Core Java

• Create a Java Project

Step 1 – Open Eclipse

Step 2 – File->New->Java Project

Step 3 – Right click on “src” folder and select package and enter any package name

Step 4 – Right Click on package and select Class

Step 5 – Enter any Class Name and the click Finish(no space should be present in Class name)

• Create a main method which is the entry point of any application

public static void main(String[] args)

Syso(“in main method”);

• Calling a method of Class

Create a object of the class whose method has to be called

FirstClass.java

public class FirstClass

{
public void Method1()
{
System.out.println("Method 1");
}

Main Class.java

FirstClass obj=new FirstClass();

obj.Method1();

• Parameterized method
public void Method1(int a,int b,String c)
 {

Syso(a+b);

Calling parameterized method

Obj.Method1(10,20,”Hello”);

• Method return type

public int Method1(int a,int b)

Int c=a+b;

return c;

Calling

Int d=obj.Method1(10,20);

System.out.println(d);

• Static Method
FirstClass.java file

public static void StaticMethod()

Syso(“In static method”);

Calling

To call a static method we don’t have to create a object it can be called directly from class name

FirstClass.StaticMethod();

• Data Conversion
To convert into different data types we can use wrapper class
 Int to String

Int i=10;

String.valueOf(i)

String to Int/double/float etc

String str=”10”;

Integer.vaueOf(str);

Double.vaueOf(str);

Float.valueOf(str);

• Type Casting
Implicit type casting – Compiler automatically converts

Used if we assign smaller data type to bigger data type

Int a=10;

float b=a;

Here float is the bigger data type so complier will automatically converts i.e implicit data type

Explicit type casting – We need to specify the conversion

Used if we assign bigger data type to smaller one

double d=24.565656565656;

int a=(int)d;

Note: We can cast only same group of data i.e double to int meaning only number not string to number or
vice versa.

• Difference between String and StringBuilder

The original value of string does not change but the original value of StringBuilder changes.
String str=”This is demo”;
StringBuilder strbui=new StringBuilder(“this is string builder”);
Adding string welcome in both
str.concat(“Welcome”);

strbui.Append(“Welcome”);

System.out.println(str); - The output will be original string i.e ”This is demo”;

System.out.println(strbui); - The output will be appended string i.e ” this is string builderWelcome”;
• Constructor
If we create a method with the same name as Classname then it’s a constructor, the only difference
constructor does not have a return type.

Default Constructor

public class FirstClass

{
public FirstClass()
{
System.out.println("Constructor");
}

Calling of Constructor – When we create an object constructor is automatically called

FirstClass obj=new FirstClass();

Parameterized Constructor

public class FirstClass

{
public FirstClass(int a,int b)
{
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(b);
}

FirstClass obj=new FirstClass(10,10);

This keyword

If we have to refer the class level variable we can use this keyword

public class FirstClass

 {
Int a=10;
String b=”Hello”;
public void Method(int a,int b)
{
System.out.println(this.a);
System.out.println(this.b);
}

Output:

10

Hello

• Loops
For loop

String[] arr=new String[3]

arr[0]=”hi”;

arr[0]=”hello”;

arr[0]=”java”;

for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++)

Syso(arr[i])

While loop

Int j=0;

while(j<arr.length)

Syso(arr[i]);

J++;

For-Each loop

for(String s:arr)
 {

Syso(s);

• Collections
ArrayList

ArrayList<String> arrlist=new ArrayList<String>();

arrlist.Add(“Hi”);

arrlist.Add(“Bye”);

arrlist.Add(“demo”);

Iterate in array list using for each loop

for(String item:arrlist)

Syso(item);

HashTable

Hashtable<String, String> hst1 = new Hashtable<String, String>();

hst1.put("x", "a");
hst1.put("y", "b");

Iterate in HashTable

for(Map.Entry<String,String> hs:hst1.entrySet())
{
System.out.println(hs.getKey());
System.out.println(hs.getValue());
}

HashMap is same as HashTable only in HashMap you can store null values