmax  [at t = ]
R⎜ ⎟ R
⎝ ⎠
271. Answer (3)
As the outward field increases the flux through the closed part increases. The rod moves so as to decrease the
flux. Now,  = BA.
As B is increasing, to keep flux same, A will decrease. The force on the rod is Bil. As B varies with time speed
is variable.
272. Answer (3)

  B.A = (kt)(r0t)2
 = kr0t3
d
 3kr0 t 2
dt
 t 2

d
ε=
dt
d
iR =
dt
∫ d   R ∫ idt
Magnitude of change in flux = R × area under current versus time graph
1 1
= 100 × × × 10 = 250 Wb
2 2
273. Answer (3)

1 2
U Li
2
dU Lidi

dt dt
t
dU 
i 0 1/ 
or  Li 0 (1  e ) e
dt 
dU Li 02 t / 
  (e  e 2t /  )
dt 
dU
At t = 0, y =0
dt
dU
As t , y =0
dt
dU
Somewhere in-between  y attains a maxima
dt
So, correct graph is (3)
274. Answer (3)
In the branch containing inductor, current will not rise suddenly, so, B1 glows later.
Final current in the branch containing inductor is more as its resistance is less. At steady state inductor does not
offer any opposition.
275. Answer (4)
Let the bar has moved through a distance x and its speed is v.
dx
v 
dt
⎛ B ⎞
  BA  ⎜⎜ 0 ⎟⎟ b(a  x )
⎝ 1  kt ⎠
d
Now 0
dt
⎛ dx ⎞
(1  kt ) ⎜ ⎟  (a  x )(k )
 ⎝ dt ⎠ =0
(1  kt )2
dx (a  x )k

dt (1  kt )
x t
dx kdt
∫
0
ax
 ∫ 1  kt
0
⎛a  x ⎞
ln⎜ ⎟  ln(1  kt )
⎝ a ⎠
x
1  1  kt
a
x = akt
dx
 ak
dt
 v = ak
276. Answer (2)
When the switch is shifted to position 1, current starts from an initial value and decays exponentially. When the
switch is shifted to position 2, L-C oscillations will occur. But the current in the inductor will rise from zero at this
moment.
277. Answer (2)
q0  (106 )(50)  5  105 C
1 1
   104 rad/s
LC 10 2
 10 6
q  q0 cos t
i  (q0 )sin t
i0  q0   5  105  104 A = 0.5 A
278. Answer (1)
Q 30  10 6 6
Q  CV ⇒ V    V
C 25  10 6 5
Ldi
Now, V 
dt
6 di
  0.60 
5 dt
di
 2.0 A/s
dt
279. Answer (3)
1 2 1
The capacitor must be able to store the energy of the inductor. So, Li  CV 2
2 2
Li 2 (1H )(2 A)2

 C 2
  25 F
V ( 400)2
280. Answer (4)
–
R/2  R/2
+
 = Bv(2r)
  4 8Bvr
i    
Req (R / 4 ) R R
281. Answer (1)
1 1
XC  ⇒C 
C XC 
1 1
  F
2  2  50 200 
282. Answer (4)
v0
i0 = current amplitude =
2
⎛ 1 ⎞
R 2  ⎜ L  ⎟
⎝ C⎠
 Amplitude of potential difference across capacitor is

= i0XC
i0 v0
= 
C 2
⎛ 2 1 ⎞
C R  ⎜ L  ⎟
⎝ C⎠
283. Answer (2)
Since vL and vC are in opposite phase
 Amplitude of the voltage of source is v 0  v R2  (v L  v C )2

284. Answer (3)
T /4
∫ i dt ∫ sin t dt
i0
0
Average current, i   T /4
∫ dt ∫ dt 0
i0 4i ⎡ ⎛ 2 T ⎞ ⎤ 4i 2i
 i 
T
 cos t  0
T /4
 0 ⎢ cos⎜
T ⎣
 ⎟  cos 0⎥  0  ( 0  1)  0
2 
⎝ T 4⎠ ⎦
4
285. Answer (3)
Vs  (40)2  (50  20)2  50 V

286. Answer (1)
T
v0 v2
∫
2
For saw toothed AC, v  t ⇒ v rms  02 t 2dt
T T 0
Peak value of voltage   3   r.m.s. value of voltage 

287. Answer (2)
2E0
Em 

E0
Erms 
2
Emean 2 2

Erms 
288. Answer (1)
Average power = P0
v0
r.m.s. voltage =
2
i0
r.m.s. current =
2
Phase difference between current and voltage = 
we know that
v0 i0
P0   cos 
2 2
2P0
i 0 cos  
v0
The component of i0 in phase with v is i0cos
289. Answer (3)

Reactance of inductor, XL = L.
graph between XL and  will be a straight line passing through the origin.
290. Answer (3)
In series L.C.R. circuit, at resonance
1
L  ⇒ L  X L  0
C
1
 XC  0
C
1
Reactance of the circuit X = XL – XC = L  =0
C
v0
Current amplitude is maximum at resonance and is i max  .
R
291. Answer (3)
1
xc 
c
xC

292. Answer (1)
1
If the resonance frequency is  then L 
C
1 1
   rad/s = 1000 radian/s
LC 2  0.5  10 6
293. Answer (3)

The phase difference between voltage across R and across L is .
2

Current will be in the form of
I = I0 sin (t – )
Graph will be sinusoidal
294. Answer (4)

An A.C. changes its magnitude and direction both periodically.
295. Answer (3)
R
Power factor cos  
Z
If Z = R
cos = 1
 For pure resistor
296. Answer (4)
⎡ ⎛ ⎞ ⎤
2
⎢ 2 ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎢⎛⎜ 1 ⎞⎟  ⎜ 1  1 ⎟ ⎥
2 2
⎛v ⎞ ⎛v v ⎞  v0
i 0  ⎜ 0 ⎟  ⎜⎜ 0  0 ⎟⎟ ⎢⎝ R ⎠ ⎜ R 3R ⎟ ⎥
R
⎝ ⎠ X
⎝ L X C ⎠ ⎢ ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎣ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎦
2
1 ⎛2 1 ⎞ 1 25 34
 v0 ⎜  ⎟  v0 2
  v0
R 2 ⎝ R 3R ⎠ R 9R 2 3R
put R = 2XL
XC
put R 
3
297. Answer (4)
Average power is defined as
v0 i0
P  cos 
2 2
(cos) is called power factor.
At resonance  = 0  cos = 1
Also, heat is produced in resistor only
 Heat produced in the inductor is equal to zero.
298. Answer (1)
Given
v0
v  v 0 sin t  cos t
2
2
⎛v ⎞ ⎧ v0 v0 ⎫
= v 02  ⎜ 0 ⎟ ⎪ sin t  cos t ⎪
2
⎝ ⎠ ⎨ 2 2
⎬
2 ⎛ v0 ⎞ ⎛v ⎞
⎪ v0  ⎜ ⎟ 2 v 02  ⎜ 0 ⎟ ⎪
⎩ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎭
v0
Let  cos  , then
2
⎛v ⎞
v 02  ⎜ 0 ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠
v0
 sin
2
⎛v ⎞
2 v 02  ⎜ 0 ⎟
⎝2⎠
2
⎛v ⎞
 v  v 02  ⎜ 0 ⎟ sin( t   )
⎝ 2 ⎠
v 02 5 v0
 Peak value of v  v 02  
4 2
5 v0  5 v0
 peak value of current =
2z 2  L  R2
2 2
299. Answer (1)
Peak current i 0  (7)2  ( 15 )2
 49  15
 64
=8A
 peak voltage = 8 × 5
= 40 V
300. Answer (2)
Choke coil is L-R-circuit with R << L.
R ⎛ R ⎞
 cos   ~⎜ ⎟
(L )2  R 2 ⎝ L ⎠
301. Answer (3)

LC = constant
L
 L should be changed to
4
302. Answer (2)
3 3
cos     0.6
2
3 4 2 5
303. Answer (1)

Because choke coil consumes very less power due to its high inductance and low resistance.
304. Answer (1)
Here,
i = 5sin(2t)
radian
 =2
second
 2
 2 ⇒ T    3.14 s
T
given time interval is t = 0 to t = 17.27 s.
T
 17.27  5T 
2
3.14
 5  3.14 
2
= 15.70 + 1.57
= 17.27 s
 Total charge flow in 5T = 15.70 s is equal to Zero
T
2
 Total charge flow = ∫ i dt
0
T
5⎡ ⎤2 5⎡ T ⎤
 ⎢ cos 2t ⎥  ⎢ cos 2   cos 0⎥
2⎢ ⎥ 2⎣ 2 ⎦
⎣ ⎦0
5
 [1  1] = 5 C
2
305. Answer (4)
A hot wire ammeter is based on heating effect, which is shown by both A.C. as well as D.C.
306. Answer (3)
v0 i0
Average power =  cos 
2 2
100 5  500
   cos   125 W
2 2 3 4
0
Quality factor, Q 
(2)
0 L
Q
R
307. Answer (2)

In resonance R = Z
0
308. Answer (3)
A choke coil has high inductance and low resistance, So as to consume least power.
309. Answer (1)
The voltage across L = 200 V
and voltage across C = 200 V
 the circuit is at resonance
Hence, reading of voltmeter = 200 V
200
Reading of ammeter  8A
25

Pav = Erms Irms cos
100 20 1 1000
   
2 2 2 2
20 1
iwattless = irms sin     10
2 2
310. Answer (4)
⎛ L ⎞ 100  1
Quality factor  ⎜ ⎟ = 20
⎝ R ⎠ 5
311. Answer (4)
Power remains same
Pin  Pout  P
312. Answer (2)

Due to the varying magnetic field flux through secondary coil changes and emf is induced.
313. Answer (1)
If x = Portion of loop inside the field, then induced e.m.f.
2 x tan30o dx
e  B
dt
2
e B xv
3
4B 2 x 2v 2
 Heat produced = ∫ 3R
dt
3a
4B 2v
∫
2
 x 2 dx [v dt = dx]
3R 0
3a
4B 2v ⎡ x 3 ⎤ 2
 ⎢ ⎥
3 R ⎣ 3 ⎦0
4B 2v 3 3 a3
 
9R 8
3 B 2 a 3v

6R
314. Answer (2)

The case is equivalent to the following
x dx
a L
0 i
d  Ldx
2 x
 0 iL aL
∫
dx

2 a x
0 i L ⎛ a  L ⎞
 ln ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎝ a ⎠
0 i L ⎛ L ⎞
 ln ⎜ 1  ⎟
2 ⎝ a ⎠
315. Answer (3)

mg – T = ma ... (i)
T = iBl cos 
vBl cos 
T  Bl cos 
R
vB 2 l 2 cos2 
T  ... (ii)
R
From (i) and (ii)
vB 2 l 2 cos2 
mg   ma
R
vB 2 l 2 cos2 
ag
mR
when v = vT; a=0
mgR
 vT 
B l cos2 
2 2
316. Answer (3)

At t = 0.1 ln (2)
i0 
100
5

1 e

0.1 ln  2
0.1 ,i 0 = 10 A
After opening S2,
E
i  i 0 e  Rt / L  1  e  Rt / L 
R
Now t = 0 is taken at t = 0.1 ln (2) s. Using above relation
67
i A
16
317. Answer (3)

XL
tan60o  , XL  3 R
R
XC R
tan30o  , XC 
R 3
E 200 3
i  4 A
7
R 2   X L  XC   502   502 4
2
3
318. Answer (4)
Factual knowledge.
319. Answer (4)
Factual knowledge.
320. Answer (1)
In the circuit shown in figure. The conduction current is from M to T but between the plates of the capacitor
conduction current is zero. Hence conduction current is not continuous.
T
S
C
R
N M 
From M to T displacement current is zero. The sum of conduction current and displacement current is (Id +
Ic) = (0 + Ic). Between the plates of the capacitor Ic = 0
 Id + Ic = Id
Since magnitude of Ic = magnitude of Id.
 (Ic + Id) remains continuous.
321. Answer (3)
Magnetic lines of force will never be open loop. Hence, option (3) is wrong.
 A charge in rest produce only electrostatic field.
 A charge in motion with constant speed produces both electric and magnetic field but this field does not
change at a point with time.
 An accelerated charge produces both electric and magnetic field but this fields changes with time at a
point and this changing field oscillates perpendicular to each other to produce electromagnetic wave.
322. Answer (1)
⎡  ⎤
The given electric field is E  E 0 sin ⎢t  x .
⎣ 2a ⎥⎦
The frequency of oscillation of energy = 2 × frequency of oscillation of E.
1
 2 = 1 Hz
2
323. Answer (4)
E0 20
B0   8
 6.67  10 – 8 T
C 3  10
E
 c  E = cB = 3 × 108 × 20 × 10–9 = 6 V/m
B
324. Answer (4)

E = E0sin(t – kx)
E0
B0  sin( t  kx )
C
1 1
Energy density of electric field  0 E 2   0 E 02 sin 2 (t  kx )
2 2
1 2 1 E 02
Energy density of magnetic field  B  sin2 (t  kx )
20 2 0 C 2
Average value of sin and cos = 0

1
Average value of sin2 and cos2 =
2
1 2
Average energy density of the electric field   0E0
4
1 E 02 1 E 02 1
Average energy density of magnetic field   c2     0 E02
4 0 4 1 4
0
00

Energy is equally divided between electric and magnetic field.
⎡ ⎛z ⎞⎤
E1  E01xˆ cos ⎢ 2 ⎜ – t ⎟ ⎥ air
⎣ ⎝ c ⎠⎦

E2  E02 xˆ cos ⎡⎣ k  2z – ct  ⎤⎦ medium
During refraction, frequency remains unchanged, whereas wavelength gets changed.
 k' = 2k (From equations)
2 ⎛ 2 ⎞
  2⎜ ⎟
' ⎝ 0 ⎠
0
 ' 
2
c
 v
2
1 1 1
  
0  2 2 0 1
1 1
 
2 4
325. Answer (1)

1
Average energy density of the electric field   0 E 02
4
1
  8.85  10 –12  (CB0 )2
4
2
1 ⎛ 10 ⎞
  8.85  10 –12  ⎜ 3  10 8   10 – 8 ⎟
4 ⎝ 3 ⎠
 2.21 10 –10 J/m3

326. Answer (2)
0CE 2 = Intensity = poynting vector
327. Answer (4)
d E d dE
ID  0  0 (EA )   0 A
dt dt dt
C2
 8.85  10 –12  2  10 – 4 m 2  1.5  10 6 V/ms
N.m 2
= 2.655 × 10–9 A
328. Answer (3)
The field due to current (either conventional or displacement) is normal to the direction of current.
329. Answer (1)
c0
cm 
R.I
c0

r r
3  108
 8
2  3  0.5  10 m/s
330. Answer (2)
0
Impedance of free space is   377 
0
331. Answer (2)

Since the temperature of Earth is low. Hence the radiation emitted by Earth has large wavelength as
mT = constant.
332. Answer (4)
-ray, X-ray, UV, V, I, B, G, Y, O, R infrared, microwave, radiowave. Frequency decreases from left to right.
333. Answer (3)
Microwave can move as a parallel beam and it also does not bend at the corner of an obstacle as radiowave.
Hence it is used in telecommunication.
334. Answer (4)
Ionosphere reflects the radiowave and this reflected wave is called sky wave which is responsible for radio
transmission.
335. Answer (1)
d  2Rh
where, d = radius, R = radius of Earth, h = height

(96 × 103m)2 = 2 × 6400 × 103 × h
 h = 720 m
336. Answer (4)
Total power incident
P = Flux × Area
= 2 × 103 × 200
= 4 × 105 W
337. Answer (2)
Radiation force on the mirror
IA
F 2
C
2  10  50  10 –4
 N
3  10 8
25
  10 –10 N
3
= 3.33 × 10–10 N
338. Answer (3)
1
I  0 E 02 C
2
 2I
E0 
 0C
 E0 = 200 N/C
339. Answer (1)
1 1 1
Average energy density = uav  0 E02    75  75
2 2 4  9  109
 Energy stored in cylinder = U = uav × volume
625
U 1
8  109
 U = 25 nanojoule
340. Answer (4)
2P
If P = power then F =
c
2P
 a=
mc
v = u + at
2Pt
 v=
mc
 2 × 50 ×106 × 3
v= ⇒ v = 100 m/s
10−2 × 3 ×108
341. Answer (2)

As equation is of the form
⎛ x⎞
y = f ⎜t  ⎟
⎝ c⎠
the wave propagates in – x direction.

342. Answer (4)
2 2
E E
r ms 0
S = ⇒S =
av μ c av 2μ c
0 0
Now, E0 = B0c
2
B
 S = 0
c
av 2µ
0
−18
25 ×10 8
S = −7
× 3 ×10
av
9 × 2 × 4π×10
= 3.3 × 10–4 W/m2
343. Answer (2)
Polarisation is shown only by transverse waves.


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Electromagnetism UNIT 4

Section - A : Straight Objective Type

2a. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2018]

⎡ 4a2 4b 2 4c 2 ⎤

kp sin  16kp cos 

Let x = rtan ...(i)

12. Answer (3)

15a. Answer (1) [JEE (Main)-2018]

21. Answer (1)

22. Answer (1)

22a. Answer (3) (AIEEE 2010)

22b. Answer (4) [JEE (Main)-2016]

q  4A ∫ rdr  2A[r 2  a 2 ]

23. Answer (2)

Combining these two graph we get the result.

23a. Answer (2) (AIEEE 2012)

24. Answer (1)

This is in the form of

Hence the graph is a parabola

Combining these two graph, we get the result.

For only x-component of force to be zero, y = 0.

28. Answer (2)

29. Answer (1)

(Note that 3 F capacitor is shorted and stores no charge)

32. Answer (2)

34. Answer (2)

Planar equipotential surfaces

35. Answer (4)

38a. Answer (1) [JEE (Main)-2015]

39. Answer (4)

41. Answer (1)

42. Answer (1)

44. Answer (4)

= –pE cos 180° = pE = maximum

 4 [(x + 1.5d)2 + y2] = (x – 1.5d)2 + y2

48. Answer (4)

48a. Answer (1) [JEE (Main)-2014]

49. Answer (3)

52. Answer (1)

= (ql  ql cos 60)iˆ  ql sin 60 ˆj 60°

55. Answer (3)

55a. Answer (1) y [JEE (Main)-2017]

57a. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2014]

VA  VO  [10 x 3 ]02  80 J

58. Answer (3)

62. Answer (1)

C1V1  C2V2  C3V3  C 4V4

63. Answer (2)

71. Answer (2)

73a. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2016]

73b. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2016]

74a. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2017]

75. Answer (1)

Now if load resistance is changed, R = 3r

81a. Answer (3) 6V [JEE (Main)-2015]

81b. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2017]

82. Answer (4) B

This is a balanced Wheatstone-Bridge. O 5R A

86. Answer (4)

87a. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2016]

To get maximum heat generation from r

88. Answer (2)

When two coils are switched on,

90. Answer (3)