Vincent Kagyeama

Professor Kardell
ASU ENG 102

CRAAP Test
Balmas, M. (2014). When Fake News Becomes Real: Combined Exposure to Multiple News
Sources and Political Attitudes of Inefficacy, Alienation, and Cynicism. Communication
Research, 41(3), 430-454.

Currency: The timeliness of the information.

 This information was posted in 2014.
 The information has not been revised.
 The topic does not require current information besides background on electoral processes.
 There are no links.

Relevance: The importance of the information for your needs.

 The information does pertain to my topic as it introduces vocabulary relevant to my topic
as well as data tables and figures representative of the effect of fake news on the 2006
Israeli election.
 The intended audience is those concerned with the 2006 Israeli election or anyone
interested in the power of misinformation within media, and satirical shows effects.
 The information is at an appropriate level and I have looked at a variety of sources.
 I would be very comfortable citing this source and will almost definitely use it.

Authority: The source of the information.

 The author is Meital Balmas-Cohen.
 She is a member of the Department of Communication at the Hebrew University of
Jerusalem and has a Ph.D.
 The author is very qualified to write on this topic.
 There is contact information such as the author’s email and the URL is a .edu.

Accuracy:
 The information is supported by lots of evidence such as graphs, studies, and tables.
 The information has been reviewed.
 I cannot verify any of the information with personal knowledge but there seems to be no
bias or emotion in the writing.
 There are no spelling or grammatical errors.

Purpose: The reason the information exists.

 The purpose of this article is to inform and give data to the people.
 The author does make her intentions clear which is to inform.
 The information is fact and perhaps slight opiniona as it talks about satirical
television.
 The point of view appears objective
  There is institutional and cultural biases as the author is from the place of the
study and she is involved in the field that she is discussing.

http://journals.sagepub.com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/doi/pdf/10.1177/0093650212453600

Batchelor, O. (2017). Getting out the truth: The role of libraries in the fight against fake
news. Reference Services Review, 45(2), 143-148.

Currency: The timeliness of the information.

 The information was published in 2017.
 The information has not been revised.
 My topic does require new information.
 The links are functional.

Relevance: The importance of the information for your needs.

 The information does relate to my topic because it discusses ideas on how to combat fake
news and possible effects of it.
 The intended audience is for those interested in fake news or the roles of libraries in an
age of digital media.
 The information is at an appropriate level and I have looked look at a variety of sources.
 I will use this source in my paper.

Authority: The source of the information.

 The author is Oliver Batchelor who is affiliated with Arapahoe Community College.
 The author’s only known credentials are some form of affiliation with Arapahoe
Community College.
 The author seems to be qualified to write on the topic.
 There is an email to contact the author.
 The URL is a .edu meaning that it is a peer reviewed article.

Accuracy: The reliability, truthfulness and correctness of the content.

 The information comes from an academic journal.
 The information is supported by a lot of evidence and references.
 The information has been peer-reviewed.
 I cannot verify any of the information with my own knowledge, but there are similar
ideas to other articles.
 The language and tone definitely have opinion, that librarians are important and we need
to use them and their resources more adequately.
 There are no spelling or grammar errors.

Purpose: The reason the information exists.

 The purpose of this information is to persuade people to use libraries and their resources
more.
 The author does make their intentions clear.
 The information is both fact and opinion.
  There is opinion about the use of our resources and how to better our research skills.
 There are no biases.

https://www-emeraldinsight-com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/doi/full/10.1108/RSR-03-2017-0006

Carlson, M. (2018). Fake news as an informational moral panic: The symbolic deviancy of social
media during the 2016 US presidential election. Information, Communication & Society, 1-15.

Currency: The timeliness of the information:

 The information was posted in 2018.
 The information has not been updated.
 My topic does require current information and a general understanding of the media
climate.
 The links are functional.
Relevance: The importance of the information for your needs:
 The information does pertain to my topic because it shows how dangerous fake news is
to the democratic process.
 The intended audience is educators, those interested in fake news, and anyone
interested in the media.
 The information is at an appropriate level.
 I have looked at a variety of sources.
 I would be comfortable citing this source.
Authority:
 The author is Matt Carlson.
 The author has a PhD in communication from University of Pennsylvania and is an
Associate Professor in the Department of Communication at Saint Louis University.
 The author is qualified to write on the topic.
 There is no contact information.
 The URL is a .edu meaning its peer-reviewed and educational.
Accuracy:
 The information comes from an academic journal.
 The information is supported by references and evidence.
 The information has been peer-reviewed.
 I can verify some of the ideas about fake news articles and how they were being
distributed during the 2016 presidential election.
 The language seems to be unbiased.
 There are no spelling, grammar, or typographical errors.
Purpose:
 The purpose of this information is to inform and warn about what can happen with fake
news.
 The author makes their intentions clear.
 The information is factual.
 The point of view appears to be objective.
  There are no biases.

https://www-tandfonline-
com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1505934?scroll=top&needAccess=tr
ue

De Keersmaecker, & Roets. (2017). ‘Fake news’: Incorrect, but hard to correct. The role of
cognitive ability on the impact of false information on social impressions. Intelligence, 65, 107-
110.

Currency:
 Information posted in 2017.
 The information was revised on September 18, 2017.
 My topic does require current information.
 The links are functional.
Relevance:
 The information is very pertinent to my topic as it talks about fake news impact on
people.
 The intended audience is those who are wanting to know more about the role of fake
news on cognitive ability.
 The information is at an appropriate level.
 I looked at a variety of sources.
 I will almost definitely use this source.
Authority:
 The authors are Dr. Jonas De Keersmaecker and Arne Roets.
 Dr. Jonas De Keersmaecker has a doctorate from Ghent University and is a part of the
department of developmental, personal, and social psychology. Amy Roets credentials
are unavailable.
 The author is qualilfied to write ont his topic.
 The author’s email is there.
 The URL is a .edu
Accuracy:
 The information comes from an academic article.
 The information is supported by evidence and a study.
 The information has been peer-reviewed.
 I cannot verify the study, or the information presented, but the findings are similar to that
of the other articles I have read.
 The language seems to be free of bias.
 There are no grammatical or spelling errors.
Purpose:
 The purpose of the information is to inform and to show that this is a problem.
 The author does make their intentions clear.
 The information is fact.
 The point of view is objective.
 There are no biases.
https://ac-els-cdn-com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/S0160289617301617/1-s2.0-S0160289617301617-
main.pdf?_tid=542a8d27-82a3-4115-b471-
e7efeb6048fe&acdnat=1535647012_f584d38297a1a1a4e947612b32d4d54a

Habgood-Coote, J. (2018). Stop talking about fake news! Inquiry, 1-33.

Currency:
 The information was posted in 2018.
 The information has not been revised.
 My topic does require modern information.
 The links are functional.
Relevance:
 The information does relate to my topic and provides a counter-argument.
 The intended audience is for the general public.
 The information is at an appropriate level.
 I looked at a variety of sources.
 I will most likely cite this as a counter point then dismiss it.
Authority:
 The author is Joshua Habgood-Coate.
 He has a PhD from St. Andrews and is a Vice-Chancellor’s fellow at the University of
Bristol.
 The author is qualified to write on the topic.
 There is an email for the author.
 The URL is a .edu meaning that it is educational.
Accuracy:
 The information comes from an academic article.
 The information is supported by evidence.
 The information has been peer-reviewed.
 The information seems consistent with other articles but arguing a different angle.
 The language seems free of bias.
 There are no grammatical or spelling errors.
Purpose:
 The purpose is to inform and persuade to say that “fake news” is not actually a problem.
 The author makes their intentions clear.
 The information is opinions based on fact.
 The point of view appears objective.
 There are no biases.

https://www-tandfonline-
com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/doi/full/10.1080/0020174X.2018.1508363?scroll=top&needAccess=tr
ue
Jang, & Kim. (2018). Third person effects of fake news: Fake news regulation and media literacy
interventions. Computers in Human Behavior, 80, 295-302.

Currency:
 The article was written in 2018.
 The article was revised.
 My topic requires current information.
 The links are functional.
Relevance:
 The vocabulary and definitions and ideas used in here are directly related to my topic.
 The intended audience is anyone with concerns over fake news and the media.
 The information is at an appropriate level.
 I have looked at a variety of sources before determining this one.
 I would be comfortable citing this source.
Authority:
 The authors are Jang and Kim.
 Jang has a Ph.D. and is an assistant professor for South Carolina’s school of Journalism
and Mass Communications. Kim has a Ph.D. and is a professor of Ethnic Studies at
Colorado State University.
 The author is qualified to write on this topic.
 There is contact information for both authors.
 The URL is a .edu showing it is an academic article.
Accuracy:
 The information is an academ;ic article.
 The information is supported by evidence.
 The information has been peer-reviewed.
 The information is consistent with other atrticles.
 The information is clear of bias.
 There are no spelling or grammatical errors.
Purpose:
 The purpose of the information is to inform and educate.
 The authors make their intentions clear.
 The information is opinion supported by facts and definitions
 The point of view appears objective.
 There are no biases.
https://ac-els-cdn-com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/S0747563217306726/1-s2.0-S0747563217306726-
main.pdf?_tid=1d0c16ac-b967-48f5-99c5-
cf43764a8547&acdnat=1535476298_6070f39f4079b7e1854634b021f9c171

Marchi, R. (2012). With Facebook, Blogs, and Fake News, Teens Reject Journalistic
“Objectivity”. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 36(3), 246-262.

Currency:
 The information was posted in 2012.
  The information has not been revised.
 My topic does require current information.
 The links are functional.
Relevance:
 The information is very important to my topic as it discusses how teens interact with
news and the growing popularity of social media.
 The intended audience is educators or academics or journalists who want to know the
relevancy of social media and traditional media.
 The information is at an appropriate level.
 I did look at a variety of sources.
 I will almost definitely use this source.
Authority:
 The author is Regina Marchi.
 She has a Ph.D in communication and is an associate professor in Journalism and Media
Studies at Rutgers.
 The author is qualified to write on the topic.
 There is no contact information for the author.
 The URL is a .edu meaning it is an academic article.
Accuracy:
 This information comes from an academic journal.
 The information is supported by evidence.
 The information has been peer-reviewed.
 I can say that this article matches with previous articles that I have read.
 The language seems unbiased.
 There are no spelling or grammatical errors.
Purpose:
 The purpose of this information is to teach.
 The author makes their intentions clear.
 The information is fact.
 The point of view appears objective.
 There are no biases.

http://journals.sagepub.com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/doi/pdf/10.1177/0196859912458700

Mihailidis, P., Viotty, S., & Payne, J. (2017). Spreadable Spectacle in Digital Culture: Civic
Expression, Fake News, and the Role of Media Literacies in “Post-Fact” Society. American
Behavioral Scientist, 61(4), 441-454.

Currency:
 This information was posted in 2017.
 The information has not been revised.
 The topic requires current information.
 The links are functional.
Relevance:
 The information is directly relatable to my topic as it points to the origins of fake news
and why it is so easy to spread.
 The intended audience is anyone interested in the media.
 The information is at an appropriate level.
 I have looked at a variety of sources.
 I will most likely use this source in my paper.
Authority
 The author is Paul Mihaildis.
 He has a Ph.D from the Univesrity of Maryland and is a faculty member at Emerson
College.
 He is qualified to write on the topic.
 There is no contact information for the author.
 The URL is a .edu meaning it is an academic journal.
Accuracy:
 This information comes from an academic journal.
 The information is supported by evidence.
 The information is peer-reviewed.
 This article matches with the general ideas of the previous articles.
 The language seems unbiased.
 There are no spelling or grammatical errors.
Purpose
 The purpose of the article is to inform.
 The author makes their intention clear.
 The information is factual and study based.
 The point of view appears impartial.
 There are no biases.
http://journals.sagepub.com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/doi/pdf/10.1177/0002764217701217

I will be using all of the sources listed above.