Two-phase liquid flows of Newtonian fluids in small channels have been widely studied

Conversely, even though non-Newtonian fluids are very common industrially, there are very few
studies of their flow in microchannels.

Non-

Newtonian fluids find applications in areas such as enhanced oil

recovery, catalytic polymerization reactions, and food process-

ing

Non-Newtonian fluids are characterized by a non-linear relation between shear stress and shear rate and, for
time independent non-Newtonian fluids the apparent viscosity, defined as the ratio between the shear stress
and shear rate values, depends on the local shear rate value

Today in any service sector be it industry, medical, automobile, aerospace and many other, the
design and operation of thermal management system is very much challenging. From time to time
size of heat exchanger continuously decreased depending upon the requirement. Small size channel
ranges from 200 micrometer to 10 micrometer came into existence in the early 1980s. These
microscale phenomena used as a heat sink or heat exchanger had an advantage to remove heat at rate of
1000 M/m2., Tuckerman and Pease (1981) first explained the concept of microchannel heat sinks and
predicted that single-phase forced convective cooling in microchannels could potentially remove heat at a
rate of the order of 1,000 W/m2

Microchannel heat transfer, however, has become increasingly popular and interesting to researchers due
to high heat transfer coefficients, with potential for record-high heat transfer coefficient and low to
moderate pressure drops when compared to conventional air and liquid cooled systems
Main objective is to dissipate maximum amount of heat to the surrounding and also the size
compared to others. As In the current scenario small size microchannel are being used everywhere

The growing demand for product miniaturization in all industrial sectors,

coupled with global competition for more reliable, faster, and cost-effective
products, has led to many new challenges for design and operation of thermal
management systems. The rapid increase in the number of transistors on microchips,
with increased functionality/power and consequently higher heat fluxes, is
one such great challenge in the electronics packaging industry

In particular, the flow behavior of non-

Newtonian fluid in microchannels is of high interest in practical applications such as

sample collection, dispensing, reaction, detection, mixing, and separation of various

biological and chemical species in microchips integrated with fluidic pumps, valves, and

sensors
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(Brito et al., 2015)

(Khamar & Samrane, 2016)

(Wu, Nappo, & Kuhn, 2015)

(Tang, Lu, & Shi, 2014)

(Ohadi, Choo, Dessiatoun, & Cetegen, 2013)(Su, Chen, & Yuan, 2014)

(Khamar & Samrane, 2016)

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