Chapter 2

Mathematics XII

Exercise 2.1

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Exercise 2.1
Question 1: www.tiwariacademy.com
1
Find the principal value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (− )
2
Answer 1:
1
Let 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (− ) = 𝑦, Then
2
1 𝜋 𝜋
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑦 = − = −𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( ) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (− )
2 6 6

π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sin −1 is [- , ] and
2 2
π 1
sin (- ) = -
6 2
1 π
Therefore, the principal value of sin-1 (- ) is - .
2 6

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Question 2:
√3
Find the principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( )
2

Answer 2: www.tiwariacademy.com
√3
Let 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( ) = 𝑦, then
2
√3 𝜋
cos 𝑦 = = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( )
2 6
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cos −1 is [0, π] and
π √3
cos ( ) =
6 2
√3 π
Therefore, the principal value of cos -1 ( ) is .
2 6

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Question 3: www.tiwariacademy.com
Find the principal value of cosec−1 (2).
Answer 3:
π
Let cosec−1 (2) = y. Then, cosec y = 2 = cosec ( )
6
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cosec −1 is [- 2 , 2 ] -{0}
π
and cosec ( ) = 2.
6
π
Therefore, the principal value of cosec−1 (2) is .
6

Question 4: www.tiwariacademy.com
Find the principal value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (−√3).
Answer 4:
π π
Let tan-1 (-√3) = y, then tan y = -√3 = -tan = tan (- )
3 3
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan−1 is (- , ) and
2 2
π
tan (- ) = -√3
3
π
Therefore, the principal value of tan-1 (-√3) is - .
3

Question 5: www.tiwariacademy.com
1
Find the principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (− ).
2

Answer 5:
1 1 π π 2π
Let cos -1 (- ) = y, then cos y = - = -cos = cos (π- ) = cos ( )
2 2 3 3 3
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cos −1 is [0, π] and
2π 1
cos ( ) = -
3 2
1 2π
Therefore, the principal value of cos -1 (- ) is .
2 3

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Question 6: www.tiwariacademy.com
Find the principal value of tan−1 (−1).
Answer 6:
π π
Let tan−1 (−1) = y. Then, tan y = -1 = -tan ( ) = tan (- )
4 4
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan −1 is (- , ) and
2 2
π
tan (- ) = -1
4
π
Therefore, the principal value of tan−1 (−1) is - .
4

Question 7: www.tiwariacademy.com
2
Find the principal value of 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 ( ).
3 √
Answer 7:
2 2 𝜋
Let 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 ( ) = 𝑦, then sec 𝑦 = = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ( )
3 √ √ 3 6
𝜋
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sec −1 is [0, 𝜋] − { }
2
𝜋 2
and 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ( ) = .
6 √3
2 𝜋
Therefore, the principal value of 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 ( ) is .
3 6 √

Question 8: www.tiwariacademy.com
Find the principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 √3.
Answer 8:
π
Let cot -1 √3 = y, then cot y = √3 = cot ( ).
6
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cot −1 is (0, π) and
π
cot ( ) = √3.
6
π
Therefore, the principal value of cot -1 √3 is .
6

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Question 9: www.tiwariacademy.com
1
Find the principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (− ).
√2

Answer 9:
1
Let cos -1 (- ) = y, then
√2

1 π π 3π
cos y = - = -cos ( ) = cos (π- ) = cos ( ).
√ 2 4 4 4

We know that the range of the principal value branch of cos −1 is [0, π] and
3π 1
cos ( ) = - .
4 √2
1 3π
Therefore, the principal value of cos -1 (- ) is .
√2 4

Question 10:
Find the principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (−√2).
Answer 10:
Let 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (−√2) = 𝑦, then

𝜋 𝜋
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑦 = −√2 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 ( ) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 (− )
4 4

π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cosec−1 is [- , ] -{0}
2 2
π
and cosec (- ) = -√2.
4
π
Therefore, the principal value of cosec -1 (-√2) is - .
4

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Question 11: www.tiwariacademy.com

1 1
Find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (1) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (− ) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (− ).
2 2
Answer 11:
Let 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (1) = 𝑥, then
𝜋
tan 𝑥 = 1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛
4
𝜋 𝜋
We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan−1 is (− , ) .
2 2
𝜋
∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (1) =
4
1
Let 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (− ) = 𝑦, then
2
1 𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋
cos 𝑦 = − = −𝑐𝑜𝑠 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝜋 − ) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( )
2 3 3 3
−1
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cos is [0, 𝜋].
1 2𝜋
∴ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (− ) =
2 3

1
Let 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (− ) = 𝑧, then
2
1 𝜋 𝜋
sin 𝑧 = − = −𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (− )
2 6 6
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sin−1 is [- , ].
2 2
1 π
∴ sin-1 (- ) = -
2 6
Now,
1 1
tan-1 (1) + cos -1 (- ) + sin-1 (- )
2 2

𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋 3𝜋 + 8𝜋 − 2𝜋 9𝜋 3𝜋
= + − = = =
4 3 6 12 12 4

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Question 12: www.tiwariacademy.com

1 1
Find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( ) + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( )
2 2

Answer 12:
1 1 π
Let cos -1 ( ) = x, then cos x = = cos
2 2 3
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cos−1 is [0, π].
1 π
∴ cos -1 ( ) =
2 3

1 1 π
Let sin-1 (- ) = y, then sin y = = sin
2 2 6
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sin−1 is [- , ].
2 2
1 𝜋
∴ 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) =
2 6
Now,
1 1 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋
𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( ) + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) = + 2 × = + = .
2 2 3 6 3 3 3

Question 13:
If sin−1 x = y, then
𝜋 𝜋
(A) 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝜋 (B) − ≤ 𝑦 ≤
2 2
𝜋 𝜋
(C) 0 < 𝑦 < 𝜋 (D) − < 𝑦 <
2 2
Answer 13: www.tiwariacademy.com
It is given that sin−1 x = y.
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sin−1 is [- , ].
2 2
π π
Therefore, - ≤ y ≤ .
2 2
Hence, the option (B) is correct.

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Question 14: www.tiwariacademy.com

𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 √3 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (−2) is equal to
𝜋
(A) π (B) −
3
𝜋 2𝜋
(C) (D)
3 3
Answer 14:
Let 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 √3 = 𝑥, then
𝜋
tan 𝑥 = √3 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛
3
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan−1 is (- , ).
2 2
π
∴ tan-1 √3 =
3

Let sec -1 (-2) = y, then

π π 2π
sec y = -2 = -sec = sec (π- ) = sec ( )
3 3 3
π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sec−1 is [0, π]- { }
2
2π
∴ sec -1 (-2) =
3
Now,
π 2π π
tan-1 √3-sec -1 (-2) = - =-
3 3 3

Hence, the option (B) is correct. www.tiwariacademy.com

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