Michael Vince

acmillan
nglish
rammar
In Context

Advanced
with key
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Macmillan Education
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ISBN 978-1-40S0-70S2-2 (with key edition)

ISBN 978-1-4050-7147-5 (without key edition)
Text © Michael Vince 2008
Design and illustration © Macmillan Publishers Limited 2008

First published 2008

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Cover design by Katie Stephens
Cover photographs by Alamy/Bailey-Cooper Photography, Image Source, Photodisc, Stockbyte

I would like to thank Carl Robinson, Amanda Holmbrook and Sarah Curtis for their support and help during this
project. Special thanks are due to my editor Clare Shaw. I would also like to thank the many teachers whose classes I
have visited, and who have commented on versions of this book.

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Introduction
This bo ok is designed to revise and consolidate grammar points at the level of Council
of Europe Framework (CEF)CI and CZ. It assumes that the basic points have been
covered. These can be practised in Macmillan English Grammar In Context Essential
and Macmillan English Grammar In Context Intermediate.

The practice material includes a wide range of topics to reflect both everyday language
use and the kinds of subjects leamers might be studying in schools or colleges. Many
leamers are likely to use English to leam another subject during their education and the
choice of text tries to reflect this factoSome texts contain information which leamers
should find interesting or challenging. The intention in general is that language should
have a familiar context and that leamers should have something to use language for.

Within each unit, exercises range in difficulty. This allows leamers to build up their
confidence with the simpler, more familiar tasks before moving onto the more
challenging one s later in the unit. The longer, topic-based texts include highlighted
words whose definitions can be found on the accompanying CD-ROM. This is a good
opportunity for leamers to widen their vocabulary and see grammar used in realistic
contexts.

The Review section at the back of the book offers more activities for students who
have finished the other exercises. It is aIso for students who feel that they haven't fully
grasped the grammar point and need some further practice. In addition, it can be used
as a means of testing or revising previous study, either in class or at home.

The CD-ROM
This includes two further exercises for each unit in this book, and a test section.
Plus, where you see highlighted words like this, you will find the definitions in the
glossary section. Just follow the link from the homepage.

To the student
Macmillan English Grammar In Context has been written to make grammar more
interesting than other books on the market. We hope you find it enjoyable as well
as useful. If you are studying at home, the units can be covered in any order but the
exercises within each unit have been graded. If you find some exercises difficult, read
the presentation page again. The extension activities and Review offer the opportunity
of further practice.

To the teacher
Unlike many other grammar books, Macmillan English Grammar In Context puts
grammar into context. The aim is to encourage students to see grammar used mor e
realistically and in more interesting ways. The topics covered in the exercises can
be used as a starting point for a lesson, as a subject for discussion, and as a means of
helping to build students' vocabulary in useful areas. There is opportunity for individual
study, group work and homework, plus testing, in the different sections of the book.
 would
Unit future
tense
nouns
modals
have
present
past
hearsay contrasts
artieles
passlve
indirect
report
Topie time
conditional
questions
unreal
numtime
ber
and
pronouns, (3):
(1)
(2)
past
(2):
and
verbs
simple,
perfectother
and
get50, if-sentences
uses certainty
there
possibility,
tense
quantity
reporting
(1):
speech
obligation,
something
present
it, done,(2)
(1)
continuous (2)uses of
recommendation,
other(1) get110
34
30
60
68
72
78
88
92
24
104
114
100
ability 40
20
46
64
82
96
10
16
50
56
6 Page
Unit Topie Page

25 adjeetives ... . .. 118

26 adj eetives wit h infi n itive or -ing 124

27 adverbs ...... . 128

28 making eomparisons . 132

29 plaee and movement, prepositional phrases 136

30 time words 142

31 verb and preposition 146

32 prepositions with adjeetives and nouns . . 150

33 verbs folIowed by -ing or infinitive 154

34 relative and non-finite (Iauses 158

35 adve rb i aI (I auses . 162

36 adverbia I partieiple c1auses .. 166

37 Ph rasa I ve rbs (1) .. . 17 O

38 phrasal verbs (2) . 174

39 ph rasa I verbs (3) .. .. 178

40 organizing text (1) 184

41 orga nizi ng text (2) .. 188

42 organizing text (3) ..... 192

43 inversion and fronting.. 198

44 emphasis 204

Review... . . 208

Word list... . . 220

Grammar index 224

Answer key 225

 present simple, present continuous (1)
basic uses of present simple and present continuous
• Use present simple for facts, or things that always happen.
Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit and O degrees Ce/sius.
Sea water contains on average 2.7% sa/t by weight.

• Use present simple for routines and habits.

The birds return to the is/and every spring.
Fidd/er crabs tum red when they became angry

• Use present continuous for actions happening at the moment of speaking, and not finished.
Sorry, /'m busy at the moment. I'm doing my homework.

• Present continuous is also used for actions happening generally around the time of speaking,
rather than exactly at the same time.
I'm reading a real/y interesting book.

state and action verbs

Some verbs have meanings which refer to states or conditions, and others have meanings which refer
to actions. State verbs are either only used in simple form, or have a different meaning when used in
continuous form.

state verbs normally in present simple

• be/ong, consist ot, contain, cost, depend on, deserve, matter; own, possess, resemble
ooes this belong to you?
Fresh fruit contains a range of vitamins.

• believe, imagine, know, prefer; realize, understand, mean

Some people stil! believe that the Earth is f/at.
• seem
This seems to be what we're looking for.

• cast is sometimes used in continuous to describe a process that is still going on.
We're having a house bui/t, and it's costing a fortune!

• realize, regret, understand

These are normally used with state meanings in present simple, but can be used in continuous to
show a changing situation, usually with an adverbia I which shows that change is happening.
Some people don 't realize how dangerous cars can be.
Peop/e are slowly realizing the cost of g/oba/ warming.
Do you understand this point?
We're understanding more and more about the universe.

verbs with state and action meanings

state action
• do
What do you do? (= what's your job) What are you doing? (= explain your actions)

• be, have
This house is over 100 years o/d. He is being very sil/y!
Do you have a car? I'm having a great time here.

• imagine, suppose, think, expect

Isuppose this is Jim. You're supposing he is gui/ty (= make an assumption)
I imagine you feel the same. Ghosts' No, you're imagining things'
What do you think? (= have an opinion) What are you thinking?

o I don 't expect him to understand

I'm thinking of changing jobs. (= considering)
Are you expecting someone?